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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 001-07436

HSBC USA Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Maryland						13-2764867
(State of incorporation)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, New York						10001
(Address of principal executive offices)						(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code (212) 525-5000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
$100,000,000 Zero Coupon Callable Accreting Notes due January 15, 2043	HUSI/43	New York Stock Exchange
$50,000,000 Zero Coupon Callable Accreting Notes due January 29, 2043	HUSI/43A	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☒

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of ~~October~~April 25, ~~2024~~2025, there were 714 shares of the registrant's common stock outstanding, all of which are owned by HSBC North America Holdings Inc.


HSBC USA Inc.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part/Item No.
Part I		Page
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited):
	Consolidated Statement of Income	3
	Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	4
	Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income	4
	Consolidated Balance Sheet	5
	Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity	7
	Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows	8
	Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations:
	Forward-Looking Statements	7771
	Executive Overview	7973
	Basis of Reporting	8174
	Balance Sheet Review	8275
	Results of Operations	8780
	Segment Results - Group Reporting Basis	9685
	Credit Quality	~~105~~89
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	~~112~~96
	Fair Value	~~116~~100
	Risk Management	~~117~~101
	Consolidated Average Balances and Interest Rates	~~123~~106
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	~~125~~107
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	~~125~~107
Part II
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	~~125~~107
Item 5.	Other Information	~~125~~107
Item 6.	Exhibits	~~127~~109
Signatures		~~128~~110


HSBC USA Inc.

PART I

Item 1. Financial Statements

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Three Months Ended March 31,

2025

2024

2023

2024

2023

(in millions)

Interest income:

Loans

~~950~~

~~887~~

~~2,782~~876

~~2,551~~899

Securities

~~481~~

~~414~~

~~1,388~~460

~~1,105~~445

Trading securities

~~268~~91

~~181~~85

Short-term investments

~~403~~

~~398~~

~~1,261~~434

~~1,224~~448

Other

5719

5816

Total interest income

~~1,946~~

~~1,792~~

51,~~756~~880

51,~~119~~893

Interest expense:

Deposits

~~1,046~~

~~971~~

~~3,095~~934

21,~~596~~012

Short-term borrowings

~~162~~

~~139~~

~~472~~126

~~359~~154

Long-term debt

~~282~~

~~297~~

~~865~~280

~~843~~285

Other

4714

3216

Total interest expense

~~1,507~~

~~1,420~~

41,~~479~~354

31,~~830~~467

Net interest income

~~439~~

~~372~~

~~1,277~~526

~~1,289~~426

Provision for credit losses

~~(13)~~

~~(8)~~

36118

482

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

~~452~~

~~380~~

~~1,241~~408

~~1,241~~424

Other revenues:

Credit card fees, net

4214

3615

Trust and investment management fees

~~107~~41

9636

Other fees and commissions

~~157~~

~~170~~

~~503~~165

~~475~~176

Trading revenue

~~208~~

~~277~~

~~717~~193

~~730~~276

Other securities gains (losses), net

(148)

—

(138)

Other securities gains, net

Servicing and other fees from HSBC affiliates

~~280~~102

~~238~~88

Gain (loss) on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives

~~(3)~~

~~(9)~~

(333)

(2920)

Other income (loss)

~~(30)~~

~~(54)~~

~~(68)~~1

(~~131~~34)

Total other revenues

~~334~~

~~517~~

~~1,410~~516

~~1,418~~539

Operating expenses:

Salaries and employee benefits

~~145~~

~~134~~

~~423~~148

~~393~~135

Support services from HSBC affiliates

~~428~~

~~426~~

~~1,246~~404

~~1,235~~399

Occupancy expense, net

5312

5918

Other expenses

~~318~~96

~~247~~133

Total operating expenses

~~671~~

~~658~~

~~2,040~~660

~~1,934~~685

Income before income tax

~~115~~

~~239~~

~~611~~264

~~725~~278

Income tax expense

~~129~~63

~~175~~53

Net income

~~182~~

~~482~~201

~~550~~225

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


HSBC USA Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (~~LOSS) (~~UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Three Months Ended March 31,					2025		2024
	2024		2023		2024		2023
					(in millions)
	(in millions)
Net income					$	201	$	225
Net income	$	88	$	182	$	482	$	550
Net change in unrealized gains (losses), net of tax:
Investment securities	~~550~~		~~(346)~~		~~360~~189		(~~205~~107)
Fair value option liabilities attributable to our own credit spread	4		~~(8)~~		~~(37)~~3		(937)
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges	~~(107)~~		60		(4379)		~~109~~36
Pension and post-retirement benefit plans	(1)		(1)		(1)		(1)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)					113		(108)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	446		(295)		279		(106)
Comprehensive income					$	314	$	117
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	534	$	(113)	$	761	$	444

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


HSBC USA Inc.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (UNAUDITED)

	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Assets(1)
Cash and due from banks	$	~~725~~888	$	~~704~~621
Interest bearing deposits with banks	28,~~334~~414		2522,~~015~~625
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell	410,~~310~~379		1314,~~878~~313
Trading assets (includes $3.4 billion and $3.0 billion pledged to creditors at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)	21,707		22,115
Trading assets (includes $3.8 billion and $3.6 billion pledged to creditors at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)	18,670		21,231
Securities available-for-sale (includes amortized cost of $27.7 billion and $28.0 billion at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, an allowance for credit losses of nil at both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, and $1.6 billion and $0.2 billion pledged to creditors at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)	25,942		25,696
Securities available-for-sale (includes amortized cost of $28.1 billion and $27.2 billion at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, an allowance for credit losses of nil at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, and $1.4 billion and $0.6 billion pledged to creditors at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)	26,021		24,937
Securities held-to-maturity, net of allowance for credit losses of nil at both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (fair value of $17.0 billion and $14.7 billion at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)	17,238		15,076
Securities held-to-maturity, net of allowance for credit losses of nil at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (fair value of $17.6 billion and $17.0 billion at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)	18,139		17,798
Loans (includes $12 million and $15 million designated under fair value option at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)	62,014		58,987
Loans (includes $10 million and $11 million designated under fair value option at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)	63,414		62,753
Less – allowance for credit losses	~~547~~634		~~591~~537
Loans, net	6162,~~467~~780		5862,~~396~~216
Loans held for sale (includes $673 million and $250 million designated under fair value option at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)	744		339
Loans held for sale (includes $519 million and $395 million designated under fair value option at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)	594		406
Properties and equipment, net	7065		7173
Goodwill	458		458
Other assets, net of allowance for credit losses of nil at both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (includes nil and $10 million designated under fair value option at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)	6,804		6,490
Other assets, net of allowance for credit losses of nil at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (includes nil and $16 million designated under fair value option at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)	6,033		6,053
Total assets	$	~~167~~172,~~799~~441	$	~~168~~170,~~238~~731
Liabilities(1)
Debt:
Domestic deposits:
Noninterest bearing	$	2120,~~934~~303	$	2321,~~421~~251
Interest bearing (includes $2.6 billion and $1.8 billion designated under fair value option at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)	95,977		92,604
Interest bearing (includes $4.9 billion and $4.0 billion designated under fair value option at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)	98,250		96,656
Foreign deposits - interest bearing	57,~~462~~171		5,~~258~~443
Total deposits	~~123~~125,~~373~~724		~~121~~123,~~283~~350
Short-term borrowings	7,~~653~~564		97,~~914~~352
Long-term debt (includes $7.1 billion and $7.5 billion designated under fair value option at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)	18,410		18,661
Long-term debt (includes $7.5 billion and $7.9 billion designated under fair value option at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)	20,668		20,717
Total debt	~~149~~153,~~436~~956		~~149~~151,~~858~~419
Trading liabilities	2,~~837~~669		3,~~485~~907
Interest, taxes and other liabilities (includes nil and $10 million designated under fair value option at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)	3,140		3,256
Interest, taxes and other liabilities (includes nil and $16 million designated under fair value option at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively)	3,020		2,916
Total liabilities	~~155~~159,~~413~~645		~~156~~158,~~599~~242
Equity
Preferred stock (no par value; 40,999,000 shares authorized; 265 shares issued and outstanding at both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023)	265		265
Preferred stock (no par value; 40,999,000 shares authorized; 265 shares issued and outstanding at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024)	265		265
Common equity:
Common stock ($5 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorized; 714 shares issued and outstanding at both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023)	—		—
Common stock ($5 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorized; 714 shares issued and outstanding at both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024)	—		—
Additional paid-in capital	12,~~734~~720		12,~~740~~727
Retained earnings	1,~~034~~470		~~560~~1,269
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,~~647~~659)		(1,~~926~~772)
Total common equity	12,~~121~~531		1112,~~374~~224
Total equity	12,~~386~~796		1112,~~639~~489
Total liabilities and equity	$	~~167~~172,~~799~~441	$	~~168~~170,~~238~~731


HSBC USA Inc.

