UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _________ to _________

Commission File Number: 0-20853

ANSYS, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

04-3219960

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2600 ANSYS Drive,

Canonsburg,

15317

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(Zip Code)

844-462-6797

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share

ANSS

Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

(Nasdaq Global Select Market)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of the Registrant's Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, outstanding as of ~~November~~April 125, ~~2024~~2025 was 87,~~449~~916,~~954~~143 shares.

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX

PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	Page No.
Item 1.	Financial Statements
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income – Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income – Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity – Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023	7
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity – Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	7
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	1921
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	4339
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	4541
PART II	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	4642
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	4642
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	4642
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	4642
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	4642
Item 5.	Other Information	4642
Item 6.	Exhibits	4743
	SIGNATURES	4844

Table of Contents

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.Financial Statements:

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except share and per share data)	~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025		December 31,~~2023~~2024
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,~~246~~758,~~057~~155	$	~~860~~1,~~201~~446,743
Short-term investments	4970,~~212~~404		~~189~~50,774
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $16,500 and $20,700, respectively	782,674		864,526
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $15,200 and $16,500, respectively	754,655		1,022,850
Other receivables and current assets	~~270~~265,~~135~~618		~~324~~311,~~651~~126
Total current assets	2,~~348~~848,~~078~~832		2,~~049~~831,~~567~~493
Long-term assets:
Property and equipment, net	8792,~~134~~733		7789,~~780~~646
Operating lease right-of-use assets	~~106~~100,~~727~~440		~~116~~105,~~980~~122
Goodwill	3,~~818~~799,~~560~~809		3,~~805~~778,~~874~~128
Other intangible assets, net	~~756~~694,~~712~~235		~~835~~716,~~417~~244
Other long-term assets	~~276~~218,~~551~~145		~~273~~308,~~030~~333
Deferred income taxes	~~214~~226,~~311~~819		~~164~~222,~~227~~465
Total long-term assets	5,~~259~~132,~~995~~181		5,~~273~~219,~~308~~938
Total assets	$	7,~~608~~981,~~073~~013	$	78,~~322~~051,~~875~~431
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	1622,~~394~~249	$	2227,~~772~~062
Accrued bonuses and commissions	~~107~~40,~~926~~613		~~170~~189,~~909~~521
Accrued income taxes	2634,~~781~~319		2215,~~454~~105
Other accrued expenses and liabilities	~~176~~191,~~201~~604		~~215~~204,~~645~~969
Deferred revenue	~~427~~490,~~188~~318		~~457~~504,~~514~~527
Total current liabilities	~~754~~779,~~490~~103		~~889~~941,~~294~~184
Long-term liabilities:
Deferred income taxes	5556,~~704~~027		7555,~~301~~863
Long-term operating lease liabilities	8881,~~830~~799		~~100~~86,~~505~~936
Long-term debt	754,~~128~~287		~~753~~754,~~891~~208
Other long-term liabilities	~~126~~130,~~145~~322		~~113~~126,~~520~~800
Total long-term liabilities	1,~~024~~022,~~807~~435		1,~~043~~023,~~217~~807
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; zero shares issued or outstanding	—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized; 95,267,307 shares issued	953		953
Additional paid-in capital	1,~~750~~757,~~243~~994		1,~~670~~790,~~450~~688
Retained earnings	5,~~576~~910,~~346~~899		5,~~283~~859,~~342~~034
Treasury stock, at cost: 7,843,557 and 8,361,447 shares, respectively	(1,427,128)		(1,474,110)
Treasury stock, at cost: 7,353,480 and 7,731,667 shares, respectively	(1,381,128)		(1,416,655)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(71109,~~638~~243)		(90147,~~271~~580)
Total stockholders' equity	56,~~828~~179,~~776~~475		56,~~390~~086,~~364~~440
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	7,~~608~~981,~~073~~013	$	78,~~322~~051,~~875~~431

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited)

~~Three Months Ended~~

Three Months Ended

~~Nine Months Ended~~

(in thousands, except per share data)

~~September 30,2024~~

~~September 30,2023~~

~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025

~~September~~March 3031,~~2023~~2024

Revenue:

Software licenses

~~276,948~~

~~162,422~~

~~720~~159,~~501~~955

~~586~~160,~~471~~321

Maintenance and service

~~324,944~~

~~296,373~~

~~942~~344,~~134~~936

~~878~~306,~~370~~284

Total revenue

~~601,892~~

~~458,795~~

1504,~~662,635~~891

1466,~~464,841~~605

Cost of sales:

Software licenses

~~11,067~~

~~8,692~~

329,~~420~~370

2910,~~095~~044

Amortization

~~21,890~~

~~20,707~~

6623,~~759~~429

6022,~~404~~484

Maintenance and service

~~36,152~~

~~35,858~~

~~107~~39,~~952~~770

~~111~~36,~~750~~139

Total cost of sales

~~69,109~~

~~65,257~~

~~207~~72,~~131~~569

~~201~~68,~~249~~667

Gross profit

~~532,783~~

~~393,538~~

1432,~~455,504~~322

1397,~~263,592~~938

Operating expenses:

Selling, general and administrative

~~233,065~~

~~194,552~~

~~681~~230,~~331~~415

~~585~~219,~~278~~643

Research and development

~~132,320~~

~~123,223~~

~~393~~137,~~755~~292

~~368~~128,~~581~~811

Amortization

~~5,860~~

~~5,947~~

185,~~125~~722

166,~~598~~145

Total operating expenses

~~371,245~~

~~323,722~~

1373,~~093,211~~429

~~970~~354,~~457~~599

Operating income

~~161,538~~

~~69,816~~

~~362~~58,~~293~~893

~~293~~43,~~135~~339

Interest income

~~13,292~~

~~4,909~~

3616,~~495~~743

1210,~~389~~995

Interest expense

~~(12,318)~~

~~(12,276)~~

(3610,~~925~~177)

(3412,~~594~~369)

Other (expense) income, net

(1,257)

(3,118)

(3,564)

Other expense, net

(930)

(1,007)

Income before income tax provision

~~161,255~~

~~62,545~~

~~358~~64,~~745~~529

~~267~~40,~~366~~958

Income tax provision

~~33,063~~

~~7,043~~

6512,~~741~~664

416,~~716~~180

Net income

~~128,192~~

~~55,502~~

~~293~~51,~~004~~865

~~225~~34,~~650~~778

Earnings per share – basic:

Earnings per share

~~1.47~~

~~0.64~~

30.3659

20.6040

Weighted average shares

~~87,399~~

~~86,817~~

87,~~266~~653

8687,~~814~~067

Earnings per share – diluted:

Earnings per share

~~1.46~~

~~0.64~~

30.3459

20.5840

Weighted average shares

~~87,885~~

~~87,381~~

8788,~~814~~127

87,~~335~~780

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

~~Three Months Ended~~

Three Months Ended

~~Nine Months Ended~~

(in thousands)

~~September 30,2024~~

~~September 30,2023~~

~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025

~~September~~March 3031,~~2023~~2024

Net income

~~128,192~~

~~55,502~~

~~293~~51,~~004~~865

~~225~~34,~~650~~778

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Foreign currency translation adjustments

~~48,714~~

~~(32,834)~~

1838,~~357~~178

(1121,~~547~~947)

Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities, net of tax

361

—

276

—

Unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax

159

(77)

Comprehensive income

~~177,267~~

~~22,668~~

~~311~~90,~~637~~202

~~214~~12,~~103~~754

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended
	Three Months Ended
(in thousands)	~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025		~~September~~March 3031,~~2023~~2024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	~~293~~51,~~004~~865	$	~~225~~34,~~650~~778
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	~~107~~37,~~328~~461		9935,~~016~~536
Operating lease right-of-use assets expense	175,~~175~~550		175,~~625~~664
Deferred income tax benefit	(728,~~395~~038)		(742,~~426~~340)
Provision for bad debts	1,~~353~~024		~~2,442~~412
Stock-based compensation expense	~~197~~70,~~884~~243		~~158~~58,~~533~~664
Other	~~692~~314		~~1,252~~402
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	66366,~~649~~832		~~168~~264,~~958~~474
Other receivables and current assets	5248,~~907~~091		6160,~~203~~593
Other long-term assets	~~6,629~~564		(~~5,897~~671)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and current liabilities	(~~105~~169,~~137~~748)		(~~105~~147,~~197~~636)
Accrued income taxes	318,~~697~~661		(6,~~327~~280)
Deferred revenue	(3020,~~379~~780)		(6517,~~242~~714)
Other long-term liabilities	(13,~~640~~104)		(53,~~844~~065)
Net cash provided by operating activities	~~537~~398,~~767~~935		~~484~~282,~~400~~817
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(1,586)		(197,786)
Capital expenditures	(11,491)		(10,543)
Capital expenditures	(32,261)		(16,541)
Purchases of short-term investments	(21,233)		(19,940)
Purchases of short-term investments	(48,745)		(117)
Other investing activities	2,037		(3,953)
Other investing activities	(3,438)		(5,722)
Net cash used in investing activities	(30,687)		(34,436)
Net cash used in investing activities	(86,030)		(220,166)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Purchase of treasury stock	—		(196,494)
Restricted stock withholding taxes paid in lieu of issued shares	(68,063)		(65,089)
Restricted stock withholding taxes paid in lieu of issued shares	(83,994)		(60,827)
Proceeds from shares issued for stock-based compensation	14		10,446
Proceeds from shares issued for stock-based compensation	10,446		26,015
Net cash used in financing activities	(68,049)		(54,643)
Other financing activities	(2,922)		(1,294)
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents	11,213		(3,430)
Net cash used in financing activities	(76,470)		(232,600)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	311,412		190,308
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents	10,589		(6,683)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	1,446,743		860,201
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	385,856		24,951
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	1,758,155	$	1,050,509
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	860,201		614,391
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	1,246,057	$	639,342
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Income taxes paid	$	~~113~~10,~~709~~057	$	~~100~~16,~~135~~721
Interest paid	$	369,~~410~~931	$	3311,~~795~~939
Non-cash consideration in connection with acquisitions	$	—	$	51,~~056~~640

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Unaudited)

	Common Stock			AdditionalPaid-InCapital		RetainedEarnings		Treasury Stock			AccumulatedOtherComprehensive (Loss) Income		TotalStockholders'Equity
(in thousands)	Shares	Amount						Shares	Amount
Balance, January 1, 2024	95,267	$	953	$	1,670,450	$	5,283,342	8,361	$	(1,474,110)	$	(90,271)	$	5,390,364
Balance, January 1, 2025	95,267	$	953	$	1,790,688	$	5,859,034	7,732	$	(1,416,655)	$	(147,580)	$	6,086,440
Acquisition activity of previously acquired businesses				~~1,818~~484				(82)	~~719~~181				~~2,537~~665
Stock-based compensation activity				(3033,~~455~~178)				(~~382~~377)	3435,~~443~~346				32,~~988~~168
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax effects											(22,024)		(22,024)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax effects											38,337		38,337
Net income						3451,~~778~~865							3451,~~778~~865
Balance, March 31, 2024	95,267	$	953	$	1,641,813	$	5,318,120	7,971	$	(1,438,948)	$	(112,295)	$	5,409,643
Balance, March 31, 2025	95,267	$	953	$	1,757,994	$	5,910,899	7,353	$	(1,381,128)	$	(109,243)	$	6,179,475
Stock-based compensation activity				48,070				(79)	7,174				55,244
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax effects											(8,418)		(8,418)
Net income						130,034							130,034
Balance, June 30, 2024	95,267	$	953	$	1,689,883	$	5,448,154	7,892	$	(1,431,774)	$	(120,713)	$	5,586,503
Stock-based compensation activity				60,360				(48)	4,646				65,006
Other comprehensive income, net of tax effects											49,075		49,075
Net income						128,192							128,192
Balance, September 30, 2024	95,267	$	953	$	1,750,243	$	5,576,346	7,844	$	(1,427,128)	$	(71,638)	$	5,828,776

	Common Stock			AdditionalPaid-InCapital		RetainedEarnings		Treasury Stock			AccumulatedOtherComprehensive (Loss~~) Income~~		TotalStockholders'Equity
(in thousands)	Shares	Amount						Shares	Amount
Balance, January 1, 2023	95,267	$	953	$	1,540,317	$	4,782,930	8,317	$	(1,335,627)	$	(122,722)	$	4,865,851
Balance, January 1, 2024	95,267	$	953	$	1,670,450	$	5,283,342	8,361	$	(1,474,110)	$	(90,271)	$	5,390,364
Treasury shares acquired, including excise tax								650	(197,416)				(197,416)
Acquisition activity of previously acquired businesses				1,818				(8)	719				2,537
Stock-based compensation activity				(3430,~~529~~455)				(~~356~~382)	34,~~350~~443				~~(179)~~3,988
Other comprehensive income											13,284		13,284
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax effects											(22,024)		(22,024)
Net income						~~100~~34,~~622~~778							~~100~~34,~~622~~778
Balance, March 31, 2023	95,267	$	953	$	1,505,788	$	4,883,552	8,611	$	(1,498,693)	$	(109,438)	$	4,782,162
Balance, March 31, 2024	95,267	$	953	$	1,641,813	$	5,318,120	7,971	$	(1,438,948)	$	(112,295)	$	5,409,643
Treasury shares acquired, including excise tax									343				343
Stock-based compensation activity				44,365				(105)	10,013				54,378
Other comprehensive income											8,003		8,003
Net income						69,526							69,526
Balance, June 30, 2023	95,267	$	953	$	1,550,153	$	4,953,078	8,506	$	(1,488,337)	$	(101,435)	$	4,914,412
Treasury shares acquired, including excise tax									264				264
Stock-based compensation activity				62,116				(77)	7,340				69,456
Other comprehensive loss											(32,834)		(32,834)
Net income						55,502							55,502
Balance, September 30, 2023	95,267	$	953	$	1,612,269	$	5,008,580	8,429	$	(1,480,733)	$	(134,269)	$	5,006,800

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025

(Unaudited)

1.Organization

ANSYS, Inc. (Ansys, we, us, our) develops and globally markets engineering simulation software and services widely used by engineers, designers, researchers and students across a broad spectrum of industries and academia, including high-tech, aerospace and defense, automotive, energy, industrial equipment, materials and chemicals, consumer products, healthcare and construction.

As defined by the accounting guidance for segment reporting, we operate as one segment.

Given the integrated approach to the multi-discipline problem-solving needs of our customers, a single sale may contain components from multiple product areas and include combined technologies. We also have a multi-year product and integration strategy that will result in new, combined products or changes to the historical product offerings. As a result, it is impracticable for us to provide accurate historical or current reporting among our various product lines.

Pending Acquisition

On January 15, 2024, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the Merger Agreement) with Synopsys, Inc., a Delaware corporation (Synopsys), and ALTA Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of Synopsys (Merger Sub), under which Synopsys will acquire Ansys. The transaction is anticipated to close in the first half of 2025, subject to the receipt of required regulatory approvals and other customary closing conditions. As part of our efforts to obtain regulatory approval for the merger, we have entered into a definitive agreement with Keysight Technologies, Inc. for the sale of our PowerArtist RTL business. The transaction is subject to customary closing conditions, including review by regulatory authorities, and the closing of Synopsys' proposed acquisition of Ansys. As such, the assets and liabilities of the PowerArtist RTL business have not been classified as assets held for sale in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The PowerArtist RTL business has not materially contributed to our financial results.

