3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements
Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation	The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Brekford Corp. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Municipal Recovery Agency, LLC (“MRA”). Intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation. MRA was dissolved in August 2016.
Use of Estimates	The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. In the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, estimates are used for, but not limited to, stock-based compensation, allowance for doubtful accounts, sales returns, allowance for inventory obsolescence, fair value of long-lived assets, deferred taxes and valuation allowance, and the depreciable lives of fixed assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Reclassifications	Certain amounts in prior-year financial statements have been reclassified for comparative purposes to conform to the presentation in the current year financial statements.
Concentration of Credit Risk	The Company maintains cash accounts with major financial institutions. From time to time, amounts deposited may exceed the FDIC insured limits.
Accounts Receivables	Accounts receivable are carried at estimated net realizable value. The Company has a policy of reserving for uncollectable accounts based on its best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in its existing accounts receivable. The Company calculates the allowance based on a specific analysis of past due balances. Past due status for a particular customer is based on how recently payments have been received from that customer. Historically, the Company’s actual collection experience has not differed significantly from its estimates, due primarily to credit and collections practices and the financial strength of its customers.
Inventory	Inventory principally consists of hardware and third party packaged software that is modified to conform to customer specifications and held temporarily until the completion of a contract. Inventory is valued at the lower of cost or market value. The cost is determined by the lower of first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method, while market value is determined by replacement cost for raw materials and parts and net realizable value for work-in- process.
Property and Equipment	Property and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation of furniture, vehicles, computer equipment and software and phone equipment is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives (two to ten years), and leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the lease term (which is three to five years). Management reviews property and equipment for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of the long-lived asset is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets.
Revenue Recognition	For automated traffic safety enforcement revenue, the Company recognizes the revenue when the required collection efforts, from citizens, are completed and posted to the municipality’s account. The respective municipality is then billed depending on the terms of the respective contract, typically 15 days after the preceding month while collections are reconciled. For contracts where the Company receives a percentage of collected fines, revenue is calculated based upon the posted payments from citizens multiplied by the Company’s contractual percentage. For contracts where the Company receives a specific fixed monthly fee regardless of citations issued or collected, revenue is recorded once the amount collected from citizens exceeds the monthly fee per camera. Our fixed fee contracts typically have a revenue neutral provision whereby the municipality’s payment to the Company cannot exceed amounts collected from citizens within a given month.
Share-Based Compensation	The Company complies with the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, in measuring and disclosing stock based compensation cost. The measurement objective in ASC Paragraph 718-10-30-6 requires public companies to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant date fair value of the award. The cost is recognized in expense over the period in which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award (the vesting period). Performance-based awards are expensed ratably from the date that the likelihood of meeting the performance measures is probable through the end of the vesting period.
Treasury Stock	The Company accounts for treasury stock using the cost method. As of March 31, 2017, 10,600 shares of our common stock were held in treasury at an aggregate cost of $5,890.
Income Taxes	The Company uses the liability method to account for income taxes. Income tax expense includes income taxes currently payable and deferred taxes arising from temporary differences between financial reporting and income tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred income taxes are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that are expected to be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. Income tax expense, if any, consists of the taxes payable for the current period. Valuation allowances are established when the realization of deferred tax assets are not considered more likely than not. Due to the Company’s continued losses 100% valuation allowance has been established on all deferred tax assets. The Company files income tax returns with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and with the revenue services of various states. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. The Company believes that it has appropriate support for the income tax positions it takes and expects to take on its tax returns, and that its accruals for tax liabilities are adequate for all open years based on an assessment of many factors including past experience and interpretations of tax law applied to the facts of each matter. In the three months Ended March 31 2017 and 2016, we reported financial results for both operations and discontinued operations. ASC 740-20-45 sets down the general rule for allocating income tax expense or benefit between operations and discontinued operations. The general rule requires the computation of tax expense or benefit by entity taking into consideration all items of income, expense, and tax credits. Next, a computation is made taking into consideration only those items related to continuing operations. Any difference is allocated to items other than continuing operations e.g. discontinued operations. Under these general rules, no tax expense or benefit would be allocated to discontinued operations. An exception to these rules apply under ASC 740-20-45-7 where an entity has 1) a loss from continuing operations and income related to other items such as discontinued operations and 2) the entity would not otherwise recognize a benefit for the loss from continuing operations under the approach described in ASC 740-20-45. This fact pattern applies for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. Application of this rule exception results in the allocation of tax expense to discontinued operations with an offsetting amount of tax benefit reported by the continuing operations. Overall, we allocated $2,132,725 and $0 of tax expense to net income from discontinued operations and an offsetting tax benefit to net loss from continuing operations in the three months ended March 31 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Income (Loss) per Share	Basic income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and does not include the effect of any potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. Diluted income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding, adjusted for the effect of any potentially dilutive common stock equivalents. There is no dilutive effect on the loss per share during loss periods. See Note 13 for the calculation of basic and diluted income (loss) earnings per share.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values based on the short-term maturity of these instruments. The carrying amount of the Company’s promissory note obligations approximate fair value, as the terms of these notes are consistent with terms available in the market for instruments with similar risk. We account for our derivative financial instruments, consisting solely of certain stock purchase warrants that contain non-standard anti-dilutions provisions and/or cash settlement features, and certain conversion options embedded in our convertible instruments, at fair value using Level 3 inputs, which are discussed in Note 8 to these condensed consolidated financial statements. We determine the fair value of these derivative liabilities using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model when appropriate, and in certain circumstances using binomial lattice models or other accepted valuation practices. When determining the fair value of our financial assets and liabilities using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, we are required to use various estimates and unobservable inputs, including, among other things, contractual terms of the instruments, expected volatility of our stock price, expected dividends, and the risk-free interest rate. Changes in any of the assumptions related to the unobservable inputs identified above may change the fair value of the instrument. Increases in expected term, anticipated volatility and expected dividends generally result in increases in fair value, while decreases in the unobservable inputs generally result in decreases in fair value.