(1)The following table summarizes assets and liabilities related to our consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs") at ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024. Assets and liabilities exclude intercompany balances that eliminate in consolidation. See Note 15, "Variable Interest Entities," for additional information.

	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Assets
Other assets	$	139	$	2311
Total assets	$	139	$	2311
Liabilities
Interest, taxes and other liabilities	$	2116	$	174
Total liabilities	$	2116	$	174

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


HSBC USA Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

Three Months Ended September 30,	2024		2023
Three Months Ended March 31,	2025		2024
	(in millions)
Preferred stock
Balance at beginning and end of period	$	265	$	265
Common stock
Balance at beginning and end of period	—		—
Additional paid-in capital
Balance at beginning of period	12,~~736~~727		12,~~735~~740
Gain on transfer of certain precious metals trading and financing activities to an affiliate, net of tax	—		8
Employee benefit plans	(7)		—
Employee benefit plans	(2)		(2)
Balance at end of period	12,720		12,740
Balance at end of period	12,734		12,741
Retained earnings
Balance at beginning of period	~~946~~1,269		~~1,043~~560
Net income	88201		~~182~~225
Balance at end of period	1,~~034~~470		~~1,225~~785
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Balance at beginning of period	(21,~~093~~772)		(21,~~386~~926)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	~~446~~113		(~~295~~108)
Balance at end of period	(1,~~647~~659)		(2,~~681~~034)
Total common equity	12,~~121~~531		11,~~285~~491
Total equity	$	12,~~386~~796	$	11,~~550~~756
Nine Months Ended September 30,	2024		2023
	(in millions)
Preferred stock
Balance at beginning and end of period	$	265	$	265
Common stock
Balance at beginning and end of period	—		—
Additional paid-in capital
Balance at beginning of period	12,740		12,740
Gain on transfer of certain precious metals trading and financing activities to an affiliate, net of tax	—		8
Employee benefit plans	(6)		(7)
Balance at end of period	12,734		12,741
Retained earnings
Balance at beginning of period	560		1,683
Net income	482		550
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock	(8)		(8)
Cash dividends declared on common stock	—		(1,000)
Balance at end of period	1,034		1,225
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Balance at beginning of period	(1,926)		(2,575)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	279		(106)
Balance at end of period	(1,647)		(2,681)
Total common equity	12,121		11,285
Total equity	$	12,386	$	11,550

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


HSBC USA Inc.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2024

2023

Three Months Ended March 31,

2025

2024

(in millions)

Cash flows from operating activities

Net income

~~482~~201

~~550~~225

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization

(368)

19(16)

Provision for credit losses

36118

482

Net realized losses (gains) on securities available-for-sale

138

(3)

Net realized gains on securities available-for-sale

(3)

(2)

Net change in other assets and liabilities

(~~870~~562)

~~704~~305

Net change in loans held for sale:

Originations and purchases of loans held for sale

(~~658~~335)

(~~338~~87)

Sales and collections of loans held for sale

~~187~~202

~~284~~74

Net change in trading assets and liabilities

~~(240)~~1,201

12,~~857~~276

Lower of amortized cost or fair value adjustments on loans held for sale

~~(3)~~—

31(2)

Loss on instruments designated at fair value and related derivatives

333

2920

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

(931)

3,181

Net cash provided by operating activities

817

2,795

Cash flows from investing activities

Net change in federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell

93,~~568~~934

155,~~336~~572

Securities available-for-sale:

Purchases of securities available-for-sale

(63,~~517~~250)

(32,~~293~~320)

Proceeds from sales of securities available-for-sale

41,~~317~~846

~~681~~1,075

Proceeds from paydowns and maturities of securities available-for-sale

~~2,727~~916

~~3,954~~970

Securities held-to-maturity:

Purchases of securities held-to-maturity

(~~3,039~~694)

(~~7,267~~464)

Proceeds from paydowns and maturities of securities held-to-maturity

~~914~~366

~~641~~259

Change in loans:

Originations, net of collections

(~~5,326~~797)

~~790~~(1,745)

Loans sold to third parties

~~2,395~~146

~~547~~861

Net cash provided by (used for) sales (acquisitions) of properties and equipment

~~(9)~~5

1(8)

Cash received on transfer of certain precious metals trading and financing activities to an affiliate

—

Other, net

(31)

(25)

Other, net

(94)

(35)

Net cash provided by investing activities

2,441

4,175

Net cash provided by investing activities

4,936

11,365

Cash flows from financing activities

Net change in deposits

2,~~007~~382

~~(3,227)~~766

Debt:

Net change in short-term borrowings

~~(2,261)~~271

(2,~~089~~881)

Issuance of long-term debt

52,~~267~~481

32,~~471~~331

Repayment of long-term debt

(52,~~664~~329)

(31,~~002~~523)

Other decreases in capital surplus

(67)

~~(7)~~—

Dividends paid

(8)

(1,008)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

2,798

(1,307)

Net cash used in financing activities

(665)

(1,684)

Net change in cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits with banks

6,056

5,663

Net change in cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits with banks

3,340

12,862

Cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits with banks at beginning of period

23,246

25,719

Cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits with banks at beginning of period

25,719

18,748

Cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits with banks at end of period

29,302

31,382

Cash and due from banks and interest bearing deposits with banks at end of period

29,059

31,610

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


HSBC USA Inc.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

Note		Page	Note		Page
1	Organization and Presentation	9	11	Fee Income from Contracts with Customers	4540
2	Trading Assets and Liabilities	10	12	Related Party Transactions	4641
3	Securities	11	13	Business Segments	4944
4	Loans	15	14	Retained Earnings and Regulatory Capital Requirements	5147
5	Allowance for Credit Losses	3027	15	Variable Interest Entities	5248
6	Loans Held for Sale	3330	16	Guarantee Arrangements, Pledged Assets and Repurchase Agreements	5450
7	Goodwill	3430	17	Fair Value Measurements	5955
8	Derivative Financial Instruments	3431	18	Litigation and Regulatory Matters	7569
9	Fair Value Option	4037	19	New Accounting Pronouncements	7670
10	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	4339

1. Organization and Presentation

HSBC USA Inc. ("HSBC USA"), incorporated under the laws of Maryland, is a New York State based bank holding company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of HSBC North America Holdings Inc. ("HSBC North America"), which is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of HSBC Holdings plc ("HSBC" and, together with its subsidiaries, "HSBC Group"). The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of HSBC USA and its subsidiaries (collectively "HUSI") have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X, as well as in accordance with predominant practices within the banking industry. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. HSBC USA's principal U.S. banking subsidiary is HSBC Bank USA, National Association (together with its subsidiaries, "HSBC Bank USA"). In the opinion of management, all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement of financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods have been made. HUSI may also be referred to in these notes to the consolidated financial statements as "we," "us" or "our." These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2023~~2024 (the "~~2023~~2024 Form 10-K").

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and disclosures. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Interim results should not be considered indicative of results in future periods.


HSBC USA Inc.

2. Trading Assets and Liabilities

Trading assets and liabilities consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Trading assets:
U.S. Treasury	$	43,~~038~~779	$	3,~~564~~676
U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed	1		1
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises	1,~~228~~189		1,~~207~~166
Foreign bonds	~~759~~399		~~4,019~~783
Equity securities	1412,~~344~~213		1113,~~702~~844
Precious metals	~~160~~93		~~346~~163
Derivatives, net	~~1,177~~996		1,~~276~~598
Total trading assets	$	2118,~~707~~670	$	2221,~~115~~231
Trading liabilities:
Securities sold, not yet purchased	$	1,~~528~~680	$	1,~~688~~489
Payables for precious metals	~~238~~6		~~301~~70
Derivatives, net	~~1,071~~983		12,~~496~~348
Total trading liabilities	$	2,~~837~~669	$	3,~~485~~907

At ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024, the fair value of derivatives included in trading assets is net of $~~889~~2,344 million and $12,~~416~~813 million, respectively, relating to amounts recognized for the obligation to return cash collateral received under master netting agreements with derivative counterparties.

At ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024, the fair value of derivatives included in trading liabilities is net of $1,~~511~~178 million and $1,~~321~~291 million, respectively, relating to amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral paid under master netting agreements with derivative counterparties.

See Note 8, "Derivative Financial Instruments," for further information on our trading derivatives and related collateral.

