Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2025

Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations

Dream Homes & Development Corporation is a regional builder and developer of new single and multi-family homes and subdivisions, as well as a market leader in real estate development. Operations include custom homes, Build to Lease, Build for Sale and Sale of Improved Lots to national builders.

History

Dream Homes & Development Corporation was originally incorporated as The Virtual Learning Company, Inc. (“Virtual Learning”) on January 6, 2009 as a Nevada corporation with 75,000,000 shares of capital stock authorized, of which 70,000,000 shares are common shares ($.001 par value), and 5,000,000 shares are preferred shares ($.001 par value).

On March 14, 2017, Virtual Learning changed its name to Dream Homes & Development Corporation (“DHDC”). DHDC maintains a web site at www.dreamhomesltd.com.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of DHDC and its wholly owned subsidiaries, partnerships and other entities which the Company has a controlling interest and variable interest entities in which the Company is deemed the primary beneficiary (collectively, the “Company”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over an estimated useful life of five years. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred, and renewals and betterments are capitalized.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as the price that we would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. In determining fair value, GAAP establishes a three-level hierarchy used in measuring fair value, as follows:

	●	Level 1 inputs are quoted prices available for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.

	●	Level 2 inputs are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

●

Level 3 inputs are less observable and reflect our own assumptions.

Our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses and loans payable to related parties. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and loans payable to related parties approximates fair value because of their short maturities.

Construction Contracts

Revenue recognition: The Company recognizes construction contract revenue using the percentage-of-completion method, based primarily on contract cost incurred to date compared to total estimated contract cost. Cost of revenue includes an allocation of general overhead cost. Changes to total estimated contract cost or losses, if any, are recognized in the period in which they are determined.

The Company generally provides limited warranties for work performed under its construction contracts with periods typically extending for a limited duration following substantial completion of the Company’s work on a project.

The Company classifies construction-related receivables and payables that may be settled in periods exceeding one year from the balance sheet date, if any, as current assets and liabilities consistent with the length of time of its project operating cycle. For example:

	●	Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings represent the excess of contract costs and profits (or contract revenue) over the amount of contract billings to date and are classified as a current asset.

	●	Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings represent the excess of contract billings to date over the amount of contract costs and profits (or contract revenue) recognized to date and are classified as a current liability.

Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings result when either: 1) costs are incurred related to certain claims and unapproved change orders, or 2) the appropriate contract revenue amount has been recognized in accordance with the percentage-of-completion accounting method, but a portion of the revenue recorded cannot be billed currently due to the billing terms defined in the contract. Claims occur when there is a dispute regarding both a change in the scope of work and the price associated with that change. Unapproved change orders occur when there is a dispute regarding only the price associated with a change in scope of work. For both claims and unapproved change orders, the Company recognizes revenue, but not profit, when it is determined that recovery of incurred cost is probable and the amounts can be reliably estimated.

Change in Estimates:

The Company’s estimates of contract revenue and cost are highly detailed and many factors change during a contract performance period that result in a change to contract profitability. These factors include, but are not limited to, differing site conditions: availability of skilled contract labor: performance of major material suppliers and subcontractors: on-going subcontractor negotiations and buyout provisions: unusual weather conditions: changes in the timing of scheduled work: change orders: accuracy of the original bid estimate: changes in estimated labor productivity and costs based on experience to date: achievement of incentive-based income targets: and the expected, or actual, resolution terms for claims. The factors that cause changes in estimates vary depending on the maturation of the project within its lifecycle. For example, in the ramp-up phase, these factors typically consist of revisions in anticipated project costs and during the peak and close-out phases, these factors include the impact of change orders and claims as well as additional revisions in remaining anticipated project costs. Generally, if the contract is at an early stage of completion, the current period impact is smaller than if the same change in estimate is made to the contract at a later stage of completion. Management focuses on evaluating the performance of contracts individually and uses the cumulative catch-up method to account for revisions in estimates. Material changes in estimates are disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Concentrations:

At December 31, 2025, three customers comprised 45%, 21% and 14% of accounts receivable. At December 31, 2024, three customers comprised 50%, 23% and 12% of accounts receivable.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax reporting purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the provision for income tax in the statements of operations. The Company evaluates the probability of realizing the future benefits of its deferred tax assets and provides a valuation allowance when realization of the assets is not reasonably assured.

The Company recognizes in its financial statements the impact of tax positions that meet a “more likely than not” threshold, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement.

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

Basic net income (basic net loss) per common share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.

Diluted net income (loss) per common share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and potentially dilutive securities outstanding during the period.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires public companies to annually (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income or loss by the applicable statutory income tax rate). ASU 2023-09 will be effective for the annual reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2023-09 and does not expect it to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

Certain other accounting pronouncements have been issued by the FASB and other standard setting organizations which are not yet effective and therefore have not yet been adopted by the Company. The impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations from adoption of these standards is not expected to be material.

Dream Homes & Development Corp. 10-K