UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark one)


ý						QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~August~~November 0201, 2025


o						TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from __________ to __________


			Commission file number:			0-14678

Ross Stores, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

94-1390387

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

organization)

5130 Hacienda Drive,

Dublin,

California

94568

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

(925)

965-4400

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, par value $.01

ROST

Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ý Accelerated filer o Non-accelerated filer o Smaller reporting company ☐

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of Common Stock, with $.01 par value, outstanding on ~~August~~November 1514, 2025 was ~~325~~323,~~226~~444,~~266~~928.

Ross Stores, Inc.

Form 10-Q

Table of Contents

Page

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.

Financial Statements (unaudited)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

1617

Item 2.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

1718

Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

2425

Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

2425

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

2526

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

2526

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

2728

Item 6.

Exhibits

Item 5.

Other Information

Signatures

Item 6.

Exhibits

Signatures

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings

Three Months Ended

~~Six~~Nine Months Ended

($000, except per share data, unaudited)

~~August~~November 21, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

~~August~~November 21, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

Sales

5,~~529~~600,~~152~~946

5,~~287~~071,~~519~~354

1016,~~514~~115,~~123~~069

1015,~~145~~216,~~586~~940

Costs and Expenses

Cost of goods sold

4,~~002~~032,~~167~~446

3,~~791~~634,~~929~~283

711,~~583~~615,~~533~~979

710,~~282~~916,~~601~~884

Selling, general and administrative

~~888~~920,~~711~~002

~~836~~832,~~357~~855

12,~~685~~605,~~846~~848

12,~~612~~445,~~639~~494

Operating income

~~638~~648,~~274~~498

~~659~~604,~~233~~216

1,~~244~~893,~~744~~242

1,~~250~~854,~~346~~562

Interest income, net

(3233,~~346~~900)

(4342,~~350~~527)

(66100,~~755~~655)

(89131,~~300~~827)

Earnings before taxes

~~670~~682,~~620~~398

~~702~~646,~~583~~743

1,~~311~~993,~~499~~897

1,~~339~~986,~~646~~389

Provision for taxes on earnings

~~162~~170,~~625~~463

~~175~~157,~~435~~935

~~324~~494,~~255~~718

~~324~~482,~~508~~443

Net earnings

~~507~~511,~~995~~935

~~527~~488,~~148~~808

~~987~~1,~~244~~499,179

1,~~015~~503,~~138~~946

Earnings per share

Basic

1.5759

1.6049

34.0564

34.0756

Diluted

1.5658

1.5948

34.0361

34.0553

Weighted-average shares outstanding (000)

Basic

~~323~~321,~~000~~270

~~329~~327,~~392~~710

323,~~938~~049

~~330~~329,~~325~~453

Diluted

~~324~~323,~~796~~297

~~331~~329,~~511~~937

325,~~909~~054

~~332~~331,~~620~~728

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

Three Months Ended

~~Six~~Nine Months Ended

($000, unaudited)

~~August~~November 21, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

~~August~~November 21, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

Net earnings

~~507~~511,~~995~~935

~~527~~488,~~148~~808

~~987~~1,~~244~~499,179

1,~~015~~503,~~138~~946

Other comprehensive income

—

Comprehensive income

~~507~~511,~~995~~935

~~527~~488,~~148~~808

~~987~~1,~~244~~499,179

1,~~015~~503,~~138~~946

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

($000, except share data, unaudited)

~~August~~November 21, 2025

February 1, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

Assets

Current Assets

Cash and cash equivalents

34,~~847~~061,~~016~~173

4,730,744

4,~~668~~349,~~137~~262

Accounts receivable

~~210~~203,~~520~~891

144,482

~~181~~176,~~918~~218

Merchandise inventory

23,~~608~~128,~~485~~971

2,444,513

2,~~490~~859,~~558~~106

Prepaid expenses and other

~~259~~235,~~815~~617

218,957

~~254~~241,~~370~~703

Total current assets

67,~~925~~629,~~836~~652

7,538,696

7,~~594~~626,~~983~~289

Property and Equipment

Land and buildings

1,~~821~~833,~~855~~302

1,493,496

1,~~486~~487,~~214~~579

Fixtures and equipment

4,~~883~~958,~~392~~774

4,521,044

4,~~341~~428,~~764~~436

Leasehold improvements

1,~~727~~788,~~314~~261

1,701,340

1,~~607~~637,~~226~~771

Construction-in-progress

~~394~~431,~~493~~577

807,256

~~694~~749,~~574~~911

8,827,054

8,523,136

8,129,778

9,011,914

8,523,136

8,303,697

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

45,~~920~~024,~~714~~667

4,730,733

4,~~546~~646,~~243~~018

Property and equipment, net

3,~~906~~987,~~340~~247

3,792,403

3,~~583~~657,~~535~~679

Operating lease assets

3,~~374~~498,~~582~~077

3,294,858

3,~~234~~349,~~180~~427

Other long-term assets

~~288~~299,~~761~~990

279,375

~~265~~271,~~323~~791

Total assets

1415,~~495~~414,~~519~~966

14,905,332

14,~~678~~905,~~021~~186

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

Current Liabilities

Accounts payable

2,~~205~~645,~~613~~234

2,126,317

2,~~217~~346,~~227~~479

Accrued expenses and other

~~655~~689,~~218~~539

626,490

~~639~~637,~~703~~332

Current operating lease liabilities

~~716~~723,~~162~~512

703,337

~~691~~699,~~036~~200

Accrued payroll and benefits

~~315~~438,~~893~~989

462,284

~~353~~459,~~980~~094

Income taxes payable

—23,080

43,666

232,~~266~~186

Current portion of long-term debt

499,~~122~~432

699,731

~~949~~699,~~028~~407

Total current liabilities

45,~~392~~019,~~008~~786

4,661,825

4,~~874~~843,~~240~~698

Long-term debt

1,017,~~218~~540

1,515,080

1,~~513~~514,~~826~~452

Non-current operating lease liabilities

2,~~835~~948,~~481~~105

2,764,281

2,~~710~~821,~~239~~417

Other long-term liabilities

~~279~~295,~~258~~257

267,911

~~254~~265,~~487~~673

Deferred income taxes

~~238~~250,~~985~~276

187,040

~~194~~196,~~697~~583

Commitments and contingencies

Stockholders’ Equity

Common stock, par value $.01 per share Authorized 1,000,000,000 shares Issued and outstanding 325,531,000, 328,813,000 and 332,075,000 shares, respectively

3,255

3,288

3,321

Common stock, par value $.01 per share Authorized 1,000,000,000 shares Issued and outstanding 323,735,000, 328,813,000 and 330,258,000 shares, respectively

3,237

3,288

3,303

Additional paid-in capital

2,~~170~~212,~~734~~220

2,097,110

2,~~024~~060,~~822~~801

Treasury stock

(~~783~~799,~~830~~288)

(719,410)

(~~705~~719,~~046~~410)

Retained earnings

4,~~342~~467,~~410~~833

4,128,207

3,~~807~~918,~~435~~669

Total stockholders’ equity

5,~~732~~884,~~569~~002

5,509,195

5,~~130~~263,~~532~~363

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

1415,~~495~~414,~~519~~966

14,905,332

14,~~678~~905,~~021~~186

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

	Six Months Ended August 2, 2025
	Nine Months Ended November 1, 2025
	Common stock			Additionalpaid-incapital		Treasurystock		Retainedearnings
($ and shares in 000, except per share data, unaudited)	Shares	Amount								Total
Balance at February 1, 2025	328,813	$	3,288	$	2,097,110	$	(719,410)	$	4,128,207		$	5,509,195
Net earnings	—	—		—		—		479,249			479,249
Common stock issued under stock plans, net of shares used for tax withholding	551	6		6,137		(60,131)		—			(53,988)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		39,296		—		—			39,296
Common stock repurchased, inclusive of excise tax	(1,980)	(20)		(11,010)		—		(253,344)			(264,374)
Dividends declared ($0.4050 per share)	—	—		—		—		(133,300)			(133,300)
Balance at May 3, 2025	327,384	$	3,274	$	2,131,533	$	(779,541)	$	4,220,812		$	5,576,078
Net earnings	—	—		—		—		507,995			507,995
Common stock issued under stock plans, net of shares used for tax withholding	75	1		6,236		(4,289)		—			1,948
Stock-based compensation	—	—		43,943		—		—			43,943
Common stock repurchased, inclusive of excise tax	(1,928)	(20)		(10,978)		—		(254,060)			(265,058)
Dividends declared ($0.4050 per share)	—	—		—		—		(132,337)			(132,337)
Balance at August 2, 2025	325,531	$	3,255	$	2,170,734	$	(783,830)	$	4,342,410		$	5,732,569
Net earnings	—	—		—		—		511,935			511,935
Common stock issued under stock plans, net of shares used for tax withholding	(55)	(1)		6,531		(15,458)		—			(8,928)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		44,943		—		—			44,943
Common stock repurchased, inclusive of excise tax	(1,741)	(17)		(9,988)		—		(254,955)			(264,960)
Dividends declared ($0.4050 per share)	—	—		—		—		(131,557)			(131,557)
Balance at November 1, 2025	323,735	$	3,237	$	2,212,220	$	(799,288)	$	4,467,833		$	5,884,002
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

	Six Months Ended August 3, 2024
	Common stock			Additionalpaid-incapital		Treasurystock		Retainedearnings
($ and shares in 000, except per share data, unaudited)	Shares	Amount								Total
Balance at February 3, 2024	335,172	$	3,352	$	1,952,625	$	(633,318)	$	3,548,667		$	4,871,326
Net earnings	—	—		—		—		487,990			487,990
Common stock issued under stock plans, net of shares used for tax withholding	642	6		6,218		(70,480)		—			(64,256)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		40,447		—		—			40,447
Common stock repurchased, inclusive of excise tax	(1,892)	(19)		(9,368)		—		(254,870)			(264,257)
Dividends declared ($0.3675 per share)	—	—		—		—		(123,298)			(123,298)
Balance at May 4, 2024	333,922	$	3,339	$	1,989,922	$	(703,798)	$	3,658,489		$	4,947,952
Net earnings	—	—		—		—		527,148			527,148
Common stock issued under stock plans, net of shares used for tax withholding	(7)	—		6,194		(1,248)		—			4,946
Stock-based compensation	—	—		38,021		—		—			38,021
Common stock repurchased, inclusive of excise tax	(1,840)	(18)		(9,315)		—		(255,749)			(265,082)
Dividends declared ($0.3675 per share)	—	—		—		—		(122,453)			(122,453)
Balance at August 3, 2024	332,075	$	3,321	$	2,024,822	$	(705,046)	$	3,807,435		$	5,130,532
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

	Six Months Ended
($000, unaudited)	August 2, 2025		August 3, 2024
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
Net earnings	$	987,244	$	1,015,138
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash providedby operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	242,337		217,781
Stock-based compensation	83,239		78,468
Deferred income taxes	51,945		(1,541)
Change in assets and liabilities:
Merchandise inventory	(163,972)		(298,338)
Other current assets	(92,049)		(81,363)
Accounts payable	101,937		271,582
Other current liabilities	(83,135)		(197,585)
Income taxes	(54,139)		(46,708)
Operating lease assets and liabilities, net	4,301		6,962
Other long-term, net	369		(3,354)
Net cash provided by operating activities	1,078,077		961,042
Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Additions to property and equipment	(409,105)		(333,735)
Net cash used in investing activities	(409,105)		(333,735)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
Issuance of common stock related to stock plans	12,380		12,418
Treasury stock purchased	(64,420)		(71,728)
Repurchase of common stock	(525,021)		(524,979)
Excise tax paid on repurchase of common stock	(9,443)		—
Dividends paid	(265,637)		(245,751)
Payment of long-term debt	(700,000)		—
Net cash used in financing activities	(1,552,141)		(830,040)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents	(883,169)		(202,733)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Beginning of period	4,796,462		4,935,441
End of period	$	3,913,293	$	4,732,708
Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
Interest paid	$	35,939	$	40,158
Income taxes paid, net	$	326,449	$	372,756