Foreign Currency Transactions	The Company has certain revenue and expense transactions with a functional currency in Mexican pesos and the Company's reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. Assets and liabilities are translated from the functional currency to the reporting currency at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date and equity at the historical exchange rates. Revenue and expenses are translated at rates in effect at the time of the transactions. Resulting translation gains and losses are accumulated in a separate component of stockholders' equity - other comprehensive income (loss). Realized foreign currency transaction gains and losses are credited or charged directly to operations.
Segment Reporting	FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, requires that an enterprise report selected information about operating segments in its financial reports issued to its stockholders. Based on its current analysis, management has determined that the Company has only one operating segment, which is Traffic Safety Solutions. The chief operating decision-makers use combined results to make operating and strategic decisions, and, therefore, the Company believes its entire operation is covered under a single segment.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements	In May 2014 the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (May 2014). The topic of Revenue Recognition had become broad with several other regulatory agencies issuing standards, which lacked cohesion. The new guidance established a “comprehensive framework” and “reduces the number of requirements to which an entity must consider in recognizing revenue” and yet provides improved disclosures to assist stakeholders reviewing financial statements. The amendments in this Update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company will adopt the methodologies prescribed by this ASU by the date required. Adoption of the ASU is not expected to have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The FASB has issued ASU No. 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements-Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. ASU 2014-15 is intended to define management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an organization’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. Under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), financial statements are prepared under the presumption that the reporting organization will continue to operate as a going concern, except in limited circumstances. Financial reporting under this presumption is commonly referred to as the going concern basis of accounting. The going concern basis of accounting is critical to financial reporting because it established the fundamental basis for measuring and classifying assets and liabilities. Currently, GAAP lacks guidance about management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt the organization’s ability to continue as a going concern or to provide footnote disclosures. The ASU provides guidance to an organization’s management, with principles and definition that are intended to reduce diversity in the timing and content of disclosures that are commonly provided by organizations today in the financial statement footnotes. The amendments in this update are effective for the annual period ending after December 31, 2016, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. The Company has the adopted the methodologies prescribed by this ASU by the date required and there is no material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, FASB issued ASU-2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." The guidance requires that a lessee recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right of use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. For finance leases: the right-of-use asset and a lease liability will be initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the statement of financial position; interest on the lease liability will be recognized separately from amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statement of comprehensive income; and repayments of the principal portion of the lease liability will be classified within financing activities and payments of interest on the lease liability and variable lease payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. For operating leases: the right-of-use asset and a lease liability will be initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the statement of financial position; a single lease cost will be recognized, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term on a generally straight-line basis; and all cash payments will be classified within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. Under Topic 842 the accounting applied by a lessor is largely unchanged from that applied under previous GAAP. The amendments in Topic 842 are effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2019, including interim periods within that fiscal year. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting the new guidance of the consolidated financial statements. In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"), issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-01, "Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities," which amends the guidance in U.S. generally accepted accounting principles on the classification and measurement of financial instruments. Changes to the current guidance primarily affect the accounting for equity investments, financial liabilities under the fair value option, and the presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments. In addition, the ASU clarifies guidance related to the valuation allowance assessment when recognizing deferred tax assets resulting from unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities. The new standard is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and are to be adopted by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet at the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. Early adoption is not permitted except for the provision to record fair value changes for financial liabilities under the fair value option resulting from instrument-specific credit risk in other comprehensive income. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this standard. In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes," which simplifies the presentation of deferred income taxes by requiring that deferred tax liabilities and assets be classified as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. This ASU is effective for financial statements issued for annual periods beginning after December 16, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods. The adoption of this standard did not have any material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations and disclosures. In July 2015, FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (“ASU 2015-11”), to simplify the guidance on the subsequent measurement of inventory, excluding inventory measured using last-in, first out or the retail inventory method. Under the new standard, inventory should be at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The new accounting guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this standard did not have any material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations and disclosures. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (“ASU 2016-09”), which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions for both public and nonpublic entities, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this standard will not have any impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations and disclosures.

Brekford Corp. 10-Q