2.Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information for commercial and industrial companies, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements (and notes thereto) included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2023~~2024 (~~2023~~2024 Form 10-K). The condensed consolidated December 31, ~~2023~~2024 balance sheet presented is derived from the audited December 31, ~~2023~~2024 balance sheet included in the ~~2023~~2024 Form 10-K. In our opinion, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements have been included, and all adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. Operating results for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future period.

Accounting Guidance Issued and Not Yet Adopted

Segment reporting: In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (ASU 2023-07). ASU 2023-07 requires enhanced disclosures related to segment information, including for entities with one reportable segment. It does not change the determination of reportable segments. The enhanced disclosures in accordance with the new guidance are required to be reported in the annual period beginning after December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted. The standard only impacts footnote disclosures.

Income tax disclosures: In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09). ASU 2023-09 requires disclosure of greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. It also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The standard only impacts footnote disclosures.

Expense disaggregation disclosures: In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Topic 220): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (ASU 2024-03). ASU 2024-03 requires disclosure of disaggregation of expense captions. It also includes certain other disclosure requirements to improve the reporting of expense information. The standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026. Early adoption is permitted. The standard only impacts footnote disclosures.

Table of Contents

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments such as deposits held at major banks and money market funds. Cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. Our money market fund balances are held in various funds of a single issuer at ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025.

Short-term investments consist of available-for-sale debt securities with remaining maturities greater than three months at the date of purchase and time deposits. Investments in debt securities with remaining maturities greater than three months at the date of purchase are designated as short-term available-for-sale securities, as we may convert these investments into cash at any time, including to fund general operations. We invest in debt securities that have an effective maturity term of less than three years. The debt securities are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets as a component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss~~) income~~. For available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position, we evaluate whether a current expected credit loss exists based on available information relevant to the credit rating of the security, current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The allowance for any credit loss will be recorded in other (expense~~) income~~, net, on the condensed consolidated statements of income, not to exceed the amount of the unrealized loss. Any excess unrealized loss other than the credit loss is generally recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss. The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method and realized gains and losses are included in other (expense~~) income~~, net. To date, we have not recorded any credit loss or realized gains or losses.

3.Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes revenue:

~~Three Months Ended~~

Three Months Ended

~~Nine Months Ended~~

(in thousands, except percentages)

~~September 30,2024~~

~~September 30,2023~~

~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025

~~September~~March 3031,~~2023~~2024

Revenue:

Subscription lease licenses

~~194,322~~

~~103,573~~

~~507~~96,~~711~~919

~~386~~94,~~494~~800

Perpetual licenses

~~82,626~~

~~58,849~~

~~212~~63,~~790~~036

~~199~~65,~~977~~521

Software licenses

~~276,948~~

~~162,422~~

~~720~~159,~~501~~955

~~586~~160,~~471~~321

Maintenance

~~306,670~~

~~278,108~~

~~889~~324,~~836~~392

~~820~~289,~~393~~340

Service

~~18,274~~

~~18,265~~

5220,~~298~~544

5716,~~977~~944

Maintenance and service

~~324,944~~

~~296,373~~

~~942~~344,~~134~~936

~~878~~306,~~370~~284

Total revenue

~~601,892~~

~~458,795~~

1504,~~662,635~~891

1466,~~464,841~~605

Direct revenue, as a percentage of total revenue

~~74.6~~

~~73.5~~

7269.81

7366.75

Indirect revenue, as a percentage of total revenue

~~25.4~~

~~26.5~~

2730.29

2633.35

Our software license revenue is recognized up front, while maintenance and service revenue is recognized over the term of the contract.

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Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of billings made or payments received in advance of revenue recognition from customer agreements. The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of billings to customers. Payment terms vary by the type and location of customer and the products or services offered. The time between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant.

The changes in deferred revenue, inclusive of both current and long-term deferred revenue, during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024 were as follows:

(in thousands)	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Beginning balance – January 1	$	~~479~~536,~~754~~305	$	~~435~~479,~~758~~754
Acquired deferred revenue	—		7,910
Deferral of revenue	482,903		448,381
Deferral of revenue	1,634,160		1,399,367
Recognition of revenue	(504,891)		(466,605)
Recognition of revenue	(1,662,635)		(1,464,841)
Currency translation	6,841		(6,929)
Currency translation	59		(7,761)
Ending balance – March 31	$	521,158	$	454,601
Ending balance – September 30	$	451,338	$	370,433

Total revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations as of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 will be recognized as revenue as follows:

(in thousands)
Next 12 months	$	~~902~~1,~~792~~001,515
Months 13-24	~~343~~401,~~105~~781
Months 25-36	~~146~~169,~~030~~768
Thereafter	7154,~~870~~679
Total revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations	$	1,~~463~~627,~~797~~743

Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, which includes both deferred revenue and backlog. Our backlog represents deferred revenue associated with installment billings for periods beyond the current quarterly billing cycle and committed contracts with start dates beyond the end of the current period. Revenue recognized during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024 included amounts in deferred revenue and backlog at the beginning of the period of $~~742~~351.8 million and $~~706~~292.28 million, respectively.

4.Acquisitions

During the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, 2025 and 2024, we incurred acquisition-related expenses of $134.28 million and $3914.9 3 million, respectively, primarily consisting of costs ~~related~~for to the Merger Agreement with Synopsys and the related divestiture of the PowerArtist RTL business. Acquisition-related expenses are recognized as costs of maintenance and service, selling, general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of income.

On December 5, 2023, we entered into an agreement to make a strategic equity investment in Humanetics in the amount of $300.0 million, subject to receipt of regulatory approvals among other customary closing conditions. As a result of our interactions with regulators, the parties mutually agreed to terminate the investment agreement in July 2024.

2023 Acquisitions

On January 3, 2023, we completed the acquisition of DYNAmore for a purchase price of $140.8 million, or $128.0 million net of cash acquired. The acquisition expanded our position as a simulation solution provider within the automotive industry. The effects of the acquisition were not material to our condensed consolidated results of operations.

Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2023, we completed other acquisitions to expand our solution offerings and enhance our customers' experience. These acquisitions were not significant, individually or in the aggregate. The combined purchase price of these acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2023 was approximately $94.4 million, or $88.3 million net of cash acquired.

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~~The operating results of each acquisition have been included in our condensed consolidated financial statements since each respective date of acquisition~~5.Cash ~~The~~Equivalents ~~effects~~and ofShort-Term ~~the acquisitions were not material to our condensed consolidated results of operations.~~Investments

5During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we invested in available-for-sale debt securities, which are included in short-term investments in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.~~Other~~ ~~Receivables~~As of March 31, 2025, our cash equivalents and ~~Current~~short-term ~~Assets~~investments were as follows:

Our other receivables and current assets comprise the following balances:


	March 31, 2025
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses Less Than 12 Continuous Months		Estimated Fair Value(1)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	556,356	$	—	$	—	$	556,356
Total cash equivalents	556,356		—		—		556,356
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	44,556		195		(8)		44,743
Municipal bonds	20,416		53		(27)		20,442
U.S. agency bonds	5,050		—		(16)		5,034
Other short-term investments	185		—		—		185
Total short-term investments	70,207		248		(51)		70,404
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	626,563	$	248	$	(51)	$	626,760

(in thousands)	September 30,2024		December 31,2023
Receivables related to unrecognized revenue	$	176,725	$	253,646
Income taxes receivable, including overpayments and refunds	29,034		22,104
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	64,376		48,901
Total other receivables and current assets	$	270,135	$	324,651

(1) See Note 9, "Fair Value Measurement" for further discussion on fair values.

Of the $44.7 million of corporate debt securities, $3.5 million were in a loss position at March 31, 2025. Of the $20.4 million of municipal bonds, $5.9 million were in a loss position at March 31, 2025. All $5.0 million of the U.S. agency bonds were in a loss position at March 31, 2025.

The unrealized losses presented above are primarily attributable to changes in interest rates. We believe that we have the ability to realize the full value of these investments upon maturity.

The following table outlines maturities of our available-for-sale debt securities as of March 31, 2025:


(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Less than 1 year	$	19,958	$	19,987
1-3 years	50,064		50,232
Total	$	70,022	$	70,219

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As of December 31, 2024, our cash equivalents and short-term investments were as follows:


	December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses Less Than 12 Continuous Months		Estimated Fair Value(1)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	410,515	$	—	$	—	$	410,515
Total cash equivalents	410,515		—		—		410,515
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	27,149		76		(20)		27,205
Municipal bonds	18,402		39		(59)		18,382
U.S. agency bonds	5,056		—		(51)		5,005
Other short-term investments	182		—		—		182
Total short-term investments	50,789		115		(130)		50,774
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	461,304	$	115	$	(130)	$	461,289

(1) See Note 9, "Fair Value Measurement" for further discussion on fair values.

Of the $27.2 million of corporate debt securities, $5.3 million were in a loss position at December 31, 2024. Of the $18.4 million of municipal bonds, $6.0 million were in a loss position at December 31, 2024. All $5.0 million of the U.S. agency bonds were in a loss position at December 31, 2024.

6. Other Receivables and Current Assets and Other Accrued Expenses and Liabilities

Our other receivables and current assets and other accrued expenses and liabilities comprise the following balances:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Receivables related to unrecognized revenue	$	175,582	$	244,605
Income taxes receivable, including overpayments and refunds	14,616		7,755
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	75,420		58,766
Total other receivables and current assets	$	265,618	$	311,126

Payroll-related accruals	46,532		16,688
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	145,072		188,281
Total other accrued expenses and liabilities	$	191,604	$	204,969

Receivables related to unrecognized revenue represent the current portion of billings made for customer contracts that have not yet been recognized as revenue.

~~6.Earnings Per Share~~12

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7. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (EPS) amounts are computed by dividing earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS amounts assume the issuance of common stock for all potentially dilutive equivalents outstanding. To the extent stock awards are anti-dilutive, they are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.

The details of basic and diluted EPS are as follows:

~~Three Months Ended~~

Three Months Ended

~~Nine Months Ended~~

(in thousands, except per share data)

~~September 30,2024~~

~~September 30,2023~~

~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025

~~September~~March 3031,~~2023~~2024

Net income

~~128,192~~

~~55,502~~

~~293~~51,~~004~~865

~~225~~34,~~650~~778

Weighted average shares outstanding – basic

~~87,399~~

~~86,817~~

87,~~266~~653

8687,~~814~~067

Dilutive effect of stock plans

~~486~~

~~564~~

~~548~~474

~~521~~713

Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted

~~87,885~~

~~87,381~~

8788,~~814~~127

87,~~335~~780

Basic earnings per share

~~1.47~~

~~0.64~~

30.3659

20.6040

Diluted earnings per share

~~1.46~~

~~0.64~~

30.3459

20.5840

Anti-dilutive shares

—

~~257~~53

7 8. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are classified as follows:

September 30, 2024

December 31, 2023

March 31, 2025

December 31, 2024

(in thousands)

GrossCarryingAmount

AccumulatedAmortization

GrossCarryingAmount

AccumulatedAmortization

Finite-lived intangible assets:

Developed software and core technologies

1,~~151~~147,~~665~~812

(~~619~~659,~~558~~307)

1,~~146~~142,~~022~~840

(~~557~~635,~~359~~450)

Customer lists

~~271~~267,~~859~~657

(8898,~~541~~999)

~~289~~261,~~874~~895

(8991,~~800~~769)

Trade names

~~190~~189,~~607~~918

(~~149~~153,~~677~~203)

~~190~~189,~~203~~017

(~~143~~150,~~880~~646)

Total

1,~~614~~605,~~131~~387

(~~857~~911,~~776~~509)

1,~~626~~593,~~099~~752

(~~791~~877,~~039~~865)

Indefinite-lived intangible asset:

Trade name

357

Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives of two years to seventeen years.

11As of March 31, 2025, estimated future amortization expense for the intangible assets reflected above was as follows:


(in thousands)
Remainder of 2025	$	86,118
2026	116,278
2027	119,495
2028	113,105
2029	99,233
2030	65,054
Thereafter	94,595
Total intangible assets subject to amortization	693,878
Indefinite-lived trade name	357
Other intangible assets, net	$	694,235

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AsThe ofchanges ~~September 30,~~in ~~2024,~~goodwill ~~estimated~~during ~~future~~the ~~amortization~~three ~~expense~~months ~~for~~ended ~~the~~March 31, ~~intangible~~2025 ~~assets~~and ~~reflected~~2024 ~~above~~were ~~was~~ as follows:

(in thousands)	2025		2024
Remainder of 2024	$	27,689
Beginning balance – January 1	$	3,778,128	$	3,805,874
2025	116,232
Acquisitions and adjustments(1)	—		2,872
2026	117,102
Currency translation	21,681		(10,887)
2027	120,311
Ending balance – March 31	$	3,799,809	$	3,797,859
2028	113,810
2029	99,816
Thereafter	161,395
Total intangible assets subject to amortization	756,355
Indefinite-lived trade name	357
Other intangible assets, net	$	756,712

The changes in goodwill during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

(in thousands)	2024		2023
Beginning balance – January 1	$	3,805,874	$	3,658,267
Acquisitions and adjustments(1)	841		113,502
Currency translation	11,845		(2,448)
Ending balance – September 30	$	3,818,560	$	3,769,321

(1) In accordance with the accounting for business combinations, we recorded adjustments to goodwill for the effect of changes in the provisional fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed during the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date) as we obtained new information about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date.

During the first quarter of ~~2024~~2025, we completed the annual impairment test for goodwill and the indefinite-lived intangible asset and determined that these assets had not been impaired as of the test date, January 1, ~~2024~~2025. No events or circumstances changed during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 that would indicate that the fair values of our reporting unit and indefinite-lived intangible asset are below their carrying amounts.

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89.~~Cash~~ Fair ~~Equivalents~~Value ~~and Short-Term Investments~~Measurement

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we invested in available-for-sale debt securities, which are included in short-term investments in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2024, our cash equivalents and short-term investments were as follows:

(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses Less Than 12 Continuous Months		Estimated Fair Value(1)
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	246,657	$	—	$	—	$	246,657
Total cash equivalents	246,657		—		—		246,657
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	26,855		244		—		27,099
Municipal bonds	16,746		117		(8)		16,855
U.S. agency bonds	5,062		17		(4)		5,075
Other short-term investments	183		—		—		183
Total short-term investments	48,846		378		(12)		49,212
Total cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	295,503	$	378	$	(12)	$	295,869

(1) See Note 9, "Fair Value Measurement" for further discussion on fair values.

Of the $27.1 million corporate debt securities, $0.5 million are in a loss position at September 30, 2024. Of the $16.9 million municipal bonds, $4.5 million are in a loss position at September 30, 2024. Of the $5.1 million U.S. agency bonds, $2.0 million are in a loss position at September 30, 2024.

The unrealized losses presented above are primarily attributable to changes in interest rates. We believe that we have the ability to realize the full value of these investments upon maturity.

The following table outlines maturities of our available-for-sale debt securities as of September 30, 2024:

(in thousands)	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Less than 1 year	$	15,551	$	15,599
1-3 years	33,112		33,430
Total	$	48,663	$	49,029

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9.Fair Value Measurement

The valuation hierarchy for disclosure of assets and liabilities reported at fair value prioritizes the inputs for such valuations into three broad levels:

•Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•Level 2: quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument; or

•Level 3: unobservable inputs based on our own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value.