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


	Nine Months Ended November 2, 2024

	Common stock			Additional paid-in capital		Treasury stock		Retained earnings
($ and shares in 000, except per share data, unaudited)	Shares	Amount								Total
Balance at February 3, 2024	335,172	$	3,352	$	1,952,625	$	(633,318)	$	3,548,667		$	4,871,326
Net earnings	—	—		—		—		487,990			487,990
Common stock issued under stock plans, net of shares used for tax withholding	642	6		6,218		(70,480)		—			(64,256)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		40,447		—		—			40,447
Common stock repurchased, inclusive of excise tax	(1,892)	(19)		(9,368)		—		(254,870)			(264,257)
Dividends declared ($0.3675 per share)	—	—		—		—		(123,298)			(123,298)
Balance at May 4, 2024	333,922	$	3,339	$	1,989,922	$	(703,798)	$	3,658,489		$	4,947,952
Net earnings	—	—		—		—		527,148			527,148
Common stock issued under stock plans, net of shares used for tax withholding	(7)	—		6,194		(1,248)		—			4,946
Stock-based compensation	—	—		38,021		—		—			38,021
Common stock repurchased, inclusive of excise tax	(1,840)	(18)		(9,315)		—		(255,749)			(265,082)
Dividends declared ($0.3675 per share)	—	—		—		—		(122,453)			(122,453)
Balance at August 3, 2024	332,075	$	3,321	$	2,024,822	$	(705,046)	$	3,807,435		$	5,130,532
Net earnings	—	—		—		—		488,808			488,808
Common stock issued under stock plans, net of shares used for tax withholding	(29)	—		6,351		(14,364)		—			(8,013)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		38,744		—		—			38,744
Common stock repurchased, inclusive of excise tax	(1,788)	(18)		(9,116)		—		(255,833)			(264,967)
Dividends declared ($0.3675 per share)	—	—		—		—		(121,741)			(121,741)
Balance at November 2, 2024	330,258	$	3,303	$	2,060,801	$	(719,410)	$	3,918,669		$	5,263,363
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows


	Nine Months Ended
($000, unaudited)	November 1, 2025		November 2, 2024
Cash Flows From Operating Activities
Net earnings	$	1,499,179	$	1,503,946
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	374,524		329,584

Stock-based compensation	128,182		117,212
Deferred income taxes	63,236		345


Change in assets and liabilities:
Merchandise inventory	(684,458)		(666,886)
Other current assets	(75,708)		(62,793)
Accounts payable	537,559		390,398
Other current liabilities	72,256		(83,300)
Income taxes	(11,270)		(64,016)
Operating lease assets and liabilities, net	780		11,057
Other long-term, net	885		(1,116)
Net cash provided by operating activities	1,905,165		1,474,431

Cash Flows From Investing Activities
Additions to property and equipment	(618,366)		(514,122)


Net cash used in investing activities	(618,366)		(514,122)

Cash Flows From Financing Activities
Issuance of common stock related to stock plans	18,910		18,769
Treasury stock purchased	(79,878)		(86,092)
Repurchase of common stock	(787,521)		(787,479)
Excise tax paid on repurchase of common stock	(9,443)		(8,798)
Dividends paid	(397,194)		(367,492)



Payment of long-term debt	(700,000)		(250,000)

Net cash used in financing activities	(1,955,126)		(1,481,092)

Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents	(668,327)		(520,783)

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents:
Beginning of period	4,796,462		4,935,441
End of period	$	4,128,135	$	4,414,658

Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
Interest paid	$	55,778	$	80,316
Income taxes paid, net	$	442,751	$	546,113

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Three and ~~Six~~Nine Months Ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024

(Unaudited)

Note A: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of presentation. The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared from the records of Ross Stores, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) without audit and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments (consisting of only normal, recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, and the results of operations, comprehensive income, and stockholders’ equity for the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, and the cash flows for the ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of February 1, 2025, presented herein, has been derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year then ended.

Certain information and disclosures normally included in the notes to annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted for purposes of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements, including notes thereto, contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended February 1, 2025.

The results of operations, comprehensive income, and stockholders’ equity for the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, and the cash flows for the ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024 presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year. The fiscal years ending January 31, 2026 and February 1, 2025 are referred to as fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024, respectively, and are both 52-week years. The three month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024 are referred to as the ~~second~~third quarter of fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024, respectively.

Use of accounting estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from the Company’s estimates. The Company’s significant accounting estimates include valuation reserves for inventory, packaway and other inventory carrying costs, useful lives of fixed assets, insurance reserves, reserves for uncertain tax positions, and legal claims.

Segment reporting. The Company has one reportable segment. Refer to Note G: Segment Reporting for additional information.

Cash and cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid, fixed income instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less. The institutions where these instruments are held could potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk. The Company manages its risk associated with these instruments by primarily by holding its cash and cash equivalents across a highly diversified set of banks and other financial institutions.

Restricted cash and cash equivalents. Restricted cash and cash equivalents serve as collateral for certain insurance obligations. These restricted funds are invested in bank deposits, money market mutual funds, and U.S. Government and agency securities and cannot be withdrawn from the Company’s account without the prior written consent of the secured parties. The classification between current and long-term is based on the timing of expected payments of the obligations.

The Company uses standby letters of credit in addition to a funded trust to collateralize certain insurance obligations. The standby letters of credit are collateralized by restricted cash. As of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, February 1, 2025, and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, the Company had $1.0 million, $1.8 million, and $2.2 million, respectively, in standby letters of credit outstanding. As of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, February 1, 2025, and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, the Company had $6566.30 million, $63.9 million, and $6263.42 million, respectively, in a collateral trust.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, that reconcile to the amounts shown on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:

($000)

~~August~~November 21, 2025

February 1, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

Cash and cash equivalents

34,~~847~~061,~~016~~173

4,730,744

4,~~668~~349,~~137~~262

Restricted cash and cash equivalents included in:

Prepaid expenses and other

17,~~232~~410

17,087

1415,~~851~~041

Other long-term assets

49,~~045~~552

48,631

4950,~~720~~355

Total restricted cash and cash equivalents

66,~~277~~962

65,718

6465,~~571~~396

Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents

34,~~913~~128,~~293~~135

4,796,462

4,~~732~~414,~~708~~658

Property and equipment. As of ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, the Company had $3236.76 million and $3339.95 million, respectively, of property and equipment purchased but not yet paid. These purchases are included in Property and equipment, Accounts payable, and Accrued expenses and other in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment for the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024 were as follows:

Three Months Ended

~~Six~~Nine Months Ended

($000)

~~August~~November 21, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

~~August~~November 21, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

Depreciation and amortization expense

~~126~~132,~~399~~187

~~108~~111,~~595~~803

~~242~~374,~~337~~524

~~217~~329,~~781~~584

Operating leases. Operating lease assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities (includes new leases and remeasurements or modifications of existing leases) for the ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024 were $~~427~~729.41 million and $~~440~~725.61 million, respectively.

Supply chain finance program. The Company facilitates a voluntary supply chain finance program (“SCF program”) to provide certain suppliers with the opportunity to sell their receivables due from the Company to participating financial institutions at the sole discretion of both the suppliers and the financial institutions. A third-party financial institution administers the SCF program. The Company’s responsibility is limited to making payments on the terms originally negotiated with each supplier, regardless of whether a supplier sells its receivable to a financial institution. The Company is not a party to the agreements between the participating financial institutions and the suppliers in connection with the SCF program, and does not receive financial incentives from the suppliers or the financial institutions. The Company does not provide guarantees under the SCF program, and the Company’s rights and obligations to its suppliers are not affected by the SCF program. The range of payment terms negotiated with a supplier is consistent, irrespective of whether a supplier participates in the SCF program.

All outstanding payments owed under the SCF program are recorded within Accounts payable in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company accounts for all payments made under the SCF program as a reduction to operating cash flows in Accounts payable within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The amounts owed to participating financial institutions under the SCF program and included in Accounts payable were $~~186~~188.85 million, $159.2 million, and $~~182~~148.58 million as of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, February 1, 2025, and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, respectively.

Cash dividends. On ~~August~~November 2019, 2025, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.4050 per common share, payable on ~~September~~December 3031, 2025. The Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash ~~dividend~~dividends of $0.4050 per common share in March, May, and ~~May~~August 2025, and $0.3675 per common share in March, May, August, and November 2024.

Stock repurchases. In March 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a two-year stock repurchase program to repurchase up to $2.1 billion of the Company’s common stock through fiscal 2025. During the ~~six~~nine month period ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025, the Company repurchased 35.96 million shares of common stock for $~~525~~787.05 million (excluding excise tax) under this program. As of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, there was $~~525~~262.05 million available for repurchase under this program. During the ~~six~~nine month period ended ~~August~~November 32, 2024, the Company repurchased 35.75 million shares of common stock for $~~525~~787.05 million (excluding excise tax) under this program.

910

Stock repurchased for tax withholding is considered treasury stock which is available for reissuance. During the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025, shares purchased by the Company for tax withholding totaled ~~32,000~~0.1 million and ~~518~~0.6 million,~~000,~~ respectively. During the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 32, 2024, shares purchased by the Company for tax withholding totaled ~~9,000~~0.1 million and ~~494~~0.6 million,~~000,~~ respectively.

Litigation, claims, and assessments. Like many retailers, the Company has been named in class/representative action lawsuits, primarily in California, alleging violations by the Company of wage and hour laws. Class/representative action litigation remains pending as of ~~August~~November 21, 2025.

The Company is also party to various other legal and regulatory proceedings arising in the normal course of business. Actions filed against the Company may include commercial, product and product safety, consumer, intellectual property, environmental, and labor and employment-related claims, including lawsuits in which private plaintiffs or governmental agencies allege that the Company violated federal, state, and/or local laws. Actions against the Company are in various procedural stages. Many of these proceedings raise factual and legal issues and are subject to uncertainties.

In the opinion of management, the resolution of currently pending class/representative action litigation and other currently pending legal and regulatory proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Revenue recognition. The following sales mix table disaggregates revenue by merchandise category for the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024:

	Three Months Ended				~~Six~~Nine Months Ended
	August 2, 2025		August 3, 2024		August 2, 2025		August 3, 2024
	November 1, 2025		November 2, 2024		November 1, 2025		November 2, 2024
Home Accents and Bed and Bath	2325	%	2425	%	24	%	25	%
Ladies	23	%	23	%	23	%	23	%
Men’s	1716	%	1716	%	16	%	16	%
Accessories, Lingerie, Fine Jewelry, and Cosmetics	1514	%	14	%	15	%	14	%
Shoes	13	%	13	%	13	%	13	%
Children’s	9	%	9	%	9	%	9	%
Total	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%

Interest income, net. The table below shows the components of interest income, net for the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024:

Three Months Ended

~~Six~~Nine Months Ended

($000)

~~August~~November 21, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

~~August~~November 21, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

Interest income

(4042,~~326~~871)

(6057,~~282~~922)

(87130,~~194~~065)

(~~123~~181,~~500~~422)

Capitalized interest

(21,~~963~~979)

(45,~~577~~047)

(810,~~367~~346)

(813,~~842~~889)

Other interest expense

~~392~~381

~~367~~417

~~792~~1,173

~~725~~1,142

Interest expense on long-term debt

10,~~551~~569

2120,~~142~~025

2838,~~014~~583

4262,~~317~~342

Interest income, net

(3233,~~346~~900)

(4342,~~350~~527)

(66100,~~755~~655)

(89131,~~300~~827)

Recently issued accounting standards. In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The ASU is intended to enhance transparency of income statement disclosures primarily through additional disaggregation of relevant expense captions. The standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with prospective or retrospective application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.

