UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022,

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ________ to ________

Commission file number: 1-14120

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware		52-1611421
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

One Jake Brown Road, Old Bridge, New Jersey		08857
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (732) 679-4000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class		Trading Symbols(s)		Name of Exchange on which registered
NONE		NONE		NONE

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “accelerated filer,” “large accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2022: $1,440,913

Number of shares of common stock, par value $.001, outstanding as of April 14, 2023: 13,368,538

Documents incorporated by reference: Portions of the registrant's Proxy Statement for the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated herein by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent stated herein. Such proxy statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the registrant's fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page No.
PART I

Item 1.	Business	1
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	13
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	24
Item 2.	Properties	25
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	25
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	25

PART II

Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	26
Item 6.	Reserved	27
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	27
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	37
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	37
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	37
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	38
Item 9B.	Other Information	38
Item 9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections	38

PART III

Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	39
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	39
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	39
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	39
Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	39

PART IV

Item 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statements Schedules	40
Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	47

SIGNATURES

Forward-Looking Statements

In addition to historical information, this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., a Delaware Corporation (“Blonder Tongue” or the “Company”), contains forward-looking statements regarding future events relating to such matters as anticipated financial performance, business prospects, technological developments, new products, research and development activities and similar matters. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 provide safe harbors for forward-looking statements. In order to comply with the terms of these safe harbors, the Company notes that a variety of factors could cause the Company’s actual results and experience to differ materially and adversely from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the Company’s forward-looking statements. The risks and uncertainties that may affect the operation, performance, development and results of the Company’s business include, but are not limited to, those matters discussed herein in the sections entitled Item 1 - Business, Item 1A - Risk Factors, Item 3 - Legal Proceedings and Item 7 - Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. The words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” “target,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “estimate,” “endeavor,” “should,” “could,” “may” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements that refer to projections of our future financial performance, our anticipated trends in our business and other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s analysis only as of the date hereof. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly revise these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that arise after the date hereof, except as may be required under applicable law. Readers should carefully review the risk factors described herein and in other documents the Company files from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Introduction

Blonder Tongue, with its subsidiary R. L. Drake Holdings, LLC (“Drake”), is a technology research and development (“R&D”) company with U.S.-based manufacturing, that delivers a wide range of products and services to major telecommunications, cable and fiber optic service delivery operators, as well as broadcasters and media production companies. For over 70 years, Blonder Tongue Labs and Drake Digital products have provided the latest technology for telecom company Central Offices (COs), cable operator headends, broadcaster studios (together “Telecom”), as well as to lodging/hospitality, multi-dwelling units/apartments (“MDU”) and a range of business to business (“B-B”) customers at a wide range of locations including university campuses, healthcare/hospitals, fitness centers, government facilities, military bases, prisons, airports, sports stadiums/arenas, entertainment venues/casinos, retail stores, and other small-medium businesses. These applications are also variously described as small and medium sized businesses in commercial, institutional, or enterprise environments, and will be referred to herein collectively as “SMB”. The customers we serve also include business entities distributing and installing private data delivery, broadband and video networks in these environments, including the world’s largest cable television operators, telecommunications providers and satellite providers, as well as integrators, architects, engineers of the next generation of Internet Protocol Television (“IPTV”) streaming video service providers.

The Company continues to be focused on the needs of an expanding group of customers, providing high quality, ultra-high reliability technology products to meet their needs and supporting those products following deployment. For over 70 years Blonder Tongue has provided innovative solutions based on continually advancing technology. Since its founding, Blonder Tongue has continued to keep abreast of evolving technologies, from analog to digital television, Hybrid-Fiber Coax (“HFC”) networks with Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (“QAM”) edge devices, High Definition (“HD”) and Ultra HD (“4K”) and (“UHD”) video encoding and transcoding, IPTV processing and distribution, and most recently with the introduction of multiscreen Adaptive Bit Rate (“ABR”) technologies and high-speed data delivery and reception technologies.

The cable and telecommunications markets have reacted quickly to consumer demands for additional services by integrating multiple technologies into existing networks, providing consumers with high-speed internet access in addition to enhanced video offerings. Today, video offerings have expanded from traditional broadcast linear delivery to the living room TV to live streaming to any device in your home or on the go. Traditional TV content is now available in any format to be viewed on tablets, mobile phones, computers or gaming consoles. SMB and IPTV service providers are migrating their video-on-demand (“VOD”) architecture to IPTV, and a multiscreen ecosystem. Service operators and SMB businesses are upgrading their networks to have the capability to deliver 4K video resolution content to TVs and adding the capability of IPTV streaming to additional, normally small screens, thereby expanding viewer access to HD content on any IP-connected devices. The infrastructure requirements to enable IP streaming with a wide variety of resolutions and ABR bit rates provides the Company with an opportunity to market and sell its expanded IP streaming encoders and digital product lines.

Both the IPTV and SMB markets are forecast to grow over the next few years. The IPTV market was valued at $59.7 billion in 2021 and is expected to reach $146.2 billion by 2031; a CAGR of 9.5% from 2022 to 2031. The SMB market segments that the Company serves have been focused on the migration from HFC to IPTV networks. The Company has expanded its video product line portfolio to address the growth of IP streaming. The Company has collaborated with large telecommunications operators and with leading cable television (“CATV”) Multiple System Operators (“MSOs”) to produce new cost-effective video encoder and transcoder products for IP support of both traditional broadcast and Public, Education and Government (“PEG”) video content. The company has also been involved recently in initiatives for regional content acquisition for backhaul, ingest and redistribution from centralized facilities using modern IP, IPTV and CDN video distribution architectures, these technologies taken together are referred to as Over The Top or “OTT”. In 2018, the Company introduced the NeXgen Gateway (“NXG”) digital video signal processing platform to specifically address the service provider challenges of migrating from traditional CATV HFC based topologies and technologies to Internet Protocol (“IP”) and IPTV based topologies and technologies. As the industry has begun to adopt UHD, 4K, and High Efficiency Video Coding (“HEVC”) encoding, the Company has begun to produce products to support these emerging requirements. IPTV growth worldwide is projected to result in 398 million subscribers by 2026. NXG sales were $2,709,000 in 2022 and $1,924,000 in 2021, respectively.

In January 2020, the Company began implementing a strategic plan to improve operating results and increase shareholder value. This plan consists of:

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Rationalizing operating expenses to anticipated revenue and income levels

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Focusing R&D on short-term high-confidence opportunities with compelling ROI

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Expanding sales and marketing efforts directly to service operators

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Streamlining manufacturing operations and simplifying product offerings, and

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Increasing gross margins.

In April 2023, the Company has further decided to revise its strategic plan in order to achieve profitability, which may include but is not limited to:

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Scaling down certain less profitable operations; and

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Reduction in work force.

The Company has entered into and/or renewed several agreements through which it has acquired rights to use and incorporate certain proprietary technologies in its digital encoder, transcoder and NXG lines of products, including:

Widevine / Google LLC, DRM License Agreement for content partners and OEMs (Google LLC).

Verimatrix ViewRight IPTV and ViewRight IPTV Professional License to Distribute, License to Integrate and Client Integration Agreement.

Implementation and System License Agreement with Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation (“Dolby Labs”) for Dolby Digital Plus Professional Encoder, 5.1 and 2 channel licensed technology.

License Agreement with LG Electronics as a Pro:Idiom content Protection System Manufacturer.

Ownership from the Motion Picture Experts Group of an MPEG-2 4:2:2 Profile High Level Video Encoder IP core.

The Widevine / Google LLC License Agreement grants the Company the right to manufacture, label and sell professional Digital Rights Management (“DRM”) enabled products that include certain Widevine DRM technologies.

The Verimatrix ViewRight IPTV, ViewRight IPTV Professional License to Distribute, License to Integrate and Client Integration Agreement grants the Company the right to integrate the Company’s products with Verimatrix ViewRight IPTV and ViewRight IPTV Professional DRM technologies and to sell and distribute the resulting integrated products to Service Operator customers that hold Verimatrix licenses to deploy the associated DRM technologies.

The Dolby® Labs License Agreement grants the Company the right to manufacture, label and sell professional digital encoder products and consumer digital decoder products and to use the Dolby trademarks. This technology has a number of improvements aimed at increasing quality at a given bit rate compared with legacy Dolby Digital (AC-3). Most notably, it offers increased bit rates, support for more audio channels, improved coding techniques to reduce compression artifacts, and backward compatibility with existing AC-3 hardware.

The LG Electronics license agreement provides the Company with certain technology necessary for the provision of Pro:Idiom encryption and decryption devices for the hospitality industry. Almost all of the high value content owners require that service providers protect the content by employing this technology. Consequently, content can be transferred through and among these devices only if incorporating this technology.

The Pro:Idiom digital technology platform provides the hospitality market with a robust, secure DRM system, ensuring rapid, broad deployment of HD television (“HDTV”) and other high-value digital content to licensed users in the lodging industry. Lodging industry leaders such as World Cinema Inc. have licensed the Pro:Idiom DRM system. A growing number of content providers have demonstrated their acceptance of Pro:Idiom by licensing their HD content for delivery by Pro:Idiom licensees.

The MPEG-2 Encoder IP core has a unique compression engine capable of creating HD MPEG-2 real-time encoding of a single channel of 1080i/720p/480i video. The use of this real-time encoding technique enables the Company to provide broadcast MPEG-2 HD and SD encoding. MPEG-2 is widely used as the format of digital television signals that are broadcast by terrestrial (over-the-air), cable, and direct broadcast satellite TV systems.

The H.264/AVC is a video compression standard that enables a compelling solution for growing IP video services. The H.264 HD Encoder core has the capability to cut the bandwidth requirement for digital video delivery in half when compared against MPEG-2 encoders. This essentially facilitates the transmission of twice the number of programs in a given bandwidth. The use of this H.264 encoding technology enables the Company to provide high quality video at higher resolutions like 720p, 1080i and 1080p. H.264 is a widely used format for transmitting high quality digital television signals over IP and Wi-Fi networks. The Company started shipping the H.264 capable encoders in 2012.

The H.265/HEVC technology is a video compression standard that enables IP and IPTV video services to be better prepared for transmission and streaming over even narrower and less robust networks as compared to both MPEG-2 and H.264 technologies. HEVC is and is expected to be primarily used by current and future internet based and private IP based over-the-top video streaming services and in the near future for satellite and terrestrial transmissions. The Company began to ship HEVC capable encoders and transcoders in 2020.

Secure Reliable Transport (“SRT”) technology is a video and IP network oriented forward error correction (“FEC”), security and reliability application level protocol designed to allow for high confidence transmission of compressed video and audio content over the open internet or over privately owned IP networks. SRT has been standardized by the SRT Alliance, consisting of a group of international participating companies. The Company completed its implementation of SRT and began shipping SRT capable products supporting video encoder, transcoder and IP network interfaces in 2021.

