Derivative Liability

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2011

Note 6 – Derivative Liability

ASC 815 – Derivatives and Hedging provides guidance to determine what types of instruments, or embedded features in an instrument, are to be considered derivatives. This guidance can affect the accounting for warrants and other convertible instruments that contain provisions to protect holders from a decline in the stock price, or down-round provisions. Down-round provisions reduce the exercise price of a warrant or convertible instrument if a company either issues equity shares for a price that is lower than the exercise price of those instruments, or issues new warrants or convertible instruments that have a lower exercise price. We have determined that the following warrants contain such provisions and should be treated as derivative liabilities.


Warrant	Exercise Price		Number of Warrants		Expiration Date		Fair Value September 30, 2011
Series A	$	0.04		26,859,369		March, 31, 2015	$	810,000
Series PA	$	0.15		16,670,000		June 8, 2017		447,000
Series PB	$	0.10		16,670,000		Feb 14, 2012		40,000
Series PC	$	0.15		16,670,000		June 8, 2017		447,000

Total							$	1,744,000

The Company estimated the fair value of the Series PA, PB and PC Warrants on the grant date of February 14, 2011 to be $7,087,000. As discussed in Note 5, the Company immediately recognized the value of the warrants that exceeded the fair value of the convertible preferred stock as interest expense and recorded a corresponding derivative liability. As of September 30, 2011, the fair value of the warrants deemed to be derivatives was $1,744,000, as compared to the December 31, 2010 fair value of $611,000, resulting in a reduction in the derivative liability and a corresponding recognition of $5,663,000 in gain in the change in derivative liability for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. In addition, the derivative liability was reduced related to warrant exercises by $292,000 with a corresponding increase in additional paid-in capital.

On May 31, 2011, the Company amended the Series PA and PC Warrants issued in February 2011 to extend the initial exercise date of such warrants to the date that is one year and one day from the effective date of the Company's Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1. As a result, the initial exercise date of the Series PA and PC Warrants was amended from February 14, 2012 to June 8, 2012. Since the Series PA and PC Warrants are exercisable for a period of five years from the initial exercise date, the expiration date of the Series PA and PC Warrants automatically adjusted to June 8, 2017 in connection with such amendment. The accounting impact associated with this modification was evaluated in accordance with ASC 815 – Derivatives and Hedges and it was determined that no accounting charge was needed.

The Company utilizes the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate the fair value of these derivative instruments. The Company considers them to be Level 2 type instruments in accordance with ASC 820-10 – Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures as the inputs used to estimate their value are observable either directly or indirectly. The risk-free interest rate assumptions were based upon the observed interest rates appropriate for the remaining contractual term of the instruments. The expected volatility assumptions were based upon the historical volatility of the Company's common stock. The expected dividend yield was assumed to be zero as the Company has not paid any dividends since its inception and does not anticipate paying dividends in the foreseeable future. The expected term assumptions were based upon the remaining contractual terms of these instruments.

The Company values its financial assets and liabilities on a recurring basis and effective January 1, 2009 certain nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities on a nonrecurring basis based on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In order to increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements, a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs is used to measure fair value into three broad levels, which are described below:


Level 1:		Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to Level 1 inputs.

Level 2:		Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in inactive markets; or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated with observable market data.

Level 3:		Unobservable inputs are used when little or no market data is available. The fair value hierarchy gives the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs.

In determining fair value, the Company utilizes valuation techniques that maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs to the extent possible as well as considers counterparty credit risk in its assessment of fair value.

Financial liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are classified in the tables below in one of the three categories described above:


	September 30, 2011
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Derivative liability		—	$	1,744,000		—	$	1,744,000


	December 31, 2010
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Derivative liability		—	$	611,000		—	$	611,000

The assumptions used in the September 30, 2011 fair value measurement of warrants are as follows:


	Series A			Series PA & PC			Series PB
Discount Rate		1.02	%		1.02	%		1.02	%
Volatility		125	%		125	%		125	%
Expected Term		3.5 years			4.69 years			0.38 years
Dividend Yield		0	%		0	%		0	%

The assumptions used in the February 14, 2011 fair value measurement of warrants are as follows:


	Series PA & PC			Series PB
Discount Rate		2.26	%		2.26	%
Volatility		116	%		116	%
Expected Term		5 years			1 year
Dividend Yield		0	%		0	%

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the entity's entire derivative instruments and hedging activities. Describes an entity's risk management strategies, derivatives in hedging activities and non-hedging derivative instruments, the assets, obligations, liabilities, revenues and expenses arising therefrom, and the amounts of and methodologies and assumptions used in determining the amounts of such items.

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+ Details

NOVADEL PHARMA INC 10-Q