1011

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The ASU is intended to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. It requires the Company to disclose disaggregated jurisdictional and categorical information for the tax rate reconciliation and the amount of income taxes paid as well as additional income tax related amounts. The new guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with prospective or retrospective application permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.

Note B: Fair Value Measurements

Accounting standards pertaining to fair value measurements establish a three-tier fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The inputs used to measure fair value include: Level 1, observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists. This fair value hierarchy requires the Company to develop its own assumptions, maximize the use of observable inputs, and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. Corporate and U.S. government and agency securities are classified within Level 1 because these securities are valued using quoted market prices.

The fair value of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:

($000)	~~August~~November 21, 2025		February 1, 2025		~~August~~November 32, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents (Level 1)	$	34,~~847~~061,~~016~~173	$	4,730,744	$	4,~~668~~349,~~137~~262
Restricted cash and cash equivalents (Level 1)	$	66,~~277~~962	$	65,718	$	6465,~~571~~396

The underlying assets in the Company’s nonqualified deferred compensation program as of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, February 1, 2025, and ~~August~~November 32, 2024 (included in Other long-term assets and in Other long-term liabilities) primarily consist of participant-directed money market, stock, and bond funds. The fair value measurement for funds with quoted market prices in active markets (Level 1) are as follows:

($000)			~~August~~November 21, 2025						February 1, 2025						~~August~~November 32, 2024
Nonqualified deferred compensation program (Level 1)			$	~~204~~215,~~363~~469					$	196,786					$	~~181~~189,~~855~~522

Note C: Stock-Based Compensation

Restricted stock awards. The Company grants shares of restricted stock or restricted stock units to directors, officers, and key employees. The fair value of shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units at the date of grant is amortized to expense over the vesting period of generally three to five years.

Performance share awards. The Company has a performance share award program for senior executives. A performance share award represents a right to receive shares of restricted stock on a specified settlement date based on the Company’s attainment of a performance goal during the performance period, which is the Company’s fiscal year. If attained, the restricted stock then vests over a service period, generally three years from the date the performance award was granted.

In fiscal 2024, the Company granted a performance-conditioned restricted stock unit award (“PRSU”) in connection with the hiring of its ~~current~~ Chief Executive Officer. The PRSU is subject to vesting based on both service and market-based conditions, over a period that ends in March 2029.

Restricted stock awards and performance awards (including the PRSU) are collectively referred to as stock awards.

A summary of stock awards activity for the six month period ended August 2, 2025, is presented below:

	Number of shares (000)	Weighted-averagegrant datefair value
Unvested at February 1, 2025	4,157	$	117.02
Awarded	1,025	136.66
Released	(1,190)	111.40
Forfeited	(85)	119.27
Unvested at August 2, 2025	3,907	$	123.84

The 51,164 PRSU shares awarded in fiscal 2024 all remain unvested as of August 2, 2025. The weighted-average grant date fair value of the PRSU shares was $135.83.

The unamortized stock awards compensation expense at August 2, 2025 was $278.2 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining period of 1.9 years. The unamortized stock award compensation expense at August 3, 2024 was $235.7 million, which was expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining period of 1.9 years.

Employee stock purchase plan. Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), eligible employees participating in the quarterly offering period can choose to have up to the lesser of 10% of their annual base earnings or the IRS annual share purchase limit of $25,000 in aggregate market value withheld to purchase the Company’s common stock. The purchase price of the stock is 85% of the closing market price on the date of purchase. Purchases occur on a quarterly basis (on the last trading day of each calendar quarter). The Company recognizes expense for ESPP purchase rights equal to the value of the 15% discount given on the purchase date.

For the three and six month periods ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
($000)	August 2, 2025		August 3, 2024		August 2, 2025		August 3, 2024
Restricted stock	$	27,200	$	21,676	$	53,549	$	44,910
Performance awards	15,643		15,252		27,505		31,366
Employee stock purchase plan	1,100		1,093		2,185		2,192
Total	$	43,943	$	38,021	$	83,239	$	78,468

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three and six month periods ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
Statements of Earnings Classification ($000)	August 2, 2025		August 3, 2024		August 2, 2025		August 3, 2024
Cost of goods sold	$	18,660	$	17,066	$	36,263	$	36,691
Selling, general and administrative	25,283		20,955		46,976		41,777
Total	$	43,943	$	38,021	$	83,239	$	78,468

The tax benefits related to stock-based compensation expense for the three and six month periods ended August 2, 2025 were $7.2 million and $13.8 million, respectively. The tax benefits related to stock-based compensation expense for the three and six month periods ended August 3, 2024 were $7.1 million and $15.0 million, respectively.

A summary of stock awards activity for the nine month period ended November 1, 2025, is presented below:


	Number of shares (000)	Weighted-average grant date fair value
Unvested at February 1, 2025	4,157	$	117.02
Awarded	1,091	137.53
Released	(1,406)	113.65
Forfeited	(154)	120.27
Unvested at November 1, 2025	3,688	$	124.23

The 51,164 PRSU shares awarded in fiscal 2024 all remain unvested as of November 1, 2025. The weighted-average grant date fair value of the PRSU shares was $135.83.

The unamortized stock awards compensation expense at November 1, 2025 was $235.9 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining period of 1.7 years. The unamortized stock award compensation expense at November 2, 2024 was $200.7 million, which was expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining period of 1.8 years.

Employee stock purchase plan. Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), eligible employees participating in the quarterly offering period can choose to have up to the lesser of 10% of their annual base earnings or the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) annual share purchase limit of $25,000 in aggregate market value withheld to purchase the Company’s common stock. The purchase price of the stock is 85% of the closing market price on the date of purchase. Purchases occur on a quarterly basis (on the last trading day of each calendar quarter). The Company recognizes expense for ESPP purchase rights equal to the value of the 15% discount given on the purchase date.

For the three and nine month periods ended November 1, 2025 and November 2, 2024, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
($000)	November 1, 2025		November 2, 2024		November 1, 2025		November 2, 2024
Restricted stock	$	23,969	$	22,781	$	77,518	$	67,691
Performance awards	19,821		14,842		47,326		46,208
Employee stock purchase plan	1,153		1,121		3,338		3,313
Total	$	44,943	$	38,744	$	128,182	$	117,212

Total stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three and nine month periods ended November 1, 2025 and November 2, 2024 is as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
Statements of Earnings Classification ($000)	November 1, 2025		November 2, 2024		November 1, 2025		November 2, 2024
Cost of goods sold	$	18,357	$	19,125	$	54,620	$	55,816
Selling, general and administrative	26,586		19,619		73,562		61,396
Total	$	44,943	$	38,744	$	128,182	$	117,212

The tax benefits related to stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine month periods ended November 1, 2025 were $7.3 million and $21.1 million, respectively. The tax benefits related to stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine month periods ended November 2, 2024 were $7.2 million and $22.2 million, respectively.

Note D: Earnings Per Share

The Company computes and reports both basic earnings per share (“EPS”) and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net earnings by the sum of the weighted-average number of common shares and dilutive common stock equivalents outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the total potential dilution that could occur from outstanding equity plan awards and unvested shares of both performance and non-performance based awards of restricted stock and restricted stock units.

Shares are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS if their effect would have been anti-dilutive to the calculation of diluted EPS. For the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025, approximately 287,000 and 5720,000 weighted-average shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS, respectively. For the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 32, 2024, approximately 25,000 and 34,000 weighted-average shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS, respectively.

The following is a reconciliation of the number of shares (denominator) used in the basic and diluted EPS computations:

	Three Months Ended						~~Six~~Nine Months Ended
Shares in (000s)	Basic EPS		Effect ofdilutivecommon stockequivalents		DilutedEPS		Basic EPS		Effect ofdilutivecommon stockequivalents		DilutedEPS
August 2, 2025
November 1, 2025
Shares	~~323~~321,~~000~~270		12,~~796~~027		~~324~~323,~~796~~297		323,~~938~~049		12,~~971~~005		325,~~909~~054
Amount	$	1.5759	$	(0.01)	$	1.5658	$	34.0564	$	(0.0203)	$	34.0361
August 3, 2024
November 2, 2024
Shares	~~329~~327,~~392~~710		2,~~119~~227		~~331~~329,~~511~~937		~~330~~329,~~325~~453		2,~~295~~275		~~332~~331,~~620~~728
Amount	$	1.6049	$	(0.01)	$	1.5948	$	34.0756	$	(0.0203)	$	34.0553

Note E: Debt

Senior Notes. Unsecured senior debt (the “Senior Notes”), net of unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs, consisted of the following:

($000)	~~August~~November 21, 2025		February 1, 2025		~~August~~November 32, 2024
3.375% Senior Notes due 2024	$	—	$	—	$	249,943
4.600% Senior Notes due 2025	—		699,731		699,407
4.600% Senior Notes due 2025	—		699,731		699,085
0.875% Senior Notes due 2026	499,432		498,503		498,194
0.875% Senior Notes due 2026	499,122		498,503		497,885
4.700% Senior Notes due 2027	241,116		240,778		240,666
4.700% Senior Notes due 2027	241,003		240,778		240,555
4.800% Senior Notes due 2030	133,088		132,953		132,909
4.800% Senior Notes due 2030	133,043		132,953		132,864
1.875% Senior Notes due 2031	496,819		496,390		496,247
1.875% Senior Notes due 2031	496,676		496,390		496,105
5.450% Senior Notes due 2050	146,517		146,456		146,436
5.450% Senior Notes due 2050	146,496		146,456		146,417
Total long-term debt1	$	1,516,972	$	2,214,811	$	2,213,859
Total long-term debt1	$	1,516,340	$	2,214,811	$	2,462,854
Less: current portion	$	499,432	$	699,731	$	699,407
Less: current portion	$	499,122	$	699,731	$	949,028
Total due beyond one year	$	1,017,540	$	1,515,080	$	1,514,452
Total due beyond one year	$	1,017,218	$	1,515,080	$	1,513,826
1 Net of unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs of $8.0 million, $10.2 million, and $11.1 million as of November 1, 2025, February 1, 2025, and November 2, 2024, respectively.
1 Net of unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs of $8.7 million, $10.2 million, and $12.1 million as of August 2, 2025, February 1, 2025, and August 3, 2024, respectively.

Interest on all Senior Notes is payable semi-annually and the Senior Notes are subject to prepayment penalties for early payment of principal.

1314

In April 2025, the Company repaid at maturity the $700 million principal amount of the 4.600% Senior Notes.

The aggregate fair value of the remaining five outstanding series of Senior Notes was approximately $1.4 billion as of ~~August~~November 21, 2025. The aggregate fair value of the six then outstanding series of Senior Notes was approximately $2.1 billion as of both February 1, 2025. ~~The~~and ~~aggregate fair value of the seven then outstanding series of Senior Notes was approximately $2.4~~November ~~billion as of August 3~~2, 2024. The fair value is estimated by obtaining comparable market quotes, which are considered to be Level 1 inputs under the fair value measurements and disclosures guidance.