The Advanced Encryption Standard (“AES”) technology is a US National Institute of Standards and Technology (“NIST”) standard for the protection of electronic data, including data based content such as digitized audio and video transmissions. Blonder Tongue Laboratories has broadened the use of and implementations of AES technology across a wide range of product lines and use cases over the course of 2020 and 2021.

MPEG-DASH and HLS are the two primary Adaptive Bit-Rate (“ABR”) technologies used in internet, IPTV and Wi-Fi based video delivery in the world today, enabling multi-screen delivery and optimization of video quality to the available bandwidth of an internet connection to television, phone, tablet or other viewing locations. The Company completed initial ABR technology and product implementations in 2021.

In 2019, the Company initiated a consumer premise equipment (“CPE”) sales initiative. The products were primarily comprised of Android-based IPTV set top boxes targeted to the Tier 2 and Tier 3 telecommunications and fiber optics based service providers. Total CPE product sales, including product accessories and replacement parts, were $29,000 in 2022 and $1,120,000 in 2021.

The Company’s manufacturing is located primarily in its facility in Old Bridge, New Jersey (the “Old Bridge Facility”) with a small portion of overall product production supported by key contract manufacturers located in Ohio, Taiwan, South Korea and the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). The Company currently manufactures the large majority of its digital products, including the latest NXG, Clearview, Aircaster and Drake series product lines, as well as other digital signal processing product models at its Old Bridge, New Jersey Facility. Since 2007 the Company has been manufacturing certain high- volume, labor intensive products, including certain of the Company’s analog products, in the PRC, pursuant to a manufacturing agreement that governs the production of products that may from time to time be the subject of purchase orders submitted by (and in the discretion of) the Company. The Company does not currently anticipate the transfer of any additional products to the PRC for manufacture. Since 2019 the Company also has been manufacturing certain high-volume, labor intensive products in Taiwan and South Korea. This product mix represents a small percentage of the Company’s revenue but allows the Company to benefit from relatively favorable tariff policies. Since 2021, the Company has begun outsourcing a small percentage of product-specific manufacturing to a contract manufacturer in Ohio. Manufacturing products at the Company’s Old Bridge Facility and in Ohio, the PRC, Taiwan and South Korea enables the Company to realize cost reductions and, with regard to Ohio, Taiwan and South Korea, favorable tariff treatment while maintaining a competitive position and time-to-market advantages.

The Company was incorporated in November, 1988, under the laws of Delaware as GPS Acquisition Corp. for the purpose of acquiring the business of Blonder-Tongue Laboratories, Inc., a New Jersey corporation, which was founded in 1950 by Ben H. Tongue and Isaac S. Blonder to design, manufacture and supply a line of electronics and systems equipment principally for the private cable industry. Following the acquisition, the Company changed its name to Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. The Company completed the initial public offering of its shares of common stock in December, 1995. The address of the Company’s principal executive offices is One Jake Brown Road, Old Bridge, New Jersey 08857, and its telephone number at that location is (732) 679-4000.

Strategy

Telecom

The primary end locations of the Company’s products have evolved to focus on Telco COs, cable operator headends, and local content ingest locations for Telco, cable and fiber optic based service operators. We provide a wide range of products to meet the special needs of these applications, and we serve many types of customers, from large Telco and cable companies to distribution channels, integrators and private contractors. We sell to companies installing or distributing video and data delivery products including:

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Telephone and fiber optics telecommunications operators (both large and small) that design, package, install and in most cases operate, upgrade and maintain the systems they build; cable system operators (both large and small) that design, package, install and in most instances operate, upgrade and maintain the systems they build;

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Television broadcasters and video production facilities that create signals for redistribution and require digital encoding, transcoding, transmission and encryption/security technology;

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Telephone, fiber optics, and cable-based telecommunications operators who deploy their services in the Lodging, Hospitality and Assisted Living Markets; and

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SMB system operators that operate, upgrade, and maintain the systems that are in their facilities, or contractors that install, upgrade and maintain these systems in a wide variety of applications.

The key to proactively responding to the evolving needs of the foregoing Telecom environment is to build a suite of product solutions that are optimized for the operator’s existing infrastructure, as well as future strategy. Operators look for the following features when selecting technology:

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Versatility for Now, providing multiple source inputs and different output formats, including simultaneous IPTV, QAM, and NTSC analog television capability. OTT technology support, off-air local program ingest, locally generated content, and national broadcasts can all be viewed on televisions via coax, as well as on desktops, phones and tablets, and other connected devices via an IP network. This allows operators to expand the reach of their video without having to run additional wiring throughout a facility and optimize the use of existing infrastructures.

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Flexibility for the Future, recognizing that even if an operator is not utilizing IPTV, QAM and NTSC analog outputs today, these features may be needed tomorrow. Operators seek to choose scalable technology that can keep up with advances in system architecture and allow them to best leverage existing data and Wi-Fi infrastructure, without overburdening it. This includes considerations for TV Everywhere (bring your own content/device) as well as Ultra-HD and 4K resolution television.

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Affordability, identifying high-quality, cost-effective, innovative solutions with a strong performance-to-cost ratio, is the key to ensure that the service provider can offer a competitively priced package to their residential, business and enterprise customers by focusing on the features required and its management, including remote setup, monitoring and diagnostics through an IP interface and potentially providing a hot spare, hot swap or automatic failover capability.

The functions and features of the Blonder Tongue NXG, Clearview, Aircaster and Drake series product lines are specifically targeted to deliver comprehensive and cost-effective solutions to all the market needs described in the forgoing paragraphs.

A key component of the Company’s growth strategy is to leverage its reputation across a comprehensive product line, offering one-stop-shop convenience to the telco, cable, fiber optic, broadcast and professional markets and deliver products having a high performance-to-cost ratio. The Company has historically enjoyed, and continues to enjoy, a leading position in specific portions of the Telecom market segments that it serves.

SMB

The ongoing evolution of the Company’s product lines for the SMB marketplace and for service operators and integrators serving the SMB marketplace focus on the increased needs created in digital technology by digital video, IPTV, HDTV and 4K signals, and the transport of these signals over state-of-the-art broadband, ethernet, Wi-Fi and fiber optic networks. The Company has begun to renew R&D and new product efforts in this market segment recently as the SMB markets have begun recovery.

CPE

In 2019, the Company initiated a consumer premise equipment (“CPE”) sales initiative, comprised primarily of Android-based IPTV set top boxes to the Tier 2 and Tier 3 cable and telecommunications service providers. This strategic initiative was designed to secure direct relationships with a wide range of service providers, and increase sales of the Company’s Telecom and SMB products by the BT Premier Distributors to those same service providers, during. In 2021, the Company determined to de-emphasize CPE products and strategy due to the initiative’s low gross margin. Total CPE product sales, including product accessories and replacement parts, were $29,000 in 2022 and $1,120,000 in 2021 and accounted for approximately 0% and 7% of the Company’s 2022 and 2021 revenues, respectively. CPE related contribution to net income has not had a material impact on the Company’s performance.

Markets Overview

For the last 40 years, the television industry has been dominated by traditional cable operators, who subsequently expanded into high-speed internet, telephony, and wireless services and are currently estimated to have 46.5 million video subscribers in the U.S. market. The penetration of wireless and direct-broadcast satellite (“DBS”) (such as DIRECTV^® and DISH Network^®) in the video market, while reduced, still has a combined subscriber count of approximately 17.5 million. Telephone companies (i.e. Verizon) also compete with cable operators for services on a national level, delivering video, high-speed internet and telephony services direct to the home or to the curb with an estimate of over 6.5 million video subscribers.

With IPTV technology comes additional market pressures and opportunities. First, there is the matter of alternative TV services riding OTT on existing high-speed data infrastructures, where the delivered video is not part of the service provider’s own video content or service. Examples include Web-delivered video such as Netflix, Hulu, Prime Video and Apple TV. Cable, satellite and telco service providers have been innovating to provide additional service offerings to compete with lower cost OTT television providers (subscribers exceeding 300 million globally). In addition, content providers such as Disney, NBC, HBO, SHOWTIME and CBS have deployed their own streaming services, without requiring a cable TV subscription. Streaming service subscribers are now larger in count than cable, DBS and telco TV subscribers. With the advent of “TV Everywhere”, where video is displayed not only on the traditional television, but also on personal computers and mobile devices, service providers are trying to tackle not only technological challenges associated with these offerings, but also content management and customer authentication. The idea that the consumer is at the center, and not the hardware or the network, is revolutionizing how video (and media) content is delivered.

The long-term implications of these developments are increased competition for the provision of services and a trend toward delivery of these services using IP technologies over the open internet, and IPTV technologies over private networks. This continuing major market transition has resulted in changing consumer expectations, placing the residential video delivery networks, business-to-business, lodging and institutional markets under pressure to install new infrastructure and upgrade existing networks. Each sub-market mentioned above has different network upgrade cycles, but to remain competitive the Company has been and must continue to increase its product offerings for digital television, IP and IPTV technologies, encoding, decoding and transcoding, and support of a wider range of digital media delivery applications.

Cable Television

Most cable operators, large and small, have built networks with various combinations of fiber optic and coax cable to deliver television, internet and telephone services on one drop cable. Cable television deployment of fiber optic trunk has been completed in all deployed cable systems. The HFC network architecture is employed to provide digital video, OTT, HDTV, IPTV, high speed internet, and digital telephone service. With the adoption of new technology developed by a newly combined SCTE and CableLabs® standards organization, the cable industry is using “edge” devices, node splitting and digital video switching to increase both services and subscriber capacity from each existing node as well as lowering the cost to create new nodes in their deployment architectures, to accommodate IPTV offerings in both residential and B-B market deployments. Further, the Company has recently announced a series of products and product derivatives tailored to aid a subset of cable service providers, running specific security technologies on their networks, to expand their IP television deployments to service their business customers as well as residential customers. All of these networks are potential users of our product offerings.

Assisted Living/MDU/Hospitality

Historically, in response to various privately-owned video distribution network property owners seeking additional revenue streams and their tenants and guests demanding increased in-room technology enabled services, telco and cable operators serving the hospitality market sought to provide more programs (especially in HD), and enhanced interactivity. Initially installed in higher-end properties and hospitality properties, HD conversion is continuing today to complete all properties including older Assisted Living and Nursing Homes, Hospitals, MDUs and also now smaller hotels and motels, all of which are being upgraded and outfitted with enhanced technology to provide a full suite of HD programs and video streaming services.