A financial asset's or liability's classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Our debt is classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because these borrowings are not actively traded and have a variable interest rate structure based upon market rates. The carrying amount of our debt approximates the estimated fair value. See Note 11, "Debt", for additional information on our borrowings.

The following tables provide the assets carried at fair value and measured on a recurring basis:

Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:

(in thousands)

~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025

Quoted Prices inActive Markets(Level 1)

Significant OtherObservableInputs(Level 2)

SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3)

Assets

Cash equivalents:

Money market funds

~~246~~556,~~657~~356

—

Short-term investments:

Corporate debt securities

2744,~~099~~743

—

2744,~~099~~743

—

Municipal bonds

1620,~~855~~442

—

1620,~~855~~442

—

U.S. agency bonds

5,~~075~~034

—

5,~~075~~034

—

Other short-term investments

~~183~~185

—

~~183~~185

—

Deferred compensation plan investments

2,~~434~~486

—

Equity securities

~~698~~777

—

			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:
(in thousands)	December 31, ~~2023~~2024		Quoted Prices inActive Markets(Level 1)		Significant OtherObservableInputs(Level 2)		SignificantUnobservableInputs(Level 3)
Assets (Liabilities)
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	~~170~~410,~~821~~515	$	~~170~~410,~~821~~515	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments:
Other short-term investments	$	189	$	—	$	189	$	—
Corporate debt securities	$	27,205	$	—	$	27,205	$	—
Deferred compensation plan investments	$	2,337	$	2,337	$	—	$	—
Municipal bonds	$	18,382	$	—	$	18,382	$	—
Equity securities	$	634	$	634	$	—	$	—
U.S. agency bonds	$	5,005	$	—	$	5,005	$	—
Forward contracts	$	(412)	$	—	$	(412)	$	—
Other short-term investments	$	182	$	—	$	182	$	—
Deferred compensation plan investments	$	2,459	$	2,459	$	—	$	—
Equity securities	$	785	$	785	$	—	$	—

The cash equivalents in the preceding tables represent money market funds, valued at net asset value, with carrying values which approximate their fair values because of their short-term nature.

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The short-term investments in the preceding tables represent available-for-sale debt securities and time deposits.

The deferred compensation plan investments in the preceding tables represent trading securities held in a rabbi trust for the benefit of non-employee directors. These securities consist of mutual funds traded in an active market with quoted prices. As a result, the plan assets are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. The plan assets are recorded within other long-term assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The equity securities represent our investment in a publicly traded company. These securities are traded in an active market with quoted prices. As a result, the securities are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. The securities are recorded within other long-term assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

~~The forward contracts represent currency hedges to mitigate exchange rate exposure~~ 10. These contracts are classified within Level 2 because these contracts are not actively traded and the valuation inputs are based on quoted prices and market observable data of similar instruments. The liabilities associated with the forward contracts are recorded at fair value in other accrued expenses and liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Leases

10Our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities primarily include operating leases for office space.~~Leases~~ Our executive offices and those related to certain domestic product development, marketing, production and administration are located in a 186,000 square foot office facility in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The term of the lease is 183 months, which began on October 1, 2014 and expires on December 31, 2029. The lease agreement includes an option to renew the contract through August 2044. No options are included in the lease liability. Absent the exercise of options in the lease, our remaining base rent (inclusive of property taxes and certain operating costs) is $4.7 million per annum for 2025 - 2029.

Our right-of-use assets and lease liabilities primarily include operating leases for office space. Our executive offices and those related to certain domestic product development, marketing, production and administration are located in a 186,000 square foot office facility in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The term of the lease is 183 months, which began on October 1, 2014 and expires on December 31, 2029. The lease agreement includes an option to renew the contract through August 2044. No options are included in the lease liability. Absent the exercise of options in the lease, our remaining base rent (inclusive of property taxes and certain operating costs) is $4.5 million per annum through 2024 and $4.7 million per annum for 2025 - 2029.

The components of our global lease cost reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of income are as follows:

~~Three Months Ended~~

Three Months Ended

~~Nine Months Ended~~

(in thousands)

~~September 30,2024~~

~~September 30,2023~~

~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025

~~September~~March 3031,~~2023~~2024

Lease liability cost

~~7,016~~

~~7,097~~

217,~~472~~002

217,~~207~~328

Variable lease cost not included in the lease liability(1)

~~1,454~~

~~1,523~~

41,~~096~~287

41,~~134~~383

Total lease cost

~~8,470~~

~~8,620~~

258,~~568~~289

258,~~341~~711

(1) Variable lease cost includes common area maintenance, property taxes, utilities and fluctuations in rent due to a change in an index or rate.

Other information related to operating leases is as follows:

~~Three Months Ended~~

Three Months Ended

~~Nine Months Ended~~

(in thousands)

~~September 30,2024~~

~~September 30,2023~~

~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025

~~September~~March 3031,~~2023~~2024

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of the lease liability:

Operating cash flows from operating leases

~~(7,208)~~

~~(7,288)~~

(217,~~362~~215)

(207,~~993~~213)

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities

~~1,771~~

~~2,192~~

~~8,184~~103

71,~~508~~389

	As of September 30,
	As of March 31,
	2024		2023
	2025		2024
Weighted-average remaining lease term of operating leases	5.7 years		6.52 years
Weighted-average discount rate of operating leases	3.34	%	3.4	%

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The maturity schedule of the operating lease liabilities as of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 is as follows:

(in thousands)
Remainder of 2024	$	7,295
Remainder of 2025	$	21,455
2025	27,488
2026	23,783
2026	23,101
2027	19,262
2027	18,930
2028	17,540
2028	17,493
2029	12,659
Thereafter	3022,~~222~~148
Total future lease payments	~~124~~116,~~529~~847
Less: Present value adjustment	(10,~~882~~229)
Present value of future lease payments(1)	$	~~113~~106,~~647~~618

(1) Includes the current portion of operating lease liabilities of $24.8 million, which is reflected in other accrued expenses and liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

There were no material leases that have been signed but not yet commenced as of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025.

11. Debt

On June 30, 2022, we entered into a credit agreement (as amended, the 2022 Credit Agreement) with PNC Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, swing line lender, and an L/C issuer, the lenders party thereto, and the other L/C issuers party thereto. The 2022 Credit Agreement refinanced our previous credit agreements in their entirety. Terms used in this description of the 2022 Credit Agreement with initial capital letters that are not otherwise defined herein are as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement.

The 2022 Credit Agreement provides for a $755.0 million unsecured term loan facility and a $500.0 million unsecured revolving loan facility, which includes a $50.0 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit. The revolving loan facility is available for working capital and general corporate purposes. Each of the term loan facility and the revolving loan facility matures on June 30, 2027.

Borrowings under the term loan and revolving loan facilities accrue interest at a rate that is based on the Term SOFR plus an applicable margin or at the base rate plus an applicable margin, at our election. The base rate is the highest of (i) the Overnight Bank Funding Rate, plus 0.500%, (ii) the PNC Bank, National Association prime rate, and (iii) Daily Simple SOFR plus an adjustment for SOFR plus 1.00%. The applicable margin for the borrowings is a percentage per annum based on the lower of (1) a pricing level determined by our then-current consolidated net leverage ratio and (2) a pricing level determined by our public debt rating (if available).

On September 29, 2023, the 2022 Credit Agreement was amended to provide for an interest rate adjustment (Sustainability Rate Adjustment) based upon the achievement of certain environmental, social and governance key performance indicators (KPIs). The Sustainability Rate Adjustment range is +/- 0.05% and will be adjusted annually based on the KPIs of the preceding year.

The 2022 Credit Agreement also provides for the option to add certain foreign subsidiaries as borrowers and to borrow in Euros, Sterling, Yen and Swiss Francs under the revolving loan facility, up to a sublimit of $150.0 million. Borrowings under the revolving loan facility denominated in these currencies will accrue interest at a rate that is based on (a) for Euros, €STR, (b) for Sterling, SONIA, (c) for Yen, TONAR and (d) for Swiss Francs, SARON, plus an applicable margin calculated as described above.

Under the 2022 Credit Agreement, the weighted average interest rate in effect for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 was 65.25% ~~and 6.27%~~, ~~respectively,~~ as compared to 6.2232% ~~and 5.89%~~ for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023, respectively~~2024. The rate in effect asat ofMarch ~~September 30~~31, ~~2024~~2025 ~~and for the fourth quarter of 2024~~ under the 2022 Credit Agreement is 5.5325%.

The 2022 Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The 2022 Credit Agreement also contains a financial covenant requiring us and our subsidiaries to maintain a consolidated net leverage ratio not in excess of 3.50 to 1.00 as of the end of any fiscal quarter (for the four-quarter period ending on such date) with an opportunity for a temporary increase in such consolidated net leverage ratio to 4.00 to 1.00 upon the consummation of certain qualified acquisitions for which the aggregate consideration is at least $250.0 million.

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As of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025, we had $755.0 million of borrowings outstanding under the term loan, with a carrying value of $754.13 million, which is net of $0.97 million of unamortized debt discounts and issuance costs. The total amount was included in long-term debt. As of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025, no borrowings were outstanding under the revolving loan facility.

As of December 31, ~~2023~~2024, we had $755.0 million of borrowings outstanding under the term loan, with a carrying value of $~~753~~754.92 million, which is net of $10.18 million of unamortized debt discounts and issuance costs. The total amount was included in long-term debt. As of December 31, ~~2023~~2024, no borrowings were outstanding under the revolving loan facility.

We were in compliance with all covenants under the 2022 Credit Agreement as of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024.

12. Income Taxes

Our income before income tax provision, income tax provision and effective tax rates were as follows:

	~~Three Months Ended~~			Three Months Ended			~~Nine Months Ended~~
(in thousands, except percentages)	~~September 30,2024~~			~~September 30,2023~~			~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025			~~September~~March 3031,~~2023~~2024
Income before income tax provision	$	~~161,255~~		$	~~62,545~~		$	~~358~~64,~~745~~529		$	~~267~~40,~~366~~958
Income tax provision	$	~~33,063~~		$	~~7,043~~		$	6512,~~741~~664		$	416,~~716~~180
Effective tax rate	~~20.5~~		%	~~11.3~~		%	1819.36		%	15.61		%

~~The increase in the effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023 was a result of an increase in U~~ 13.~~S. federal tax expense on foreign earnings and an increase in non~~ Stock-~~deductible~~Based ~~expenses related to business combinations.~~Compensation

13.Stock Repurchase Program

There have been no share repurchases in 2024. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, 650 thousand shares were repurchased at an average price of $302.34 per share, with a total cost of $196.5 million. As of September 30, 2024, 1.1 million shares remained available for repurchase under the program.

14.Stock-Based Compensation

Total stock-based compensation expense and its net impact on basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows:

~~Three Months Ended~~

Three Months Ended

~~Nine Months Ended~~

(in thousands, except per share data)

September 30,2024

September 30,2023

September 30,2024

September 30,2023

(in thousands)

March 31,2025

March 31,2024

Cost of sales:

Maintenance and service

~~3,653~~

~~3,568~~

103,~~678~~977

93,~~924~~343

Operating expenses:

Selling, general and administrative

~~44,074~~

~~32,907~~

~~117~~42,~~043~~429

8934,~~006~~208

Research and development

~~24,603~~

~~21,586~~

7023,~~163~~837

5921,~~603~~113

Stock-based compensation expense before taxes

~~72,330~~

~~58,061~~

~~197~~70,~~884~~243

~~158~~58,~~533~~664

Related income tax benefits

~~(13,051)~~

~~(12,993)~~

(5026,~~340~~475)

(4123,~~848~~243)

Stock-based compensation expense, net of taxes

~~59,279~~

~~45,068~~

~~147~~43,~~544~~768

~~116~~35,~~685~~421

Net impact on earnings per share:

Basic earnings per share

(0.68)

(0.52)

(1.69)

(1.34)

Diluted earnings per share

(0.67)

(0.52)

(1.68)

(1.34)

17 14. Geographic Information

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15.Geographic Information

Revenue to external customers is attributed to individual countries based upon the location of the customer. Revenue by geographic area is as follows:

~~Three Months Ended~~

Three Months Ended

~~Nine Months Ended~~

(in thousands)

~~September 30,2024~~

~~September 30,2023~~

~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025

~~September~~March 3031,~~2023~~2024

United States

~~292,364~~

~~204,824~~

~~806~~220,~~867~~065

~~661~~199,~~953~~948

Japan

~~46,737~~

~~40,956~~

~~132~~43,~~253~~297

~~141~~36,~~770~~532

Germany

38,717

37,901

111,187

117,240

China and Hong Kong

43,010

44,934

China and Hong Kong

34,516

19,548

107,288

91,128

Germany

35,021

36,198

South Korea

~~29,193~~

~~27,928~~

8026,~~210~~369

7524,~~868~~370

Other Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA)

~~98,303~~

~~83,719~~

~~275~~83,~~250~~839

~~251~~82,~~696~~417

Other international

~~62,062~~

~~43,919~~

~~149~~53,~~580~~290

~~125~~42,~~186~~206

Total revenue

~~601,892~~

~~458,795~~

1504,~~662,635~~891

1466,~~464,841~~605

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Property and equipment by geographic area is as follows:

(in thousands)	~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025		December 31,~~2023~~2024
United States	$	6267,~~856~~220	$	5665,~~421~~731
India	6,~~077~~167		56,~~057~~280
France	5,~~553~~169		4,~~771~~975
Other EMEA	7,~~091~~084		6,~~924~~279
Other international	57,~~557~~093		46,~~607~~381
Total property and equipment, net	$	8792,~~134~~733	$	7789,~~780~~646

16 15. Contingencies and Commitments

We are subject to various claims, investigations, and legal and regulatory proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, including, but not limited to, commercial disputes, labor and employment matters, tax audits, alleged infringement of third parties' intellectual property rights and other matters. In our opinion, the resolution of pending matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position. However, each of these matters is subject to various uncertainties and it is possible that an unfavorable resolution of one or more of these proceedings could materially affect our consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position.

Our Indian subsidiary has several service tax audits pending that have resulted in formal inquiries being received on transactions through mid-2012. We could incur tax charges and related liabilities of $7.32 million. As such charges are not probable at this time, an estimated liability has not been recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025. The service tax issues raised in our notices and inquiries are very similar to the case, M/s Microsoft Corporation (I) (P) Ltd. Vs. Commissioner of Service Tax, New Delhi, wherein the Delhi Customs, Excise and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal (CESTAT) issued a favorable ruling to Microsoft. The Microsoft ruling was subsequently challenged in the Supreme Court of India by the Indian tax authority and a decision is still pending. We can provide no assurances on the impact that the present Microsoft case's decision will have on our cases, however, an unfavorable ruling in the Microsoft case may impact our assessment of probability and result in the recording of a $7.32 million estimated liability. We are uncertain as to when these service tax matters will be concluded.

We sell software licenses and services to our customers under contractual agreements. Such agreements generally include certain provisions indemnifying the customer against claims, by third parties, of infringement or misappropriation of their intellectual property rights arising from such customer's usage of our products or services. To date, payments related to these indemnification provisions have been immaterial. For several reasons, including the lack of prior material indemnification claims, we cannot determine the maximum amount of potential future payments, if any, related to such indemnification provisions.