Revolving credit facilities. In June 2025, the Company entered into a ~~new,~~ $1.3 billion senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the “2025 Credit Facility”), which replaced its previous $1.3 billion unsecured credit facility. The 2025 Credit Facility expires in June 2030 and may be extended at the Company’s request for up to two additional one-year periods subject to customary conditions. The 2025 Credit Facility contains a $300 million sublimit for issuance of standby letters of credit. It also contains an option allowing the Company to increase the size of its Credit Facility by up to an additional $700 million, with the agreement of the committing lenders. Interest on borrowings under this Credit Facility is a term rate based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“Term SOFR”) (or an alternate benchmark rate, if Term SOFR is no longer available) plus an applicable margin, and is payable quarterly and upon maturity.

The 2025 Credit Facility is subject to a quarterly Consolidated Adjusted Debt to Consolidated EBITDAR financial leverage ratio covenant. As of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenant, had no borrowings or standby letters of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility, and the $1.3 billion Credit Facility remained in place and available.

Note F: Taxes on Earnings

The Company’s effective tax rate is impacted by changes in tax laws and accounting guidance, location of new stores, level of earnings, tax effects associated with stock-based compensation, and the resolution of tax positions with various tax authorities. The Company’s effective tax ~~rates~~rate for the three month ~~periods~~period ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 ~~and~~was ~~August 3, 2024 were~~ approximately ~~24% and~~ 25%, ~~respectively.~~compared ~~The~~to ~~one~~approximately ~~percent~~24% ~~decrease in the effective tax rate~~ for the three month period ended ~~August~~November 2, ~~2025 compared to the three month period ended August 3,~~ 2024 ~~was primarily due to the resolution of tax positions with various tax authorities~~. The Company’s effective tax ~~rates~~rate for the ~~six~~nine month ~~periods~~period ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 ~~and~~was ~~August 3~~approximately 25%, ~~2024~~compared ~~were~~to approximately 2524% ~~and~~for ~~24%~~the nine month period ended November 2, ~~respectively~~2024. The ~~one~~increases ~~percent increase~~ in the effective tax ~~rate~~rates for the ~~six~~three and nine month ~~period~~periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 compared to the ~~six~~three and nine month ~~period~~periods ended ~~August~~November 32, 2024 ~~was~~were primarily due to the tax effects associated with stock-based compensation.

As of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, February 1, 2025, and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, the reserves for unrecognized tax benefits were $6671.57 million, $62.2 million, and $6367.21 million, inclusive of $89.9 million, $7.9 million, and $89.0 million of related interest and penalties, respectively. The Company accounts for interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a part of its provision for taxes on earnings. If recognized, $5257.81 million would impact the Company’s effective tax rate. It is reasonably possible that certain federal and state tax matters may be concluded or statutes of limitations may lapse during the next 12 months. Accordingly, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits may decrease by up to $98.79 million. The difference between the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits and the amounts that would impact the effective tax rate relates to amounts attributable to deferred income tax assets and liabilities. These amounts are net of federal and state income taxes.

The Company is open to audit by the ~~Internal~~IRS ~~Revenue Service~~ under the statute of limitations for fiscal years ~~2021~~2022 through 2024. The Company’s state income tax returns are generally open to audit under the various statutes of limitations for fiscal years 2020 through 2024. Certain state tax returns are currently under audit by various tax authorities. The Company does not expect the results of these audits to have a material impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

In July 2025, “An Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res. 14.”, also known as the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” (“OBBBA”), was signed into law. The OBBBA made several changes to business tax provisions including the reinstatement of 100% bonus depreciation and immediate expensing of domestic research and development expenditures. AsThese ofchanges ~~August 2,~~are ~~2025,~~not ~~the~~expected ~~OBBBA~~to ~~resulted~~have ina anmaterial ~~increase~~impact toon the Company’s ~~deferred~~income tax ~~liability~~provision ~~balance~~for offiscal ~~approximately~~2025 ~~$30~~but ~~million~~are ~~primarily~~expected ~~due~~ to lower the ~~reinstatement~~Company’s ofcurrent ~~100%~~year ~~bonus~~cash ~~depreciation~~tax payments.

1415

Note G: Segment Reporting

The Company has two operating segments: Ross and dd’s DISCOUNTS. Each operating segment’s operations include only activities related to off-price retailing in stores throughout the United States and its territories. The Company determined that the two operating segments share similar economic and other qualitative characteristics and are therefore aggregated into one reportable segment.

The Company considers operating income, defined as earnings before interest and taxes, to be the measure of profit or loss for its reportable segment. The measure of segment assets is reported on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as Total assets. Segment information is prepared on the same basis that the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), manages the segments. The CODM uses operating income to monitor budget versus actual results, make key operating decisions, perform competitive analysis to the Company’s peers, and make resource allocation decisions.

The financial information below, including the significant expense categories regularly provided to the CODM, is presented for the Company’s reportable segment for the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024:

Three Months Ended

~~Six~~Nine Months Ended

($000)

~~August~~November 21, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

~~August~~November 21, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

Sales

5,~~529~~600,~~152~~946

5,~~287~~071,~~519~~354

1016,~~514~~115,~~123~~069

1015,~~145~~216,~~586~~940

Costs and Expenses1

Cost of goods sold, excluding occupancy costs2

3,~~669~~685,~~114~~711

3,~~477~~316,~~186~~632

610,~~923~~609,~~765~~476

69,~~657~~974,~~652~~284

Occupancy costs

~~333~~346,~~053~~735

~~314~~317,~~743~~651

~~659~~1,~~768~~006,503

~~624~~942,~~949~~600

Store related costs3

752,101

715,869

1,429,515

1,370,337

Store-related costs3

766,945

712,728

2,196,459

2,083,065

Other segment items4

~~136~~153,~~610~~057

120,~~488~~127

~~256~~409,~~331~~389

~~242~~362,~~302~~429

Segment operating income

~~638~~648,~~274~~498

~~659~~604,~~233~~216

1,~~244~~893,~~744~~242

1,~~250~~854,~~346~~562

Interest income, net5

(3233,~~346~~900)

(4342,~~350~~527)

(66100,~~755~~655)

(89131,~~300~~827)

Earnings before taxes

~~670~~682,~~620~~398

~~702~~646,~~583~~743

1,~~311~~993,~~499~~897

1,~~339~~986,~~646~~389

1 Refer to Note A: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for depreciation and amortization expense.

2 Cost of goods sold, excluding occupancy costs primarily includes merchandise related costs, distribution costs, freight costs, and buying costs.

3 Store related costs primarily includes store payroll, other store operating expenses, and advertising costs.

3 Store-related costs primarily includes store payroll, other store operating expenses, and advertising costs.

4 Other segment items included in Segment operating income primarily includes other general and administrative expenses.

4 Other segment items primarily includes other general and administrative expenses.

5 Refer to Note A: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosure of the components of Interest income, net.

1516

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Ross Stores, Inc.:

Results of Review of Interim Financial Information

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets of Ross Stores, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, the related condensed consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, and stockholders’ equity, for the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, and cash flows for the ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “interim financial information”). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial information for it to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of February 1, 2025, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated March 31, 2025, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of February 1, 2025, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

Basis for Review Results

This interim financial information is the responsibility of the Company’s management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our reviews in accordance with standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

San Francisco, California

~~September~~December 9, 2025

1617

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF

OPERATIONS

This section and other parts of this Form 10-Q contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed below under the caption “Forward-Looking Statements” and also those in Part II, Item 1A. (Risk Factors) of this Form 10-Q, and Part I, Item 1A. (Risk Factors) of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2024. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2024. All information is based on our fiscal calendar.

Overview

Ross Stores, Inc. operates two brands of off-price retail apparel and home fashion stores—Ross Dress for Less® (“Ross”) and dd’s DISCOUNTS®. Ross is the largest off-price apparel and home fashion chain in the United States, with 1,~~873~~909 locations in 44 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, and Puerto Rico as of ~~August~~November 21, 2025. Ross offers first-quality, in-season, name brand and designer apparel, accessories, footwear, and home fashions for the entire family at savings of 20% to 60% off department and specialty store regular prices every day. We also operate ~~360~~364 dd’s DISCOUNTS stores in 22 states as of ~~August~~November 21, 2025 that feature a more moderately-priced assortment of first-quality, in-season, name brand apparel, accessories, footwear, and home fashions for the entire family at savings of 20% to 70% off moderate department and discount store regular prices every day.

~~Macroeconomic~~The ~~Conditions~~macroeconomic environment continues to be uncertain. Tariffs remain at elevated levels, inflation persists, and geopolitical conditions and other government actions continue to significantly affect the retail industry. Uncertainty surrounding these factors and pressure on household disposable income impacts consumer spending and confidence. Despite the ongoing challenges and uncertainty in the macroeconomic environment, we remain focused on delivering high quality, branded bargains at compelling values to our customers.

The macroeconomic environment continues to be uncertain. Tariffs remain at elevated levels, and we continue to expect broad-based inflationary pressures across the retail industry. Through these ongoing pressures and uncertainty, we continue to remain focused on offering our customers a wide assortment of high-quality, branded merchandise at outstanding values. We expect to continue to make necessary adjustments with our flexible off-price business model to navigate through this uncertain environment and believe we are well-positioned to capture market share while mitigating the impact from these macroeconomic challenges. Despite the ongoing uncertainty in the external environment, we believe that our merchandising and operational strategies enable us to deliver the values our customers have come to expect from us.

Store Openings

We opened 3140 new stores in the ~~second~~third quarter of fiscal 2025, ~~which~~consisting ~~included~~of ~~expansion~~36 inRoss ~~new~~ and ~~existing~~four ~~markets.~~dd’s ~~New~~DISCOUNTS ~~market entries included several~~ stores. inThese ~~the~~store ~~New~~openings ~~York~~completed ~~Metro area, as well as~~ our ~~three~~expansion ~~inaugural~~program ~~stores~~for infiscal ~~Puerto~~2025, ~~Rico.~~which Weadded ~~opened~~ a total of 5090 new stores ~~in the first six months of fiscal 2025~~ and ~~remain~~growth oninto ~~track to open a total of approximately 90~~ new ~~stores~~markets ~~this~~such ~~year,~~as ~~comprised~~Puerto ofRico ~~about 80 Ross~~ and 10the ~~dd’s~~New ~~DISCOUNTS~~York ~~locations~~Metro area.

Our long-term strategy is to open additional stores based on market penetration, local demographic characteristics, competition, expected store profitability, and the ability to leverage overhead expenses. We continually evaluate opportunistic real estate acquisitions and opportunities for potential new store locations. We also evaluate our current store locations and determine store closures based on similar criteria. We continue to believe that customers’ focus on value and convenience ~~provide~~provides opportunities for us to gain market share.

Sales Metrics

Comparable store sales (“comp store sales”) is a metric used by management and across the retail industry to evaluate the performance of existing stores by measuring the change in net sales for a particular period over the comparable prior period of equivalent length. We define comp store sales to be sales from stores that have been open for 14 complete months.

Sales excluded from comp store sales (“non-comp store sales”) consist primarily of sales from new stores that have been open for less than 14 complete months. Non-comp store sales also include sales from stores that are permanently closed (beginning in the month prior to closure) and temporarily closed (i.e., stores that do not have sales for at least two weeks within a fiscal month).

The calculation of comp store sales varies across the retail industry; therefore, our measure of comp store sales may differ from other retailers.

Metrics relating to customer purchasing behavior, such as “traffic” (defined as the number of transactions) and “basket” (defined as average transaction value), may provide additional insight into our comp store sales results (see Sales discussion).