More recently, the competition among telco and cable providers to the Assisted Living, MDU and Hospitality industries has shifted from a previous emphasis on VOD, to providing an ever-increasing number of HD programs and the capability of offering streaming OTT television services. The Company believes that the demand for HD based headends that support free-to-guest service and OTT television, will continue to grow in the near term. The rate of growth is limited by the costs associated with replacing all televisions in a property with flat screen Pro:Idiom compatible televisions, the infrastructure required to support OTT television, authentication and system management issues. For several years, the Company has been providing a unique system solution to the largest hotel brands worldwide through the Company’s network of hotelier approved system integrator and operator customers. The system consists of DOCSIS 3.0 and 3.1 compliant cable modem termination systems (“CMTS”) and cable modems (“CM”) and is unique in that it is the only system approved by that hotelier that is able to provide a combination of the following services: linear TV, OTT, DOCSIS-based ethernet, and Wi-Fi from a common mini-CATV-type HFC-based infrastructure.

SMB-Small and Medium Sized Businesses

The Company defines its target SMB markets to also include educational campus environments, correctional facilities, sports stadiums and airport terminals. All of these seemingly unrelated facilities contain private video and data distribution networks that are dependent on either locally generated or externally sourced video and/or data content. As the advanced technologies of distance learning, HDTV and IPTV permeate the market, institutional facilities are embracing these technologies to achieve site specific goals. The following are examples of the types of applications:

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Public, Educational and Government (“PEG”) Town Hall Meetings, Religious Broadcasts, Local Sports

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In-Office - Doctor, Dentist and Corporate Offices

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Campus & Stadium - Redistribution of content across large, complex properties and facilities

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Patient Education and Entertainment

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Distance Learning

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Employee Facing- Training and Company Messaging

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Hotel Lobby Events and Advertising

The Company traditionally benefited from a very strong share of this market with its Analog Video Headend and Distribution Products. We anticipate that we will continue to be a leader in this market with our digital video solutions and our evolving IP and IPTV platforms.

International

The Company has authorized distributors and sales agents in various locations outside the United States, but the Company primarily manufactures products for sale in the USA and North America. Historically, international sales have not materially contributed to the Company’s revenue base. In 2021 the Company began providing small quantities of video encoder and transcoder equipment to service providers in Mexico. This line of business is not expected to have material impact on the Company’s overall performance.

Additional Considerations

The evolution of technology with respect to video, internet and telephone services continues at a rapid pace. Cable TV’s QAM video continues to compete with DIRECTV® and EchoStar’s DBS service and cable modems compete with digital subscriber lines and fiber-to-the-home offered by regional telephone companies. Telephone companies are building national fiber optic networks and are delivering video, internet and telephone services directly to the home over fiber optic cable, and digital telephone is being offered by cable companies and others in competition with traditional phone companies. The convergence of data and video communications continues, wherein computer and television systems merge. This merging of technologies is extending services and content delivery to mobile smart phone devices and tablet computers with over-the-air data delivery competing with cable-delivered services.

Larger MSOs have transitioned or are in the process of transitioning to all-digital platforms (and in most instances based upon the MPEG-4/H.264 codec technology). Satellite DBS television, digitally compressed programming and IP delivery require headend products, set-top decoding receivers, or digital terminal adapters, to convert the transmitted signals back to analog or HDMI format so that they may be viewed on television sets. The split of analog and digital offerings provided to customers varies as a function of the size of the operator and their deployment strategy. For example, the majority of private cable and other smaller service providers continue to deliver an analog television signal on standard channels to subscribers’ television sets using headend products at some distribution point in their networks or employ set-top boxes or digital terminal adapters at each television set.

Key Products

Blonder Tongue’s products can be separated according to function and technology. Five key categories account for the majority of the Company’s revenue-Encoders and Transcoders, NXG, Coax Distribution, CPE and Digital Modulation:

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Encoder/Transcoder Products are used by a system operator for encoding and transcoding of digital video. Transcoders convert video files from one codec compression format to another to allow the video to be viewed across different platforms and devices. We offer a broad line of 4K/UHD, HD and SD, MPEG-2, MPEG-4/H.264, and HEVC/H.265 capable encoders and transcoders optimized for Telecom customers and environments. One example is a line of enhanced encoders optimized for the extreme demands of broadcasting live sports, another is a cost-effective MPEG-2/H.264 encoder for IP support of PEG channels tailored to receive and groom regional content and deliver it across the open internet to centralized locations for ingest into OTT / CDN and other distribution systems. Yet another is a new highly cost-effective bulk IP to IP digital video Transcoder that supports 24 channels of format and rate conversion in a single Rack Unit (1RU) size and corrects digital television compatibility issues.

The QPSK and 8PSK to QAM transcoders (QTM Series) are used for economically deploying or adding a satellite-based tier of digital or HDTV digital programming. The units transcode a satellite signal’s modulation from QPSK to QAM or from 8PSK modulation format to QAM format. Since QPSK and 8PSK are optimum for satellite transmission and QAM is optimum for fiber/coax distribution, precious system bandwidth is saved while the signal retains its digital information.

Encoders accept various input sources (analog and/or digital) and output digitally encoded 4K, UHD, HD or SD video in various output formats such as IP, QAM modulated, or Asynchronous Serial Interface (“ASI”). ASI is a streaming data format which carries the MPEG-2 Transport Stream. The IP output format allows operators to stream video over private data networks with greater reliability and content security. The QAM outputs can be used for digital video distribution over typical coax and HFC networks to serve a variety of Telecom environments (i.e. CO’s, headends, stadiums, broadcast and cable television studios, hospitals, university campuses, etc.). As a complement to this encoder line, Blonder Tongue also provides digital QAM multiplexers which take multiple inputs (ASI or 8VSB/QAM) and delivers a single multiplexed QAM output, thereby optimizing the HD channel lineup by preserving bandwidth. The Company’s QAM output MPEG encoders support low latency and superior motion optimization for content such as fast-paced sporting events, which is ideal for live events within a stadium or arena. The Company’s new Clearview transcoder product line supports high density highly cost-effective bulk re-encoding functions to support a wide range of service operator use-cases such as creating digital television universal reception of signals, professional Dolby® audio encoding and format conversions, or conversion of broadcast to IPTV expected video formats. The Company’s Encoder/Transcoder Products accounted for approximately 50% and 50% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall increase of $1,106,000 year-over-year.

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NXG IP Digital Video Processing and Headend Products were introduced by the Company in 2018 and were a culmination of the Company’s product development efforts of an advanced next-generation-enterprise series of products and solutions.

The NXG is a powerful, two-way, forward-looking digital video signal processing platform and series of modular add-on products that are ideal for delivering the next generation of entertainment services for residential and enterprise applications, including IPTV format conversions and simulcast use cases and is actively deployed in education, MDU, healthcare, business parks, campuses, institutions, hospitality, cruise ships, professional sports stadiums and government facilities. The goals of the NXG product line is to addresses the service provider challenges of (a) migrating from traditional CATV transmission, such as fiber and coaxial cable, to fully IP-based transmission and delivery, and (b) migrating from traditional content protection, such as Commscope/Arris DigiCipher®, Cisco PowerKEY®, Verimatrix® CAS, and LG Pro:Idiom®, to IP-based digital rights management (“IP-DRM”) - content protection systems of the future, such as Adobe DRM®, Verimatrix-M®, Google Widevine®, PlayReady®, and Zenith/LG IP Pro:Idiom® technologies. In order to accomplish those goals, NXG was designed to be an anything-in to anything-out solution. Based on key customer guidance and the Company’s research and development effort, NXG is a 100% fully modular, passive-back-plane-based product that enables the service providers to (a) easily and seamlessly accomplish the migration described in the forgoing, and (b) cost effectively and seamlessly address what may become any future, unforeseen, prospective transmission, and content protection migrations. Unlike many competing products, in NXG, all “active” electronic components reside in their respective modules. There are no active components in either the rack-chassis or backplane which brings the benefits of ultra-high reliability, flexibility and future adaptability to as yet unknown use-cases. In addition, the Company’s plan is for the functionality of all of the standalone key signal processing products described in both the foregoing and following paragraphs are to be, over time, migrated and subsumed as modular optional features supported by the NXG product line. In 2021 the Company released and began producing the NXG Edge version of the NXG product line to target lower-functionality and lower-cost advanced encryption edge QAM types of use cases. The Company’s NXG Products accounted for approximately 15% and 12% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall increase of $784,000 year-over-year.

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Coax Distribution Products are used to transport signals from the headend to their ultimate destination in a home, apartment unit, hotel room, office or other end-point location along a coax distribution network. Among the products offered by the Company in this category are broadband amplifiers, directional taps, splitters and wall outlets. In cable television systems, the coax distribution products are either mounted on exterior utility poles or encased in pedestals, vaults or other security devices. In SMB systems the distribution system is typically enclosed within the walls of the building (if a single structure) or added to an existing structure using various techniques to hide the coax cable and devices. The non-passive devices within this category are designed to ensure that the signal distributed from the headend is of sufficient strength when it arrives at its final destination to provide high quality audio/video images. The Company’s Coax Distribution Products accounted for approximately 8% and 8% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall increase of $224,774 year-over-year.

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CPE Products are comprised mainly of Android-based IPTV set top boxes sold to the Tier 2 and Tier 3 cable and telecommunications service providers for use in mainstream residential services to consumer households. The Company began selling CPE Products in 2019. The Company’s CPE Product initiative achieved sales to over 75 different telco, municipal fiber and cable operators and accounted for approximately 0% and 7% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall decrease of $1,092,000 year-over-year.

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Digital Modulation Products are used by a system operator for acquisition, processing, compression, and management of digital video. The headend is the center of a digital television system. It is the central location where multiple programs are received and, through additional processing, allocated to specific channels for digital distribution. Blonder Tongue continues to expand its Digital Modulation Product offerings to meet the evolving needs of its customers, which is expected to continue for years to come. IP interfaces have been added to a wide range of products to help in the migration to IPTV. One such example is the AQT8-B, a multichannel 8VSB/QAM-IP transmodulator that receives up to 64 programs of off-air broadcast signals over 8 different frequencies and transmodulates them for output on both coax and IP distribution networks. Other lines of digital products provided by Blonder Tongue and Drake include our Edge QAM devices, Satellite Quadrature Phase Shift Key (“QPSK”) and Eight Phase Shift Key (“8PSK”) to QAM transmodulators.

The Company’s Aircaster^tm ATSC, QAM, and IP trans-modulator series of products (“AQT8”) allow the user to create a customized line up from off-air and/or cable feeds for coax IP distribution. The customizable IP output contains multiple programs with a combination of single and multiple transport streams, from multiple RF input sources. The unique MPEG-2 transport systems information tables associated with each of the selected input programs are transferred to the IP outputs. This means the virtual channel numbers and program names on the IP outputs can be the same as their RF program input sources. The Company’s AQT8 products enable the user to modify the metadata, including PSIP parameters, such as the Program ID, Program #, Short Name, Major Ch., and Minor Ch. Information, to provide a customized IP program delivery solution. The Aircaster AQT8 features Emergency Alert System (“EAS”) program switching through either an ASI or IP format EAS input and terminal block contacts for triggering.