Dividend income on equity securities held for trading, which is recorded in interest income in the consolidated statement of income, totaled $4642 million ~~and $133 million~~ during both the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024,~~2025 ~~respectively, compared with $41 million~~ and ~~$111 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively~~2024. Trading security positions are primarily held as economic hedges of derivative products issued to our clients.


HSBC USA Inc.

3. Securities

Our securities available-for-sale and securities held-to-maturity portfolios consisted of the following:

September 30, 2024	AmortizedCost		Allowance for Credit Losses		UnrealizedGains		UnrealizedLosses		FairValue
March 31, 2025	AmortizedCost		Allowance for Credit Losses		UnrealizedGains		UnrealizedLosses		FairValue
	(in millions)
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury	$	910,~~318~~958	$	—	$	139	$	(~~219~~174)	$	910,~~112~~793
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities	3,~~325~~213		—		—		(~~565~~651)		2,~~760~~562
Collateralized mortgage obligations	1,~~349~~301		—		—		(~~265~~284)		1,~~084~~017
Direct agency obligations	~~1,406~~543		—		13		(76)		~~1,400~~540
U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed:
Mortgage-backed securities	5,~~430~~178		—		2—		(~~318~~443)		54,~~114~~735
Collateralized mortgage obligations	2,~~668~~544		—		—		(~~438~~480)		2,~~230~~064
Direct agency obligations	~~167~~159		—		34		—		~~170~~163
Asset-backed securities collateralized by:
Home equity	11		—		—		(1)		10
Home equity mortgages	10		—		—		(1)		9
Other	102		—		—		(10)		92
Corporate loans	50		—		—		—		50
Foreign debt securities(1)	3,970		—		1		(1)		3,970
Other	95		—		—		(10)		85
Total available-for-sale securities	$	27,746	$	—	$	20	$	(1,824)	$	25,942
Foreign debt securities(1)	4,003		—		1		(1)		4,003
Total available-for-sale securities	$	28,054	$	—	$	17	$	(2,050)	$	26,021
Securities held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury	$	2,~~797~~817	$	—	$	71	$	(637)	$	2,~~798~~781
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities	~~1,020~~906		—		—		(4660)		~~974~~846
Collateralized mortgage obligations	~~257~~233		—		43		(1011)		~~251~~225
U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed:
Mortgage-backed securities	1112,~~594~~727		—		9227		(~~130~~295)		1112,~~556~~459
Collateralized mortgage obligations	1,~~567~~454		—		—		(~~113~~131)		1,~~454~~323
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions	32		—		—		—		32
Total held-to-maturity securities	$	1718,~~238~~139	$	—	$	~~103~~31	$	(~~305~~534)	$	17,~~036~~636


HSBC USA Inc.

December 31, 2023	AmortizedCost		Allowance for Credit Losses		UnrealizedGains		UnrealizedLosses		FairValue
December 31, 2024	AmortizedCost		Allowance for Credit Losses		UnrealizedGains		UnrealizedLosses		FairValue
	(in millions)
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury	$	710,~~489~~250	$	—	$	227	$	(~~225~~205)	$	710,~~286~~052
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities	53,~~864~~242		—		—		(~~845~~691)		52,~~019~~551
Collateralized mortgage obligations	1,~~436~~324		—		—		(~~300~~309)		1,~~136~~015
Direct agency obligations	~~1,719~~730		—		—1		(388)		~~1,681~~723
U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed:
Mortgage-backed securities	5,~~804~~286		—		1—		(~~378~~543)		54,~~427~~743
Collateralized mortgage obligations	2,~~865~~602		—		—		(~~506~~528)		2,~~359~~074
Direct agency obligations	~~215~~156		—		35		~~(3)~~—		~~215~~161
Asset-backed securities collateralized by:
Home equity	13		—		—		(1)		12
Home equity mortgages	11		—		—		(1)		10
Other	~~103~~98		—		—		(11)		9287
Foreign debt securities(1)	23,~~472~~522		—		—1		(32)		23,~~469~~521
Total available-for-sale securities	$	27,~~980~~221	$	—	$	2614	$	(2,~~310~~298)	$	2524,~~696~~937
Securities held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury	$	12,~~917~~807	$	—	$	1—	$	(1886)	$	12,~~900~~721
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises:
Mortgage-backed securities	~~1,069~~920		—		—		(6877)		~~1,001~~843
Collateralized mortgage obligations	~~297~~245		—		32		(1613)		~~284~~234
U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed:
Mortgage-backed securities	1012,~~043~~313		—		436		(~~180~~449)		911,~~906~~870
Collateralized mortgage obligations	1,~~745~~511		—		—		(152)		1,~~593~~359
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions	42		—		—		—		42
Asset-backed securities collateralized by residential mortgages	1		—		—		—		1
Total held-to-maturity securities	$	17,798	$	—	$	8	$	(777)	$	17,029
Total held-to-maturity securities	$	15,076	$	—	$	47	$	(434)	$	14,689

(1)Foreign debt securities represent public sector entity, bank or corporate debt.

Securities Available-for-Sale The following provides additional information about our portfolio of securities available-for-sale:

Allowance for credit losses On a quarterly basis, we perform an assessment to determine whether there have been any events or economic circumstances to indicate that a debt security available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position has suffered impairment due to credit factors. A debt security available-for-sale is considered impaired if its fair value is less than its amortized cost basis at the reporting date. If impaired, we assess whether the impairment is due to credit factors.

If we intend to sell the debt security or if it is more-likely-than-not that we will be required to sell the debt security before the recovery of its amortized cost basis, the impairment is recognized and the unrealized loss is recorded as a direct write-down of the security's amortized cost basis with an offsetting charge to earnings. If we do not intend to sell the debt security or believe we will not be required to sell the debt security before the recovery of its amortized cost basis, the impairment is assessed to determine if a credit loss component exists. We use a discounted cash flow method to determine the credit loss component. In the event a credit loss exists, an allowance for credit losses is recorded in earnings for the credit loss component of the impairment while the remaining portion of the impairment attributable to factors other than credit loss is recognized, net of tax, in other comprehensive income (loss). The amount of impairment recognized due to credit factors is limited to the excess of the amortized cost basis over the fair value of the security available-for-sale.

In determining whether a credit loss component exists, we consider a series of factors which include:

•The extent to which the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis;

•The credit protection features embedded within the instrument, which include but are not limited to credit subordination positions, payment structure, overcollateralization, protective triggers and financial guarantees provided by third parties;


HSBC USA Inc.

•Changes in the near term prospects of the issuer or the underlying collateral of a security such as changes in default rates, loss severities given default and significant changes in prepayment assumptions;

•The level of excess cash flows generated from the underlying collateral supporting the principal and interest payments of the debt securities; and

•Any adverse change to the credit conditions of the issuer, the monoline insurer or the security such as credit downgrades by external rating agencies or changes to internal ratings.

At both ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024, the allowance for credit losses on securities available-for-sale was nil.

Securities in an unrealized loss position for which no allowance for credit losses has been recognized The following table summarizes gross unrealized losses and related fair values for securities available-for-sale by major security type at ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024 classified as to the length of time the losses have existed:

	One Year or Less					Greater Than One Year
	NumberofSecurities	GrossUnrealizedLosses		AggregateFair Valueof Investment		NumberofSecurities	GrossUnrealizedLosses		AggregateFair Valueof Investment
	(dollars are in millions)
At September 30, 2024
At March 31, 2025
U.S. Treasury	1216	$	(96)	$	35,~~118~~017	3839	$	(~~210~~168)	$	4,~~288~~313
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises	1—	—		71—		~~143~~134	(~~837~~941)		43,~~735~~758
U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed	—4	—(17)		—525		137	(~~756~~906)		6,~~794~~293
Asset-backed securities	—1	—		—50		6	(11)		~~103~~95
Foreign debt securities	1817	(1)		12,~~530~~528		1	—		50100
Securities available-for-sale	3138	$	(1024)	$	48,~~719~~120	~~325~~317	$	(12,~~814~~026)	$	1514,~~970~~559
At December 31, 2023
At December 31, 2024
U.S. Treasury	314	$	(115)	$	13,~~008~~402	4138	$	(~~224~~190)	$	4,~~906~~055
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises	2—	—		80—		~~293~~137	(1,~~183~~008)		73,~~701~~871
U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed	—4	—(28)		—526		~~151~~137	(~~887~~1,043)		76,~~765~~311
Asset-backed securities	—	—		—		6	(12)		~~104~~97
Foreign debt securities	1722	(12)		12,~~801~~534		41	~~(2)~~—		~~183~~50
Securities available-for-sale	2240	$	(245)	$	26,~~889~~462	~~495~~319	$	(2,~~308~~253)	$	2014,~~659~~384

Gross unrealized losses decreased as compared with December 31, ~~2023~~2024 due primarily to decreasing yields on U.S. Government ~~sponsored~~agency mortgage-backed and U.S. Government ~~agency~~sponsored mortgage-backed securities ~~as well as the sale of certain securities that were in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2023~~.

