Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2014

Basis of Presentation [Policy Text Block]

Basis of Presentation

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and are presented in U.S. dollars.

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods have been included. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2013 and notes thereto contained in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on April 15, 2014. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year.

Principles of Consolidation [Policy Text Block]

Principles of Consolidation

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all its majority-owned subsidiaries which require consolidation. Inter-company transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The functional currency of the Company’s operations is Reminbi (“RMB”)

Use of Estimates [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates

In preparing these consolidated financial statements, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities in the balance sheets and revenues and expenses during the year reported. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to obsolete inventory, useful life and recoverability of long lived assets, and goodwill. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by the Company may differ materially and adversely from the Company’s estimates. To the extent there are material differences between the estimates and the actual results, future results of operations will be affected.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Policy Text Block]

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company adopted the standard “Fair Value Measurements”, codified with ASC 820 and effective January 1, 2008. The provisions of ASC 820 are to be applied prospectively.

ASC 820 clarifies that fair value is an estimate of the exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants (i.e. the exit price at the measurement date). Under ASC 820, fair value measurements are not adjusted for transaction cost. ASC 820 provides for use of a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels:

Level 1:	Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2:	Input other than quoted market prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly, and reasonably available. Observable inputs reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company.

Level 3:	Unobservable inputs. Unobservable inputs reflect the assumptions that the Company develops based on available information about what market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability.

An asset or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Availability of observable inputs can vary and is affected by a variety of factors. The Company uses judgment in determining fair value of assets and liabilities and Level 3 assets and liabilities involve greater judgment than Level 1 and Level 2 assets or liabilities.

Cash and Cash Equivalents [Policy Text Block]

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits with banks and liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less. Cash deposits with banks are held in financial institutions in China, which has no federally insured deposit protection. Accordingly, the Company has a concentration of credit risk related to these uninsured deposits.

Inventories [Policy Text Block]

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is determined using the weighted average cost method. Costs include direct material, direct labor and applicable manufacturing overhead. Market value is determined by reference to selling prices after the balance sheet date or to management’s estimates based on prevailing market conditions. Management writes down the inventories to market value if market value is below cost. Management also regularly evaluates the composition of the Company’s inventories to identify slow-moving and obsolete inventories to determine if a valuation allowance is required.

Property, Plant and Equipment [Policy Text Block]

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. Additions and improvement that substantially extend the useful life of the property, plant and equipment are capitalized. Property, plant and equipment are depreciated to their estimated residual values over their estimated useful lives, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with the standard, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”, codified with ASC 360.

Construction in Progress [Policy Text Block]

Construction in Progress

Construction in progress represents direct costs of construction or acquisition incurred. Capitalization of these costs ceases and construction in progress is transferred to property and equipment when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the assets for their intended use are completed.

Intangible Assets [Policy Text Block]

Intangible Assets

The Company periodically analyzes its intangible assets for potential impairment, assessing the appropriateness of lives and recoverability of unamortized balances through the measurement of undiscounted operating cash flows on a basis consistent with U.S. GAAP.

Related Parties [Policy Text Block]

Related Parties

The caption “Due from shareholders” represents loans receivable that are unsecured, non-interest bearing and have no fixed terms of repayment, and therefore are not considered current assets.

The caption “Due to shareholders” represents loans payable that are unsecured, non-interest bearing and have no fixed terms of repayment, and therefore are deemed payable on demand. Refer to Note 6.

Comprehensive Income [Policy Text Block]

Comprehensive Income

The standard, “Reporting Comprehensive Income”, codified with ASC 220, requires disclosure of all components of comprehensive income and loss on an annual and interim basis. Comprehensive income and loss is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. The Company’s other comprehensive income arose from the effect of foreign currency translation adjustments.

Revenue Recognition [Policy Text Block]

Revenue Recognition

Revenues are recognized when finished products are shipped to unaffiliated customers, both title and the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred, or services have been rendered and accepted, and collectability is reasonably assured.

Research and Development Costs [Policy Text Block]

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are expensed to operations as incurred.

Income Tax [Policy Text Block]

Income Tax

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the standard, “Accounting for Income Taxes”, codified with ASC 740. ASC 740 requires an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting for income taxes and allows recognition and measurement of deferred tax assets based upon the likelihood of realization of tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach, deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will either expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or that future deductibility is uncertain.