Stand-alone Edge QAM devices accept Ethernet input and capture MPEG over IP transport streams, decrypt service provider conditional access or content protection, and insert proprietary conditional access, such as Pro:Idiom, into the stream. These streams are then combined and modulated on to QAM RF carriers, in most cases providing multiple streams on to one 6 MHz digital channel. Inputs to Edge QAM devices can come from satellite receivers, set-top boxes, network devices or video servers. The use of these devices adds flexibility for the service provider, in part, because all of this routing happens in one device. Scaling is accomplished via software and modules embedded inside the hardware. Since it is a true network device, the Edge QAM can be managed over a traditional Ethernet network or over the Internet.

Digital Modulation Product use continues in all of the Company’s primary markets, bringing more advanced technology to consumers and operators. The Company’s Digital Video Headend Products accounted for approximately 6% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, with an overall increase of $102,000 year-over-year.

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DOCSIS Data Products give service providers, integrators, and premise owners a means to deliver data, video, and voice-over-coaxial in locations such as hotels and hospitality, MDU’s, and college campuses using IP technology. Among the products offered by the Company are CMTS and cable modems (“CM”). The Company’s DOCSIS Data Products accounted for approximately 13% and 5% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall increase of $1,599,000 year-over-year.

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SLA and Services includes Service Level Agreements (“SLA”), installation and support services, contracts on equipment advanced replacement, hands-on customer and end-user training, system design engineering, on-site field support, remote support, troubleshooting and complete system verification testing. These SLA and Services also include after hour and 24x7x365 support contracts. The Company began programs in 2020 and expanded in 2021 to promote and emphasize the value of services and agreements for services offering a range of service levels tailored to various customer’s business needs. The Company’s SLA and Services products accounted for approximately 2% and 3% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, with an overall decrease of $90,000 year-over-year.

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Other Products. There are a variety of other products that the Company sells to a lesser degree, either to fill a customer need or where sales have reduced due to changes in Company direction, technology, or market influences. Sales of products in these categories contributed less significantly to the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021 and are expected to remain this way for 2023. These products include:

Analog Modulation Products are used by a system operator for signal acquisition, processing and manipulation to create an analog channel lineup for further transmission. Among the products offered by the Company in this category are prefabricated headends to accommodate legacy analog TV systems, modulators, demodulators, and processors.

Fiber Products are used to transport signals from the headend to their ultimate destination in a home, apartment unit, hotel room, office or other terminal location along a fiber optic distribution network. Among the products offered by the Company in this category are fiber optic transmitters, receivers (nodes), and couplers.

Test & Measurement instruments, for measuring both digital and analog CATV and Broadcast TV signals, as well as capture, analyze and/ or generate MPEG ASI transport streams.

Contract Manufacturing Services, providing manufacturing, research and development and product support services for other companies’ products.

Miscellaneous products and services, filling customers’ needs for receiving off-air broadcast television and satellite transmissions prior to headend processing, satellite distribution, repair, and parts.

The Company will modify its products to meet specific customer requirements. Typically, these modifications are minor and do not materially alter either the product functionality or the ability to sell such altered products to other customers.

Research and Product Development

The markets served by Blonder Tongue are characterized by technological change, new product introductions, and evolving industry standards. To compete effectively in this environment, the Company must engage in ongoing research and development in order to (i) create new products, (ii) expand features of existing products to accommodate customer demand for greater capability, (iii) license new technologies, (iv) acquire products incorporating technology that could not otherwise be developed quickly enough using internal resources and (v) acquire complementary products incorporating technology from third parties allowing internal resources to focus on higher-value strategic areas of research and development. Research and development projects are often initially undertaken at the request of or in an effort to address the particular needs of the Company’s customers and customer prospects, with the expectation or promise of substantial future orders. Projects may also result from new technologies that become available, or new market applications of existing technology. In the new product development process, the vast experience of the Company’s engineering group is leveraged to ensure the highest level of suitability and widest acceptance in the marketplace. Products tend to be developed in a functional building block approach that allows for different combinations of blocks to generate new relevant products. Additional research and development efforts are also continuously underway for the purpose of enhancing product quality and lowering production costs. This building block philosophy of research and development was expanded on in the fourth quarter of 2018 with several new hardware designs each yielding a wide range of product derivative models based on a single common design, yielding the Company improved engineering cost efficiencies. For the acquisition of new technologies, the Company may rely upon technology licenses from third parties or customized derivative product development. The Company will also license technology if it can obtain technology more quickly, or more cost-effectively from third parties than it could otherwise develop on its own, or if the desired technology is proprietary to a third party. There were 10 employees involved in the technical product definition, technology systems architecture and research and development departments of the Company at December 31, 2022, distributed among the Company’s operating locations.

Marketing and Sales

Blonder Tongue markets and sells its products for use in a wide range of IPTV and other Telecom and SMB markets, including with municipal fiber optic operators, traditional cable television, telco, MDU, lodging/hospitality, and institutional settings (schools, hospitals and prisons). The Company also sells into a multitude of niche SMB markets such as sports arenas and the cruise ship industry. Sales are made directly to customers by the Company’s internal sales force, as well as through Blonder Tongue Premier Distributors. The Company instituted its Premier Distributor Program in 2007, through which a limited group of larger distributors who stock a significant amount of the Company’s products in their inventory are given access to a special purchase incentive program allowing them to achieve volume price concessions measured on a year-to-year basis. Sales to the Company’s Premier Distributors accounted for approximately 25% and 27% of the Company’s revenues for 2022 and 2021, respectively. These Premier Distributors serve multiple markets. Direct sales to telco operators, municipal fiber operators, cable operators and system integrators accounted for approximately 31% and 39% of the Company’s revenues for 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company’s sales and marketing function is performed by its internal sales and marketing associates working in partnership and conjunction its Premier Distributors, as well as its smaller company integrator and distributor network. Should it be deemed necessary, the Company may retain independent sales representatives in particular geographic areas or targeted to specific customer prospects or target market opportunities. Sales and marketing made up 19% of the Company’s overall workforce at December 31, 2022, divided into central and regional coverage in Old Bridge, New Jersey, in Ohio and Florida, as well as Pennsylvania, the Chicago and Atlanta areas.

The Company’s standard customer payment terms are net 30 days. From time to time, when circumstances warrant, such as a commitment to a large blanket purchase order, the Company will selectively extend payment terms beyond its standard payment terms to 60 days.

The Company has several marketing programs to support the sale and distribution of its products. Blonder Tongue participates in industry trade shows and conferences and also maintains a robust website and direct on-line sales portal. The Company publishes technical articles in trade and technical journals, distributes sales and product literature and has an active public relations plan to ensure complete coverage of Blonder Tongue’s products and technology by editors of trade journals. The Company provides system design engineering services for its customers, maintains extensive ongoing communications with many original equipment manufacturer customers and provides one-on-one demonstrations and technical seminars to potential new customers. Blonder Tongue supplies sales and applications support, product literature and training to its sales representatives and distributors. Before the COVID pandemic began in March of 2020, the management and sales staff of the Company traveled extensively, identifying customer needs and meeting existing and potential customers. The Company anticipates resuming these activities at pre-pandemic levels as U.S. CDC guidelines allow.

Customers

Blonder Tongue has a diverse customer base, which in 2022 consisted of approximately 70 active accounts. Approximately 38% and 47% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, were derived from sales of products to the Company’s three largest customers. North American Cable, Stellar Private Cable and World Cinema accounted for approximately 14%, 13% and 11%, respectively, of the Company’s revenues in 2022, and Stellar Private Cable, Advanced Media Technologies and North American Cable Equipment accounted for approximately 20%, 14% and 13%, respectively, of the Company’s revenues in 2021. None of these customers are obligated to purchase a material amount of products or to provide the Company with a material level of binding forecasts of product purchases for any future period. There can be no assurance that sales to these entities, individually or as a group, will reach or exceed historical levels in any future period; however, the Company currently anticipates that the three customers mentioned above will continue to account for a significant portion of the Company’s revenues in future periods. See disclosure below in “Risk Factors - Any substantial decrease in sales to our largest customers may adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition” for further details.

Since 2010, the Company has held multi-year contracts with key distributors in its Premier Distributor Program. Many of the Company’s smaller business customers, with whom the Company had formerly dealt on a direct basis, now purchase the Company’s products from our Premier Distributors.

In the Company’s direct sales to system integrators, the complement of our significant customers tends to vary over time as the most efficient and better financed integrators grow more rapidly than others. Any substantial decrease or delay in sales to one or more of the Company’s significant customers, the financial failure of any of these entities, or the Company’s inability to develop and maintain solid relationships with the integrators that may replace the present significant customers, would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition.

The Company’s revenues are derived primarily from customers in the continental United States; however, the Company also derives some revenues from customers in other geographical markets, primarily Canada and to a more limited extent, in developing countries. Sales to customers outside of the United States represented approximately 1% and 4% of the Company’s revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively. All of the Company’s transactions with customers located outside of the United States have historically been denominated in U.S. dollars. As such, the Company has had no foreign currency transactions from which it derives revenues. Transactions denominated in foreign currencies have certain inherent risks associated with them due to currency fluctuations. See “Risk Factors” below for more detail on the risks associated with foreign currency transactions.

Manufacturing and Suppliers

Blonder Tongue’s primary manufacturing operations are presently located at the Old Bridge, New Jersey Facility, which also serves as the Company’s headquarters. The Company has developed, implemented and maintains a Quality Management System, that has been certified as conforming to all requirements of the ISO 9001:2015 international standard. The Company recently completed an audit and renewed its ISO 9001:2015 certification in December 2021. The Company’s manufacturing operations are vertically integrated and consist principally of the programming, assembly, and testing of electronic assemblies built from fabricated parts, printed circuit boards and electronic devices and the fabrication from raw sheet metal, of chassis and cabinets for such assemblies. Management continues to implement improvements to the manufacturing process to increase production volume and reduce product cost, including logistics modifications on the factory floor to accommodate increasingly fine pitch surface mount electronic components. The Company is capable of manufacturing assemblies of 16-layer printed circuit boards with thousands of components, including placement of 0.030x0.030mil ball grid arrays and 0201 packaged sized components, utilizing its advanced state-of-the-art automatic placement equipment as well as automated optical inspection and testing systems. Investments by the Company in these advanced manufacturing technologies is consistent with and part of the Company’s strategy to provide its customers with high performance-to-cost ratio products. The Company also maintains engineering and technical support staff in Ohio, Ft. Wayne, Indiana, Florida and in the Atlanta, GA area.