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our financial results for the three and six month periods ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024:

	Three Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	August 2, 2025			August 3, 2024			August 2, 2025			August 3, 2024
Sales
Sales (billions)	$	5.5		$	5.3		$	10.5		$	10.1
Sales growth	5		%	7		%	4		%	8		%
Comparable store sales growth	2		%	4		%	1		%	3		%
Costs and expenses (as a percent of sales)
Cost of goods sold	72.4		%	71.7		%	72.1		%	71.8		%
Selling, general and administrative	16.1		%	15.8		%	16.1		%	15.9		%
Operating income (as a percent of sales)	11.5		%	12.5		%	11.8		%	12.3		%
Interest income, net (as a percent of sales)	(0.6		%)	(0.8		%)	(0.6		%)	(0.9		%)
Net earnings (as a percent of sales)	9.2		%	10.0		%	9.4		%	10.0		%

Sales. Sales for the three month period ended August 2, 2025 increased $0.2 billion, or 5%, compared to the three month period ended August 3, 2024. This was primarily due to an increase in non-comp store sales of $0.1 billion and the 2% increase in comp store sales of $0.1 billion. The 2% increase in comp store sales reflects an approximate 1% increase in basket and 1% increase in traffic.

Sales for the six month period ended August 2, 2025 increased $0.4 billion, or 4%, compared to the six month period ended August 3, 2024. This was primarily due to an increase in non-comp store sales of $0.3 billion and the 1% increase in comp store sales, or $0.1 billion. The 1% increase in comp store sales is primarily due to an increase in basket.

Our sales mix for the three and six month periods ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024 is shown below:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	August 2, 2025		August 3, 2024		August 2, 2025		August 3, 2024
Home Accents and Bed and Bath	23	%	24	%	24	%	25	%
Ladies	23	%	23	%	23	%	23	%
Men’s	17	%	17	%	16	%	16	%
Accessories, Lingerie, Fine Jewelry, and Cosmetics	15	%	14	%	15	%	14	%
Shoes	13	%	13	%	13	%	13	%
Children’s	9	%	9	%	9	%	9	%
Total	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%

~~Cost~~Results of goods sold. Cost of goods sold for the three and six month periods ended August 2, 2025 increased $210 million and $301 million, respectively, compared to the three and six month periods ended August 3, 2024 primarily due to the increases in sales.Operations

~~Cost~~The offollowing ~~goods~~table ~~sold~~summarizes asour afinancial ~~percentage~~results ~~of sales~~ for the three ~~month~~and ~~period~~nine ~~ended August 2, 2025 increased approximately 70 basis points compared to the three~~ month ~~period~~periods ended ~~August~~November 31, ~~2024, primarily due to a 55 basis point increase in distribution costs mainly due to the deleveraging effect from the opening of our eighth distribution center in Buckeye, Arizona in May~~ 2025 and ~~tariff-related processing costs. Merchandise margin decreased 30 basis points which included the impact of tariffs~~November 2, and occupancy costs deleveraged 10 basis points. Partially offsetting these higher costs were lower domestic freight costs of 15 basis points and lower buying costs of 10 basis points from lower incentive compensation expense.2024:

Cost of goods sold as a percentage of sales for the six month period ended August 2, 2025 increased approximately 35 basis points compared to the six month period ended August 3, 2024, primarily due to a 35 basis point decrease in merchandise margin which included the impact of tariffs. Distribution costs increased by 30 basis points mainly due to the deleveraging effect from the opening of our eighth distribution center in Buckeye, Arizona in May 2025 and tariff-related processing costs. Occupancy costs deleveraged by 10 basis points. Partially offsetting these higher costs were lower buying costs of 25 basis points from lower incentive compensation expense and lower domestic freight costs of 15 basis points.



	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	November 1, 2025			November 2, 2024			November 1, 2025			November 2, 2024
Sales
Sales (billions)	$	5.6		$	5.1		$	16.1		$	15.2
Sales growth	10		%	3		%	6		%	6		%
Comparable store sales growth	7		%	1		%	3		%	3		%

Costs and expenses (as a percent of sales)
Cost of goods sold	72.0		%	71.7		%	72.1		%	71.7		%
Selling, general and administrative	16.4		%	16.4		%	16.2		%	16.1		%

Operating income (as a percent of sales)	11.6		%	11.9		%	11.7		%	12.2		%

Interest income, net (as a percent of sales)	(0.6		%)	(0.8		%)	(0.6		%)	(0.9		%)



Net earnings (as a percent of sales)	9.1		%	9.6		%	9.3		%	9.9		%

~~Selling, general and administrative expenses~~Sales. ~~For~~Sales for the three ~~and six~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025, ~~selling, general and administrative expenses (“SG&A”)~~ increased $520.5 ~~million~~billion, ~~and~~or ~~$73 million~~10%, ~~respectively,~~ compared to the three ~~and six~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~August~~November 32, 2024,. This was primarily due to ~~higher~~the 7% increase in comp store ~~related~~sales ~~costs~~of ~~mainly~~$0.3 ~~from~~billion ~~the~~and an increase in non-comp store sales of $0.2 billion. The 7% comp store sales increase was driven equally by basket and traffic.

~~SG&A~~Sales asfor athe ~~percentage~~nine ofmonth ~~sales~~period ~~for~~ended ~~the~~November 1, ~~three~~2025 ~~and~~increased ~~six~~$0.9 billion, or 6%, compared to the nine month ~~periods~~period ended ~~August~~November 2, ~~2025~~2024. ~~increased~~This bywas 25primarily ~~basis~~due ~~points~~to ~~and~~an 15increase ~~basis~~in ~~points,~~non-comp ~~respectively,~~store ~~compared~~sales toof ~~the~~$0.5 ~~three~~billion and ~~six~~the ~~month~~3% ~~periods~~increase ~~ended~~in ~~August 3,~~comp ~~2024~~store sales, ~~primarily~~or ~~due~~$0.4 tobillion. ~~costs~~The ~~associated~~3% ~~with~~comp ~~our~~store ~~Chief~~sales ~~Executive~~increase ~~Officer~~reflects ~~transition~~an approximate 2% increase in basket and 1% increase in traffic.

~~Operating~~Our ~~income. Operating income as a percentage of~~ sales mix for the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 ~~decreased by 95 basis points~~ and ~~50 basis points, respectively, compared to the three and six month periods ended August~~November 32, 2024, asis ~~both~~shown ~~cost of goods sold and SG&A increased as a percentage of sales period over period.~~below:

Operating income as a percentage of sales for the second quarter of fiscal 2025 included an approximate 90 basis point negative impact from tariff-related costs. Moving into the second half of fiscal 2025, we expect tariff-related costs will continue to have a negative impact to operating income as a percentage of sales. We also expect continued cost of goods sold deleverage from the opening of our eighth distribution center in Buckeye, Arizona in May 2025.


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	November 1, 2025		November 2, 2024		November 1, 2025		November 2, 2024
Home Accents and Bed and Bath	25	%	25	%	24	%	25	%
Ladies	23	%	23	%	23	%	23	%
Men’s	16	%	16	%	16	%	16	%
Accessories, Lingerie, Fine Jewelry, and Cosmetics	14	%	14	%	15	%	14	%
Shoes	13	%	13	%	13	%	13	%
Children’s	9	%	9	%	9	%	9	%
Total	100	%	100	%	100	%	100	%

Interest income, net. For the three and six month periods ended August 2, 2025, interest income, net decreased $11 million and $23 million, respectively, compared to the three and six month periods ended August 3, 2024, primarily due to decreased interest income both from lower average interest rates and from lower average cash balances, which decreased largely due to our repayment at maturity of $700 million of Senior Notes in April 2025 and $250 million of Senior Notes in September 2024. The decrease in interest income was partially offset by lower interest expense due to the repayment of those Senior Notes.

The table below shows the components of interest income, net for the three and six month periods ended August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024:

	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
($000)	August 2, 2025		August 3, 2024		August 2, 2025		August 3, 2024
Interest income	$	(40,326)	$	(60,282)	$	(87,194)	$	(123,500)
Capitalized interest	(2,963)		(4,577)		(8,367)		(8,842)
Other interest expense	392		367		792		725
Interest expense on long-term debt	10,551		21,142		28,014		42,317
Interest income, net	$	(32,346)	$	(43,350)	$	(66,755)	$	(89,300)

~~Taxes~~Cost ~~on earnings. Our effective tax rate is impacted by changes in tax laws and accounting guidance, location~~ of ~~new~~goods ~~stores,~~sold. ~~level~~Cost of ~~earnings,~~goods ~~tax~~sold ~~effects associated with stock-based compensation, and the resolution of tax positions with various tax authorities. Our effective tax rates~~ for the three and nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 ~~and~~increased ~~August 3,~~$0.4 ~~2024~~billion ~~were approximately 24%~~ and ~~25%, respectively~~$0.7 ~~The~~billion, ~~one percent decrease in the effective tax rate for the three month period ended August 2~~respectively, ~~2025~~ compared to the three ~~month~~and ~~period~~nine ~~ended August 3, 2024 was primarily due to the resolution of tax positions with various tax authorities. Our effective tax rates for the six~~ month periods ended ~~August~~November 2, ~~2025 and August 3,~~ 2024 ~~were approximately 25% and 24%~~, ~~respectively. The one percent increase in the effective tax rate for the six month period ended August 2, 2025 compared to the six month period ended August 3, 2024 was~~ primarily due to the ~~tax~~increases ~~effects~~in ~~associated with stock-based compensation~~sales.

InCost ~~July~~of ~~2025,~~goods sold as a percentage of sales for the ~~OBBBA~~three ~~was~~month ~~signed~~period ~~into~~ended ~~law.~~November 1, ~~The~~2025 ~~OBBBA~~increased ~~made~~approximately ~~several~~35 ~~changes~~basis points compared to ~~business~~the ~~tax~~three ~~provisions~~month ~~including~~period ~~the~~ended ~~reinstatement~~November 2, of2024, ~~100%~~primarily ~~bonus~~due ~~depreciation~~to ~~and~~a ~~immediate~~60 ~~expensing~~basis ofpoint ~~domestic~~increase ~~research~~in ~~and~~distribution ~~development~~costs ~~expenditures.~~mainly Asdue ofto ~~August 2,~~the ~~2025,~~deleveraging effect from the ~~OBBBA~~opening ~~resulted~~of our eighth distribution center in anBuckeye, ~~increase~~Arizona toin ~~our~~May ~~deferred~~2025 ~~tax~~and ~~liability~~tariff-related ~~balance~~processing ofcosts. ~~approximately~~Merchandise ~~$30~~margin ~~million~~decreased 10 basis points primarily due to ~~the~~tariff-related ~~reinstatement~~costs. Partially offsetting these higher costs were lower domestic freight costs of ~~100%~~25 ~~bonus~~basis ~~depreciation~~points and lower occupancy costs of 10 basis points.

~~Earnings~~Cost ~~per~~of ~~share.~~goods ~~Diluted~~sold ~~earnings~~as ~~per~~a ~~share~~percentage of sales for the ~~three~~nine month period ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 ~~was~~increased ~~$1.56~~approximately ~~compared~~35 tobasis ~~$1.59~~points ~~for~~compared to the ~~three~~nine month period ended ~~August~~November 32, 2024., ~~The~~primarily ~~$0.03~~due ~~decrease~~to a 40 basis point increase in ~~the~~distribution ~~diluted~~costs ~~earnings~~mainly ~~per~~due ~~share~~to ~~for~~the deleveraging effect from the ~~three~~opening ~~month~~of ~~period~~our ~~ended~~eighth ~~August 2~~distribution center in Buckeye, Arizona in May 2025 ~~was~~and tariff-related processing costs. Merchandise margin decreased 30 basis points primarily ~~attributable~~due to antariff-related ~~approximately~~costs. 4%Occupancy ~~decrease~~costs indeleveraged ~~net~~by ~~earnings,~~5 ~~partially~~basis ~~offset~~points. byPartially aoffsetting 2%these ~~reduction~~higher incosts ~~weighted-average~~were ~~diluted~~lower ~~shares~~domestic ~~outstanding~~freight ~~largely~~costs ~~due~~and tolower ~~stock~~buying ~~repurchases~~costs ~~under~~of ~~our~~20 ~~stock~~basis ~~repurchase~~points ~~program~~each.