Although the fair value of a particular security may be below its amortized cost, it does not necessarily result in a credit loss and hence an allowance for credit losses. The decline in fair value may be caused by, among other things, higher market rates or the illiquidity of the market. We have reviewed the securities in an unrealized loss position for which no allowance for credit losses has been recognized in accordance with our accounting policies, discussed further above. At ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025, we do not consider any of these securities to be impaired due to credit factors as we expect to recover their amortized cost basis and we neither intend nor expect to be required to sell these securities prior to recovery, even if that equates to holding them until their individual maturities. However, impairments due to credit factors may occur in future periods if the credit quality of the securities deteriorates.

Securities Held-to-Maturity The following provides additional information about our portfolio of securities held-to-maturity:

Allowance for credit losses We exclude from our calculation of lifetime expected credit losses ("lifetime ECL") securities for which we expect that non-payment of the amortized cost basis will be zero ("Zero Expected Credit Loss Exception"). Due to the composition of our portfolio of securities held-to-maturity, substantially all of our portfolio qualifies for the Zero Expected Credit Loss Exception and has been excluded from our lifetime ECL calculation. At both ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024, the allowance for credit losses on securities held-to-maturity was nil.

At both ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024, none of our securities held-to-maturity were past due or in nonaccrual status.

Credit risk profile Securities are assigned a credit rating based on the estimated probability of default. The credit ratings are used as a credit quality indicator to monitor our securities held-to-maturity portfolio. We utilize Standard and Poor's ("S&P") as the primary source of our credit ratings. If S&P ratings are not available, ratings by Moody's and Fitch are used in that order. Investment grade includes securities with credit ratings of at least BBB- or above. At both March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, all of our securities held-to-maturity were investment grade.


HSBC USA Inc.

~~Credit~~Other ~~risk~~securities ~~profile Securities~~gains, ~~are assigned a credit rating based on the estimated probability of default.~~ net The ~~credit~~following ~~ratings~~table ~~are~~summarizes ~~used~~realized asgains ~~a credit quality indicator to monitor our securities held-to-maturity portfolio. We utilize Standard~~ and ~~Poor's~~losses ~~("S&P")~~on asinvestment ~~the primary source of our credit ratings. If S&P ratings are not available, ratings by Moody's and Fitch are used in that order. Investment grade includes~~ securities ~~with~~transactions ~~credit~~attributable ~~ratings~~to ~~of at least BBB~~available- ~~or above. At both September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, all of our securities held~~for-~~to-maturity~~sale ~~were investment grade.~~securities:

Other securities gains (losses), net The following table summarizes realized gains and losses on investment securities transactions attributable to available-for-sale securities:



Three Months Ended March 31,	2025		2024
	(in millions)
Gross realized gains	$	3	$	2
Gross realized losses	—		—
Net realized gains	$	3	$	2

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
	(in millions)
Gross realized gains	$	1	$	—	$	15	$	3
Gross realized losses	(149)		—		(153)		—
Net realized gains (losses)	$	(148)	$	—	$	(138)	$	3

Contractual Maturities and Yields The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair values of securities available-for-sale and securities held-to-maturity at March 31, 2025 by contractual maturity. Expected maturities differ from contractual maturities because borrowers have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties in certain cases. The table below also reflects the distribution of maturities of debt securities held at March 31, 2025, together with the approximate yield of the portfolio. The yields shown are calculated by dividing annualized interest income, including the accretion of discounts and the amortization of premiums, by the amortized cost of securities outstanding at March 31, 2025.

During the third quarter of 2024, we sold certain U.S. Government sponsored mortgage-backed securities classified as available-for-sale with a total carrying value of $2,130 million and realized a loss of $148 million. These securities were sold to manage our exposure to the changing interest rate environment as part of our continuing strategy to maximize returns while balancing the securities portfolio for risk management purposes. We have reinvested the proceeds into higher yielding U.S. Treasury and U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed securities classified as held-to-maturity.


	Within One Year				After One But Within Five Years				After Five But Within Ten Years				After Ten Years
	Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield
	(dollars are in millions)
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury	$	865	1.24	%	$	5,433	3.60	%	$	2,267	4.05	%	$	2,393	2.96	%
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises	47		1.68		170		1.49		326		2.04		4,514		1.82
U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed	20		.81		—		—		2		4.20		7,859		2.96

Asset-backed securities	—		—		48		4.41		47		3.89		60		5.33

Foreign debt securities	2,046		.86		1,724		4.34		233		4.32		—		—
Total amortized cost	$	2,978	.98	%	$	7,375	3.73	%	$	2,875	3.85	%	$	14,826	2.62	%
Total fair value	$	2,972			$	7,340			$	2,867			$	12,842
Held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury	$	—	—	%	$	2,412	3.65	%	$	405	3.74	%	$	—	—	%
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises	—		—		219		2.80		580		3.73		340		2.87
U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed	—		—		1		4.56		10		6.06		14,170		4.63
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions	—		—		2		3.78		—		—		—		—


Total amortized cost	$	—	—	%	$	2,634	3.58	%	$	995	3.76	%	$	14,510	4.59	%
Total fair value	$	—			$	2,599			$	952			$	14,085

Contractual Maturities and Yields The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair values of securities available-for-sale and securities held-to-maturity at September 30, 2024 by contractual maturity. Expected maturities differ from contractual maturities because borrowers have the right to prepay obligations without prepayment penalties in certain cases. The table below also reflects the distribution of maturities of debt securities held at September 30, 2024, together with the approximate yield of the portfolio. The yields shown are calculated by dividing annualized interest income, including the accretion of discounts and the amortization of premiums, by the amortized cost of securities outstanding at September 30, 2024.

	WithinOne Year				After OneBut WithinFive Years				After FiveBut WithinTen Years				After TenYears
	Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield
	(dollars are in millions)
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury	$	243	.98	%	$	3,815	2.17	%	$	2,380	3.97	%	$	2,880	2.65	%
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises	579		1.15		178		2.99		650		1.97		4,673		1.80
U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed	20		.81		—		—		2		4.65		8,243		2.92
Asset-backed securities	—		—		54		4.40		47		3.93		12		4.85
Foreign debt securities	1,825		.34		2,054		4.36		91		3.81		—		—
Total amortized cost	$	2,667	.58	%	$	6,101	2.95	%	$	3,170	3.55	%	$	15,808	2.54	%
Total fair value	$	2,664			$	6,057			$	3,153			$	14,068
Held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury	$	—	—	%	$	2,048	3.65	%	$	749	3.71	%	$	—	—	%
U.S. Government sponsored enterprises	84		2.30		219		2.82		610		3.70		364		2.86
U.S. Government agency issued or guaranteed	—		—		1		3.94		12		5.91		13,148		4.52
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions	1		4.04		2		3.77		—		—		—		—
Total amortized cost	$	85	2.32	%	$	2,270	3.57	%	$	1,371	3.73	%	$	13,512	4.48	%
Total fair value	$	85			$	2,266			$	1,346			$	13,339


HSBC USA Inc.

Equity Securities Equity securities that are not classified as trading and are included in other assets consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Equity securities carried at fair value	$	~~260~~251	$	~~270~~250
Equity securities without readily determinable fair values	1217		1315

On a quarterly basis, we perform an assessment to determine whether any equity securities without readily determinable fair values are impaired. In the event an equity security is deemed impaired, the security is written down to fair value with impairment recorded in earnings. During the ~~nine~~first ~~months~~quarter ~~ended~~of ~~September 30~~2025, ~~2024 and 2023,~~ we determined that certain equity securities without readily determinable fair values were impaired and, as a result, we recorded an impairment loss of $43 million ~~in both periods~~ as a component of other income (loss) in the consolidated statement of income compared with an impairment loss of $4 million during the first quarter of 2024.

Also included in other assets were investments in Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") stock and Federal Reserve Bank stock of $95 million and $438 million, respectively, at both ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024. Our investment in Federal Reserve Bank stock represents approximately half of the total subscription price for our subscribed shares. The remaining half is unpaid and remains subject to call by the Federal Reserve Board ("FRB").

4. Loans

In connection with changes to our business segments as discussed further in Note 13, "Business Segments," during the first quarter of 2025, we changed our presentation for what was previously reported as global banking to include such activity within business and corporate banking. As a result, we have reclassified prior year amounts to conform to the current year presentation. All tables below have been recasted to reflect this reclassification, as applicable.