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16. Segment Disclosure

We develop and globally market engineering simulation software. As defined by the accounting guidance for segment reporting, we operate as one segment. Our Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) is Ajei Gopal, President and Chief Executive Officer. The financial information provided to and used by the CODM assists in making operational decisions and allocating resources, such as the allocation of personnel. The annual budgeting process is the primary mechanism used to make these decisions. The financial information also helps in making performance assessments using budgeted versus actual results. The profit and loss measure reviewed by the CODM is net income. Segment disclosures, including significant segment expenses, are detailed below:


	Three Months Ended
(in thousands)	March 31, 2025		March 31, 2024
Revenue	$	504,891	$	466,605
Salaries	(157,642)		(150,451)
Stock-based compensation	(70,243)		(58,664)
Incentive compensation(1)	(33,310)		(31,321)
Amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions	(29,151)		(28,629)
Depreciation	(8,528)		(7,000)
Other headcount-related expenses	(55,141)		(49,990)
Interest income	16,743		10,995
Interest expense	(10,177)		(12,369)
Other segment expenses, net(2)	(92,913)		(98,218)
Income tax provision	(12,664)		(6,180)
Net income	$	51,865	$	34,778

(1) Incentive compensation includes bonuses and commissions.

(2) Other segment expenses, net consists primarily of IT maintenance and software hosting costs, marketing expenses, consulting and professional fees, acquisition-related costs and facilities costs.

The measure of segment assets is reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as total assets. The measure of expenditures for long-lived assets is reported on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows as capital expenditures.

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Item 2.Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025, and with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, ~~2023~~2024 included in the ~~2023~~2024 Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP).

Business

Ansys, a corporation formed in 1994, develops and globally markets engineering simulation software and services widely used by engineers, designers, researchers and students across a broad spectrum of industries and academia, including high-tech, aerospace and defense, automotive, energy, industrial equipment, materials and chemicals, consumer products, healthcare and construction. Headquartered south of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, we employed 6,~~400~~600 and 6,~~200~~500 people as of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024, respectively. We focus on the development of open and flexible solutions that enable users to analyze designs on-premises and/or via the cloud, providing a common platform for fast, efficient and cost-conscious product development, from design concept to final-stage testing, validation and deployment. We distribute our suite of simulation technologies through direct sales offices in strategic, global locations and a global network of independent resellers and distributors (collectively, channel partners). It is our intention to continue to maintain this hybrid sales and distribution model. We operate and report as one segment.

When visionary companies need to know how their world-changing ideas will perform, they close the gap between design and reality using Ansys simulation. For more than 50 years, Ansys software has enabled innovators across industries to push the boundaries of product design by using the predictive power of simulation. From sustainable transportation and advanced satellite systems to life-saving medical devices, Ansys powers innovation that drives human advancement.

Our strategy of Pervasive Insights seeks to deepen the use of simulation in our core market, to inject simulation throughout the product lifecycle and extend the accessibility to a broader set of users and use cases. Our business has three vectors of growth:

•More products. Our broad and deep multiphysics portfolio enables us to grow with customers as they use simulation to solve more complex problems across a broad set of industries.

•More users. Investments in simulation education and user experience simplification has made simulation more accessible to a broader user base.

•More computations. Larger and more complex simulations drive more computation, requiring customers to use more Ansys licenses to complete their simulations.

Through decades of investments in the academic community and enhanced user experiences, our solutions have become accessible and relevant beyond our core "engineering" end user, to reach more users upstream and downstream from our core, which is the product validation process. Our multiphysics solutions enable our customers to address increasingly complex research and development (R&D) challenges from the component through the system and mission level of analysis. Our products seamlessly enable access to high performance compute capacity to run simulations, on-premises or in the cloud, which means our customers' R&D teams are unencumbered by compute capacity limitations that can hinder R&D cycle times. ~~Our~~Through ~~investments~~our inupdated product strategy, we have embraced five key technology pillars: numerics, high-performance computing (HPC), cloud, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), and digital engineering. Innovation across these pillars has helped us transform and modernize processes and techniques across our business and deliver products that our customers rely on to win in the marketplace. For example, our investments in AI capabilities across our simulation portfolio and technical support services enhance the customer experience, democratize and accelerate simulation, unlock greater design exploration and further next-generation innovation.

The engineering simulation software market is strong and growing. The market growth is driven by customers' need for rapid, quality innovation in a cost -efficient manner, enabling faster time to market for new products, streamlined certification and lower warranty costs. Increasing product complexity is driving sustained demand for simulations. Key industry trends fueling customers' increasing needs for simulation include:

•Electrification;

•Autonomy;

•Connectivity;

•The industrial internet of things; ~~and~~(IIoT);

~~•Sustainability, including minimizing waste and physical prototyping, and improving circularity and development time.~~21

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•Digital transformation/shift to fully digital engineering ecosystem; and

•Sustainability, including minimizing waste and physical prototyping, and improving circularity and development time.

We have been investing and intend to continue to invest in our portfolio to broaden the range of physics and enable customers to analyze the interactions among physics at the component, system and mission level. Our strategy of Pervasive Insights is aligned with the near-term market growth opportunities and is laying the foundation for a future where simulation can be further democratized to broader classes of end users and end-use cases. In addition, we have and expect to continue to partner with industry leaders to extend simulation into other ecosystems and customer R&D workflows.

We license our technology to businesses in a ~~diverse~~wide ~~set~~range of industries, educational institutions and governmental agencies. We believe that the features, functionality and integrated multiphysics capabilities of our software products are as strong as they have ever been. The software business is generally characterized by long sales cycles which increase the difficulty of predicting sales for any particular quarter. We make many operational and strategic decisions based upon short- and long-term sales forecasts that are impacted not only by these long sales cycles, but also by current global economic conditions. As a result, we believe that our overall performance is best measured by fiscal year results rather than by quarterly results.

We address the competition and price pressure that we face in the short- and long-term by focusing on expanding the breadth, depth, ease of use and quality of the technologies, features, functionality and integrated multiphysics capabilities of our software products as compared to our competitors; investing in research and development to develop new and innovative products and increasing the capabilities of our existing products; maintaining a diverse industry footprint and focusing on customer needs, training, consulting and support; and enhancing our distribution channels. We also evaluate and execute strategic acquisitions to supplement our global engineering talent, product offerings and distribution channels.

Synopsys Merger Agreement

On January 15, 2024, we entered into the Merger Agreement with Synopsys and Merger Sub. The Merger Agreement provides for the merger of Merger Sub with and into Ansys, with Ansys surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of Synopsys. Our Board of Directors and stockholders have approved the Merger Agreement. If the merger is consummated, our common stock will be delisted from the Nasdaq Global Select Market and deregistered under the Exchange Act. The completion of the merger is subject to customary closing conditions, including, among others, approval under certain applicable antitrust and foreign investment regimes. We expect the transaction to close in the first half of 2025.

The ~~foregoing~~completion ~~summary~~ of the ~~Merger~~merger ~~Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby does not purport to be complete and~~ is subject to, ~~and~~customary ~~qualified~~closing inconditions, ~~its~~including, ~~entirety~~among byothers, approval of the ~~Merger~~merger ~~Agreement,~~under ~~which~~certain ~~was~~applicable ~~filed~~antitrust asand ~~Exhibit~~foreign 2investment regimes.1 toWe ~~our~~currently ~~Current~~expect ~~Report~~the ontransaction ~~Form~~to ~~8-K~~close ~~filed~~in onthe ~~January~~first ~~16,~~half ~~2024~~of 2025.

Since our 2024 Annual Form 10-K filing, the U.K. Competition and Markets Authority has formally cleared the transaction in Phase 1 subject to previously announced divestitures. Additionally, Ansys and Synopsys have received clearances from the Turkey Competition Authority, Japan Fair Trade Commission, Korea Fair Trade Commission and Taiwan Fair Trade Commission. We continue to work with the regulators in other relevant jurisdictions to conclude their reviews.

As part of our efforts to obtain regulatory approval for the merger, we have entered into a definitive agreement with Keysight Technologies, Inc. for the sale of our PowerArtist RTL business. The transaction is subject to customary closing conditions, including review by regulatory authorities, and the closing of Synopsys' proposed acquisition of Ansys. The PowerArtist RTL business has not materially contributed to our financial results.

Overview

Overall GAAP and Non-GAAP Results

This section includes a discussion of GAAP and non-GAAP results. For reconciliations of non-GAAP results to GAAP results, see the section titled "Non-GAAP Results" herein.

The ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024 period non-GAAP results exclude the income statement effects of stock-based compensation, excess payroll taxes related to stock-based compensation, amortization of acquired intangible assets, expenses related to business combinations and adjustments for the income tax effect of the excluded items.

~~Our GAAP and non-GAAP results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 reflected the following variances:~~22

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Revenue	31.2	%	13.5	%
GAAP Operating income	131.4	%	23.6	%
Non-GAAP Operating income	76.3	%	28.3	%
GAAP Diluted earnings per share	128.1	%	29.5	%
Non-GAAP Diluted earnings per share	83.0	%	33.4	%

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Our ~~results~~GAAP ~~reflect~~and annon-GAAP ~~increase~~results infor ~~revenue during~~ the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 ~~due~~as compared to ~~growth in subscription lease license, maintenance and perpetual license revenue. We also experienced increased operating expenses during~~ the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, 2024, ~~primarily~~reflected ~~due to increased personnel and acquisition costs. Acquisition costs primarily consist of costs related to~~ the ~~Merger~~following Agreement with Synopsys. Quarterly dynamics may not be representative of the momentum in our business given the shifting mix of license types and renewal cycles that can be volatile quarter to quarter. This further highlights the importance of measuring our results based on our fiscal year rather than individual quarters. variances:

This section also includes a discussion of constant currency results, which we use for financial and operational decision-making and as a means to evaluate period-to-period comparisons by excluding the effects of foreign currency fluctuations on the reported results. All constant currency results presented in this Item 2 exclude the effects of foreign currency fluctuations on the reported results. To present this information, the 2024 period results for entities whose functional currency is a currency other than the U.S. Dollar were converted to U.S. Dollars at rates that were in effect for the 2023 comparable period, rather than the actual exchange rates in effect for the 2024 period. Constant currency growth rates are calculated by adjusting the 2024 period reported amounts by the 2024 period currency fluctuation impacts and comparing to the 2023 comparable period reported amounts.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025

Revenue	8.2	%
GAAP Operating income	35.9	%
Non-GAAP Operating income	12.5	%
GAAP Diluted earnings per share	47.5	%
Non-GAAP Diluted earnings per share	18.0	%

Our results were driven by an increase in maintenance revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2025. We also experienced increased operating expenses during the three months ended March 31, 2025, primarily due to increased personnel costs. Quarterly dynamics may not be representative of the momentum in our business given the shifting mix of license types and renewal cycles that can be volatile quarter to quarter. This further highlights the importance of measuring our results based on our fiscal year rather than individual quarters.

This section includes a discussion of constant currency results, which we use for financial and operational decision-making and as a means to evaluate period-to-period comparisons by excluding the effects of foreign currency fluctuations on the reported results. All constant currency results presented in this Item 2 exclude the effects of foreign currency fluctuations on the reported results. To present this information, the 2025 period results for entities whose functional currency is a currency other than the U.S. Dollar were converted to U.S. Dollars at rates that were in effect for the 2024 comparable period, rather than the actual exchange rates in effect for the 2025 period. Constant currency growth rates are calculated by adjusting the 2025 period reported amounts by the 2025 period currency fluctuation impacts and comparing to the 2024 comparable period reported amounts.

Impact of Foreign Currency

Our comparative financial results were impacted by fluctuations in the U.S. Dollar during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 as compared to the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023~~2024. The impacts on our revenue and operating income as a result of the fluctuations of the U.S. Dollar when measured against our foreign currencies based on ~~2023~~2024 period exchange rates are reflected in the table below. Amounts in parenthesis indicate an adverse impact from currency fluctuations.

(in thousands)	~~Three Months Ended September 30, 2024~~		~~Nine~~Three Months Ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025
Revenue	$	~~133~~	$	(137,~~576~~679)
GAAP Operating income	$	~~(418)~~	$	(102,~~531~~848)
Non-GAAP Operating income	$	~~(320)~~	$	(103,~~259~~044)

In constant currency, our variances were as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
			Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Revenue	~~31.2~~	%	149.49	%
GAAP Operating income	~~132.0~~	%	2742.25	%
Non-GAAP Operating income	~~76.5~~	%	3014.26	%

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Other Key Business Metric

Annual Contract Value (ACV) is a key performance metric and is useful to investors in assessing the strength and trajectory of our business. ACV is a supplemental metric to help evaluate the annual performance of the business. Over the life of the contract, ACV equals the total value realized from a customer. ACV is not impacted by the timing of license revenue recognition. ACV is used by management in financial and operational decision-making and in setting sales targets used for compensation. ACV is not a replacement for, and should be viewed independently of, GAAP revenue and deferred revenue as ACV is a performance metric and is not intended to be combined with any of these items. There is no GAAP measure comparable to ACV. ACV is composed of the following:

•the annualized value of maintenance and subscription lease contracts with start dates or anniversary dates during the period, plus

•the value of perpetual license contracts with start dates during the period, plus

•the annualized value of fixed-term services contracts with start dates or anniversary dates during the period, plus

•the value of work performed during the period on fixed-deliverable services contracts.

When we refer to the anniversary dates in the definition of ACV above, we are referencing the date of the beginning of the next twelve-month period in a contractually committed multi-year contract. If a contract is three years in duration, with a start date of July 1, ~~2024~~2025, the anniversary dates would be July 1, ~~2025~~2026 and July 1, ~~2026~~2027. We label these anniversary dates as they are contractually committed. While this contract would be up for renewal on July 1, ~~2027~~2028, our ACV performance metric does not assume any contract renewals.Example 1: For purposes of calculating ACV, a $100,000 subscription lease contract or a $100,000 maintenance contract with a term of July 1, ~~2024~~2025 – June 30, ~~2025,~~2026 would each contribute $100,000 to ACV for fiscal year ~~2024~~2025 with no contribution to ACV for fiscal year ~~2025~~2026.Example 2: For purposes of calculating ACV, a $300,000 subscription lease contract or a $300,000 maintenance contract with a term of July 1, ~~2024~~2025 – June 30, ~~2027,~~2028 would each contribute $100,000 to ACV in each of fiscal years ~~2024~~2025, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2026~~2027. There would be no contribution to ACV for fiscal year ~~2027~~2028 as each period captures the full annual value upon the anniversary date.Example 3: A perpetual license valued at $200,000 with a contract start date of March 1, ~~2024~~2025 would contribute $200,000 to ACV in fiscal year ~~2024~~2025.

During the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~2023~~2024 our ACV was as follows:

Three Months Ended September 30,

Three Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands, except percentages)

~~2024~~2025

~~2023~~2024

Change

Actual

Constant Currency

Actual

ConstantCurrency

Amount

ACV

~~540~~410,~~527~~068

~~538~~416,~~963~~640

~~457~~407,~~549~~405

822,~~978~~663

180.17

819,~~414~~235

172.83

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2024				2023		Change
	Actual		Constant Currency		Actual		Actual			ConstantCurrency
	Amount						Amount		%	Amount		%
ACV	$	1,468,477	$	1,483,108	$	1,345,305	$	123,172	9.2	$	137,803	10.2

ACV for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was impacted by timing of subscription lease license renewals. We expect double-digit fiscal year 2025 ACV growth.

