Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a comprehensive presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair statement of the financial position, operating results and cash flows for the periods presented.

Emerging Growth Company

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such an election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of these unaudited condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period.

Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had $8,670 and $47,046 in cash outside of the funds held in the Trust Account, as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Marketable Securities Held in Trust Account

The assets held in the Trust Account were held in U.S. government treasury obligations with maturities of 185 days or less, which were invested in U.S. Treasury securities. Trading securities are presented on the balance sheet at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Earnings on these securities were included in realized gain on investments held in Trust Account in the accompanying unaudited condensed statements of operations.

Financial Instruments

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the balance sheet. The Company’s derivative financial instruments are accounted for as liabilities, and the derivative instrument is recorded at its fair value on the issuance date and is then re-valued at each reporting date. The fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments is evaluated at the end of each reporting period, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. The Company had no other financial assets or liabilities that were required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for sale of an asset or paid for transfer of a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). These tiers include:

Level 1 - Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access. Valuation adjustments and block discounts are not applied. Since valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market, valuation of these securities does not entail a significant degree of judgment.

Level 2 - Valuations based on (i) quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, (ii) quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets, (iii) inputs other than quoted prices for the assets of liabilities, that are observable, or (iv) inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by market data through correlation or other means.

Level 3 - Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement.

Net Income (Loss) per Ordinary Share

The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share.” Net income (loss) per ordinary share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of ordinary share outstanding during the period. The Company did not have any dilutive securities and other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into ordinary shares and then share in the earnings of the Company. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company has not considered the effect of the warrants sold in the Initial Public Offering and Private Placements to purchase Class A Ordinary Shares in the calculation of diluted income (loss) per share, since their inclusion is contingent on a future event. As a result, diluted income (loss) per share is the same as basic income (loss) per share for the periods presented.

A reconciliation of the income (loss) per share is below:

	For The Three Months Ended September 30, 2024			For The Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Net income	$	813,995		$	1,766,214
Accretion of temporary equity in excess of fair value		(918,691	)		(3,260,877	)
Net loss including accretion of temporary equity in excess of fair value	$	(104,696	)	$	(1,494,663	)

	For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024			For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Net income	$	4,283,432		$	7,453,331
Accretion of temporary equity in excess of fair value		(7,177,010	)		(8,801,882	)
Net loss including accretion of temporary equity in excess of fair value	$	(2,893,578	)	$	(1,348,551	)

The Company’s statements of operations include a presentation of income (loss) per share for shares of ordinary shares subject to possible redemption in a manner similar to the two-class method of earnings per share. With respect to the accretion of the Class A Ordinary Shares subject to possible redemption and consistent with ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity,” in accordance with ASC 480-10-S99-3A, the Company has treated the accretion in excess of fair value in the same manner as a dividend, to the extent the redemption value exceeds the fair value, in the calculation of the net income (loss) per ordinary share.

	For The Three Months Ended September 30, 2024						For The Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Class A - Temporary Equity			Class B			Class A - Temporary Equity			Class B

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share
Numerator
Allocation of net loss including accretion of temporary equity in excess of fair value	$	(46,201	)	$	(58,496	)	$	(1,114,896	)	$	(379,767	)
Deemed dividend for accretion of temporary equity in excess of fair value		918,691			-			3,260,877			-
Allocation of net income (loss) and deemed dividend	$	872,490		$	(58,496	)	$	2,145,981		$	(379,767	)
Denominator
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted		4,541,424			5,750,000			16,880,481			5,750,000
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.19		$	(0.01	)	$	0.13		$	(0.07	)

	For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024						For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Class A - Temporary Equity			Class B			Class A - Temporary Equity			Class B

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share
Numerator
Allocation of net loss including accretion of temporary equity in excess of fair value	$	(1,954,734	)	$	(938,844	)	$	(1,053,287	)	$	(295,264	)
Deemed dividend for accretion of temporary equity in excess of fair value		7,177,010			-			8,801,882			-
Allocation of net income (loss) and deemed dividend	$	5,222,276		$	(938,844	)	$	7,748,595		$	(295,264	)
Denominator
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted		11,971,878			5,750,000			20,511,844			5,750,000
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share	$	0.44		$	(0.16	)	$	0.38		$	(0.05	)

Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption

The Company accounts for its Class A Ordinary Shares subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC 480.

Conditionally redeemable ordinary shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, ordinary shares are classified as shareholders’ equity. The Company’s Class A Ordinary Shares feature contains certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to the occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, Class A Ordinary Shares subject to possible redemption are classified as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ equity section of the Company’s balance sheets. Accordingly, as of September 30, 2024, 4,541,424 Class A Ordinary Shares subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ deficit section of the Company’s balance sheets.