~~Diluted~~Selling, ~~earnings~~general ~~per~~and ~~share~~administrative ~~for~~expenses. For the ~~six~~three and nine month ~~period~~periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025, ~~was~~selling, ~~$3.03~~general ~~compared~~and toadministrative ~~$3.05~~expenses ~~for~~(“SG&A”) ~~the~~increased ~~six month period ended August 3, 2024~~$0.1 ~~The~~billion and $0.022 ~~decrease~~billion, inrespectively, ~~the~~compared ~~diluted~~to ~~earnings~~the ~~per~~three ~~share~~and ~~for~~nine ~~the six~~ month ~~period~~periods ended ~~August~~November 2, ~~2025~~2024, ~~was~~ primarily ~~attributable~~due to anhigher ~~approximately 3% decrease in net earnings, partially offset by a 2% reduction in weighted~~store-~~average~~related ~~diluted shares outstanding largely due to stock repurchases under our stock repurchase program~~costs.

~~Earnings~~SG&A ~~for~~as ~~both~~a percentage of sales for the three ~~and~~month ~~six~~period ended November 1, 2025 was flat compared to the three month ~~periods~~period ended ~~August~~November 2, 2024. SG&A as a percentage of sales for the nine month period ended November 1, 2025 ~~included~~increased ~~approximately~~10 anbasis ~~$0.11~~points ~~per~~compared ~~share~~to ~~negative~~the ~~impact~~nine ~~from~~month ~~tariff-related~~period ended November 2, 2024, primarily due to costs associated with our Chief Executive Officer transition.

~~Stores~~Operating income. ~~The~~Operating ~~following~~income ~~table~~as ~~summarizes~~a ~~the~~percentage ~~stores~~of ~~opened~~sales ~~and~~for ~~closed during~~ the three and ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 decreased by 35 basis points and ~~August~~45 basis points, respectively, compared to the three and nine month periods ended November 32, 2024:, primarily driven by the increase in cost of goods sold as a percentage of sales period-over-period.

	Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
Store Count	August 2, 2025	August 3, 2024	August 2, 2025	August 3, 2024
Ross Dress for Less
Beginning of the period	1,847	1,775	1,831	1,764
Opened in the period	28	21	44	32
Closed in the period	(2)	(1)	(2)	(1)
Total Ross Dress for Less stores end of period	1,873	1,795	1,873	1,795
dd’s DISCOUNTS
Beginning of the period	358	352	355	345
Opened in the period	3	3	6	10
Closed in the period	(1)	(2)	(1)	(2)
Total dd’s DISCOUNTS stores end of period	360	353	360	353
Total stores end of period	2,233	2,148	2,233	2,148

Operating income as a percentage of sales for the three and nine month periods ended November 1, 2025 included negative impacts of approximately 35 basis points and 45 basis points, respectively, primarily due to tariff-related costs.

Interest income, net. For the three and nine month periods ended November 1, 2025, interest income, net decreased $9 million and $31 million, respectively, compared to the three and nine month periods ended November 2, 2024, primarily due to decreased interest income both from lower average interest rates and from lower average cash balances, which decreased largely due to our repayment at maturity of $700 million of Senior Notes in April 2025 and $250 million of Senior Notes in September 2024. The decrease in interest income was partially offset by lower interest expense primarily due to the repayment of those Senior Notes.

The table below shows the components of interest income, net for the three and nine month periods ended November 1, 2025 and November 2, 2024:


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
($000)	November 1, 2025		November 2, 2024		November 1, 2025		November 2, 2024
Interest income	$	(42,871)	$	(57,922)	$	(130,065)	$	(181,422)
Capitalized interest	(1,979)		(5,047)		(10,346)		(13,889)
Other interest expense	381		417		1,173		1,142
Interest expense on long-term debt	10,569		20,025		38,583		62,342
Interest income, net	$	(33,900)	$	(42,527)	$	(100,655)	$	(131,827)

Taxes on earnings. Our effective tax rate is impacted by changes in tax laws and accounting guidance, location of new stores, level of earnings, tax effects associated with stock-based compensation, and the resolution of tax positions with various tax authorities. Our effective tax rate for the three month period ended November 1, 2025 was approximately 25%, compared to approximately 24% for the three month period ended November 2, 2024. Our effective tax rate for the nine month period ended November 1, 2025 was approximately 25%, compared to approximately 24% for the nine month period ended November 2, 2024. The increases in the effective tax rates for the three and nine month periods ended November 1, 2025 compared to the three and nine month periods ended November 2, 2024 were primarily due to the tax effects associated with stock-based compensation.

In July 2025, the OBBBA, was signed into law. The OBBBA made several changes to business tax provisions including the reinstatement of 100% bonus depreciation and immediate expensing of domestic research and development expenditures. These changes are not expected to have a material impact on our income tax provision for fiscal 2025 but are expected to lower our current year cash tax payments.

Earnings per share. Diluted earnings per share for the three month period ended November 1, 2025 was $1.58 compared to $1.48 for the three month period ended November 2, 2024. The $0.10, or 7%, increase in the diluted earnings per share for the three month period ended November 1, 2025 was primarily attributable to an approximately 5% increase in net earnings and a 2% reduction in weighted-average diluted shares outstanding, largely due to stock repurchases under our stock repurchase program.

Diluted earnings per share for the nine month period ended November 1, 2025 was $4.61 compared to $4.53 for the nine month period ended November 2, 2024. The $0.08, or 2%, increase in the diluted earnings per share for the nine month period ended November 1, 2025 was primarily attributable to a 2% reduction in weighted-average diluted shares outstanding, largely due to stock repurchases under our stock repurchase program.

Earnings for both the three and nine month periods ended November 1, 2025 included per share negative impacts of approximately $0.05 and $0.16, respectively, due to tariff-related costs.

Stores. The following table summarizes the stores opened and closed during the three and nine month periods ended November 1, 2025 and November 2, 2024:


	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
Store Count	November 1, 2025	November 2, 2024	November 1, 2025	November 2, 2024
Ross Dress for Less
Beginning of the period	1,873	1,795	1,831	1,764
Opened in the period	36	43	80	75
Closed in the period	—	(2)	(2)	(3)
Total Ross Dress for Less stores end of period	1,909	1,836	1,909	1,836
dd’s DISCOUNTS
Beginning of the period	360	353	355	345
Opened in the period	4	4	10	14
Closed in the period	—	(1)	(1)	(3)
Total dd’s DISCOUNTS stores end of period	364	356	364	356
Total stores end of period	2,273	2,192	2,273	2,192

Financial Condition

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The primary sources of funds for our business activities are cash flows from operations and short-term trade credit. Our primary ongoing cash requirements are for merchandise inventory purchases, payroll, operating and variable lease costs, taxes, capital expenditures related to new and existing stores, and investments in distribution centers, information systems, and buying and corporate offices. We also use cash to repurchase stock under active stock repurchase programs, repay debt as it becomes due, and pay dividends. WeThe ~~repaid at maturity~~ $~~700~~500 million principal amount of our 0.875% Senior Notes is due in April ~~2025~~2026. ~~The~~In April 2025, we repaid at maturity $~~500~~700 million ~~principal amount~~ of ~~0.875%~~our Senior Notes. isIn ~~due~~the inthird ~~April~~quarter ~~2026~~of fiscal 2024, we repaid at maturity $250 million of 3.357% Senior Notes.

Six Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

($ millions)

~~August~~November 21, 2025

~~August~~November 32, 2024

Cash provided by operating activities

1,~~078~~905

~~961~~1,474

Cash used in investing activities

(~~409~~618)

(~~334~~514)

Cash used in financing activities

(1,~~552~~955)

(~~830~~1,481)

Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents

(~~883~~668)

(~~203~~521)

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $1.19 billion for the ~~six~~nine month period ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025. This was primarily driven by net earnings excluding non-cash expenses for depreciation, amortization, and stock-based compensation, partially offset by the payment of fiscal 2024 incentive bonuses. Net cash provided by operating activities was $~~961~~1.5 ~~million~~billion for the ~~six~~nine month period ended ~~August~~November 32, 2024. This was primarily driven by net earnings excluding non-cash expenses for depreciation, amortization, and stock-based compensation, partially offset by the payment of fiscal 2023 incentive bonuses.

The $0.4 billion increase in cash flow provided by operating activities for the ~~six~~nine month period ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year was primarily driven by ~~lower~~higher ~~income~~accounts payable leverage (defined as Accounts payable divided by Merchandise inventory), lower taxes paid, and lower incentive ~~compensation~~bonus payments. Accounts payable leverage was 85% and 82% as of November 1, 2025 and November 2, 2024, respectively. The increase in accounts payable leverage was primarily due to the timing of inventory receipts and related payments versus last year.

Accounts payable leverage (defined as accounts payable divided by merchandise inventory) was 85% and 89% as of August 2, 2025 and August 3, 2024, respectively. The decrease in accounts payable leverage was primarily due to the timing of inventory receipts and related payments versus last year.

As a regular part of our business, packaway inventory levels will vary over time based on availability of compelling merchandise purchase opportunities in the marketplace and our decisions on the timing for release of that inventory to our stores. Packaway merchandise is purchased with the intent that it will be stored in our warehouses until a later date. The timing of the release of packaway inventory to our stores is principally driven by the product mix and seasonality of the merchandise, and its relation to our store merchandise assortment plans. As such, the aging of packaway varies by merchandise category and seasonality of purchase, but typically packaway remains in storage for less than six months. We expect to continue to take advantage of packaway inventory opportunities to maximize our ability to deliver bargains to our customers.

Changes in packaway inventory levels affect our operating cash flow. As of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, ~~and~~ February 1, 2025, and November 2, 2024 packaway inventory was 3836%, 41%, and 4138% of total inventory, respectively.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $~~409~~0.6 ~~million~~billion and $~~334~~0.5 ~~million~~billion for the ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, respectively, and was related to our capital expenditures. Our capital expenditures include costs to open new stores and improve existing stores, build, expand, and improve distribution centers, and for various other expenditures related to our information technology systems and buying and corporate offices.

The change in cash used in investing activities for the six month period ended August 2, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, was primarily due to higher capital expenditures in the current year related to the construction of our next distribution center in Randleman, North Carolina and the opening of new stores.22

21The $0.1 billion increase in cash used in investing activities for the nine month period ended November 1, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, was primarily due to higher capital expenditures in the current year related to the construction of our next distribution center in Randleman, North Carolina.

Capital expenditures for fiscal 2025 are currently projected to be approximately $800 million. Our remaining planned capital expenditures for fiscal 2025 are for costs related to ~~open~~existing ~~new stores~~ and ~~improve~~future ~~existing~~new stores, ~~investments~~investment in our supply chain to support long-term growth, including construction of our next distribution center, ~~investments~~investment in our information technology systems, and for various other expenditures related to our stores, distribution centers, and buying and corporate offices. We expect to fund capital expenditures with available cash.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $12.60 billion for the ~~six~~nine month period ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 primarily resulting from stock repurchases under our stock repurchase program, the repayment at maturity of the $700 million principal amount of 4.600% Senior Notes in April 2025, ~~stock repurchases under our stock repurchase program,~~ and dividend payments. Net cash used in financing activities was $~~830~~1.5 ~~million~~billion for the ~~six~~nine month period ended ~~August~~November 32, 2024 primarily resulting from stock repurchases under our stock repurchase program, ~~and~~ dividend payments, and the repayment at maturity of the $250 million principal amount of 3.375% Senior Notes in the third quarter of fiscal 2024.