Recurring ACV includes both subscription lease license and maintenance ACV and excludes perpetual license and service ACV. Our trailing twelve-month recurring ACV, converted from the functional currency to U.S. Dollars at the ~~2023~~2024 period monthly average exchange rates, was as follows:

	Twelve Months Ended September 30,				Change
	Twelve Months Ended March 31,				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024		Amount		%
Recurring ACV at 2023 monthly average exchange rates	$	2,046,306	$	1,801,066	$	245,240	13.6
Recurring ACV at 2024 monthly average exchange rates	$	2,179,361	$	1,920,836	$	258,525	13.5

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Industry Commentary:

~~During the third quarter of 2024~~High-tech, ~~ACV growth was supported by our core industries of~~ aerospace ~~and~~& defense (A&D), ~~high-tech~~ and automotive. ~~Our~~continue ~~A&D~~to ~~customers~~be ~~increasingly~~our ~~rely~~leading onindustries ~~and invest~~ in ~~digital~~2025. ~~engineering~~In tohigh ~~create autonomous attritable and expendable systems~~tech, ~~place~~our ~~satellites~~customers ~~for~~are ~~communications~~leveraging ~~and~~our ~~imaging,~~solutions ~~develop~~to ~~electric~~optimize ~~vertical take-off~~ and ~~landing~~analyze ~~and~~increasingly ~~improve~~complex ~~sustainability~~chip ~~within commercial aviation~~designs. ~~Growth~~Demand infor ~~the high~~leading-~~tech~~edge ~~industry~~chip ~~was~~technologies ~~driven~~remains bystrong ~~customer~~as ~~demand~~edge ~~for~~computing, ~~semiconductor~~AI and ~~electronics~~data ~~intelligence~~centers ~~solutions~~proliferate. ~~that~~Within ~~advance~~the ~~3D-IC~~A&D ~~chip technology~~industry, ~~further~~our ~~system-on-chip~~customers ~~complexity~~remain infocused ~~mobile~~on ~~phones,~~optimizing ~~increased~~sustainability ~~chips~~ in ~~automobiles~~commercial aviation, and ~~embedded~~maturing AIdigital atengineering ~~the~~adoption ~~edge.~~to ~~The~~manage ~~combination~~the complexity of ~~our~~connected ~~multiphysics~~space ~~platform,~~and ~~AI/machine~~defense ~~learning~~systems. ~~technologies~~Despite ~~and~~uncertainty ~~cloud~~in ~~and~~the ~~high-performance~~automotive ~~computing~~industry, ~~solutions~~competitive ~~empower~~pressures ~~our~~continue ~~high-tech customers~~ to ~~achieve~~ ~~higher~~drive ~~product~~innovation ~~performance~~in ~~and~~areas ~~reliability~~such ~~while reducing development~~as ~~time~~electric and ~~cost. Additionally, high~~hybrid-~~tech~~electric ~~customers~~vehicles. ~~invest~~Our insolutions ~~our~~remain ~~products~~crucial toas ~~balance~~automotive ~~sustainability~~customers ~~and~~pursue ~~carbon~~accelerated ~~neutrality~~product ~~goals~~development ~~with~~cycles ~~demand~~and ~~for~~opportunities ~~advanced~~to ~~chip~~cut ~~design~~costs. ~~for AI~~Additionally, ~~Cloud,~~first ~~smart~~quarter ~~phones~~growth ~~and~~in ~~other devices. Within~~ the ~~automotive~~energy ~~industry,~~sector ~~customers~~has ~~continue~~been tofueled ~~invest~~by in our ~~software~~customers working to ~~reduce~~meet ~~development~~growing ~~time~~power ~~and~~generation ~~cost~~demand ~~across~~spurred ~~the~~by ~~entire~~data ~~electrified~~center ~~power~~expansion, ~~system.~~increased Asmanufacturing ~~automakers~~and ~~face~~electrification. ~~the~~Our ~~challenges~~core ofphysics ~~new~~solvers ~~regulations,~~accelerated ~~stalled~~by ~~customer~~HPC ~~demand and profitability pressures, they~~ are ~~forced~~being used to ~~diversify~~optimize ~~their~~product ~~electrification~~performance ~~line-up~~ and ~~bolster~~resolve ~~development~~in-field ofoperation ~~hybrid electric vehicles~~issues.

Geographic Trends:

The following table presents our geographic revenue variances using actual and constant currency rates during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 as compared to the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023~~2024:

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
			Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	~~Actual~~		~~Constant Currency~~		Actual		Constant Currency
Americas	~~40.4~~	%	~~40.4~~	%	2010.74	%	2010.75	%
EMEA	~~12.7~~	%	~~10.7~~	%	40.72	%	32.96	%
Asia-Pacific	~~33.2~~	%	~~35.1~~	%	911.17	%	1315.20	%
Total	~~31.2~~	%	~~31.2~~	%	138.52	%	149.49	%

The value and duration of multi-year subscription lease contracts executed during the period significantly impact the recognition of revenue. As a result, revenue may fluctuate, particularly on a quarterly basis, due to the timing of such contracts, relative differences in duration of long-term contracts from quarter to quarter and changes in the mix of license types sold compared to the prior year. Large swings in revenue growth rates are not necessarily indicative of customers' software usage changes or cash flows during the periods presented. To drive growth, we continue to focus on a number of sales improvement activities across our geographic regions, including sales hiring, pipeline building, productivity initiatives and customer engagement activities.

Use of Estimates:

The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to contract revenue, standalone selling prices of our products and services, allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets, useful lives for depreciation and amortization, operating lease assets and liabilities, fair values of stock awards, deferred compensation, income taxes, uncertain tax positions, tax valuation reserves, and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience, market experience, estimated future cash flows and various other assumptions that management believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Forward-Looking Information

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). Forward-looking statements are statements that provide current expectations or forecasts of future events based on certain assumptions. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and factors relating to our business which could cause our actual results to differ materially from the expectations expressed in or implied by such forward-looking statements.

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Forward-looking statements use words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” or other words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements include those about ~~market opportunity, including our total addressable market,~~ the proposed transaction with Synopsys, ~~Inc.,~~ including the expected date of closing and the potential benefits thereof, and other aspects of future operations. We caution readers not to place undue reliance upon any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made. We undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by law.

The risks associated with the following, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in any forward-looking statements:

•our ability to complete the proposed transaction with Synopsys on anticipated terms and timing, including completing the associated divestiture of our PowerArtist RTL business and obtaining regulatory approvals, and other conditions related to the completion of the transaction with Synopsys;

•the realization of the anticipated benefits of the proposed transaction with Synopsys, including potential disruptions to our and Synopsys’ businesses and commercial relationships with others resulting from the announcement, pendency, or completion of the proposed transaction and uncertainty as to the long-term value of Synopsys’ common stock;

•restrictions on our operations during the pendency of the proposed transaction with Synopsys that could impact our ability to pursue certain business opportunities or strategic transactions, including tuck-in M&A;

•adverse conditions in the macroeconomic environment, including inflation, recessionary conditions and volatility in equity and foreign exchange markets;

•political, economic and regulatory uncertainties in the countries and regions in which we operate;

•impacts from tariffs, trade sanctions, export controls or other trade barriers, including export control restrictions and licensing requirements for exports to China;

•impacts resulting from the conflict between Israel and Hamas and other countries and groups in the Middle East, including impacts from changes to diplomatic relations and trade policy between the United States and other countries resulting from the conflict;

•impacts from changes to diplomatic relations and trade policy between the United States and Russia or between the United States and other countries that may support Russia or take similar actions due to the conflict between Russia and Ukraine;

•constrained credit and liquidity due to disruptions in the global economy and financial markets, which may limit or delay availability of credit under our existing or new credit facilities, or which may limit our ability to obtain credit or financing on acceptable terms or at all;

•our ability to timely recruit and retain key personnel in a highly competitive labor market, including potential financial impacts of wage inflation and potential impacts due to the proposed transaction with Synopsys;

•our ability to protect our proprietary technology; cybersecurity threats or other security breaches, including in relation to breaches occurring through our products and an increased level of our activity that is occurring from remote global off-site locations; and disclosure ~~and~~or misuse of employee or customer data whether as a result of a cybersecurity incident or otherwise;

•~~increased~~ volatility in our revenue due to the timing, duration and value of multi-year subscription lease contracts; and our reliance on high renewal rates for annual subscription lease and maintenance contracts;

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•declines in our customers’ businesses resulting in adverse changes in procurement patterns; disruptions in accounts receivable and cash flow due to customers’ liquidity challenges and commercial deterioration; uncertainties regarding demand for our products and services in the future and our customers’ acceptance of new products; delays or declines in anticipated sales due to reduced or altered sales and marketing interactions with customers; and potential variations in our sales forecast compared to actual sales;

•our ability and our channel partners’ ability to comply with laws and regulations in relevant jurisdictions; and the outcome of contingencies, including legal proceedings, government or regulatory investigations and tax audit cases;

•uncertainty regarding income tax estimates in the jurisdictions in which we operate; and the effect of changes in tax laws and regulations in the jurisdictions in which we operate;

•the quality of our products, including the strength of features, functionality and integrated multiphysics capabilities; our ability to develop and market new products to address the industry’s rapidly changing technology, including the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning in our products as well as the products of our competitors; failures or errors in our products and services; and increased pricing pressure as a result of the competitive environment in which we operate;

•investments in complementary companies, products, services and technologies; our ability to complete and successfully integrate our acquisitions and realize the financial and business benefits of such transactions; and the impact indebtedness incurred in connection with any acquisition could have on our operations;

•investments in global sales and marketing organizations and global business infrastructure, and dependence on our channel partners for the distribution of our products;

•current and potential future impacts of any global health crisis, natural disaster or catastrophe; the actions taken to address these events by our customers, our suppliers, and regulatory authorities; the resulting effects on our business, the global economy and our consolidated financial statements; and other public health and safety risks and related government actions or mandates;

•operational disruptions generally or specifically in connection with transitions to and from remote work environments; and the failure of our technological infrastructure or those of the service providers upon whom we rely including for infrastructure and cloud services;

•our intention to repatriate previously taxed earnings and to reinvest all other earnings of our non-U.S. subsidiaries;

•plans for future capital spending; and the extent of corporate benefits from such spending ~~including with respect to customer relationship management~~; and higher than anticipated costs for research and development or a slowdown in our research and development activities;

•our ability to execute on our strategies related to environmental, social, and governance matters, and meet evolving and varied expectations, including as a result of evolving regulatory and other standards, processes, and assumptions, the pace of scientific and technological developments, increased costs and the availability of requisite financing, and changes in carbon markets; and

•other risks and uncertainties described in our reports filed from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC).

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Important Information and Where to Find It

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q refers to a proposed transaction between Synopsys and Ansys. In connection with the proposed transaction, Synopsys filed with the SEC, and the SEC declared effective on April 17, 2024, a registration statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-277912), that included a prospectus with respect to the shares of common stock of Synopsys to be issued in the proposed transaction and a proxy statement of Ansys which is referred to herein as the "proxy statement/prospectus." Ansys and Synopsys have filed and may continue to file with the SEC other documents regarding the proposed transaction. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is not a substitute for the proxy statement/prospectus or registration statement or any other document that Synopsys or Ansys may file with the SEC. The definitive proxy statement/prospectus has been mailed to all Ansys stockholders as of the record date. INVESTORS AND SECURITY HOLDERS ARE URGED TO READ THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT, PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS AND ALL OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTS FILED OR THAT WILL BE FILED BY ANSYS OR SYNOPSYS WITH THE SEC IN CONNECTION WITH THE PROPOSED TRANSACTION, AS WELL AS ANY AMENDMENTS OR SUPPLEMENTS TO THESE DOCUMENTS, CAREFULLY AND IN THEIR ENTIRETY IF AND WHEN THEY BECOME AVAILABLE BECAUSE THEY CONTAIN OR WILL CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE PROPOSED TRANSACTION.

Investors and security holders may obtain free copies of the registration statement, proxy statement/prospectus and all other relevant documents filed or that will be filed with the SEC by Synopsys or Ansys through the website maintained by the SEC at www.sec.gov.

The documents filed by Ansys with the SEC also may be obtained free of charge at Ansys' website at https://investors.ansys.com/ or upon written request to kelsey.debriyn@ansys.com. The documents filed by Synopsys with the SEC also may be obtained free of charge at Synopsys’ website at https://investor.synopsys.com/overview/default.aspx or upon written request to Synopsys at Synopsys, Inc., 675 Almanor Avenue, Sunnyvale, California 94085, Attention: Investor Relations.

No Offer or Solicitation

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is not intended to and shall not constitute an offer to buy or sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy or sell any securities, or a solicitation of any vote or approval, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction. No offering of securities shall be made, except by means of a prospectus meeting the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act.

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Results of Operations

The results of operations discussed below are on a GAAP basis unless otherwise stated.

Three Months Ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 Compared to Three Months Ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023~~2024

Revenue:

Three Months Ended September 30,

Three Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands, except percentages)

~~2024~~2025

~~2023~~2024

Change

GAAP

Constant Currency

GAAP

ConstantCurrency

Amount

Revenue:

Subscription lease licenses

~~194~~96,~~322~~919

~~194~~98,~~067~~588

~~103~~94,~~573~~800

902,~~749~~119

872.62

903,~~494~~788

~~87.~~4.0

Perpetual licenses

8263,~~626~~036

8263,~~312~~630

5865,~~849~~521

23(2,~~777~~485)

40(3.48)

23(1,~~463~~891)

39(2.9)

Software licenses

~~276~~159,~~948~~955

~~276~~162,~~379~~218

~~162~~160,~~422~~321

~~114,526~~(366)

70(0.52)

~~113~~1,~~957~~897

701.2

Maintenance

~~306~~324,~~670~~392

~~307~~329,~~175~~601

~~278~~289,~~108~~340

2835,~~562~~052

1012.31

2940,~~067~~261

1013.59

Service

1820,~~274~~544

1820,~~205~~751

1816,~~265~~944

93,600

—21.2

~~(60)~~3,807

(022.3)5

Maintenance and service

~~324~~344,~~944~~936

~~325~~350,~~380~~352

~~296~~306,~~373~~284

2838,~~571~~652

912.6

2944,~~007~~068

914.84

Total revenue

~~601~~504,~~892~~891

~~601~~512,~~759~~570

~~458~~466,~~795~~605

~~143~~38,~~097~~286

318.2

~~142~~45,~~964~~965

319.29

Revenue for the ~~quarter~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 increased 318.2% ~~in reported and constant currency~~ compared to the ~~quarter~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023~~2024, or 9.9% ~~Subscription~~in ~~lease~~constant ~~license~~currency. Maintenance revenue ~~increased~~growth 87of 12.61%, or 8713.49% in constant currency, ~~with~~is ~~substantially~~correlated ~~all~~with oflicense ~~the~~sales ~~increase~~and ~~attributable~~is todriven ~~incremental~~substantially ~~sales~~by to our existing ~~customers~~customer base. The reported $9035.71 million ~~increase~~growth in ~~subscription~~maintenance ~~lease license~~ revenue was attributable to a $7632.8 million increase in ~~value~~maintenance ~~from~~associated ~~multi-year~~with lease licenses and a $132.93 million increase in ~~value~~maintenance ~~from~~associated ~~annual~~with ~~licenses~~perpetual sales. ~~Maintenance~~Service revenue ~~growth~~increased ~~of 10~~21.32%, or 1022.5% in constant currency, isas ~~correlated~~compared ~~with~~to ~~previous~~the ~~license~~prior-year ~~sales~~quarter, primarily driven by an increase in consulting work across various industries including automotive and isA&D ~~driven~~in the EMEA region. Subscription lease license revenue increased 2.2%, or 4.0% in constant currency, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024, with substantially byall of the increase attributable to incremental sales to our existing ~~customer base~~customers. The reported $282.61 million ~~growth~~increase in ~~maintenance~~lease license revenue was attributable to a $295.3 9 million increase in ~~maintenance~~value ~~associated~~from ~~with~~multi-year ~~lease~~ licenses, partially offset by a $03.7 8 million decrease in ~~maintenance~~value ~~associated~~from ~~with~~annual ~~perpetual sales~~licenses. Perpetual license revenue, which is derived from new sales during the three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025, ~~increased~~decreased 403.48%, or 392.9% in constant currency, as compared to the three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023~~2024. Driving the ~~increase~~decrease in perpetual license revenue was a 4913.58% ~~increase~~decrease in ~~average~~the ~~deal~~volume ~~size~~of deals, partially offset by a 910.10% ~~decrease~~increase in ~~the~~average ~~volume~~deal size, net of ~~deals.~~currency impacts.

