Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Unaudited) (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Unaudited)

Schedule of identification and calculation of allowance for credit losses for each of the following portfolio segments

Loan Pool		Risk Characteristics
One-to-Four Family Mortgages		This category consists of loans secured by residential real estate. The performance of these loans may be adversely affected by, among other factors, local residential real estate market conditions, the interest rate environment, and inflation.

Construction and Land		This category consists of loans to finance the ground-up construction and/or improvement of residential and vacant lot loans. The performance of construction loans is generally dependent upon the successful completion of improvements and/or land development for the end user. The successful completion of planned improvements and development may be adversely affected by changes in the estimated property value upon completion of construction, projected costs, and other conditions leading to project delays.

Home Equity Loans/ Lines of Credit		This category consists of loans secured by first and junior liens on residential real estate. The performance of these loans may be adversely affected by, among other factors, local residential real estate market conditions, the interest rate environment, and inflation.

Commercial Real Estate		This category consists of loans primarily secured by office and industrial buildings, warehouses, retail shopping facilities and various special purpose properties, including hotel and restaurants. The performance of these loans may be adversely affected by, among other factors, conditions specific to the relevant industry, the real estate market for the property type and geographic region where the property of the borrower is located. This category consists of loans to finance the ground-up construction and/or improvement of commercial properties. The performance of these loans is generally dependent upon the successful completion of improvements and/or land development for the end user. The successful completion of planned improvements and development may be adversely affected by changes in the estimated property value upon completion of construction, projected costs and other conditions leading to project delays.

Commercial and Industrial		This category consists of purchased business loans made to various practitioners and other professionals. These loans are often originally secured by blanket UCC-1 filings. When the loan is purchased, the Company purchases 100% of the loan and remits 97% of the loan balance to the seller and the seller establishes a reserve deposit account with the Bank equal to 3% of the loan balance. If a loan becomes delinquent, the Company withdraws payment from the reserve deposit account. If a loan becomes 90 days delinquent, the seller typically replaces the delinquent loan with a performing loan of equal or greater balance (although this is not a contractual obligation of the seller). The performance of these loans may be adversely affected by, among other factors, local and national market conditions, the interest rate environment and inflation.

Consumer

This category consists of loans to individuals for household, family, and other personal use. The performance of these loans may be adversely affected by national and local economic conditions, inflation, and other factors affecting the borrower’s income available to service the debt.

Fifth District Bancorp, Inc. 10-Q