~~Revolving~~The ~~credit facilities. In June 2025, we entered into a new,~~ $10.35 billion ~~2025~~increase ~~Credit~~in ~~Facility,~~cash ~~which~~used ~~replaced~~in ~~our~~financing ~~previous~~activities ~~$1.3~~for ~~billion~~the ~~unsecured~~nine ~~credit~~month ~~facility.~~period Asended ~~of August~~November 21, 2025, wecompared ~~had~~to ~~no borrowings or standby letters of credit outstanding under~~ the ~~2025~~same ~~Credit~~period ~~Facility, our 2025 Credit Facility remained~~ in ~~place and available, and we were in compliance with~~ the ~~financial~~prior ~~covenant.~~fiscal ~~Refer~~year, towas ~~Note~~primarily E:due ~~Debt in the Notes~~ to ~~Condensed~~higher ~~Consolidated~~Senior ~~Financial~~Note ~~Statements for additional information~~repayments.

~~Senior~~Revolving ~~notes~~credit facilities. In June 2025, we entered into a $1.3 billion 2025 Credit Facility, which replaced our previous $1.3 billion unsecured credit facility. As of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, we had ~~approximately~~no ~~$1.5~~borrowings ~~billion~~or standby letters of credit outstanding ~~unsecured~~under ~~Senior~~the ~~Notes~~2025 Credit Facility, ofour ~~which~~2025 ~~$499 million~~Credit ~~was~~Facility ~~classified~~remained in ~~Current~~place ~~Liabilities~~and onavailable, ~~our~~and ~~Condensed~~we ~~Consolidated~~were ~~Balance~~in ~~Sheet~~compliance ~~for~~with the ~~period~~financial ~~ended August 2, 2025~~covenant. Refer to Note E: Debt in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

~~Other~~Senior ~~financing activities~~notes. InAs ~~March~~of ~~2024~~November 1, ~~our~~2025, ~~Board~~we ofhad ~~Directors~~approximately ~~approved~~$1.5 abillion ~~two-year~~of ~~program~~outstanding tounsecured ~~repurchase~~Senior upNotes, toof which $~~2.1~~499 ~~billion~~million ofwas ~~our~~classified ~~common~~in ~~stock~~Current ~~through~~Liabilities ~~fiscal~~on ~~2025.~~our ~~During~~Condensed ~~the~~Consolidated ~~six~~Balance ~~month~~Sheet for the period ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025~~, we repurchased 3~~.9 ~~million~~Refer ~~shares~~to ofNote ~~common~~E: ~~stock~~Debt ~~for~~in ~~$525 million~~the ~~(excluding~~Notes ~~excise~~to ~~tax)~~Condensed ~~under~~Consolidated ~~this~~Financial ~~program.~~Statements ~~As of August 2, 2025, there was $525 million available~~ for ~~repurchase~~additional ~~under this program~~information.

Other financing activities. In March 2024, our Board of Directors approved a two-year program to repurchase up to $2.1 billion of our common stock through fiscal 2025. During the ~~six~~nine month ~~periods~~period ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 ~~and August 3~~, ~~2024,~~ we ~~also~~repurchased ~~acquired 0.~~5.6 million shares of ~~treasury~~common stock infor ~~each~~$787.5 million ~~period~~(excluding toexcise ~~cover employee~~ tax) ~~withholding obligations~~ under ~~our~~this ~~employee~~program. ~~equity~~As ~~compensation~~of ~~programs~~November 1, ~~for~~2025, ~~aggregate~~there ~~purchase~~was ~~prices~~$262.5 ofmillion ~~approximately~~available ~~$64 million~~for ~~and~~repurchase ~~$72 million,~~under ~~respectively.~~this program.

On ~~August~~November 2019, 2025, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.4050 per common share, payable on ~~September 30~~December 31, 2025. The Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash ~~dividend~~dividends of $0.4050 per common share in March, May, and ~~May~~August 2025, and $0.3675 per common share in March, May, August, and November 2024.

For the ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025 and ~~August~~November 32, 2024, we paid cash dividends of $~~265~~397.62 million and $~~245~~367.85 million, respectively.

Short-term trade credit represents a significant source of financing for merchandise inventory. Trade credit arises from customary payment terms and trade practices with our vendors. We regularly review the adequacy of credit available to us from all sources, and expect to be able to maintain adequate trade credit, bank credit, and other credit sources to meet our capital and liquidity requirements.

We ended the ~~second~~third quarter of fiscal 2025 with $34.81 billion of unrestricted cash balances, which were held primarily in overnight money market funds invested in U.S. treasury and government instruments across a highly diversified set of banks and other financial institutions. We also have $1.3 billion available under our ~~new~~ 2025 Credit Facility. We estimate that existing cash and cash equivalent balances, cash flows from operations, our ~~bank~~2025 ~~credit~~Credit ~~facility~~Facility, and trade credit are adequate to meet our operating cash needs and to fund our common stock repurchases, planned capital investments, quarterly dividend payments, debt repayments, and interest payments, for at least the next 12 months.

Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, there have been no material changes to our contractual obligations as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K as of February 1, 2025, other than those which occur in the ordinary course of business.

22Standby letters of credit and collateral trust. We use standby letters of credit outside of our revolving credit facility and a funded trust to collateralize some of our insurance obligations. As of November 1, 2025, February 1, 2025, and November 2, 2024, we had $1.0 million, $1.8 million, and $2.2 million, respectively, in standby letters of credit outstanding. As of November 1, 2025, February 1, 2025, and November 2, 2024, we had $66.0 million, $63.9 million, and $63.2 million, respectively, held in a collateral trust. The standby letters of credit are collateralized by restricted cash and the collateral trust consists of restricted cash and cash equivalents.

Standby letters of credit and collateral trust. We use standby letters of credit outside of our revolving credit facility and a funded trust to collateralize some of our insurance obligations. As of August 2, 2025, February 1, 2025, and August 3, 2024, we had $1.0 million, $1.8 million, and $2.2 million, respectively, in standby letters of credit outstanding. As of August 2, 2025, February 1, 2025, and August 3, 2024, we had $65.3 million, $63.9 million, and $62.4 million, respectively, held in a collateral trust. The standby letters of credit are collateralized by restricted cash and the collateral trust consists of restricted cash and cash equivalents.

Critical Accounting Estimates

During the ~~second~~third quarter of fiscal 2025, there were no significant changes to the critical accounting estimates discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended February 1, 2025.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains a number of forward-looking statements regarding, without limitation, projected sales, costs and earnings, planned new store growth, capital expenditures, liquidity, and other matters. These forward-looking statements reflect our then-current beliefs, plans, and estimates with respect to future events and our projected financial performance, operations, and competitive position. The words “plan,” “expect,” “target,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “forecast,” “projected,” “guidance,” “outlook,” “looking ahead,” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements.

Future impact from ~~tariffs,~~ inflation, interest rate changes, tariffs, ongoing military conflicts and economic sanctions, climate change, extreme weather, pandemics, natural disasters, and other economic, regulatory, consumer spending, and industry trends that could potentially adversely affect our revenue, profitability, operating conditions, and growth are difficult to predict. Our forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties which could cause our actual results to differ materially from those forward-looking statements and our previous expectations, plans, and projections. Such risks and uncertainties are not limited to but may include:

•~~Changes~~Uncertainties inarising ~~U.S.~~from ~~tax,~~the ~~tariff~~macroeconomic environment, orincluding ~~trade~~inflation ~~policy~~and ~~regarding~~the ~~apparel,~~price ~~shoes~~of necessities, ~~and~~high ~~home-related~~interest ~~merchandise~~rates, ~~produced~~housing incosts, ~~China~~energy and ~~other~~fuel ~~countries~~costs, ~~could~~financial ~~significantly~~ and ~~adversely~~credit ~~affect~~market ~~our~~conditions, ~~business.~~recession ~~While~~concerns, wegeopolitical ~~directly import only a small portion of our merchandise~~conditions, ~~more~~government ~~than~~policies ~~half~~and ofenforcement ~~the~~practices ~~goods~~with werespect ~~sell~~to ~~originate~~immigration, ~~from~~government ~~China.~~shutdowns, ~~Elevated~~and ~~tariff~~public ~~levels~~health ~~on goods imported into the United States from China~~ and ~~other~~public ~~countries~~safety issues may ~~disrupt~~affect ~~our~~consumer ~~merchandise purchasing patterns~~confidence, ~~increase~~consumer ~~our~~disposable ~~costs~~income, and ~~put~~shopping ~~pressure~~behavior, onas ~~our~~well ~~margins~~as ~~and~~our ~~profitability~~costs.

•Uncertainties arising from the macroeconomic environment, including inflation and the price of necessities, high interest rates, housing costs, energy and fuel costs, financial and credit market conditions, recession concerns, geopolitical conditions, government policies and enforcement practices with respect to immigration, and public health and public safety issues may affect consumer confidence, consumer disposable income, and shopping behavior, as well as our costs.

•Unexpected changes in the level of consumer spending on, or preferences for, apparel and home-related merchandise could adversely affect us.

•Competitive pressures in the apparel and home-related merchandise retailing industry.

•Our need to effectively manage our inventories, markdowns, and inventory shortage in order to achieve our planned gross margins.

•Changes in U.S. tax, tariff, or trade policy regarding apparel, shoes, and home-related merchandise produced in China and other countries could significantly and adversely affect our business. While we directly import only a small portion of our merchandise, more than half of the goods we sell originate from China. Elevated tariff levels on goods imported into the United States from China and other countries may disrupt our merchandise purchasing patterns, increase our costs, and put pressure on our margins and profitability.

•Risks associated with importing and selling merchandise produced in China and other countries, including risks from supply chain disruption, shipping delays, and higher than expected ocean freight costs.

•Unseasonable weather or extreme temperatures that may affect shopping patterns and consumer demand for seasonal apparel and other merchandise.

•Our dependence on the market availability, quantity, and quality of attractive brand name merchandise at desirable discounts, and on the ability of our buyers to anticipate consumer preferences and to purchase merchandise to enable us to offer customers a wide assortment of merchandise at competitive prices.

•Information or data security breaches, including cyber-attacks on our transaction processing and computer information systems, which could disrupt our operations, and result in theft or unauthorized disclosure of confidential and valuable business information, such as customer, credit card, employee, or other private and valuable information that we handle in the ordinary course of our business.

•Disruptions in our supply chain or in our information systems, including from ransomware or other cyber-attacks could impact our ability to process sales and to deliver product to our stores in a timely and cost-effective manner.

•Our need to obtain acceptable new store sites with favorable consumer demographics to achieve our planned store openings.

•Our need to expand in existing markets and enter new geographic markets in order to achieve planned growth and market penetration.

•Consumer problems or legal issues involving the quality, safety, or authenticity of products we sell could harm our reputation, result in lost sales, and/or increase our costs.

•An adverse outcome in various legal, regulatory, or tax matters, or the adoption of new federal or state tax legislation that increases tax rates or adds new taxes could increase our costs.

•Damage to our corporate reputation or brands could adversely affect our sales and operating results.

•Our need to continually attract, train, and retain associates with the retail talent necessary to execute our off-price retail strategies.