WeWith ~~continue~~respect to ~~experience~~revenue, ~~strong~~on ~~demand~~average ~~from our customers~~ for ~~contracts~~the ~~that~~three ~~often~~months ~~include~~ended ~~longer-term~~March 31, ~~subscription~~2025, ~~leases~~the ~~involving a larger number of our software products~~U.S. Dollar ~~These~~was ~~arrangements typically involve a higher overall transaction price~~3.5% ~~The~~stronger, ~~upfront~~when ~~recognition~~measured ofagainst ~~license~~our ~~revenue~~foreign ~~related~~currencies, tothan ~~these~~for ~~larger~~the ~~transactions~~three ~~can~~months ~~result~~ended inMarch 31, ~~significant subscription lease revenue volatility~~2024. ~~Software~~The ~~products,~~table ~~across~~below apresents ~~large~~the ~~variety~~net impacts of ~~applications~~currency ~~and~~fluctuations ~~industries,~~on ~~are~~revenue ~~increasingly~~for ~~distributed in software-as-a-service, cloud and other subscription environments in which~~ the ~~licensing~~three ~~approach~~months isended ~~time-based~~March 31, ~~rather than perpetual~~2025. ~~This~~Amounts ~~preference~~in ~~could~~parenthesis ~~result~~indicate inan aadverse ~~shift~~impact from ~~perpetual~~currency ~~licenses to time-based licenses, such as subscription leases, over the long term~~fluctuations.

With respect to revenue, on average for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, the U.S. Dollar was 0.1% weaker, when measured against our foreign currencies, than for the quarter ended September 30, 2023. The table below presents the net impacts of currency fluctuations on revenue for the quarter ended September 30, 2024. Amounts in parenthesis indicate an adverse impact from currency fluctuations.


(in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Euro	$	(2,847)
South Korean Won	(2,431)
Japanese Yen	(881)


Other	(1,520)
Total	$	(7,679)

(in thousands)	Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Euro	$	1,719
British Pound	658
Taiwan Dollar	(228)
South Korean Won	(635)
Japanese Yen	(1,153)
Other	(228)
Total	$	133

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As a percentage of revenue, our international and domestic revenues, and our direct and indirect revenues, were as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024		2023
	2025		2024
International	5156.4	%	5557.41	%
Domestic	4843.6	%	4442.69	%
Direct	7469.61	%	7366.5	%
Indirect	2530.49	%	2633.5	%

Deferred Revenue and Backlog:

Deferred revenue consists of billings made or payments received in advance of revenue recognition from customer agreements. The deferred revenue on our condensed consolidated balance sheet does not represent the total value of annual or multi-year, noncancellable agreements. Our backlog represents deferred revenue associated with installment billings for periods beyond the current quarterly billing cycle and committed contracts with start dates beyond the end of the current period. Our deferred revenue and backlog as of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024 consisted of the following:

Balance at September 30, 2024

Balance at March 31, 2025

(in thousands)

Total

Current

Long-Term

Deferred revenue

~~451~~521,~~338~~158

~~427~~490,~~188~~318

2430,~~150~~840

Backlog

1,~~012~~106,~~459~~585

~~475~~511,~~604~~197

~~536~~595,~~855~~388

Total

1,~~463~~627,~~797~~743

~~902~~1,~~792~~001,515

~~561~~626,~~005~~228

Balance at December 31, 2023

Balance at December 31, 2024

(in thousands)

Total

Current

Long-Term

Deferred revenue

~~479~~536,~~754~~305

~~457~~504,~~514~~527

2231,~~240~~778

Backlog

~~992~~1,~~830~~181,962

~~439~~524,~~879~~617

~~552~~657,~~951~~345

Total

1,~~472~~718,~~584~~267

~~897~~1,~~393~~029,144

~~575~~689,~~191~~123

Revenue associated with deferred revenue and backlog that will be recognized in the subsequent twelve months is classified as current in the tables above.

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Cost of Sales and Operating Expenses:

The tables below reflect our operating results on both a GAAP and constant currency basis. Amounts included in the discussions that follow each table are provided in constant currency. The impact of foreign exchange translation is discussed separately, where material.

	Three Months Ended September 30,
	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2024						2023			Change
	2025						2024			Change
	GAAP			Constant Currency			GAAP			GAAP			Constant Currency
(in thousands,except percentages)	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		%	Amount		%
Cost of sales:
Softwarelicenses	$	119,~~067~~370	1.89	$	119,~~050~~442	1.8	$	810,~~692~~044	12.92	$	~~2,375~~(674)	27(6.37)	$	~~2,358~~(602)	27(6.10)
Amortization	2123,~~890~~429		34.6	2123,~~841~~518		34.6	2022,~~707~~484		4.58	~~1,183~~945		54.72	1,~~134~~034		54.56
Maintenanceand service	3639,~~152~~770		67.09	3640,~~153~~441		67.09	3536,~~858~~139		7.87	~~294~~3,631		010.80	~~295~~4,302		011.89
Total cost ofsales	6972,~~109~~569		1114.54	6973,~~044~~401		1114.53	6568,~~257~~667		14.27	3,~~852~~902		5.97	34,~~787~~734		56.89
Gross profit	$	~~532~~432,~~783~~322	8885.56	$	~~532~~439,~~715~~169	8885.57	$	~~393~~397,~~538~~938	85.83	$	~~139~~34,~~245~~384	358.46	$	~~139~~41,~~177~~231	3510.4

~~Software Licenses~~Amortization: The increase in ~~the~~amortization ~~cost~~expense ~~of software licenses~~ was ~~primarily~~ due to ~~increased~~acquired ~~third-party~~intangible ~~royalties~~assets ofrelated ~~$2.3~~to ~~million~~our business combinations.

~~Amortization~~Maintenance and Service: The net increase in ~~amortization~~maintenance ~~expense~~and service costs was primarily due to ~~acquired~~the ~~intangible assets related to our business combinations.~~following:

~~The~~•Increased ~~improvement~~salaries inand ~~gross~~other-headcount ~~profit~~related ~~was~~costs ~~a result~~ of ~~the~~$1.9 ~~increase in revenue, partially offset by an increase in the cost of sales~~million.

29•Increased stock-based compensation of $0.6 million.

~~Table~~•Decreased costs related to foreign exchange translation of ~~Contents~~$0.7 million due to a stronger U.S Dollar.

	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2024						2023			Change
	GAAP			Constant Currency			GAAP			GAAP			Constant Currency
(in thousands,except percentages)	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		%	Amount		%
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	$	233,065	38.7	$	232,711	38.7	$	194,552	42.4	$	38,513	19.8	$	38,159	19.6
Research anddevelopment	132,320		22.0	132,222		22.0	123,223		26.9	9,097		7.4	8,999		7.3
Amortization	5,860		1.0	5,826		1.0	5,947		1.3	(87)		(1.5)	(121)		(2.0)
Total operatingexpenses	371,245		61.7	370,759		61.6	323,722		70.6	47,523		14.7	47,037		14.5
Operating income	$	161,538	26.8	$	161,956	26.9	$	69,816	15.2	$	91,722	131.4	$	92,140	132.0

The improvement in gross profit was a result of the increase in revenue, partially offset by the increase in the cost of sales.

Selling, General and Administrative: The increase in selling, general and administrative costs was primarily due to the following:

•Increased salaries and incentive compensation of $13.7 million.

•Increased acquisition costs of $12.1 million due to costs related to the Merger Agreement with Synopsys.

•Increased stock-based compensation of $11.2 million.

We anticipate that we will continue to make targeted investments in our global sales and marketing organizations and our global business infrastructure to enhance and support our revenue-generating activities.

Research and Development: The increase in research and development costs was primarily due to the following:

•Increased salaries, incentive compensation and other headcount-related expenses of $6.0 million.

•Increased stock-based compensation of $3.0 million.

We have traditionally invested significant resources in research and development activities and expect to continue to make investments in expanding the ease of use and capabilities of our broad portfolio of simulation software products.

Foreign currency fluctuations did not materially impact operating income for the quarter ended September 30, 2024.

Interest Income: Interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $13.3 million as compared to $4.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Interest income increased as a result of a higher invested cash balance, a higher interest rate environment and the related increase in the average rate of return on invested cash balances.

Other (Expense) Income, net: Other expense for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was $1.3 million as compared to other income of $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Other (expense) income consisted primarily of net foreign currency losses during the three months ended September 30, 2024 and net foreign currency gains during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

Income Tax Provision: Our income before income tax provision, income tax provision and effective tax rates were as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2024			2023
Income before income tax provision	$	161,255		$	62,545
Income tax provision	$	33,063		$	7,043
Effective tax rate	20.5		%	11.3		%

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The increase in the effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023 was a result of an increase in U.S. federal tax expense on foreign earnings and an increase in non-deductible expenses related to business combinations.


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025						2024			Change
	GAAP			Constant Currency			GAAP			GAAP			Constant Currency
(in thousands, except percentages)	Amount		% of Revenue	Amount		% of Revenue	Amount		% of Revenue	Amount		%	Amount		%
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	$	230,415	45.6	$	232,785	45.4	$	219,643	47.1	$	10,772	4.9	$	13,142	6.0
Research and development	137,292		27.2	138,848		27.1	128,811		27.6	8,481		6.6	10,037		7.8
Amortization	5,722		1.1	5,795		1.1	6,145		1.3	(423)		(6.9)	(350)		(5.7)
Total operating expenses	373,429		74.0	377,428		73.6	354,599		76.0	18,830		5.3	22,829		6.4
Operating income	$	58,893	11.7	$	61,741	12.0	$	43,339	9.3	$	15,554	35.9	$	18,402	42.5

~~When~~Selling, ~~compared~~General ~~to the federal~~ and ~~state~~Administrative: ~~combined~~The ~~statutory~~net ~~rate~~increase ~~for~~in ~~each respective period~~selling, ~~the~~general ~~effective tax rates for the quarters ended September 30, 2024~~ and ~~September~~administrative ~~30,~~costs ~~2023~~was ~~were~~primarily ~~favorably~~due ~~impacted~~to by the ~~FDII~~following: ~~deduction and research and development credits.~~

~~Net~~•Increased ~~Income: Our net income~~salaries, ~~diluted~~incentive ~~earnings~~compensation ~~per share~~ and ~~weighted~~other ~~average~~headcount-related ~~shares~~costs ~~used~~of in$8.6 ~~computing diluted earnings per share were as follows:~~million.

	Three Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2024		2023
Net income	$	128,192	$	55,502
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.46	$	0.64
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	87,885		87,381

•Increased stock-based compensation of $8.2 million.

•Increased marketing expenses of $1.9 million.

•Increased consulting and professional fees of $0.9 million.

•Increased depreciation of $0.9 million.

•Decreased acquisition costs of $9.7 million, primarily due to costs related to the Merger Agreement with Synopsys.

•Decreased costs related to foreign exchange translation of $2.4 million due to a stronger U.S Dollar.

Research and Development: The net increase in research and development costs was primarily due to the following:

•Increased salaries, incentive compensation and other headcount-related costs of $6.9 million.

•Increased stock-based compensation of $2.7 million.

•Decreased costs related to foreign exchange translation of $1.6 million due to a stronger U.S Dollar.

The impacts from currency fluctuations resulted in decreased operating income of $2.8 million for the three months ended

March 31, 2025 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Interest Income: Interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $16.7 million as compared to $11.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Interest income increased as a result of a higher invested cash balance, partially offset by a lower interest rate environment and a decrease in the average rate of return on invested cash balances.

Interest Expense: Interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $10.2 million as compared to $12.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. Interest expense decreased as a result of a lower interest rate environment.

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023

Revenue:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except percentages)	2024				2023		Change
	GAAP		Constant Currency		GAAP		GAAP			ConstantCurrency
	Amount						Amount		%	Amount		%
Revenue:
Subscription lease licenses	$	507,711	$	511,414	$	386,494	$	121,217	31.4	$	124,920	32.3
Perpetual licenses	212,790		213,741		199,977		12,813		6.4	13,764		6.9
Software licenses	720,501		725,155		586,471		134,030		22.9	138,684		23.6
Maintenance	889,836		898,577		820,393		69,443		8.5	78,184		9.5
Service	52,298		52,479		57,977		(5,679)		(9.8)	(5,498)		(9.5)
Maintenance and service	942,134		951,056		878,370		63,764		7.3	72,686		8.3
Total revenue	$	1,662,635	$	1,676,211	$	1,464,841	$	197,794	13.5	$	211,370	14.4

Revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased 13.5% compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, or 14.4% in constant currency. Subscription lease license revenue increased 31.4%, or 32.3% in constant currency, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023, with substantially all of the increase attributable to incremental sales to our existing customers. The reported $121.2 million increase in lease license revenue was attributable to a $106.7 million increase in value from multi-year licenses and a $14.5 million increase in value from annual licenses. Maintenance revenue growth of 8.5%, or 9.5% in constant currency, is correlated with previous license sales and is driven substantially by our existing customer base. The reported $69.4 million growth in maintenance revenue was attributable to a $82.9 million increase in maintenance associated with lease licenses, partially offset by a $13.5 million decrease in maintenance associated with perpetual sales. Perpetual license revenue, which is derived from new sales during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, increased 6.4%, or 6.9% in constant currency, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Driving the increase in perpetual license revenue was a 24.0% increase in average deal size, partially offset by a 17.6% decrease in the volume of deals.

With respect to revenue, on average for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the U.S. Dollar was 2.0% stronger, when measured against our foreign currencies, than for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The table below presents the net impacts of currency fluctuations on revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Amounts in parenthesis indicate an adverse impact from currency fluctuations.