Loans consisted of the following:

	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	6,~~795~~341	$	76,~~087~~612
Business and corporate banking	1626,~~420~~212		1525,~~724~~426
Global banking(1)	10,573		10,725
Other commercial:
Affiliates(2)	3,784		2,618
Affiliates(1)	5,257		5,449
Other	3,~~543~~532		3,~~803~~564
Total other commercial	78,~~327~~789		69,~~421~~013
Total commercial	41,~~115~~342		3941,~~957~~051
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages	2021,~~235~~430		1821,~~341~~035
Home equity mortgages	~~393~~388		~~389~~393
Credit cards	~~185~~177		~~199~~195
Other consumer(3)	86		101
Other consumer(2)	77		79
Total consumer	2022,~~899~~072		1921,~~030~~702
Total loans	$	6263,~~014~~414	$	5862,~~987~~753

(1)~~Represents~~See ~~large~~Note ~~multinational~~12, ~~firms~~"Related ~~including~~Party ~~globally~~Transactions," ~~focused~~for ~~U.S.~~additional ~~corporate~~information ~~and~~regarding ~~financial~~loans ~~institutions, U.S. dollar lending~~ to ~~multinational banking clients managed by~~ HSBC ~~on a global basis and complex large business clients supported by Global Banking and Markets relationship managers~~affiliates.

(2)~~See~~Includes ~~Note~~certain 12student loans that we have elected to designate under the fair value option and are therefore carried at fair value, ~~"Related~~which ~~Party~~totaled ~~Transactions~~$10 million and $11 million at March 31," ~~for~~2025 ~~additional~~and ~~information~~December 31, ~~regarding~~2024, ~~loans~~respectively. toSee ~~HSBC~~Note ~~affiliates~~9, "Fair Value Option," for further details.

~~(3)Includes~~Net ~~certain~~deferred ~~student~~origination ~~loans~~costs ~~that~~totaled we$23 ~~have~~million ~~elected to designate under the fair value option~~ and ~~are~~$32 ~~therefore~~million ~~carried~~ at ~~fair~~March ~~value~~31, ~~which~~2025 ~~totaled~~and ~~$12~~December 31, ~~million~~2024, ~~and~~respectively. ~~$15~~At ~~million~~both atMarch ~~September 30~~31, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024, ~~respectively.~~we ~~See~~had ~~Note~~a 9,net ~~"Fair~~unamortized ~~Value~~discount ~~Option,"~~on ~~for~~our ~~further~~loans ~~details~~of $10 million.

Net deferred origination costs totaled $27 million and $17 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had a net unamortized discount on our loans of $8 million and $13 million, respectively.


HSBC USA Inc.

Aging Analysis of Past Due Loans The following table summarizes the past due status of our loans at ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024. The aging of past due amounts is determined based on the contractual delinquency status of payments under the loan. An account is generally considered to be contractually delinquent when payments have not been made in accordance with the loan terms. Delinquency status is affected by customer account management policies and practices such as re-age, which results in the re-setting of the contractual delinquency status to current.

	Past Due				Total Past Due 30 Days or More
	30 - 89 Days		90+ Days				Current(1)		Total Loans
	(in millions)
At September 30, 2024
At March 31, 2025
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	—	$	2120	$	2120	$	6,~~774~~321	$	6,~~795~~341
Business and corporate banking	21		4951		5152		1626,~~369~~160		1626,~~420~~212
Global banking	—		47		47		10,526		10,573
Other commercial	82		—		82		8,707		8,789
Other commercial	182		—		182		7,145		7,327
Total commercial	83		71		154		41,188		41,342
Total commercial	184		117		301		40,814		41,115
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages	~~172~~177		9697		~~268~~274		1921,~~967~~156		2021,~~235~~430
Home equity mortgages	2		56		78		~~386~~380		~~393~~388
Credit cards	2		2		4		~~181~~173		~~185~~177
Other consumer	32		21		53		8174		8677
Total consumer	~~179~~183		~~105~~106		~~284~~289		2021,~~615~~783		2022,~~899~~072
Total loans	$	~~363~~266	$	~~222~~177	$	~~585~~443	$	6162,~~429~~971	$	6263,~~014~~414
At December 31, 2023
At December 31, 2024
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	—4	$	~~206~~19	$	~~206~~23	$	6,~~881~~589	$	76,~~087~~612
Business and corporate banking	163		3182		4245		1525,~~720~~181		1525,~~724~~426
Global banking	—		1		1		10,724		10,725
Other commercial	31		—		31		8,982		9,013
Other commercial	350		—		350		6,071		6,421
Total commercial	98		201		299		40,752		41,051
Total commercial	351		210		561		39,396		39,957
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages	174		91105		~~265~~279		1820,~~076~~756		1821,~~341~~035
Home equity mortgages	122		34		156		~~374~~387		~~389~~393
Credit cards	32		32		64		~~193~~191		~~199~~195
Other consumer	32		21		53		9676		~~101~~79
Total consumer	~~192~~180		99112		~~291~~292		1821,~~739~~410		1921,~~030~~702
Total loans	$	~~543~~278	$	~~309~~313	$	~~852~~591	$	5862,~~135~~162	$	5862,~~987~~753

(1)Loans less than 30 days past due are presented as current.


HSBC USA Inc.

Nonperforming Loans Nonperforming loans, including nonaccrual loans and accruing loans contractually 90 days or more past due, consisted of the following:

	Nonaccrual Loans		Accruing Loans Contractually Past Due 90 Days or More		Nonaccrual Loans With No Allowance For Credit Losses
	(in millions)
At September 30, 2024
At March 31, 2025
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	~~304~~384	$	—	$	—19
Business and corporate banking	59336		—46		663
Global banking	230		—		43
Total commercial	720		46		82
Other commercial	—		—		—
Total commercial	593		—		49
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages(1)(2)(3)	~~162~~168		—		8274
Home equity mortgages(1)(2)	68		—		56
Credit cards	—		2		—
Other consumer	—		21		—
Total consumer	~~168~~176		43		8780
Total nonperforming loans	$	~~761~~896	$	449	$	~~136~~162
At December 31, 2023
At December 31, 2024
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	~~229~~261	$	—	$	4021
Business and corporate banking	~~143~~280		1147		2933
Global banking	49		—		48
Total commercial	541		147		54
Other commercial	3		—		2
Total commercial	424		1		119
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages(1)(2)(3)	~~172~~173		—		8180
Home equity mortgages(1)(2)	6		—		5
Credit cards	—		3		—
Other consumer	—		21		—
Total consumer	~~178~~179		54		8685
Total nonperforming loans	$	~~602~~720	$	6151	$	~~205~~139

(1)At ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024, nonaccrual consumer mortgage loans include $~~107~~102 million and $~~108~~106 million, respectively, of loans that are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value of the collateral less cost to sell.

(2)Nonaccrual consumer mortgage loans include all loans which are 90 or more days contractually delinquent as well as loans discharged under Chapter 7 bankruptcy and not re-affirmed and second lien loans where the first lien loan that we own or service is 90 or more days contractually delinquent.

(3)Nonaccrual consumer mortgage loans for all periods does not include guaranteed loans purchased from the Government National Mortgage Association. Repayment of these loans is predominantly insured by the Federal Housing Administration and as such, these loans have different risk characteristics from the rest of our consumer loan portfolio.

Interest income that was recorded on nonaccrual loans and included in interest income totaled $112 million ~~and $19 million~~ during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024,~~2025 ~~respectively,~~ compared with nil ~~and $3 million~~ during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023, respectively~~2024.


HSBC USA Inc.

Collateral-Dependent Loans Loans for which the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty are considered to be collateral-dependent loans. Collateral can have a significant financial effect in mitigating our exposure to credit risk.

Collateral-dependent residential mortgage loans are carried at the lower of amortized cost or fair value of the collateral less costs to sell, with any excess in the carrying amount of the loan generally charged off at the time foreclosure is initiated or when settlement is reached with the borrower, but not to exceed the end of the month in which the account becomes six months contractually delinquent. Collateral values are based on broker price opinions or appraisals which are updated at least every 180 days less estimated costs to sell. During the quarterly period between updates, real estate price trends are reviewed on a geographic basis and incorporated as necessary. At ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024, we had collateral-dependent residential mortgage loans totaling $~~287~~276 million and $~~278~~282 million, respectively.