The Class A Ordinary Shares subject to possible redemption are subject to the subsequent measurement guidance in ASC 480-10-S99. Under such guidance, the Company must subsequently measure the shares to their redemption amount because, as a result of the allocation of net proceeds to transaction costs, the initial carrying amount of the ordinary shares is less than $10.00 per share. In accordance with the guidance, the Company has elected to measure the ordinary shares subject to possible redemption to their redemption amount (i.e., $10.30 per share) immediately as if the end of the first reporting period after the IPO, March 14, 2022, was the redemption date. Such changes are reflected in additional paid-in capital, or in the absence of additional paid-in capital, in accumulated deficit. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded an accretion of $7,177,010.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company evaluates its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives in accordance with ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value on the issuance date and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the statements of operations. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement or conversion of the instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date.

Derivative Warrant Liabilities

The Company accounts for warrants as either equity-classified or liability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms and applicable authoritative guidance in ASC 480 and ASC 815. The assessment considers whether the warrants are freestanding financial instruments pursuant to ASC 480, meet the definition of a liability pursuant to ASC 480, and whether the warrants meet all of the requirements for equity classification under ASC 815, including whether the warrants are indexed to the Company’s own ordinary shares, among other conditions for equity classification. This assessment, which requires the use of professional judgment, is conducted at the time of warrant issuance and as of each subsequent quarterly period end date while the warrants are outstanding.

For issued or modified warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For issued or modified warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are required to be recorded at their initial fair value on the date of issuance, and each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss under the caption change in fair value of derivative warrant liabilities on the statements of operations. The warrants were valued using a Monte Carlo simulation model until the Class A ordinary shares and warrants began trading separately on May 4, 2022. Since May 4, 2022, the Public Warrants have been measured using the listed market price and the Private Placement Warrants have been measured by reference to the trading price of the Public Warrants.

The Class A Ordinary Shares and warrants comprising the units began separate trading on the 52nd day following the date of the IPO. No fractional warrants issued upon separation of the units and only whole warrants will trade. Accordingly, unless a multiple of two units is purchased, the number of warrants issuable to you upon separation of the units will be rounded down to the nearest whole number of warrants.

Additionally, the units will automatically separate into their component parts and will not be traded after completion of the Initial Business Combination.

Share-based Compensation

The Company accounts for Founder Shares issued to its independent directors in accordance with SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin 5T and ASC 718, “Compensation-Stock Compensation.” The fair value of the Founder Shares issued in this arrangement was determined using the implied stock price as of the date of Initial Public Offering of the Company’s Class A ordinary shares and the probability of the success of the Business Combination.

Offering Costs

Offering costs consist of legal, accounting, underwriting and other costs incurred that are directly related to the IPO. Upon the completion of the IPO, the offering costs were allocated using the relative fair values of the Company’s Class A Ordinary Shares and its Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants. The costs allocated to warrants were recognized in other expenses and those related to the Company’s Class A Ordinary Shares were charged against the carrying value of Class A Ordinary Shares.

Underwriting Fees Waiver

The waiver of the deferred underwriting fees liability is allocated between the instruments issued at the Initial Public Offering. A portion of the deferred underwriting fees waived are allocated to income for the amounts previously allocated to the fair value of liability instruments issued, which was initially expensed. The remaining deferred underwriting fees waived are recorded in accumulated deficit with a related increase in income available to Class B Ordinary Shares for the amounts previously recognized as a deemed dividend that reduced the net income available to Class B Ordinary Shares (as the Class A Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption were accreted to their maximum redemption amount).

Income Taxes

The Company follows the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the unaudited condensed financial statements carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that included the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

ASC 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company’s management determined that the Cayman Islands is the Company’s only major tax jurisdiction. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts were accrued for the payment of interest and penalties.

There is currently no taxation imposed on income by the Government of the Cayman Islands. In accordance with Cayman income tax regulations, income taxes are not levied on the Company. U.S. taxation could be imposed if the Company is engaged in a U.S. trade or business. The Company is not expected to be treated as engaged in a U.S. trade or business at this time. Additionally, given the nature of the investment income generated from the funds held in the trust account, it is not subject to tax withholdings in the U.S. Moreover, the Company determined that no income tax liability would arise from any other jurisdictions outside of the Cayman Islands. Consequently, income taxes are not reflected in the Company’s unaudited condensed financial statements.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the Federal Depository Insurance Coverage. The Company has not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The Company’s management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements.

Patria Latin American Opportunity Acquisition Corp. 10-Q