(in thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Japanese Yen	$	(12,111)
South Korean Won	(2,904)
Taiwan Dollar	(1,069)
British Pound	1,312
Euro	1,823
Other	(627)
Total	$	(13,576)

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As a percentage of revenue, our international and domestic revenues, and our direct and indirect revenues, were as follows:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024		2023
International	51.5	%	54.8	%
Domestic	48.5	%	45.2	%
Direct	72.8	%	73.7	%
Indirect	27.2	%	26.3	%

Cost of Sales and Operating Expenses:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024						2023			Change
	GAAP			Constant Currency			GAAP			GAAP			Constant Currency
(in thousands,except percentages)	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		%	Amount		%
Cost of sales:
Softwarelicenses	$	32,420	1.9	$	32,393	1.9	$	29,095	2.0	$	3,325	11.4	$	3,298	11.3
Amortization	66,759		4.0	66,633		4.0	60,404		4.1	6,355		10.5	6,229		10.3
Maintenanceand service	107,952		6.5	108,500		6.5	111,750		7.6	(3,798)		(3.4)	(3,250)		(2.9)
Total cost ofsales	207,131		12.5	207,526		12.4	201,249		13.7	5,882		2.9	6,277		3.1
Gross profit	$	1,455,504	87.5	$	1,468,685	87.6	$	1,263,592	86.3	$	191,912	15.2	$	205,093	16.2

Software Licenses: The increase in the cost of software licenses was primarily due to increased third-party royalties of $3.3 million.

Amortization: The increase in amortization expense was primarily due to acquired intangible assets related to our business combinations.

Maintenance and Service: The decrease in maintenance and service costs was primarily due to the following:

•Decreased third-party technical support of $3.2 million.

•Decreased other headcount-related costs of $1.6 million.

The improvement in gross profit was a result of the increase in revenue, partially offset by the increase in the cost of sales.

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	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024						2023			Change
	GAAP			Constant Currency			GAAP			GAAP			Constant Currency
(in thousands, except percentages)	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		% ofRevenue	Amount		%	Amount		%
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	$	681,331	41.0	$	684,058	40.8	$	585,278	40.0	$	96,053	16.4	$	98,780	16.9
Research and development	393,755		23.7	393,739		23.5	368,581		25.2	25,174		6.8	25,158		6.8
Amortization	18,125		1.1	18,064		1.1	16,598		1.1	1,527		9.2	1,466		8.8
Total operating expenses	1,093,211		65.8	1,095,861		65.4	970,457		66.2	122,754		12.6	125,404		12.9
Operating income	$	362,293	21.8	$	372,824	22.2	$	293,135	20.0	$	69,158	23.6	$	79,689	27.2

Selling, General and Administrative: The increase in selling, general and administrative costs was primarily due to the following:

•Increased acquisition costs of $34.7 million due to costs related to the Merger Agreement with Synopsys.

•Increased salaries and incentive compensation of $30.2 million.

•Increased stock-based compensation of $28.0 million.

•Increased information technology (IT) maintenance & software hosting costs of $3.1 million.

Research and Development: The increase in research and development costs was primarily due to the following:

•Increased salaries, incentive compensation and other headcount-related costs of $15.2 million.

•Increased stock-based compensation of $10.6 million.

The impacts from currency fluctuations resulted in decreased operating income of $10.5 million for the nine months ended

September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Interest Income: Interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $36.5 million as compared to $12.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Interest income increased as a result of a higher invested cash balance, a higher interest rate environment and the related increase in the average rate of return on invested cash balances.

Interest Expense: Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $36.9 million as compared to $34.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Interest expense increased as a result of a higher interest rate environment.

Other Expense, net: Other expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $3.1 million as compared to other expense of $3.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Other expense consisted primarily of net foreign currency losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and losses on equity investments and net foreign currency losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

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Income Tax Provision: Our income before income tax provision, income tax provision and effective tax rates were as follows:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except percentages)	~~2024~~2025			~~2023~~2024
Income before income tax provision	$	~~358~~64,~~745~~529		$	~~267~~40,~~366~~958
Income tax provision	$	6512,~~741~~664		$	416,~~716~~180
Effective tax rate	1819.36		%	15.61		%

The increase in the effective tax rate for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 compared to the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023~~2024 was primarily due to a relative decrease in benefits related to stock-based compensation and anresearch ~~increase~~and indevelopment ~~non-deductible~~credits ~~expenses~~as ~~related~~compared to ~~business~~income ~~combinations~~before income tax provision.

When compared to the federal and state combined statutory rate for each respective period, the effective tax rates for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023~~2024 were favorably impacted by tax benefits from stock-based compensation, the foreign-derived intangible income (FDII) deduction and research and development credits, partially offset by the impact of non-deductible compensation.

Net Income: Our net income, diluted earnings per share and weighted average shares used in computing diluted earnings per share were as follows:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)	~~2024~~2025		~~2023~~2024
Net income	$	~~293~~51,~~004~~865	$	~~225~~34,~~650~~778
Diluted earnings per share	$	30.3459	$	20.5840
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	8788,~~814~~127		87,~~335~~780

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Non-GAAP Results

We provide non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP gross profit margin, non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share as supplemental measures to GAAP regarding our operational performance. These financial measures exclude the impact of certain items and, therefore, have not been calculated in accordance with GAAP. A detailed explanation and a reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure to its most comparable GAAP financial measure are included below, as applicable.

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Reconciliations of GAAP to Non-GAAP Measures
(Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2024
	March 31, 2025
(in thousands, except percentages and per share data)	Gross Profit		% of Revenue		Operating Income		% of Revenue		Net Income		EPS - Diluted1
Total GAAP	$	~~532~~432,~~783~~322	8885.56	%	$	~~161~~58,~~538~~893	2611.87	%	$	~~128~~51,~~192~~865	$	10.4659
Stock-based compensation expense	3,~~653~~977		0.68	%	7270,~~330~~243		1214.10	%	7270,~~330~~243		0.8180
Excess payroll taxes related to stock-based awards	41354		—0.1	%	~~646~~6,016		0.1.2	%	~~646~~6,016		0.0107
Amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions	2123,~~890~~429		34.76	%	2729,~~750~~151		45.67	%	2729,~~750~~151		0.3233
Expenses related to business combinations	—405		—0.1	%	134,~~183~~787		20.29	%	134,~~183~~787		0.1505
Adjustment for income tax effect	—		—	%	—		—	%	(1517,~~091~~913)		(0.1720)
Total non-GAAP	$	~~558~~460,~~367~~487	9291.82	%	$	~~275~~169,~~447~~090	4533.85	%	$	~~227~~144,~~010~~149	$	21.5864

1 Diluted weighted average shares were 8788,~~885~~127.

	Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2023
	March 31, 2024
(in thousands, except percentages and per share data)	Gross Profit		% of Revenue		Operating Income		% of Revenue		Net Income		EPS - Diluted1
Total GAAP	$	~~393~~397,~~538~~938	85.83	%	$	6943,~~816~~339	159.23	%	$	5534,~~502~~778	$	0.6440
Stock-based compensation expense	3,~~568~~343		0.87	%	58,~~061~~664		12.7	%	58,~~061~~664		0.66
Excess payroll taxes related to stock-based awards	3378		—0.1	%	~~241~~5,362		01.1	%	~~241~~5,362		—0.06
Amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions	2022,~~707~~484		4.58	%	2628,~~654~~629		56.81	%	2628,~~654~~629		0.3133
Expenses related to business combinations	—		—	%	114,~~465~~261		0.3.0	%	114,~~465~~261		0.0216
Adjustment for income tax effect	—		—	%	—		—	%	(19,~~026~~698)		(0.22)
Total non-GAAP	$	~~417~~424,~~816~~143	9190.19	%	$	~~156~~150,~~237~~255	3432.12	%	$	~~122~~121,~~897~~996	$	1.4139

1 Diluted weighted average shares were 87,~~381~~780.

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ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Reconciliations of GAAP to Non-GAAP Measures
(Unaudited)
	Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2024
(in thousands, except percentages and per share data)	Gross Profit		% of Revenue		Operating Income		% of Revenue		Net Income		EPS - Diluted1
Total GAAP	$	1,455,504	87.5	%	$	362,293	21.8	%	$	293,004	$	3.34
Stock-based compensation expense	10,678		0.6	%	197,884		11.9	%	197,884		2.25
Excess payroll taxes related to stock-based awards	467		0.1	%	7,371		0.4	%	7,371		0.08
Amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions	66,759		4.0	%	84,884		5.1	%	84,884		0.97
Expenses related to business combinations	—		—	%	39,853		2.4	%	39,853		0.45
Adjustment for income tax effect	—		—	%	—		—	%	(54,788)		(0.62)
Total non-GAAP	$	1,533,408	92.2	%	$	692,285	41.6	%	$	568,208	$	6.47

1 Diluted weighted average shares were 87,814.

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2023
(in thousands, except percentages and per share data)	Gross Profit		% of Revenue		Operating Income		% of Revenue		Net Income		EPS - Diluted1
Total GAAP	$	1,263,592	86.3	%	$	293,135	20.0	%	$	225,650	$	2.58
Stock-based compensation expense	9,924		0.6	%	158,533		10.7	%	158,533		1.81
Excess payroll taxes related to stock-based awards	303		—	%	5,270		0.4	%	5,270		0.06
Amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions	60,404		4.2	%	77,002		5.3	%	77,002		0.88
Expenses related to business combinations	—		—	%	5,758		0.4	%	5,758		0.07
Adjustment for income tax effect	—		—	%	—		—	%	(48,222)		(0.55)
Total non-GAAP	$	1,334,223	91.1	%	$	539,698	36.8	%	$	423,991	$	4.85

1 Diluted weighted average shares were 87,335.

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We use non-GAAP financial measures (a) to evaluate our historical and prospective financial performance as well as our performance relative to our competitors, (b) to set internal sales targets and spending budgets, (c) to allocate resources, (d) to measure operational profitability and the accuracy of forecasting, (e) to assess financial discipline over operational expenditures and (f) as an important factor in determining variable compensation for management and employees. In addition, many financial analysts that follow us focus on and publish both historical results and future projections based on non-GAAP financial measures. We believe that it is in the best interest of our investors to provide this information to analysts so that they accurately report the non-GAAP financial information. Moreover, investors have historically requested, and we have historically reported, these non-GAAP financial measures as a means of providing consistent and comparable information with past reports of financial results.

While we believe that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful supplemental information to investors, there are limitations associated with the use of these non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP, are not reported by all our competitors and may not be directly comparable to similarly titled measures of our competitors due to potential differences in the exact method of calculation. We compensate for these limitations by using these non-GAAP financial measures as supplements to GAAP financial measures and by reviewing the reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures to their most comparable GAAP financial measures.

The adjustments to these non-GAAP financial measures, and the basis for such adjustments, are outlined below:

Amortization of intangible assets from acquisitions. We incur amortization of intangible assets, included in our GAAP presentation of amortization expense, related to various acquisitions we have made. We exclude these expenses for the purpose of calculating non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP gross profit margin, non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share when we evaluate our continuing operational performance because these costs are fixed at the time of an acquisition, are then amortized over a period of several years after the acquisition and generally cannot be changed or influenced by us after the acquisition. Accordingly, we do not consider these expenses for purposes of evaluating our performance during the applicable time period after the acquisition, and we exclude such expenses when making decisions to allocate resources. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they allow investors to (a) evaluate the effectiveness of the methodology and information used by us in our financial and operational decision-making, and (b) compare our past reports of financial results as we have historically reported these non-GAAP financial measures.

Stock-based compensation expense. We incur expense related to stock-based compensation included in our GAAP presentation of cost of maintenance and service; research and development expense; and selling, general and administrative expense. ~~This~~We ~~non-GAAP adjustment~~ also ~~includes~~incur excess payroll tax expense related to stock-based compensation, which is an additional non-GAAP adjustment. Although stock-based compensation is an expense and viewed as a form of compensation, we exclude these expenses for the purpose of calculating non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP gross profit margin, non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share when we evaluate our continuing operational performance. Specifically, we exclude stock-based compensation during our annual budgeting process and our quarterly and annual assessments of our performance. The annual budgeting process is the primary mechanism whereby we allocate resources to various initiatives and operational requirements. Additionally, the annual review by our Board of Directors during which it compares our historical business model and profitability to the planned business model and profitability for the forthcoming year excludes the impact of stock-based compensation. In evaluating the performance of our senior management and department managers, charges related to stock-based compensation are excluded from expenditure and profitability results. In fact, we record stock-based compensation expense into a stand-alone cost center for which no single operational manager is responsible or accountable. In this way, we can review, on a period-to-period basis, each manager’s performance and assess financial discipline over operational expenditures without the effect of stock-based compensation. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they allow investors to (a) evaluate our operating results and the effectiveness of the methodology used by us to review our operating results, and (b) review historical comparability in our financial reporting as well as comparability with competitors’ operating results.

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Expenses related to business combinations. We incur expenses for professional services rendered in connection with ~~business~~acquisitions ~~combinations~~and divestitures, which are included in our GAAP presentation of selling, general and administrative expense. We also incur other expenses directly related to business combinations, including compensation expenses and concurrent restructuring activities, such as employee severances and other exit costs. These costs are included in our GAAP presentation of cost of maintenance and service, selling, general and administrative and research and development expenses. We exclude these acquisition-related expenses for the purpose of calculating non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP gross profit margin, non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share when we evaluate our continuing operational performance, as we generally would not have otherwise incurred these expenses in the periods presented as a part of our operations. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they allow investors to (a) evaluate our operating results and the effectiveness of the methodology used by us to review our operating results, and (b) review historical comparability in our financial reporting as well as comparability with competitors’ operating results.

Non-GAAP tax provision. We utilize a normalized non-GAAP annual effective tax rate (AETR) to calculate non-GAAP measures. This methodology provides better consistency across interim reporting periods by eliminating the effects of non-recurring items and aligning the non-GAAP tax rate with our expected geographic earnings mix. To project this rate, we analyzed our historic and projected non-GAAP earnings mix by geography along with other factors such as our current tax structure, recurring tax credits and incentives, and expected tax positions. On an annual basis we re-evaluate and update this rate for significant items that may materially affect our projections.

Non-GAAP financial measures are not in accordance with, or an alternative for, GAAP. Our non-GAAP financial measures are not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable GAAP financial measures and should be read only in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP.