Since 2007, the Company has been manufacturing certain high volume, labor intensive products, including a portion of the Company’s analog products overseas in the PRC, and since 2019 in Korea and Taiwan. A key contract manufacturer in the PRC produces a portion of these products (all of which are proprietary Blonder Tongue designs) as may be requested by the Company from time to time (in the Company’s discretion) through the submission of purchase orders, the terms of which are governed by a manufacturing agreement. Although the Company does not currently anticipate the transfer of any additional products to overseas companies for manufacture, the Company may do so if business and market conditions make it advantageous to do so. In connection with the Company’s initiatives in Korea, Taiwan and the PRC, the Company may have limited foreign currency transactions and may be subject to limited various currency exchange control programs related to its overseas operations.

Outside contractors supply standard components, printed circuit boards and electronic subassemblies to the Company’s specifications. The Company purchases electronic parts that it classifies into three groups: (i) products which do not have a unique source, (ii) products that have a limited number of suppliers and (iii) products which have a sole source. Products which do not have a unique source are generally available with limited supply disruptions. Products that are available from a limited number of suppliers may be subject to temporary shortages because of general economic conditions and the demand and supply for such component parts. Products which have a sole source are subject to longer term shortages and in some cases not available at all in the short term, with certain deliveries not expected until 2023. If the Company were to experience a temporary shortage of any given electronic part, the Company believes that alternative parts could be obtained, or system design changes implemented. There can be no assurances that obtaining alternative parts or system design changes can be done successfully or on a cost-effective basis. An inability to timely obtain sufficient quantities of certain of these components could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s operating results. The Company does not have an agreement with any sole source supplier requiring the supplier to sell a specified volume of components to the Company. See “Risk Factors” below for more detail on the risk associated with sole supplier products.

Blonder Tongue maintains a quality assurance program which monitors and controls manufacturing processes, and extensively tests samples throughout the process. Samples of component parts purchased are tested, as well as its finished products, on an ongoing basis. The Company also tests component and sub-assemblies throughout the manufacturing process using commercially available and in-house built testing systems that incorporate proprietary procedures. The highest level of quality assurance is maintained throughout all aspects of the design and manufacturing process. The extensive in-house calibration program assures test equipment integrity, correlation and calibration. This program ensures that all test and measurement equipment that is used in the manufacturing process is calibrated to the same in-house reference standard on a consistent basis. When all test and measurement devices are calibrated in this manner, discrepancies are eliminated between the engineering, manufacturing and quality control departments, thus increasing operational efficiency and ensuring a high level of product quality. Blonder Tongue performs final product tests prior to shipment to customers. In 2008, the Company was certified to perform Underwriters Laboratories (UL) witness testing of products to UL International Standard 60950.

Competition

All aspects of the Company’s business are highly competitive. The Company competes with international, national, regional and local manufacturers and distributors, including companies larger than Blonder Tongue that have substantially greater resources. A small subset of manufacturers who are suppliers to the Company sell directly as well as through distributors into the franchise and private cable marketplaces. Because of the convergence of the cable, telecommunications and computer industries and rapid technological developments, new competitors may seek to enter the principal markets served by the Company. Many of these potential competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing, sales and other resources than Blonder Tongue. The Company expects that direct and indirect competition may increase in the future. Additional competition could result in price reductions, loss of market share and delays in the timing of customer orders. The principal methods of competition are product differentiation, product reputation, performance, quality, price, terms, service, technical support and administrative support. The Company is a major competitor in many of the markets that it serves and differentiates itself from other companies by consistently offering innovative products, providing excellent technical service support and delivering extremely high reliability products and high performance-to-cost ratio (high value) products.

Intellectual Property

The Company currently holds several United States and foreign patents, including certain technologies within the NXG platform and certain technologies within its DOCSIS data products. No other patents are considered material to the Company’s present operations, since they do not relate to high volume applications. Because of the rapidly evolving nature of the telecommunications and cable television industry, the Company believes that its market position as a technology supplier derives primarily from its ability to timely develop a consistent stream of new products that are designed to meet its customers’ needs and that have a high performance-to-cost ratio.

The Company owns a United States trademark registration for the word mark “Blonder Tongue®” and “Aircaster®” and also on a “BT®” logo. Drake owns a United States trademark registration for the word mark “DRAKE®”.

Since 2008, the Company has obtained and renewed licenses for a variety of technologies in concert with its digital encoder line of products. The licenses are from a number of companies including from Zenith, a subsidiary of LG Electronics (expires December 2023). These standard licenses are all non-exclusive and many require payment of royalties based upon the unit sales of the licensed products. With regard to the licenses expiring in 2023, the Company expects to renew these standard licenses on similar terms to those presently in force. For additional information regarding these licenses, see “Introduction” starting on page 1.

The Company relies on a combination of patents, contractual rights and trade secret laws to protect its proprietary technologies and know-how. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to protect its technologies and know-how or that third parties will not be able to develop similar technologies and know-how independently. Therefore, existing and potential competitors may be able to develop products that are competitive with the Company’s products and such competition could adversely affect the prices for the Company’s products or the Company’s market share. The Company also believes that factors such as the technological and creative skills of its personnel, new product developments, frequent product enhancements, name recognition and reliable product maintenance are essential to establishing and maintaining its competitive position. The industries in which the Company competes are subject to constant development of new technologies and evolution of existing technologies, many of which are the subject of existing third-party patents and new patents are issued frequently.

Regulation

Private cable, while in some cases subject to certain Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) licensing requirements, is not presently burdened with extensive government regulations. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 deregulated many aspects of franchise cable system operation and opened the door to competition among cable operators and telephone companies in each of their respective industries.

Environmental Regulations

The Company is subject to a variety of Federal, State and local governmental regulations related to the storage, use, discharge and disposal of toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals if and when used in its manufacturing processes. The Company did not incur in 2022 and does not anticipate incurring in 2023, material capital expenditures for compliance with Federal, State and local environmental laws and regulations. There can be no assurance, however, that changes in environmental regulations will not result in the need for additional capital expenditures or otherwise impose additional financial burdens on the Company. Further, such regulations could restrict the Company’s ability to expand its operations. Any failure by the Company to obtain required permits for, control the use of, or adequately restrict the discharge of, hazardous substances under present or future regulations could subject the Company to substantial liability or could cause its manufacturing operations to be suspended.

The Company has authorization to discharge wastewater under the New Jersey Pollution Discharge Elimination System/Discharge to Surface Waters General Industrial Stormwater Permit, Permit No. NJ0088315. This permit will expire June 30, 2023 and is automatically renewed upon payment of the annual fee. The Company intends to renew this permit.

Employees

As of February 28, 2023, the Company employed approximately 67 people, including 36 in manufacturing, 8 in research and development, 3 in quality assurance, 13 in sales and marketing, and 7 in a general and administrative capacity. Substantially all of these employees are full-time employees. 19 of the Company’s employees are members of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Union, Local 2066, which has a labor agreement with the Company that is scheduled to expire in February 2027.

ITEM 1A RISK FACTORS

The Company’s business operates in a rapidly changing technology and economic environment that involves numerous risks, some of which are beyond the Company’s control. The following “Risk Factors” highlight some of these risks. Additional risks not currently known to the Company or that the Company now deems immaterial may also affect the Company and the value of its common stock. The risks described below, together with all of the other information included in this report, should be carefully considered in evaluating our business and prospects. The occurrence of any of the following risks could harm the Company’s business, financial condition or results of operations.

Commercial Risks

Any substantial decrease in sales to our largest customers may adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition.

Approximately 56% and 58% of our revenues in 2022 and 2021, respectively, were derived from sales of products to the Company’s five largest customers. None of these customers are obligated to purchase a material amount of products or to provide the Company with a material level of binding forecasts of product purchases for any future period. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that sales to these entities, individually or as a group, will reach or exceed historical levels in any future period. In addition, while the COVID-19 outbreak has affected and is continuing to affect the operations of our suppliers, and of our customers and our sales to them, uncertainty as to the effects on the economy generally and our semiconductor suppliers and customers in particular makes it impossible for us to predict the short term and long term effects the COVID-19 outbreak and related developments will have on our customers and their ongoing businesses and how those effects may impact our sales to them.

With respect to our direct sales to system integrators, the complement of our significant customers tends to vary over time as the most efficient and better-financed integrators tend to grow more rapidly than others. Our success with those customers will depend in part on:

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the viability of those customers;

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our ability to identify those customers with the greatest growth and growth prospects; and

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our ability to maintain our position in the overall marketplace by shifting our emphasis to such customers.

In addition, three of our customers accounted for approximately 57% and 62% of our outstanding trade accounts receivable at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Any substantial decrease or delay in sales to one or more of our significant customers, the financial failure of any of these entities, their inability to pay their trade accounts owing to us in a timely manner or at all, or our inability to develop solid relationships with integrators that may replace the present significant customers, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. If the negative effects of the COVID-19 outbreak and related developments lead to financial difficulties or even the failure of one or more of our significant customers, or a combination of our smaller customers, our ability to collect payment in full and on a timely basis, or at all, may be adversely affected, and our working capital resources may be significantly diminished.

An inability to develop, or acquire the rights to technology, products or applications in response to changes in industry standards or customer needs may reduce our sales and profitability.

Both the private cable and franchised cable industries are characterized by the continuing advancement of technology, evolving industry standards and changing customer needs. To be successful, we must anticipate the evolution of industry standards and changes in customer needs, through the timely development and introduction of new products, enhancement of existing products and licensing of new technology from third parties. This is particularly true at this time as the Company must develop and market new digital products to offset the continuing decline in demand for, and therefore sales of, analog products. Although we depend primarily on our own research and development efforts to develop new products and enhancements to our existing products, we have and may continue to seek licenses for new technology from third parties when we believe that we can obtain such technology more quickly and/or cost-effectively from such third parties than we could otherwise develop on our own, or when the desired technology has already been patented by a third party. There can, however, be no assurance that new technology or such licenses will be available on terms acceptable to us. There can be no assurance that:

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we will be able to anticipate the evolution of industry standards in the telecommunications, cable television or the communications industry generally;

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we will be able to anticipate changes in the market and customer needs;

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technologies and applications under development by us will be successfully developed; or

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successfully developed technologies and applications will achieve market acceptance.

If we are unable for technological or other reasons to develop and introduce products and applications or to obtain licenses for new technologies from third parties in a timely manner in response to changing market conditions or customer requirements, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.

Anticipated increases in direct and indirect competition with us may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

All aspects of our business are highly competitive. We compete with international, national, regional and local manufacturers and distributors, including companies larger than us, which have substantially greater resources. Various manufacturers who are suppliers to us sell directly as well as through distributors into the cable television marketplace. Because of the convergence of the cable, telecommunications and computer industries and rapid technological development, new competitors may seek to enter the principal markets served by us. Many of these potential competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing, sales and other resources than we have. We expect that direct and indirect competition will increase in the future. Additional competition could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition through:

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price reductions;

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loss of market share;

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delays in the timing of customer orders; and

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an inability to increase our penetration into the cable television market.