For collateral-dependent commercial loans, the allowance for expected credit losses is individually assessed based on the fair value of the collateral. Various types of collateral are used, including real estate, inventory, equipment, accounts receivable, securities and cash, among others. For commercial real estate loans, collateral values are generally based on appraisals which are updated based on management judgment under the specific circumstances on a case-by-case basis. In situations where an appraisal is not used, borrower-specific factors such as operating results, cash flows and debt service ratios are reviewed along with relevant market data of comparable properties in order to create a 10-year cash flow model to be discounted at appropriate rates to present value. The collateral value for securities is based on their quoted market prices or broker quotes. The collateral value for other financial assets is generally based on appraisals or is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis. Commercial loan balances are charged off at the time all or a portion of the balance is deemed uncollectible. At ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024, we had collateral-dependent commercial loans totaling $~~611~~703 million and $~~618~~524 million, respectively.

Loan Modifications In conjunction with our loss mitigation activities, we modify certain loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Modifications may include changes to one or more terms of the loan, including, but not limited to, a change in interest rate, extension of the term, reduction in payment amount and partial forgiveness or deferment of principal, accrued interest or other loan covenants.

The following disclosures provide information about loan payment modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in the form of an interest rate reduction, principal forgiveness, a term extension or significant payment deferral, or a combination thereof. Not included are loans with short-term payment modifications (e.g., deferrals of three months or less) and other insignificant modifications, such as covenant waivers and amendments, and deferrals of financial statement and covenant compliance reporting requirements. Commercial loan payment modifications typically involve term extensions. In certain cases, the term extension is coupled with an interest rate increase which is intended to reduce the financial effect of extending the life of the loan. The effects of these interest rate increases are not included in the following disclosures. For consumer loans, payment modifications typically involve payment deferrals or interest rate reductions which lower the amount of interest income we are contractually entitled to receive in future periods. Through lowering the interest rate, we believe we are able to increase the amount of cash flow that will ultimately be collected from the loan, given the borrower's financial condition.

~~The~~Not ~~following~~included ~~table~~in ~~presents~~the ~~information~~following ~~about~~tables ~~loan~~are ~~payment~~consumer ~~modifications~~residential ~~made~~mortgage toloans ~~borrowers~~where ~~experiencing financial difficulty during~~ the ~~three~~borrowers ~~and~~were ~~nine~~provided ~~months~~with ~~ended~~short-term ~~September~~payment ~~30,~~deferrals ~~2024~~as ~~and~~a ~~2023~~result ~~by type~~ of ~~modification, including~~ the ~~period-end~~recent ~~carrying~~California ~~value~~wildfires. ~~and~~The asunpaid aprincipal ~~percentage~~balance of ~~total~~these loans. ~~During~~totaled ~~the~~$56 million ~~three~~at ~~months~~March ~~ended September 30~~31, ~~2024, loan payment modifications made to consumer borrowers experiencing financial difficulty were nil~~2025.

	Interest Rate Reduction		Principal Forgiveness		Term Extension / Significant Payment Deferral		Combination(1)		Total		% of Total Loans
	(dollars are in millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	—	$	33	$	43	$	—	$	76	1.1	%
Business and corporate banking	—		—		6		—		6		.0
Total commercial	—		33		49		—		82		.2


HSBC USA Inc.

	Interest Rate Reduction		Principal Forgiveness		Term Extension / Significant Payment Deferral		Combination(1)		Total		% of Total Loans
	(dollars are in millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	—	$	—	$	2	$	—	$	2	.0	%
Business and corporate banking	—		—		53		—		53		.3
Total commercial	—		—		55		—		55		.1
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages(2)	—		—		2		—		2		.0
Total consumer	—		—		2		—		2		.0
Total	$	—	$	—	$	57	$	—	$	57	.1
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	—	$	33	$	43	$	159	$	235	3.5	%
Business and corporate banking	—		—		37		5		42		.3
Global banking	—		—		35		—		35		.3
Total commercial	—		33		115		164		312		.8
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages(2)	—		—		—		1		1		.0
Total consumer	—		—		—		1		1		.0
Total	$	—	$	33	$	115	$	165	$	313	.5
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	—	$	—	$	172	$	—	$	172	2.5	%
Business and corporate banking	—		—		128		—		128		.8
Global banking	—		—		5		—		5		.1
Total commercial	—		—		305		—		305		.8
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages(2)	—		—		10		1		11		.1
Total consumer	—		—		10		1		11		.1
Total	$	—	$	—	$	315	$	1	$	316	.5

The following table presents information about loan payment modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 by type of modification, including the period-end carrying value and as a percentage of total loans.


	Interest Rate Reduction		Principal Forgiveness		Term Extension / Significant Payment Deferral		Combination(1)		Total		% of Total Loans
	(dollars are in millions)






























Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Commercial loans:

Business and corporate banking	$	—	$	—	$	14	$	—	$	14	.1	%


Total commercial	$	—	$	—	$	14	$	—	$	14	.0








Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Commercial loans:

Business and corporate banking	$	—	$	—	$	65	$	—	$	65	.2	%


Total commercial	$	—	$	—	$	65	$	—	$	65	.2

(1)Represents loans with more than one type of payment modification during the period.

~~(2)The~~At ~~carrying~~March ~~values~~31, of2025 ~~consumer~~and ~~mortgage~~December 31, ~~loans~~2024, ~~with~~additional acommitments ~~payment~~to ~~modification~~lend ~~primarily~~to ~~includes~~commercial ~~loans~~borrowers ~~that~~who were ~~recorded~~provided atwith ~~the~~a ~~lower~~loan ofpayment ~~amortized~~modification ~~cost~~during orthe ~~fair~~respective ~~value~~year-to-date ofperiods ~~the~~totaled ~~collateral~~$7 ~~less~~million ~~cost~~and to$25 ~~sell~~million, respectively.

AtThe ~~September~~following ~~30,~~table ~~2024~~summarizes ~~and~~the ~~December 31,~~financial ~~2023,~~effect ~~additional~~of ~~commitments~~loan topayment ~~lend~~modifications made to ~~commercial~~ borrowers ~~who~~experiencing ~~were~~financial ~~provided~~difficulty ~~with a loan payment modification~~ during the ~~respective~~three ~~year-to-date~~months ~~periods~~ended ~~totaled~~March ~~$43~~31, ~~million~~2025 and ~~$85~~2024 ~~million,~~by ~~respectively.~~type of modification:


	Weighted-Average Interest Rate Reduction		Principal Forgiven (in millions)		Weighted-Average Term Extension / Payment Deferral (in years)
























Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Commercial loans:

Business and corporate banking	—	%	$	—	1.1








Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Commercial loans:

Business and corporate banking	—	%	$	—	1.8

HSBC USA Inc.

The following table summarizes the financial effect of loan payment modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 by type of modification:

	Weighted-Average Interest Rate Reduction		Principal Forgiven(in millions)		Weighted-Average Term Extension / Payment Deferral(in years)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	—	%	$	—	2.2
Business and corporate banking	—		—		1.6
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	—	%	$	—	0.2
Business and corporate banking	—		—		1.1
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages	—		—		0.8
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	5.6	%	$	—	3.1
Business and corporate banking	.3		—		1.7
Global banking	—		—		2.0
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages	.5		—		0.6
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	—	%	$	—	0.4
Business and corporate banking	—		2		1.9
Global banking	—		—		2.0
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages	2.2		—		2.0

The effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the allowance for credit losses because of the methodology used to estimate lifetime ECL, which considers historical loss information including losses from modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. As a result, a material change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. In instances when a loan is modified in the form of principal forgiveness, the amount of principal forgiven is deemed uncollectible and that portion of the loan balance is charged off with a corresponding reduction to the allowance for credit losses.

We closely monitor the performance of modified loans to understand the effectiveness of our loss mitigation efforts. Upon determination that a modified loan or a portion of a modified loan has subsequently been deemed uncollectible, the loan or a portion of the loan is charged off in accordance with our accounting policies with a corresponding reduction to the allowance for credit losses.

2019


HSBC USA Inc.

The following table presents loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty with a payment modification during the previous 12 months which subsequently became 90 days or greater contractually delinquent during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, 2025 and 2024 by type of modification:

	Interest Rate Reduction		Principal Forgiveness		Term Extension / Significant Payment Deferral		Combination(1)		Total
	(in millions)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	1
Total consumer	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	1
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Commercial loans:
Global banking	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	1
Business and corporate banking	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	1
Total commercial	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	1

(1)Represents loans with more than one type of payment modification during the period.