We have provided a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures as listed below:


GAAP Reporting Measure			Non-GAAP Reporting Measure
Gross Profit			Non-GAAP Gross Profit
Gross Profit Margin			Non-GAAP Gross Profit Margin
Operating Income			Non-GAAP Operating Income
Operating Profit Margin			Non-GAAP Operating Profit Margin
Net Income			Non-GAAP Net Income
Diluted Earnings Per Share			Non-GAAP Diluted Earnings Per Share

Constant currency. In addition to the non-GAAP financial measures detailed above, we use constant currency results for financial and operational decision-making and as a means to evaluate period-to-period comparisons by excluding the effects of foreign currency fluctuations on the reported results. To present this information, the ~~2024~~2025 period results for entities whose functional currency is a currency other than the U.S. Dollar were converted to U.S. Dollars at rates that were in effect for the ~~2023~~2024 comparable period, rather than the actual exchange rates in effect for the ~~2024~~2025 period. Constant currency growth rates are calculated by adjusting the ~~2024~~2025 period reported amounts by the ~~2024~~2025 currency fluctuation impacts and comparing the adjusted amounts to the ~~2023~~2024 comparable period reported amounts. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they allow investors to (a) evaluate the effectiveness of the methodology and information used by us in our financial and operational decision-making, and (b) compare our reported results to our past reports of financial results without the effects of foreign currency fluctuations.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

					Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025		December 31,~~2023~~2024		Amount		%
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	1,~~295~~828,~~269~~559	$	~~860~~1,~~390~~497,517	$	~~434~~331,~~879~~042	5022.51
Working capital	$	12,~~593~~069,~~588~~729	$	1,~~160~~890,~~273~~309	$	~~433~~179,~~315~~420	379.35

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments such as money market funds and deposits held at major banks. Short-term investments consist of available-for-sale debt securities with remaining maturities greater than three months at the date of purchase and time deposits. The following table presents our foreign and domestic holdings of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 and December 31, ~~2023~~2024:

(in thousands, except percentages)

~~September~~March 3031,~~2024~~2025

% of Total

December 31,~~2023~~2024

% of Total

Domestic

~~833~~1,~~740~~473,560

6480.46

~~529~~1,~~092~~052,003

6170.52

Foreign

~~461~~354,~~529~~999

3519.64

~~331~~445,~~298~~514

3829.58

Total

1,~~295~~828,~~269~~559

~~860~~1,~~390~~497,517

In general, it is our intention to permanently reinvest all earnings in excess of previously taxed amounts. Substantially all of the pre-2018 earnings of our non-U.S. subsidiaries were taxed through the transition tax and post-2018 current earnings are taxed as part of global intangible low-taxed income tax expense. These taxes increase our previously taxed earnings and allow for the repatriation of the majority of our foreign earnings without any residual U.S. federal tax. Unrecognized provisions for taxes on indefinitely reinvested undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries would not be significant.

The amount of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments held by foreign subsidiaries is subject to translation adjustments caused by changes in foreign currency exchange rates as of the end of each respective reporting period, the offset to which is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Change

Three Months Ended March 31,

Change

(in thousands, except percentages)

~~2024~~2025

~~2023~~2024

Amount

Net cash provided by operating activities

~~537~~398,~~767~~935

~~484~~282,~~400~~817

53116,~~367~~118

1141.01

Net cash provided by operating activities increased during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 compared to the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023~~2024. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was a result of increased customer receipts ~~driven primarily by ACV growth~~ and ~~increased~~decreased ~~interest~~ income tax payments, partially offset by increased payments related to higher operating expenses ~~and increased income tax payments~~, as compared to the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023~~2024.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Change

Three Months Ended March 31,

Change

(in thousands, except percentages)

~~2024~~2025

~~2023~~2024

Amount

Net cash used in investing activities

(8630,~~030~~687)

(~~220~~34,~~166~~436)

~~134~~3,~~136~~749

6010.9

Net cash used in investing activities decreased by $~~134~~3.17 million during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 compared to the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023~~2024 due to ~~decreased~~the ~~acquisition-related~~purchase ~~net~~of ~~cash~~an ~~outlays~~intangible asset in the first quarter of 2024 of $~~196~~4.0 million and increased maturities of short-term investments of $2.0 million, partially offset by increased purchases of short-term investments of $481.63 million and capital expenditures of $150.79 million. We currently plan capital spending of $4045.0 million to $5055.0 million during fiscal year ~~2024~~2025 as compared to the $2544.30 million that was spent in fiscal year ~~2023~~2024. The level of spending will depend on various factors, including the growth of the business and general economic conditions.

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Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Change

Three Months Ended March 31,

Change

(in thousands, except percentages)

~~2024~~2025

~~2023~~2024

Amount

Net cash used in financing activities

(7668,~~470~~049)

(~~232~~54,~~600~~643)

~~156~~(13,~~130~~406)

67(24.15)

Net cash used in financing activities ~~decreased~~increased during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 compared to the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023~~2024 due to decreased proceeds from shares issued for stock-based ~~repurchases~~compensation of $~~196~~10.54 million, ~~partially~~and ~~offset by~~ increased restricted stock withholding taxes paid in lieu of issuing shares of $233.20 million ~~and decreased proceeds from shares issued for stock-based compensation of $15~~.~~6 million.~~

Other Cash Flow Information

On June 30, 2022, we entered into a credit agreement (as amended, the 2022 Credit Agreement) with PNC Bank, National Association as administrative agent, swing line lender, and an L/C issuer, the lenders party thereto, and the other L/C issuers party thereto. The 2022 Credit Agreement refinanced our previous credit agreements in their entirety. The 2022 Credit Agreement provides for a $755.0 million unsecured term loan facility and a $500.0 million unsecured revolving loan facility. Terms used in this description of the 2022 Credit Agreement with initial capital letters that are not otherwise defined herein are as defined in the 2022 Credit Agreement.

As of ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025, the carrying value of our term loan was $754.13 million, with no principal payments due in the next twelve months. Borrowings under the term loan and revolving loan facilities accrue interest at a rate that is based on the Term SOFR plus an applicable margin or at the base rate plus an applicable margin, at our election. The base rate is the highest of (i) the Overnight Bank Funding Rate, plus 0.500%, (ii) the PNC Bank, National Association prime rate, and (iii) Daily Simple SOFR plus an adjustment for SOFR plus 1.00%. The applicable margin for the borrowings is a percentage per annum based on the lower of (1) a pricing level determined by our then-current consolidated net leverage ratio and (2) a pricing level determined by our public debt rating (if available).

The rate in effect ~~for~~at ~~the~~March 31, ~~fourth~~2025 ~~quarter of 2024~~ under the 2022 Credit Agreement is 5.5325%.

We previously entered into operating lease commitments, primarily for our domestic and international offices. The commitments related to these operating leases is $~~124~~116.58 million, of which $2827.28 million is due in the next twelve months.

We continue to generate positive cash flows from operating activities and believe that the best uses of our excess cash are to invest in the business; acquire or make investments in complementary companies, products, services and technologies; and make payments on our outstanding debt balances. Any future acquisitions may be funded by available cash and investments, cash generated from operations, debt financing or the issuance of additional securities.

We believe that existing cash and cash equivalent balances, together with cash generated from operations and access to our $500.0 million revolving loan facility, will be sufficient to meet our working capital, capital expenditure requirements and contractual obligations through at least the next twelve months and the foreseeable future thereafter. Our cash requirements in the future may also be financed through additional equity or debt financings. However, future disruptions in the capital markets, including as a result of global macroeconomic conditions, could make financing more challenging, and there can be no assurance that such financing can be obtained on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.

Contractual and Other Obligations

OnThere ~~December~~were 5,no ~~2023,~~material wechanges ~~entered into an agreement~~ to ~~make~~our asignificant ~~strategic~~contractual ~~equity~~and ~~investment~~other inobligations ~~Humanetics~~during in the ~~amount~~three ofmonths ~~$300.0~~ended ~~million~~March 31, ~~subject~~2025 toas ~~receipt~~compared ofto ~~regulatory~~those ~~approvals~~previously ~~among~~reported ~~other~~within ~~customary~~"Management's ~~closing~~Discussion ~~conditions.~~and AsAnalysis ~~a result~~ of ~~our~~Financial ~~interactions~~Condition ~~with~~and ~~regulators,~~Results ~~the~~of ~~parties~~Operations" ~~mutually agreed to terminate the investment agreement~~ in ~~July~~our 2024 Form 10-K.

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There were no other material changes to our significant contractual and other obligations during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to those previously reported within "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our 2023 Form 10-K.

Critical Accounting Estimates

No significant changes have occurred to our critical accounting estimates as previously reported within "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in our ~~2023~~2024 Form 10-K.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Foreign Currency Exchange Risk. As we operate in international regions, a portion of our revenue, expenses, cash, accounts receivable and payment obligations are denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, changes in currency exchange rates will affect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. We seek to reduce our currency exchange transaction risks primarily through our normal operating and treasury activities, including the use of derivative instruments.

With respect to revenue, on average for the three months ended March 31, 2025, the U.S. Dollar was 3.5% stronger, when measured against our foreign currencies, than for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The table below presents the net impacts of currency fluctuations on revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Amounts in parenthesis indicate a net adverse impact from currency fluctuations.

(in thousands)	~~Three Months Ended September 30, 2024~~		~~Nine~~Three Months Ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025
Japanese Yen	$	(1,153)	$	(12,111)
Euro			$	(2,847)
South Korean Won	~~(635)~~		(2,~~904~~431)
Taiwan Dollar	(228)		(1,069)
Japanese Yen			(881)
British Pound	658		1,312
Other			(1,520)
Euro	1,719		1,823
Total			$	(7,679)
Other	(228)		(627)
Total	$	133	$	(13,576)

The impacts from currency fluctuations resulted in decreased operating income of $02.48 million ~~and $10.5 million~~ for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024,~~2025 ~~respectively,~~ as compared to the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2023, respectively~~2024.

A hypothetical 10% strengthening in the U.S. Dollar against other currencies would have decreased our revenue by $2322.82 million and ~~$66.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and~~ decreased our operating income by $105.7 million ~~and $24.9 million~~ for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024, respectively~~2025.

The most meaningful currency impacts on revenue and operating income are typically attributable to U.S. Dollar exchange rate changes against the Euro and Japanese Yen. Historical exchange rates for these currency pairs are reflected in the charts below:

	Period-End Exchange Rates
As of	EUR/USD	USD/JPY
September 30, 2024	1.11	144
March 31, 2025	1.08	150
December 31, 2023	1.10	141
December 31, 2024	1.04	157
September 30, 2023	1.06	149
March 31, 2024	1.08	151

	Average Exchange Rates
Three Months Ended	EUR/USD	USD/JPY
September 30, 2024	1.10	149
March 31, 2025	1.05	152
September 30, 2023	1.09	145
March 31, 2024	1.09	148

	Average Exchange Rates
Nine Months Ended	EUR/USD	USD/JPY
September 30, 2024	1.09	151
September 30, 2023	1.08	138

Interest Rate Risk. Changes in the overall level of interest rates affect the interest income that is generated from our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments and the interest expense that is incurred from our outstanding borrowings. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, interest income was $16.7 million and interest expense was $10.2 million.

~~Interest~~Cash ~~Rate~~and ~~Risk.~~cash ~~Changes~~equivalents inconsist ~~the~~primarily ~~overall level~~ of ~~interest~~highly ~~rates~~liquid ~~affect~~investments ~~the~~such ~~interest~~as ~~income~~money ~~that~~market isfunds ~~generated~~and ~~from~~deposits ~~our~~held ~~cash,~~at ~~cash~~major ~~equivalents~~banks. ~~and short~~Short-term investments ~~and~~consist ~~the~~of ~~interest~~available-for-sale ~~expense~~debt ~~that~~securities iswith ~~incurred~~remaining ~~from~~maturities ~~our~~greater ~~outstanding~~than ~~borrowings.~~three ~~For~~months at the ~~three~~date ~~and~~of ~~nine~~purchase ~~months~~and ~~ended~~time ~~September 30,~~deposits. ~~2024,~~A ~~interest~~hypothetical ~~income~~100 ~~was~~basis ~~$13.3~~point ~~million~~change ~~and~~in ~~$36.5~~interest ~~million,~~rates ~~respectively,~~on ~~and~~these ~~interest~~holdings ~~expense~~could ~~was~~have an $1218.3 million ~~and~~impact ~~$36.9~~on ~~million,~~our ~~respectively~~financial results.

43Our outstanding term loan borrowings of $755.0 million as of March 31, 2025 accrue interest at a rate that is based on the Term SOFR plus an applicable margin or at the base rate plus an applicable margin, at our election. The base rate is the highest of (i) the Overnight Bank Funding Rate, plus 0.500%, (ii) the PNC Bank, National Association prime rate, and (iii) Daily Simple SOFR plus an adjustment for SOFR plus 1.00%. The applicable margin for the borrowings is a percentage per annum based on the lower of (1) a pricing level determined by our then-current consolidated net leverage ratio and (2) a pricing level determined by our public debt rating (if available).

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Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments such as money market funds and deposits held at major banks. Short-term investments consist of available-for-sale debt securities with remaining maturities greater than three months at the date of purchase and time deposits. A hypothetical 100 basis point change in interest rates on these holdings could have a $13.0 million impact on our financial results.

Our outstanding term loan borrowings of $755.0 million as of September 30, 2024 accrue interest at a rate that is based on the Term SOFR plus an applicable margin or at the base rate plus an applicable margin, at our election. The base rate is the highest of (i) the Overnight Bank Funding Rate, plus 0.500%, (ii) the PNC Bank, National Association prime rate, and (iii) Daily Simple SOFR plus an adjustment for SOFR plus 1.00%. The applicable margin for the borrowings is a percentage per annum based on the lower of (1) a pricing level determined by our then-current consolidated net leverage ratio and (2) a pricing level determined by our public debt rating (if available).

Because interest rates applicable to the outstanding borrowings are variable, we are exposed to interest rate risk from changes in the underlying index rates, which affects our interest expense. A hypothetical increase of 100 basis points in interest rates would result in an increase in interest expense and a corresponding decrease in cash flows of $7.7 million over the next twelve months, based on outstanding borrowings at ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025.

No other material change has occurred in our market risk subsequent to December 31, ~~2023~~2024.

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Item 4.Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Exchange Act, we have evaluated, with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act.

We believe, based on our knowledge, that the financial statements and other financial information included in this report fairly present, in all material respects, our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as of and for the periods presented in this report. We are committed to both a sound internal control environment and to good corporate governance.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.

From time to time, we review the disclosure controls and procedures, and may periodically make changes to enhance their effectiveness and to ensure that our systems evolve with our business.

Changes in Internal Control. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025 that materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.Legal Proceedings

We are subject to various claims, investigations and legal and regulatory proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, including, but not limited to, commercial disputes, labor and employment matters, tax audits, alleged infringement of third parties' intellectual property rights and other matters. Use or distribution of our products could generate product liability, regulatory infraction, or claims by our customers, end users, channel partners, government entities or third parties. Sales and marketing activities that impact processing of personal data, as well as measures taken to promote license compliance against pirated or unauthorized usage of our commercial products, may also result in claims by customers and individual employees of customers or by non-customers using pirated versions of our products. Each of these matters is subject to various uncertainties, and it is possible that an unfavorable resolution of one or more of these matters could have a significant adverse effect on our condensed consolidated financial statements as well as cause reputational damage. In our opinion, the resolution of pending matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

We face a number of risks that could materially and adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. A discussion of our risk factors can be found in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in our ~~2023~~2024 Form 10-K. No material changes have occurred to such risk factors after the filing of our ~~2023~~2024 Form 10-K.

Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.Other Information

Trading Arrangements

None of the directors or "officers" of ANSYS, Inc. (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) adopted, modified, or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K, during the fiscal quarter ended ~~September~~March 3031, ~~2024~~2025.

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Item 6.Exhibits


Exhibit No.						Exhibit

31.1						Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2						Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1						Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2						Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS						Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

101.SCH						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

101.CAL						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

101.DEF						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

101.LAB						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

101.PRE						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

		ANSYS, Inc.
Date:	~~November~~April 630, ~~2024~~2025	By:	/s/ Ajei S. Gopal
			Ajei S. Gopal
			President and Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)
Date:	~~November~~April 630, ~~2024~~2025	By:	/s/ Rachel Pyles
			Rachel Pyles
			Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President of Finance
			(Principal Financial Officer)

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