Our sales and profitability may suffer due to any substantial decrease or delay in capital spending by the telecommunications and cable infrastructure operators that we serve, as well as in the MDU, assisted living, lodging and institutional cable or telecommunications markets.

The vast majority of our revenues in 2022 and 2021 came from sales of our products for use by fiber, telco and cable infrastructure operators. Demand for our products depends to a large extent upon capital spending by telcos, cable operators and other entities on private cable systems and specifically by private cable operators for constructing, rebuilding, maintaining or upgrading their systems. Capital spending by private cable operators and, therefore, our sales and profitability, are dependent on a variety of factors, including:

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access by private cable operators to financing for capital expenditures;

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demand for their cable services;

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availability of alternative video delivery technologies; and

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general economic conditions.

In addition, our sales and profitability may in the future be more dependent on capital spending by traditional franchise cable system operators as well as by new entrants to this market planning to over-build existing cable system infrastructures, or constructing, rebuilding, maintaining and upgrading their systems. There can be no assurance that system operators in private cable or franchise cable will continue capital spending for constructing, rebuilding, maintaining, or upgrading their systems. Any substantial decrease or delay in capital spending by private cable or franchise cable operators would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Competitors may develop products that are similar to, and compete with, our products due to our limited proprietary protection.

We possess limited patent or registered intellectual property rights with respect to the majority of our technology. We rely on a combination of patents, contractual rights and trade secret laws to protect our proprietary technology and know-how. There can be no assurance that we will be able to protect our technology and know-how or that third parties will not be able to develop similar technology independently. Therefore, existing and potential competitors may be able to develop similar products which compete with our products. Such competition could adversely affect the prices for our products or our market share and could have a material adverse effect upon our results of operations and financial condition.

Patent infringement claims against us or our customers, whether or not successful, may cause us to incur significant costs.

While we do not believe that our products (including products and technologies licensed from others) infringe valid intellectual property rights of any third parties, there can be no assurance that infringement or invalidity claims (or claims for indemnification resulting from infringement claims) will not be asserted against us or our customers. Damages for infringement of valid intellectual property rights of third parties could be substantial, and if determined to be willful, can be trebled. Such an outcome could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operation. Regardless of the validity or the successful assertion of any such claims, we could incur significant costs and diversion of resources with respect to the defense thereof which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. If we are unsuccessful in defending any claims or actions that are asserted against us or our customers, we could seek to obtain a license under a third party’s intellectual property rights. There can be no assurance, however, that under such circumstances, a license would be available under reasonable terms or at all. The failure to obtain a license to a third party’s intellectual property rights on commercially reasonable terms could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Financial Risks

Our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 included herein contain a “going concern” explanatory paragraph, expressing substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, we experienced a decline in net sales, a loss from operations and a significant amount of cash used in operating activities, which was funded in large part from the proceeds we received from sales of our common stock and the proceeds from the Subordinated Loan Facility. Our ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon our becoming profitable in the future and having access to sufficient capital to execute our business plan and to meet our payment obligations on our debt financing arrangements and other financial obligations when they become due. We recently have been successful in obtaining additional capital through our Subordinated Loan Facility and the issuance of shares of our common stock. Although we believe that improvements in our sales and efforts to reduce expenses will increase the possibility that we will become profitable, and we have recently obtained the additional Subordinated Loan Facility and equity financing, we cannot provide any assurances that we will be successful in improving our performance, that the additional financing obtained to date will be sufficient, or that we will be successful in securing additional financing on reasonable terms, or at all. These factors, and possibly others, raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. Our audited consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result if we are unable to continue as a going concern. As a result, you should not rely on our consolidated balance sheet as an indication of the amount of proceeds that would be available to satisfy claims of creditors and potentially be available for distribution to stockholders in the event of liquidation.

The terms of our credit facility with MidCap Business Credit may restrict our current and future operating and financial flexibility and could adversely affect our financial and operational results.

On October 25, 2019, the Company, entered into a new credit facility with MidCap Business Credit (“MidCap”), which was amended on April 7, 2020, January 8, 2021, June 14, 2021, July 30, 2021, August 26, 2021, December 16, 2021, February 11, 2022, March 3, 2022, April 5, 2022, May 5, 2022, June 14, 2022, July 1, 2022, October 25, 2022, and October 28, 2022. The Loan and Security Agreement between the Company and MidCap, as amended (the “MidCap Agreement”) includes a number of non-financial covenants that, among other things, may restrict our ability to:

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engage in mergers, consolidations, asset dispositions or similar fundamental changes;

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redeem or repurchase shares of Company stock;

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create, incur, assume or guarantee additional indebtedness;

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create, incur or permit liens on our assets;

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make loans or investments;

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pay cash dividends or make similar distributions; and

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change the nature of our business.

These restrictions in the MidCap Agreement may limit our ability to engage in certain transactions that could be beneficial to us and our stockholders. In the event of a default, MidCap could elect to declare all borrowings, accrued and unpaid interest and other fees outstanding, due and payable and require us to use available cash to repay these borrowings, which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. If MidCap terminates the MidCap Agreement or further limits our ability to borrow under the MidCap Agreement as a result of any failures to comply with any covenants, we would seek new debt financing arrangements. We cannot assure you that new debt financing will be available to us on acceptable terms or at all. In addition, new debt financing, if available, could impose payment obligations, covenants and operating restrictions that are more onerous than under the MidCap Agreement, which could adversely affect our operations and financial condition.

Rising interest rates can be a risk factor.

Borrowings under our MidCap line of credit are at variable rates of interest and expose us to interest rate risk. If interest rates increase, our debt service obligations on the variable rate indebtedness will increase even though the amount borrowed remains the same, and our net income and cash flows, including cash available for servicing our indebtedness, would correspondingly decrease.

We may face risks relating to currency fluctuations and currency exchange.

Historically the Company has had limited exposure to currency fluctuations since transactions with customers located outside the United States have generally been denominated in U.S. Dollars. In addition, the Company incurs certain expenses denominated in RMB in connection with its contract manufacturing activities in the PRC. The Company’s functional currency is the U.S. Dollar. Accordingly, any expense denominated in Canadian Dollars or RMB needs to be translated into U.S. Dollars at the applicable currency exchange rate for inclusion in our consolidated financial statements. Exchange rates between the RMB and U.S. Dollar in recent years have fluctuated significantly and may do so in the future. We do not engage in currency hedging activities to limit the risks of currency fluctuations. Currency fluctuations could adversely impact our results of operations, cash flows and financial position.

Increased tariffs or other trade actions could adversely affect our business.

There is currently significant uncertainty about the future relationship between the United States and China with respect to trade policies and tariffs. We source a variety of finished products and component parts from China. Although we currently believe that most of those products are not subject to tariffs, we cannot assure you that governmental authorities will agree with that position or that future actions may not be taken by the United States or China to impose tariffs on those products and components or otherwise affect our ability to source those products and components, which could have an adverse effect on our future operations. In addition, certain of the products we obtain from China are currently subject to tariffs. Although we do not expect that the currently-applicable tariffs will have an adverse effect on our results of operations, we have raised prices on certain products to attempt to offset the effect of those tariffs, and we are also considering alternative sources of supply from manufacturers in other countries and moving certain manufacturing activities to our Old Bridge New Jersey Facility as additional ways to mitigate the effect of those tariffs. If our expectations regarding the effect of the currently applicable tariffs prove to be incorrect and we are unable to offset or mitigate the effects of those tariffs, our future operating results may be adversely affected.

Operational Risks

Our financial condition and results of operations have been and may continue to be adversely affected by health events such as the recent Coronavirus or COVID-19 outbreak.

Our business has been materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of the Coronavirus or COVID-19 and may in the future be materially and adversely affected by other epidemics and pandemic outbreaks. COVID-19, which has been declared by the World Health Organization to be a “pandemic,” has spread to many countries, including the United States, and has impacted and continues to impact domestic and worldwide economic activity. A public health epidemic or pandemic, including COVID-19, poses the risk that the Company or its employees, customers, suppliers and other business partners may be prevented from conducting business activities for an indefinite period of time, including due to shutdowns that may be requested or mandated by governmental authorities. Since being declared a “pandemic”, COVID-19 has interfered with our ability to meet with certain customers, has impacted and may continue to impact many of our customers and has disrupted and may continue to disrupt global supply chains. There are developments regarding the COVID-19 outbreak on a daily basis that may impact our customers, employees and business partners. As a result, it is not possible at this time to estimate the duration or the scope of the impact COVID-19 could have on the Company’s business. However, the continued spread of COVID-19 and actions taken by our customers, suppliers and business partners, actions we take to protect the health and welfare of our employees, and measures taken by governmental authorities in response to COVID-19 could disrupt our manufacturing activities, the shipment of our products, the supply chain and purchasing decisions of our customers. The Company experienced a significant reduction in sales as a result of the decreased business activities of our customers related to the COVID-19 outbreak, and although we have experienced some increases in customer orders of our products, it remains unclear when or whether our customers will resume their activities at a level where our sales to them will return to historical levels. In addition, disruption of the global supply chain has had and continues to have an adverse impact on our ability to meet the demands or our customers, and it is unclear when these supply chains issues will be resolved. These uncertainties may have a material adverse impact on our business.

An inability to reduce expenses or increase revenues may cause continued net losses.

We have had losses each year since 2010, with net loss of $2,920,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022. While management believes its ongoing efforts to increase revenues should, and its ongoing efforts and demonstrated progress in reducing expenses may create future profitability, there can be no assurance that these actions will be successful. Failure to increase revenues or ability to maintain or reduce expense levels could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, in order to address issues relating to our reduced sales and recent impacts in the predictability of global semiconductor supply chain as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have implemented operating expense cost reductions and may need to implement additional cost reductions in the near term. If necessary additional reductions cannot be implemented in a timely manner or prove to be insufficient in offsetting or significantly mitigating reduced revenues, our ability to continue to operate as a going concern may be materially adversely affected.

Inventory reserves for excess or obsolete inventories may adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

We continually analyze our excess or obsolete inventories. Based on historical and projected sales volumes and anticipated selling prices, we establish reserves. If we do not meet our sales expectations, these reserves are increased. Products that are determined to be obsolete are written down to net realizable value. Although we believe reserves are adequate and inventories are reflected at net realizable value, there can be no assurance that we will not have to record additional inventory reserves in the future. Significant increases to inventory reserves could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Any significant casualty to our facility in Old Bridge, New Jersey may cause a lengthy interruption to our business operations.

We primarily operate out of one manufacturing facility in Old Bridge, New Jersey (the “Old Bridge Facility”). While we maintain a limited amount of business interruption insurance, a casualty that results in a lengthy interruption of our ability to manufacture at, or otherwise use, the Old Bridge Facility could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our dependence on certain third-party suppliers could create an inability for us to obtain component products not otherwise available or to do so only at increased prices.