~~During~~The ~~the~~following ~~three~~table ~~and~~presents ~~nine~~the ~~months~~past ~~ended~~due ~~September~~status ~~30,~~of ~~2024, there were no consumer~~ loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty with a payment modification during the previous 12 ~~months which subsequently became 90~~ ~~days or greater contractually delinquent. During the three~~ months ~~ended~~at ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024,~~2025 there were also no commercial loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty with a payment modification during the previous 12 months which subsequently became 90 days or greater contractually delinquent. During both the three and ~~nine months ended September 30~~December 31, 2023, there were no loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty with a payment modification during the previous nine months which subsequently became 90 days or greater contractually delinquent.2024:

The following table presents the past due status of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty with a payment modification during the previous 12 months at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	Past Due
	30 - 89 Days		90+ Days		Current(1)			Total
	(in millions)
At March 31, 2025
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	—	$	—		$	236		$	236
Business and corporate banking	—		28			134			162


Total commercial	—		28			370			398
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages	—		1			4			5



Total consumer	—		1			4			5
Total	$	—	$	29		$	374		$	403
At December 31, 2024
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	—	$	—		$	232		$	232
Business and corporate banking	—		29			177			206


Total commercial	—		29			409			438
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages	1		—			4			5



Total consumer	1		—			4			5
Total	$	1	$	29		$	413		$	443

	Past Due
	30 - 89 Days		90+ Days		Current(1)			Total
	(in millions)
At September 30, 2024
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	—	$	—		$	236		$	236
Business and corporate banking	—		—			267			267
Global banking	—		—			74			74
Total commercial	—		—			577			577
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages	1		—			7			8
Total consumer	1		—			7			8
Total	$	1	$	—		$	584		$	585
At December 31, 2023
Commercial loans:
Real estate, including construction	$	—	$	166		$	2		$	168
Business and corporate banking	—		—			398			398
Global banking	—		—			50			50
Total commercial	—		166			450			616
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgages	—		—			12			12
Total consumer	—		—			12			12
Total	$	—	$	166		$	462		$	628

(1)Loans less than 30 days past due are presented as current.

2120


HSBC USA Inc.

Commercial Loan Credit Quality Indicators and Gross Charge-offs by Year of Origination

The following credit quality indicators are utilized to monitor our commercial loan portfolio:

Criticized loans Criticized loan classifications presented in the table below are determined by the assignment of various criticized facility risk ratings based on the risk rating standards of our regulator. The following facility risk ratings are deemed to be criticized:

Special Mention - generally includes loans that are protected by collateral and/or the credit worthiness of the customer, but are potentially weak based upon economic or market circumstances which, if not checked or corrected, could weaken our credit position at some future date.

Substandard - includes loans that are inadequately protected by the underlying collateral and/or general credit worthiness of the customer. These loans present a distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful - includes loans that have all the weaknesses exhibited by substandard loans, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full of the recorded loan highly improbable. However, although the possibility of loss is extremely high, certain factors exist which may strengthen the credit at some future date, and therefore the decision to charge-off the loan is deferred. Loans graded as doubtful are required to be placed in nonaccrual status.

The following table summarizes our criticized commercial loans, including a disaggregation of the loans by year of origination as of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024:

	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total at Sep. 30, 2024
	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total at Mar. 31, 2025
	(in millions)
Real estate, including construction:
Special mention	$	—	$	—	$	~~104~~—	$	—105	$	—	$	1869	$	—	$	—	$	~~122~~174
Substandard	—2		—		64—		—54		—		~~521~~303		—		—		~~585~~359
Doubtful	—		—		—		33—		—32		~~249~~332		20—		—		~~302~~364
Total real estate, including construction	—2		—		~~168~~—		33159		—32		~~788~~704		20—		—		~~1,009~~897
Business and corporate banking:
Special mention	~~172~~97		~~128~~195		~~104~~155		2092		425		~~219~~240		~~148~~154		1110		~~806~~968
Substandard	~~138~~40		~~118~~163		44135		4347		—44		~~157~~235		~~593~~402		613		1,~~099~~079
Doubtful	6—		64		—		—37		—		6172		4063		—		58276
Total business and corporate banking	~~316~~137		~~252~~362		~~148~~290		63176		469		~~382~~647		~~781~~619		1723		12,~~963~~323
Global banking:
Total commercial	$	139	$	362	$	290	$	335	$	101	$	1,351	$	619	$	23	$	3,220
Special mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		37		—		37
Substandard	—		—		—		—		20		86		166		—		272
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		180		9		—		189
Total global banking	—		—		—		—		20		266		212		—		498
Total commercial	$	316	$	252	$	316	$	96	$	24	$	1,436	$	1,013	$	17	$	3,470
Total commercial:
Special mention	$	~~172~~97	$	~~128~~195	$	~~208~~155	$	20197	$	425	$	~~237~~309	$	~~185~~154	$	1110	$	~~965~~1,142
Substandard	~~138~~42		~~118~~163		~~108~~135		43101		2044		~~764~~538		~~759~~402		613		1,~~956~~438
Doubtful	6—		64		—		3337		—32		~~435~~504		6963		—		~~549~~640
Total commercial	$	~~316~~139	$	~~252~~362	$	~~316~~290	$	96335	$	24101	$	1,~~436~~351	$	~~1,013~~619	$	1723	$	3,~~470~~220


HSBC USA Inc.


	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total at Dec. 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Real estate, including construction:
Special mention	$	—	$	—	$	104	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	104
Substandard	—		—		64		—		—		432		28		—		524
Doubtful	—		—		—		32		—		207		—		—		239
Total real estate, including construction	—		—		168		32		—		639		28		—		867
Business and corporate banking:
Special mention	194		235		126		27		3		178		143		18		924
Substandard	141		103		44		43		—		210		541		5		1,087
Doubtful	1		10		—		—		—		178		44		—		233
Total business and corporate banking	336		348		170		70		3		566		728		23		2,244










Total commercial	$	336	$	348	$	338	$	102	$	3	$	1,205	$	756	$	23	$	3,111
Total commercial:
Special mention	$	194	$	235	$	230	$	27	$	3	$	178	$	143	$	18	$	1,028
Substandard	141		103		108		43		—		642		569		5		1,611
Doubtful	1		10		—		32		—		385		44		—		472
Total commercial	$	336	$	348	$	338	$	102	$	3	$	1,205	$	756	$	23	$	3,111

Nonperforming The following table summarizes the nonperforming status of our commercial loan portfolio, including a disaggregation of the loans by year of origination as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:


	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total at Mar. 31, 2025
	(in millions)
Real estate, including construction:
Performing loans	$	50	$	1,673	$	618	$	1,026	$	718	$	1,856	$	14	$	2	$	5,957
Nonaccrual loans	—		—		—		—		32		334		18		—		384

Total real estate, including construction	50		1,673		618		1,026		750		2,190		32		2		6,341
Business and corporate banking:
Performing loans	611		2,503		2,437		1,832		1,853		7,799		8,490		305		25,830
Nonaccrual loans	—		4		1		39		—		219		73		—		336
Accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more	—		—		—		—		—		46		—		—		46
Total business and corporate banking	611		2,507		2,438		1,871		1,853		8,064		8,563		305		26,212





Other commercial:
Performing loans	10		596		126		276		79		1,781		5,921		—		8,789


Total other commercial	10		596		126		276		79		1,781		5,921		—		8,789
Total commercial	$	671	$	4,776	$	3,182	$	3,173	$	2,682	$	12,035	$	14,516	$	307	$	41,342
Total commercial:
Performing loans	$	671	$	4,772	$	3,181	$	3,134	$	2,650	$	11,436	$	14,425	$	307	$	40,576
Nonaccrual loans	—		4		1		39		32		553		91		—		720
Accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more	—		—		—		—		—		46		—		—		46
Total commercial	$	671	$	4,776	$	3,182	$	3,173	$	2,682	$	12,035	$	14,516	$	307	$	41,342


HSBC USA Inc.