Segment Information [Policy Text Block]

Segment Information

The standard, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information”, codified with ASC 280, requires certain financial and supplementary information to be disclosed on an annual and interim basis for each reportable segment of an enterprise. The Company believes that it operates in one business segment (research, development, production, marketing and sales) and in one geographical segment (China), as all of the Company’s current operations are carried out in China.

Foreign Currency Translation [Policy Text Block]

Foreign Currency Translation

The Company’s functional currency is Chinese Renminbi (“RMB”) and its reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. Transactions denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in effect on the date of the transactions. Exchange gains or losses on transactions are included in earnings.

The consolidated financial statements of the Company are translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with the standard, “Foreign Currency Translation”, codified with ASC 830, using year-end rates of exchange for assets and liabilities, and average rates of exchange for the period for revenues, costs, and expenses and historical rates for equity. Translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the local currency consolidated financial statements into U.S. dollars are included in determining comprehensive income. At June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the cumulative translation adjustments of ($34,810) and ($42,082), respectively, were classified as items of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the stockholders’ equity section of the balance sheet. For the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, other comprehensive income (loss) was $11,922 and ($6,793), respectively.

The exchange rates used to translate amounts in RMB into U.S. dollars for the purposes of preparing the consolidated financial statements were as follows: As of June 30, 2014 and December 31, 2013, the Company used the period-end rates of exchange for assets and liabilities of $1 to RMB6.2043 and $1 to RMB6.054, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2014 and 2013, the Company used the period’s average rate of exchange to convert revenues, costs, and expenses of $1 to RMB6.167 and $1 to RMB6.1903, respectively. The Company used historical rates for equity.

Loss Per Share [Policy Text Block]

Loss Per Share

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock, common stock equivalents and potentially dilutive securities outstanding during each period. At June 30, 2014, the Company had no common stock equivalents that could potentially dilute future earnings per share; however, if present, a separate computation of diluted loss per share would not have been presented, as these common stock equivalents would have been anti-dilutive due to the Company’s net loss.

Commitments and Contingencies [Policy Text Block]

Commitments and Contingencies

Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines and penalties and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated.

New Accounting Pronouncements [Policy Text Block]

New Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-05, Foreign Currency Matters. This standard provides additional guidance with respect to the reclassification into income of the cumulative translation adjustment (CTA) recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income associated with a foreign entity of a parent company. The ASU differentiates between transactions occurring within a foreign entity and transactions/events affecting an investment in a foreign entity. For transactions within a foreign entity, the full CTA associated with the foreign entity would be reclassified into income only when the sale of a subsidiary or group of net assets within the foreign entity represents the substantially complete liquidation of that foreign entity. For transactions/events affecting an investment in a foreign entity (for example, control or ownership of shares in a foreign entity), the full CTA associated with the foreign entity would be reclassified into income only if the parent no longer has a controlling interest in that foreign entity as a result of the transaction/event. In addition, acquisitions of a foreign entity completed in stages will trigger release of the CTA associated with an equity method investment in that entity at the point a controlling interest in the foreign entity is obtained. For the Company, this ASU is effective prospectively beginning January 1, 2014, with early adoption permitted. This ASU would impact the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition only in the instance of an event/transaction as described above

In July 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-11, “Presentation of an Unrecognized Tax Benefit When a Net Operating Loss Carryforward, a Similar Tax Loss, or a Tax Credit Carryforward Exists.” This standard requires that an unrecognized tax benefits, or a portion of an unrecognized tax benefit be presented on a reduction to a deferred tax asset for an NOL carryforward, a similar tax loss, or a tax credit carryforward with certain exceptions to this rule. If certain exception conditions exist, an entity should present an unrecognized tax benefit in the financial statements as a liability and should not net the unrecognized tax benefit with a deferred tax asset. This standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2013. The Company does not expect the adoption of the new provisions to have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

In June 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-10, Development Stage Entities (Topic 915): Elimination of Certain Financial Reporting Requirements, Including an Amendment to Variable Interest Entities Guidance in Topic 810, Consolidation. The amendments in this Update remove the definition of a development stage entity from the Master Glossary of the Accounting Standards Codification, thereby removing the financial reporting distinction between development stage entities and other reporting entities from U.S. GAAP. For public business entities, those amendments are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2014, and interim periods therein. Early application of each of the amendments is permitted for any annual reporting period or interim period for which the entity’s financial statements have not yet been issued (public business entities) or made available for issuance (other entities). Upon adoption, entities will no longer present or disclose any information required by Topic 915.

The Company believes that there were no other accounting standards recently issued that had or are expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

Chang-On International, Inc. 10-Q