We purchase several products from sole suppliers for which alternative sources are not available. Our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected by:

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an inability to obtain sufficient quantities of these components;

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an inability to obtain sufficient quantities of these components within specific timeframes;

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our receipt of a significant number of defective components;

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an increase in component prices; or

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our inability to obtain lower component prices in response to competitive pressures on the pricing of our products.

In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the supply chain for many types of products and materials, particularly those being manufactured in China, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, Japan, and other countries where the outbreak has resulted in significant disruptions to ongoing business activities. Beginning in the second quarter of 2021 and continuing into the first quarter of 2023, the Company has experienced material disruption in our supply chain as it relates to the procurement of certain sole source and other multiple source components utilized in a material portion of a number of the Company’s product lines. We believe this disruption may continue beyond 2023. If these or any similar types of supply disruptions continue, it is possible that we will be unable to complete sales of any affected products to our customers on requested schedules.

Our manufacturing activities in the PRC, South Korea and Taiwan may subject us to the risks of unfavorable political, regulatory, legal and other developments in those countries.

Some of our products are manufactured and assembled in the PRC, South Korea and Taiwan under contractual and purchasing arrangements with businesses in those countries. Our future operations and earnings may be adversely affected by the risks related to, or any other problems arising from, having our products manufactured and assembled in these countries:

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political, economic and labor instability;

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changes in foreign or United States government laws and regulations, including exchange control regulations;

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infringement of our intellectual property rights; and

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difficulties in managing foreign manufacturing operations.

In addition, because the Company incurs certain expenses denominated in Renminbi (“RMB”) rather than U.S. Dollars in connection with contract manufacturing activities in the PRC, we may experience increased costs related to fluctuation in foreign currency exchange rates. Although these countries have modern industrial economies, their potential economic, political, legal and labor developments could entail uncertainties and risks. In the event of any changes that adversely affect our ability to manufacture in the PRC, South Korea and/or Taiwan, our business could suffer.

Shifting our operations between regions may entail considerable expense.

Over time we may shift additional portions of our manufacturing operations to outside third-party suppliers both within the US, North America, Europe, and/or Asian territories in order to maximize manufacturing and operational efficiency. This could result in reducing our domestic operations in the future, which in turn could entail significant one-time earnings charges to account for severance, equipment write-offs or write downs and moving expenses.

Any increase in governmental regulation of the markets that we serve, including the cable television system, MDU, lodging and institutional markets, may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

The telecommunications, cable television, fiber optic, MDU, lodging and institutional markets within the cable industry, which represents the vast majority of our business, while in some cases subject to certain FCC licensing requirements, is not presently burdened with extensive government regulations. It is possible, however, that regulations could be adopted in the future which impose burdensome restrictions on these markets resulting in, among other things, barriers to the entry of new competitors or limitations on capital expenditures. Any such regulations, if adopted, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Private cable system operation is not presently burdened with significant government regulation, other than, in some cases, certain FCC licensing and signal leakage requirements. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 deregulated many aspects of franchise cable system operation and opened the door to competition among cable operators and telephone companies in each of their respective industries. It is possible, however, that regulations could be adopted which would re-impose burdensome restrictions on franchise cable operators resulting in, among other things, the grant of exclusive rights or franchises within certain geographical areas. Any increased regulation of franchise cable could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Any increase in governmental environmental regulations or our inability or failure to comply with existing environmental regulations may cause an adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.

We are subject to a variety of federal, state and local governmental regulations related to the storage, use, discharge and disposal of toxic, volatile or otherwise hazardous chemicals used in our manufacturing processes. We do not anticipate material capital expenditures during 2023 for compliance with federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations. There can be no assurance, however, that changes in environmental regulations will not result in the need for additional capital expenditures or otherwise impose additional financial burdens on us. Further, such regulations could restrict our ability to expand our operations. Any failure by us to obtain required permits for, control the use of, or adequately restrict the discharge of, hazardous substances under present or future regulations could subject us to substantial liability or could cause our manufacturing operations to be suspended. Such liability or suspension of manufacturing operations could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Our business and operations could suffer in the event of security breaches.

Attempts by others to gain unauthorized access to information technology systems are becoming more sophisticated. Our systems are designed to detect security incidents and to prevent their recurrence, but, in some cases, we might be unaware of an incident or its magnitude and effects. While we have not identified any material incidents of unauthorized access to date, the theft, unauthorized use or publication of our intellectual property, confidential business or personal information could harm our competitive position, reduce the value of our investment in research and development and other strategic initiatives, damage our reputation or otherwise adversely affect our business. In addition, to the extent that any future security breach results in inappropriate disclosure of our employees’, licensees’, or customers’ confidential and /or personal information, we may incur liability or additional costs to remedy any damages caused by such breach. We could also be impacted by existing and proposed laws and regulations, as well as government policies and practices related to cybersecurity, privacy and data protection.

Macroeconomic Risks

Adverse changes in economic conditions could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our business and earnings are affected by general business, economic and financial markets conditions in the United States and elsewhere. We continue to operate in a challenging and uncertain economic environment, which has been exacerbated by the COVID-19 outbreak and related events. Any return to recessionary conditions or prolonged stagnant or deteriorating economic conditions, whether related to the COVID-19 outbreak or otherwise, could significantly affect the markets in which we do business, the demand for our products, the ability of our customers to make payments to us in a timely fashion or at all, our ability and the ability of our customers to obtain adequate financing to maintain operations and other potential events that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, our stock price could remain depressed or decrease if investors have concerns that our business, financial condition or results of operations will be negatively impacted by a worldwide economic downturn. Other uncertainties, including the potential effect of United States’ tariffs on imported steel and aluminum, which are important materials for the production of many of our products, could also have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, beginning in early 2022 our business began to experience inflationary price increases in certain of our components. Although to date we have been successful in passing on these increases to our customers, there can be no assurances that we will continue to be able to do so. The inability to pass on these or future component cost increases could have material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Human Capital Risks

Losing the services of our executive officers or our other highly qualified and experienced employees, or our inability to continue to attract and retain highly qualified and experienced employees, could adversely affect our business.

Our future success depends in large part on the continued service of our key executives and technical and management personnel. Our future success also depends on our ability to continue to attract and retain highly skilled engineering, manufacturing, marketing and managerial personnel. The competition for such personnel is intense, and the loss of key employees, in particular the principal members of our management and technical staff, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Delays or difficulties in negotiating a labor agreement or other difficulties in our relationship with our union employees may cause an adverse effect on our manufacturing and business operations.

All of our direct labor employees located at the Old Bridge, New Jersey facility are members of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Union, Local 2066 (the “Union”), under a collective bargaining agreement, which expires in February 2027. In connection with any renewal or renegotiation of the labor agreement upon its termination, there can be no assurance that work stoppages will not occur or that we will be able to agree upon terms for future agreements with the Union. Any work stoppages could have a material adverse effect on our business operations, results of operations and financial condition.

Other Risks

Additional issuances of shares of our common stock in the future could adversely affect the value or voting power of our outstanding common stock.

Over the past two years we have issued a substantial number of shares of common stock and other securities convertible into, or exercisable for, a substantial number of additional shares of common stock. Although we cannot predict whether the holders of our securities that are convertible into, or exercisable for, shares of our common stock will convert and/or exercise those securities, or in what amounts, the actual or anticipated issuances or sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the future could cause the value of our common stock to decline and make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and on terms that we deem appropriate. The issuance of any shares of our common stock in the future also would, and equity-related securities could, dilute the percentage ownership interest and voting power held by stockholders prior to such issuance. We have also entered arrangements with certain of our officers and our directors pursuant to which they have agreed to receive shares of our common stock in the future in lieu of current cash compensation. Although those arrangements help the Company preserve cash for operations, the issuances of the shares to those officers and directors also will have the effect of diluting the percentage ownership interest and voting power held by stockholders prior to such issuances.

Our organizational documents and Delaware state law contain provisions that could discourage or prevent a potential takeover or change in control of our company or prevent our stockholders from receiving a premium for their shares of our common stock.

Our board of directors has the authority to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of undesignated Preferred Stock, to determine the powers, preferences and rights and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions granted to or imposed upon any unissued series of undesignated Preferred Stock and to fix the number of shares constituting any series and the designation of such series, without any further vote or action by our stockholders. The Preferred Stock could be issued with voting, liquidation, dividend and other rights superior to the rights of the common stock. Furthermore, such Preferred Stock may have other rights, including economic rights, senior to the common stock, and as a result, the issuance of such stock could have a material adverse effect on the market value of the common stock. In addition, our Restated Certificate of Incorporation:

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eliminates the right of our stockholders to act without a meeting;

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does not provide cumulative voting for the election of directors;

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does not provide our stockholders with the right to call special meetings;

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provides for a classified board of directors; and

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imposes various procedural requirements which could make it difficult for our stockholders to effect certain corporate actions.

These provisions and the Board’s ability to issue Preferred Stock may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or offers from third parties to acquire the Company, preventing our stockholders from receiving a premium for their shares of our common stock, or delaying or preventing changes in control or management of the Company. We are also afforded the protection of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which could:

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delay or prevent a change in control of the Company;

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impede a merger, consolidation or other business combination involving us; or

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discourage a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of the Company.

Any of these provisions which may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of the Company, could have a material adverse effect on the market value of our common stock.

It is unlikely that we will pay dividends on our common stock.

We currently intend to retain all earnings to finance the growth of our business and therefore do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Moreover, the MidCap Agreement prohibits the payment of cash dividends by us on our common stock.

Our common stock is thinly traded and subject to volatility, which may adversely affect the market price for our common stock.

Although our common stock is currently traded on the OTCQB, it may at times be relatively illiquid, or “thinly traded,” which can increase share price volatility and make it difficult for investors to buy or sell shares in the public market without materially affecting the quoted share price. Investors may be unable to buy or sell a certain quantity of our shares in the public market within one or more trading days. If limited trading in our stock occurs, it may be difficult for holders to sell their shares in the public market at any given time at prevailing prices.

The prevailing market price of our common stock may fluctuate significantly in response to a number of factors, some of which are beyond our control, including the following:

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announcements of technological innovations or new products by us, our competitors or third parties;

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quarterly variations in our actual or anticipated results of operations;

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failure of revenues or earnings in any quarter to meet the investment community’s expectations;

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market conditions for cable industry stocks in general;

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broader market trends unrelated to our performance; and

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sales of significant amounts of our common stock by our officers and directors or the perception that such shares may occur.

The uncertainties we face relating to our liquidity and ability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations and to continue to operate our business as a going concern also contributes to the volatility of our stock price, and any investment in our common stock could suffer a significant decline or total loss in value. Furthermore, we may not be able to maintain compliance with the continued listing standards of the OTCQB or any other national securities exchange or over-the-counter market on which our common stock is then traded, which may also adversely affect the trading price of our common stock.