•Our need to effectively advertise and market our business.

•Possible volatility in our revenues and earnings.

•A public health or public safety crisis, or a natural or man-made disaster in California or another region where we have a concentration of stores, offices, or a distribution center could harm our business.

•Our need to maintain sufficient liquidity to support our continuing operations and our new store openings.

The factors underlying our forecasts are dynamic and subject to change. As a result, any forecasts or forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are given and do not necessarily reflect our outlook at any other point in time. We disclaim any obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risks, which primarily include changes in interest rates. We do not engage in financial transactions for trading or speculative purposes.

We may occasionally use forward contracts to hedge against fluctuations in foreign currency prices. We had no outstanding forward contracts as of ~~August~~November 21, 2025.

Interest that is payable on our 2025 Credit Facility is based on variable interest rates and is therefore affected by changes in market interest rates. As of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, we had no borrowings outstanding under the 2025 Credit Facility.

As of ~~August~~November 21, 2025, we had outstanding five series of unsecured Senior Notes. Interest that is payable on all series of our Senior Notes is based on fixed interest rates, and is therefore unaffected by changes in market interest rates.

We receive interest payments on our cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents. Changes in interest rates may impact the interest income we recognize in the future.

A hypothetical 100 basis point increase or decrease in prevailing market interest rates would not have had a material negative impact on our financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or the fair values of our cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents as of and for the three month or ~~six~~nine month periods ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025. We do not consider the potential losses in future earnings and cash flows from reasonably possible, near-term changes in interest rates to be material.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at that reasonable assurance level as of the end of the period covered by this report.

It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system will be met. In addition, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events.

Quarterly Evaluation of Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, also conducted an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any change occurred during the ~~second~~third fiscal quarter of 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that there was no such change during the ~~second~~third fiscal quarter of 2025.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The matters under the caption “Litigation, claims, and assessments” in Note A of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and the performance of our common stock may be adversely affected by a number of risk factors, including those provided below. See Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 1, 2025 for a further description of risks and uncertainties associated with our business.

MACROECONOMIC AND RETAIL INDUSTRY BUSINESS RISKS

We are subject to impacts from changes in the macroeconomic environment, financial and credit markets, geopolitical conditions, and government regulation or policy. Continuing inflation, tariff increases (or threats of increases), potential supply chain disruptions, and other external events may have significant negative effects on our costs, and also on consumer confidence, shopping behavior, and spending, which may adversely affect our sales and profitability.

Elevated inflation, rapidly changing and increased tariffs on goods imported into the United States, other government policy and regulatory changes, geopolitical conflicts, bank failures, public health crises, and other potential, adverse developments and related uncertainties, could reduce demand for our merchandise, disrupt our buying patterns, increase our cost of goods, create shortages of merchandise, cause shipping delays and increase freight costs, decrease our inventory turnover, cause greater markdowns, and negatively affect our sales and margins. All of our stores are located in the United States and its territories, and while we directly import only a small portion of our merchandise, more than half of the goods we sell originate from China, so we are especially susceptible to changes in the U.S. economy and its trade policy (particularly toward China).

Consumer spending levels and shopping behaviors for the merchandise we sell are affected by many external macroeconomic factors. In addition to consumer sensitivity to the price points and value differentiation we offer on the merchandise we sell, elevated inflation, including increased fuel and energy costs, food prices, interest rates, housing costs, wage rates, unemployment levels, availability of consumer credit, consumer debt levels, income tax rates and the timing of tax refunds, various government policies and practices (including enforcement practices with respect to immigration, particularly in regions with a relatively high concentration of Hispanic customers, which is an important demographic group within our overall customer base), and the resulting effects on consumers’ disposable income and consumer confidence in future economic conditions all have an impact on consumer spending habits for our merchandise.

2526

Changes and uncertainty in U.S. trade or tax policy regarding apparel, shoes and home-related merchandise produced in China and other countries could adversely affect our business.

A predominant portion of the apparel, shoes, home-related merchandise, and other goods we sell is originally manufactured in other countries, including China. While we directly import only a small portion of our merchandise, more than half of the goods we sell originate from China. The U.S. government has indicated a willingness to significantly change existing trade policies, and has imposed dramatically increased tariffs on goods imported into the United States, in particular on goods produced in China. This exposes us to risks of disruption and significant cost increases in our established patterns for sourcing our merchandise, and creates increased uncertainties in planning our sourcing strategies and forecasting our margins. Changes in tariffs, quotas, trade relationships, or tax provisions that reduce the supply or increase the relative cost of goods produced in China and other countries could significantly increase our cost of goods and/or increase our effective tax rate. Although such changes would have implications across the entire retail sector, we may fail to effectively adapt and manage the adjustments in sourcing strategy that would be necessary in response to those changes. In addition to the general uncertainty and overall risk from potential changes in laws and policies, as we make business decisions in the face of uncertainty as to potential changes, we may incorrectly anticipate the outcomes, miss out on business opportunities, or fail to effectively adapt our business strategies and manage the adjustments that are necessary in response to those changes. These risks could adversely affect our revenues and expenses, increase our effective tax rates, and reduce our profitability and market share.

STRATEGIC RISKS

We are subject to risks associated with importing and selling merchandise produced in other countries.

Risks in importing and selling such merchandise include increased tariffs and more stringent quotas, economic and supply chain disruptions, uncertainties and adverse economic conditions (including shipping capacity limitations, cost increases, inflation, recession, and exchange rate fluctuations), foreign government regulations, employment and labor matters, concerns relating to human rights, working conditions, and other issues in factories or countries where merchandise is produced, transparency of sourcing and supply chains, exposure on product warranty and intellectual property issues, consumer perceptions of the safety of imported merchandise, geopolitical conflict (including wars and fears of war), political unrest, natural disasters, regulations to address climate change, and trade restrictions.

A predominant portion of the apparel, shoes, home-related merchandise, and other goods we sell (even when we purchase it domestically, often as excess inventory sold to us by a domestic vendor) is originally manufactured in other countries. In addition, we directly source a portion of the products sold in our stores from foreign vendors, predominantly in China. We also buy products that originate from foreign sources indirectly through domestic vendors and manufacturers’ representatives. More than half of the merchandise we sell is originally manufactured in China. Although our foreign purchases of merchandise are negotiated and paid for in U.S. dollars, increased tariffs or other import duties on goods imported into the United States, or decreases in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies, could increase the cost of products we purchase from overseas vendors and from domestic vendors who are reselling foreign-produced goods. When we are the importer of record, we may be subject to regulatory or other requirements similar to those applicable to a manufacturer.

To the extent that our vendors are located overseas or rely on overseas sources for a large portion of their products, any event causing a disruption, delay, or increase in the cost of imports, including imposition of import or other restrictions such as product detention, war, acts of terrorism, natural disasters, or public health issues could adversely affect our business. The flow of merchandise from our vendors could also be adversely affected by global shipping capacity limitations, labor stoppages, or by financial or political instability in any of the countries in which the goods we purchase are manufactured. Trade restrictions in the form of tariffs or quotas, or both, applicable to the products we sell could also affect the importation of those products and could increase the cost and reduce the supply of products available to us. We cannot predict whether China or any of the other countries from which our products are sourced, or in which our products are currently manufactured or may be manufactured in the future, will be subject to increased tariffs or trade restrictions imposed by the U.S. or foreign governments or the likelihood, type, or effect of any such restrictions.

2627

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Information regarding shares of common stock we repurchased during the ~~second~~third quarter of fiscal 2025 is as follows:

	Total number of shares (or units) purchased1	Average pricepaid per share(or unit)	Total number ofshares(or units)purchased aspart of publiclyannouncedplans orprograms	Maximum number(or approximatedollar value) ofshares (or units)that may yet bepurchased underthe plans orprograms ($000)
Period
May
August
(5/4/2025 - 5/31/2025)	445,768	$144.64	445,768	$	723,030
(8/3/2025 - 8/30/2025)	464,446	$146.59	455,372	$458,260
June
September
(6/1/2025 - 7/5/2025)	824,677	$133.64	793,174	$	617,110
(8/31/2025 - 10/4/2025)	809,394	$149.36	713,966	$351,480
July
October
(7/6/2025 - 8/2/2025)	688,923	$133.69	688,923	$	525,000
(10/5/2025 - 11/1/2025)	571,385	$155.73	571,385	$262,500
Total	1,~~959~~845,~~368~~225	$~~136~~150.1664	1,~~927~~740,~~865~~723	$262,500	~~525,000~~

1 We acquired 32105,000 shares of treasury stock during the quarter ended ~~August~~November 21, 2025. Treasury stock includes shares acquired from employees for tax withholding purposes related to vesting of restricted stock grants.

In March 2024, our Board of Directors approved a two-year program to repurchase up to $2.1 billion of our common stock through fiscal 2025.

27ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Exhibit
Number			Exhibit
3.1			Certificate of Incorporation of Ross Stores, Inc. as amended (Corrected First Restated Certificate of Incorporation, dated March 17, 1999, together with amendments thereto through Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation dated May 29, 2015) incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 10-Q filed by Ross Stores, Inc. for its quarter ended August 1, 2015.
3.2			Amended and Restated Bylaws of Ross Stores, Inc. (as amended March 8, 2023), incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Form 8-K filed by Ross Stores, Inc. on March 14, 2023.
10.1			Credit Agreement dated June 27, 2025, among Ross Stores, Inc., various lenders and Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent.
10.2			Form of Notice of Grant of Performance Shares and Form of Performance Share Agreement pursuant to the Ross Stores, Inc. 2017 Equity Incentive Plan.
15			Letter re: Unaudited Interim Financial Information from Deloitte & Touche LLP dated September 9, 2025.
31.1			Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 302(a).
31.2			Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 302(a).
32.1			Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
32.2			Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.
101.INS			XBRL Instance Document. (The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.)
101.SCH			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
104			Cover Page Interactive Data File. (The cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.)

Insider Adoption of Trading Arrangements:

During the three months ended November 1, 2025, none of our directors or executive officers informed us of the adoption or termination of a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” except as follows:

On October 10, 2025, Michael J. Hartshorn, Group President and Chief Operating Officer, and a member of our Board of Directors, adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c) to sell up to 49,000 shares of common stock. Unless otherwise terminated pursuant to its terms, the plan will terminate on September 30, 2026, or when all shares under the plan are sold.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS


Exhibit
Number			Exhibit
3.1			Certificate of Incorporation of Ross Stores, Inc. as amended (Corrected First Restated Certificate of Incorporation, dated March 17, 1999, together with amendments thereto through Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation dated May 29, 2015) incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 10-Q filed by Ross Stores, Inc. for its quarter ended August 1, 2015.

3.2			Amended and Restated Bylaws of Ross Stores, Inc. (as amended March 8, 2023), incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Form 8-K filed by Ross Stores, Inc. on March 14, 2023.

10.1			Executive Employment Agreemen t effective October 1, 2025 between William W. Sheehan II and Ross Stores, Inc.

15			Letter re: Unaudited Interim Financial Information from Deloitte & Touche LLP dated December 9, 2025.

31.1			Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 302(a).

31.2			Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Sarbanes-Oxley Act Section 302(a).

32.1			Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

32.2			Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

101.INS			XBRL Instance Document. (The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.)

101.SCH			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

101.CAL			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

101.DEF			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

101.LAB			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

101.PRE			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

104			Cover Page Interactive Data File. (The cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.)

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		ROSS STORES, INC.
		(Registrant)
Date:	~~September~~December 9, 2025	By:	/s/ Jeffrey P. Burrill
			Jeffrey P. Burrill
			Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Corporate Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)
			Group Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Corporate Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)

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