	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total at Dec. 31, 2023
	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total at Dec. 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Real estate, including construction:
Special mention	$	—	$	40	$	—	$	104	$	92	$	42	$	3	$	3	$	284
Performing loans	$	1,035	$	946	$	1,109	$	850	$	262	$	2,129	$	17	$	3	$	6,351
Substandard	2		—		—		1		—		821		—		—		824
Nonaccrual loans	—		—		—		32		—		210		19		—		261
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		166		18		—		184
Total real estate, including construction	1,035		946		1,109		882		262		2,339		36		3		6,612
Total real estate, including construction	2		40		—		105		92		1,029		21		3		1,292
Business and corporate banking:
Special mention	38		103		12		4		20		126		296		8		607
Performing loans	2,322		2,734		1,721		1,986		276		7,477		8,188		295		24,999
Substandard	31		22		—		27		—		156		746		1		983
Nonaccrual loans	2		11		1		—		—		205		61		—		280
Doubtful	—		—		36		—		—		9		71		—		116
Accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more	—		40		—		—		—		47		60		—		147
Total business and corporate banking	692,324		~~125~~2,785		481,722		311,986		20276		~~291~~7,729		18,~~113~~309		9295		125,~~706~~426
Global banking:
Special mention	—		—		—		—		—		45		62		—		107
Substandard	—		14		—		—		—		114		73		—		201
Doubtful	—		187		—		—		14		—		1		—		202
Total global banking	—		201		—		—		14		159		136		—		510
Other commercial:
Special mention	6		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		6
Performing loans	493		90		281		136		504		1,565		5,944		—		9,013
Substandard	38		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		38
Total other commercial	493		90		281		136		504		1,565		5,944		—		9,013
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		3		—		3
Total commercial	$	3,852	$	3,821	$	3,112	$	3,004	$	1,042	$	11,633	$	14,289	$	298	$	41,051
Total other commercial	44		—		—		—		—		—		3		—		47
Total commercial	$	115	$	366	$	48	$	136	$	126	$	1,479	$	1,273	$	12	$	3,555
Total commercial:
Special mention	$	44	$	143	$	12	$	108	$	112	$	213	$	361	$	11	$	1,004
Performing loans	$	3,850	$	3,770	$	3,111	$	2,972	$	1,042	$	11,171	$	14,149	$	298	$	40,363
Substandard	71		36		—		28		—		1,091		819		1		2,046
Nonaccrual loans	2		11		1		32		—		415		80		—		541
Doubtful	—		187		36		—		14		175		93		—		505
Accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more	—		40		—		—		—		47		60		—		147
Total commercial	$	~~115~~3,852	$	~~366~~3,821	$	483,112	$	~~136~~3,004	$	~~126~~1,042	$	111,~~479~~633	$	114,~~273~~289	$	12298	$	341,~~555~~051

Credit risk profile Commercial loans are assigned a credit rating based on the estimated probability of default. Investment grade includes loans with credit ratings of at least BBB- or above or the equivalent based on our internal credit rating system. The following table summarizes the credit risk profile of our commercial loan portfolio, including a disaggregation of the loans by year of origination as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:


	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total at Mar. 31, 2025
	(in millions)
Real estate, including construction:
Investment grade	$	—	$	317	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	286	$	—	$	—	$	603
Non-investment grade	50		1,356		618		1,026		750		1,904		32		2		5,738
Total real estate, including construction	50		1,673		618		1,026		750		2,190		32		2		6,341
Business and corporate banking:
Investment grade	413		1,158		1,186		1,008		1,025		4,398		3,956		40		13,184
Non-investment grade	198		1,349		1,252		863		828		3,666		4,607		265		13,028
Total business and corporate banking	611		2,507		2,438		1,871		1,853		8,064		8,563		305		26,212




Other commercial:
Investment grade	10		302		66		114		71		1,310		5,745		—		7,618
Non-investment grade	—		294		60		162		8		471		176		—		1,171
Total other commercial	10		596		126		276		79		1,781		5,921		—		8,789
Total commercial	$	671	$	4,776	$	3,182	$	3,173	$	2,682	$	12,035	$	14,516	$	307	$	41,342
Total commercial:
Investment grade	$	423	$	1,777	$	1,252	$	1,122	$	1,096	$	5,994	$	9,701	$	40	$	21,405
Non-investment grade	248		2,999		1,930		2,051		1,586		6,041		4,815		267		19,937
Total commercial	$	671	$	4,776	$	3,182	$	3,173	$	2,682	$	12,035	$	14,516	$	307	$	41,342


HSBC USA Inc.

Nonperforming The following table summarizes the nonperforming status of our commercial loan portfolio, including a disaggregation of the loans by year of origination as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total at Dec. 31, 2024
	(in millions)
Real estate, including construction:
Investment grade	$	67	$	307	$	27	$	—	$	165	$	757	$	—	$	—	$	1,323
Non-investment grade	968		639		1,082		882		97		1,582		36		3		5,289
Total real estate, including construction	1,035		946		1,109		882		262		2,339		36		3		6,612
Business and corporate banking:
Investment grade	1,325		1,668		981		1,357		190		4,896		4,752		88		15,257
Non-investment grade	999		1,117		741		629		86		2,833		3,557		207		10,169
Total business and corporate banking	2,324		2,785		1,722		1,986		276		7,729		8,309		295		25,426




Other commercial:
Investment grade	365		71		141		86		220		1,258		5,783		—		7,924
Non-investment grade	128		19		140		50		284		307		161		—		1,089
Total other commercial	493		90		281		136		504		1,565		5,944		—		9,013
Total commercial	$	3,852	$	3,821	$	3,112	$	3,004	$	1,042	$	11,633	$	14,289	$	298	$	41,051
Total commercial:
Investment grade	$	1,757	$	2,046	$	1,149	$	1,443	$	575	$	6,911	$	10,535	$	88	$	24,504
Non-investment grade	2,095		1,775		1,963		1,561		467		4,722		3,754		210		16,547
Total commercial	$	3,852	$	3,821	$	3,112	$	3,004	$	1,042	$	11,633	$	14,289	$	298	$	41,051

	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total at Sep. 30, 2024
	(in millions)
Real estate, including construction:
Performing loans	$	638	$	1,039	$	1,217	$	850	$	262	$	2,464	$	18	$	3	$	6,491
Nonaccrual loans	—		—		—		33		—		251		20		—		304
Total real estate, including construction	638		1,039		1,217		883		262		2,715		38		3		6,795
Business and corporate banking:
Performing loans	1,403		1,350		1,118		1,261		176		4,090		6,655		308		16,361
Nonaccrual loans	6		6		—		—		—		6		41		—		59
Total business and corporate banking	1,409		1,356		1,118		1,261		176		4,096		6,696		308		16,420
Global banking:
Performing loans	935		1,768		849		660		116		4,274		1,741		—		10,343
Nonaccrual loans	—		—		—		—		—		221		9		—		230
Total global banking	935		1,768		849		660		116		4,495		1,750		—		10,573
Other commercial:
Performing loans	271		144		262		324		486		1,145		4,695		—		7,327
Nonaccrual loans	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total other commercial	271		144		262		324		486		1,145		4,695		—		7,327
Total commercial	$	3,253	$	4,307	$	3,446	$	3,128	$	1,040	$	12,451	$	13,179	$	311	$	41,115
Total commercial:
Performing loans	$	3,247	$	4,301	$	3,446	$	3,095	$	1,040	$	11,973	$	13,109	$	311	$	40,522
Nonaccrual loans	6		6		—		33		—		478		70		—		593
Total commercial	$	3,253	$	4,307	$	3,446	$	3,128	$	1,040	$	12,451	$	13,179	$	311	$	41,115

Gross Charge-offs The following table summarizes gross charge-off dollars in our commercial loan portfolio, disaggregated by year of origination, during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:


	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total
	(in millions)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2025

Business and corporate banking	$	—	$	—	$	7	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	8	$	—	$	15


Total commercial	$	—	$	—	$	7	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	8	$	—	$	15

	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total
	(in millions)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

Business and corporate banking	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	1


Total commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	1


HSBC USA Inc.

	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans		Total at Dec. 31, 2023
	(in millions)
Real estate, including construction:
Performing loans	$	920	$	1,286	$	1,019	$	355	$	1,014	$	2,242	$	19	$	3	$	6,858
Nonaccrual loans	—		—		—		—		40		167		22		—		229
Total real estate, including construction	920		1,286		1,019		355		1,054		2,409		41		3		7,087
Business and corporate banking:
Performing loans	1,270		1,113		1,074		231		561		4,215		6,851		265		15,580
Nonaccrual loans	—		35		—		—		—		38		70		—		143
Accruing loans contractually past due 90 days or more	—		—		—		—		—		—		1		—		1
Total business and corporate banking	1,270		1,148		1,074		231		561		4,253		6,922		265		15,724
Global banking:
Performing loans	2,255		1,153		844		151		321		3,561		2,341		50		10,676
Nonaccrual loans	—		—		—		—		—		39		10		—		49
Total global banking	2,255		1,153		844		151		321		3,600		2,351		50		10,725
Other commercial:
Performing loans	211		281		313		651		418		804		3,740		—		6,418
Nonaccrual loans	—		—		—		—		—		3		—		—		3
Total other commercial	211		281		313		651		418		807		3,740		—		6,421
Total commercial	$	4,656	$	3,868	$	3,250	$	1,388	$	2,354	$	11,069	$	13,054	$	318	$	39,957
Total commercial:
Performing loans	$	4,656	$	3,833	$	3,250	$	1,388	$	2,314	$	10,822	$	12,951	$	318	$	39,532
Nonaccrual lo

Filing Compare · HSBC USA INC /MD/