Our common stock has been thinly traded and we cannot predict the extent to which a trading market will develop.

Our common stock is quoted on the OTBQB-tier of OTC Markets. Our common stock is thinly-traded compared to larger more widely known companies. Thinly traded common stock can be more volatile than common stock trading in an active public market. We cannot predict the extent to which an active public market for our common stock will develop or be sustained.

Our common stock has a limited trading market, which could affect your ability to sell shares of our common stock and the price you may receive for our common stock.

Our common stock is currently traded in the over-the-counter market and “bid” and “asked” quotations regularly appear on OTC Markets under the symbol “BDRL”. There is only limited trading activity in our securities. We have a relatively small public float compared to the number of our shares outstanding. Accordingly, we cannot predict the extent to which investors’ interest in our common stock will provide an active and liquid trading market. Due to our limited public float, we may be vulnerable to investors taking a “short position” in our common stock, which would likely have a depressing effect on the price of our common stock and add increased volatility to our trading market. The volatility of the market for our common stock could have a materially adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. There cannot be any guarantee that an active trading market for our securities will develop or, if such a market does develop, will be sustained. Accordingly, investors must be able to bear the financial risk of losing their entire investment in our common stock.

Our common stock is quoted only on OTC Markets, which may have an unfavorable impact on our stock price and liquidity. In addition, our shareholders may experience substantial difficulty in locating a brokerage firm to deposit shares of our Company for sale into the public marketplace.

Our common stock is quoted on OTC Markets under the ticker symbol “BDRL”. OTC Markets is a significantly more limited market than the New York Stock Exchange or the NASDAQ Stock Market. The quotation of our shares on OTC Markets may result in a less liquid market available for existing and potential stockholders to trade shares of our common stock, could depress the trading price of our common stock, and could have a long-term adverse impact on our ability to raise capital in the future. Additionally, since we are a “penny stock” quoted over-the-counter and not on a national exchange, our shareholders may experience substantial difficulty in finding a brokerage firm willing to deposit our common stock into a brokerage account for sale into the public marketplace and/or the fees may be substantially higher for transactions involving our common stock compared to companies that are traded on a national exchange like the New York Stock Exchange or the NASDAQ Stock Market.

Because we are subject to the “penny stock” rules, the level of trading activity in our stock may be reduced.

Our common stock is traded on the OTC Markets. Broker-dealer practices in connection with transactions in “penny stocks” are regulated by certain penny stock rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Penny stocks, like shares of our common stock, generally are equity securities with a price of less than $5.00, other than securities registered on certain national securities exchanges or quoted on NASDAQ. The penny stock rules require a broker-dealer, prior to a transaction in a penny stock not otherwise exempt from the rules, to deliver a standardized risk disclosure document that provides information about penny stocks and the nature and level of risks in the penny stock market. The broker-dealer also must provide the customer with current bid and offer quotations for the penny stock, the compensation of the broker-dealer and its salesperson in the transaction, and, if the broker-dealer is the sole market maker, the broker-dealer must disclose this fact and the broker-dealer's presumed control over the market, and monthly account statements showing the market value of each penny stock held in the customer's account. In addition, broker-dealers who sell these securities to persons other than established customers and “accredited investors” must make a special written determination that the penny stock is a suitable investment for the purchaser and receive the purchaser's written agreement to the transaction. Consequently, these requirements may have the effect of reducing the level of trading activity, if any, in the secondary market for a security subject to the penny stock rules, and investors in our common stock may find it difficult to sell their shares.

Our share ownership is highly concentrated.

Our directors and officers beneficially own, or have the right to vote, in the aggregate, approximately 43% of our common stock and will continue to have significant influence over the outcome of all matters submitted to the stockholders for approval, including the election of our directors. In addition, certain of our directors and officers will have the right to acquire additional shares of our common stock upon exercise of conversion rights with respect to certain indebtedness that acquire additional shares of common stock upon exercise of conversion rights with respect to certain indebtedness that they hold. See Note 6-Subordinated Convertible Debt with Related Parties in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Our common stock has experienced and may continue to experience price and volume fluctuations, which could cause you to lose a significant portion of your investment.

Stock markets are subject to significant price and volume fluctuations that may be unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies, and accordingly the market price of our common stock may frequently and meaningfully change. The market prices and trading volume of our common stock have recently experienced, and may continue to experience, significant fluctuations, which could cause purchasers of our common stock to incur substantial losses. For example, during 2022 and through April 10, 2023, the closing market price of our common stock has fluctuated from a low of $0.12 per share on July 8, 2022 to a high of $0.70 on March 30, 2022 with an intraday high of $0.93 per share on March 1, 2022 and an intraday low of $0.10 per share on June 27, 2022. The last reported sale price of our common stock on the OTCQB on April 10, 2023 was $0.21 per share. The daily trading volume in shares of our common stock has also experienced significant fluctuation. During 2022 and through April 10, 2023, daily trading volume ranged from approximately 0 shares to 17,529,500 shares. We have not had any recent change in our financial condition or results of operations that we believe are consistent with recent fluctuations in our stock price or trading volume. Although we believe that the recent fluctuations in our stock price and trading volume reflect market and trading dynamics that appear to be unrelated to our underlying business, or to macro or industry fundamentals, we cannot be certain of the reasons for these fluctuations, nor can we predict how long these dynamics will last. These factors heighten the risk of an investment in our common stock, and the timing of your purchase of our common stock relative to fluctuations in its trading price may result in you losing all or a significant portion of your investment.

Significant fluctuations in the market price of our common stock may be the result of strong and substantially increased retail investor interest, including on social media and online forums. The market price and trading volume fluctuations and trading patterns we have experienced create several risks for investors, including the following:

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increases or decreases in the market price of our common stock may be unrelated to our operating performance or prospects, or macro or industry fundamentals, and inconsistent with the risks and uncertainties that we face;

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factors in the volume of trading our common stock and the price at which the stock trades may include retail investors’ sentiment (including opinions expressed on financial trading and other social media sites and online forums), the direct access of retail investors to broadly available trading platforms, the amount and status of short interest in our securities, access to margin debt, trading in options and other derivatives on our common stock and any related hedging and other trading factors; and

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based on the higher trading prices our shares have experienced recently, our market capitalization has recently reflected, and currently reflects, valuations that diverge significantly from those seen prior to these recent fluctuations, and to the extent these valuations reflect trading dynamics unrelated to our financial performance, prospects or the risks and uncertainties we face, purchasers of our common stock could incur substantial losses if there are declines in market prices driven by a return to earlier valuation levels.

We may continue to experience rapid and significant changes in our stock price and/or trading volume in the foreseeable future that may not coincide in timing with our disclosure of news or developments affecting us and our business. Accordingly, the market price of our shares of common stock may fluctuate dramatically, and may decline rapidly, regardless of any developments in our business. If the market price of our common stock declines and or trading volume is reduced, you may be unable to resell your shares at or above the price at which you acquired them.

There are also a variety of other factors, some of which are beyond our control, that could negatively affect the market price of our common stock or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our common stock, including:

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overall performance of the equity markets and the economy as a whole;

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actual or anticipated changes in our growth rate relative to that of our competitors;

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announcements of technological innovations or new products by us, our competitors or third parties;

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changes in the anticipated size or growth rate of our addressable markets;

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announcements of acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital-raising activities or commitments, by us or by our competitors;

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quarterly variations in our actual or anticipated results of operations;

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failure of revenues or earnings in any quarter to meet the investment community’s expectations;

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market conditions for telecommunications or cable industry stocks in general;

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new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to us or our customers;

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sales of significant amounts of our common stock by our officers and directors or the perception that such sales may occur;

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sales of significant amounts of our common stock by us or the perception that such sales may occur;

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health epidemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, influenza, and other highly communicable diseases; and

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other events or factors, including those resulting from war, incidents of terrorism (including cyberterrorism), or responses to these events

In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s stock, class action securities litigation has often been instituted against such companies. Litigation may arise out of facts and circumstances, or disclosure relating thereto, that we do not currently regard as material. Such volatility may entice stockholders to challenge our disclosure, whether or not they are correct. Any litigation, if instituted against us, could result in substantial costs and diversion of management’s attention and resources, which would interfere with our ability to execute our business plan and otherwise materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

The Company’s principal manufacturing, engineering, sales and administrative facilities consist of one building totaling approximately 130,000 square feet located on approximately 20 acres of land in Old Bridge, New Jersey (the “Old Bridge Facility”) which was owned but currently is leased by the Company. On February 1, 2019, the Company completed the sale of the Old Bridge Facility to Jake Brown Road, LLC (the “Buyer”). In addition, in connection with the completion of the sale, the Company and the Buyer (as landlord) entered into a lease (the “Lease”), pursuant to which the Company will continue to occupy, and continue to conduct its manufacturing, engineering, sales and administrative functions in the Old Bridge Facility.

The sale of the Old Bridge Facility was made pursuant to an Agreement of Sale dated as of August 3, 2018 (the “Initial Sale Agreement”), as amended by an Extension Letter Agreement dated as of September 20, 2018, the Second Amendment to Agreement of Sale dated as of October 8, 2018 and the Third Amendment to Agreement of Sale dated as of January 30, 2019 (the Initial Sale Agreement together with the Extension Letter Agreement, Second Amendment to Agreement of Sale and Third Amendment to Agreement of Sale, collectively, the “Sale Agreement”). Pursuant to the Sale Agreement, at closing, the Buyer paid the Company $10,500,000. In addition, at closing, the Company advanced to the Buyer the sum of $130,000, representing a preliminary estimate of the Company’s share (as a tenant of the Old Bridge Facility following closing) of property repairs, as contemplated by the Sale Agreement (the “Repair Escrow”). The Company recognized a gain of $7,175,000 in connection with the sale.

The Lease has an initial term of five years and allows the Company to extend the term for an additional five years following the initial term. The Company is obligated to pay base rent of approximately $922,000 in 2023, with the amount of the base rent adjusted for each subsequent year to equal 102.5% of the preceding year’s base rent.

The Company leases an engineering facility consisting of one building totaling approximately 1,141 square feet in Fort Wayne, Indiana. The lease for this facility expires in May 2023. The Company may extend the lease, find alternative space or let the lease expire. The total lease obligation for the Fort Wayne, Indiana facility will be approximately $5,000 during 2023.

Management believes that these facilities are adequate to support the Company’s anticipated needs in 2023.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The Company is a party to certain proceedings incidental to the ordinary course of its business, none of which, in the opinion of management, is likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Trading Market

The Company’s common stock has been traded on the OTCQB under the symbol “BDRL” since June 27, 2022. Any OTCQB market quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.

As of March 29, 2023, the Company had 58 holders of record of the common stock. Since a portion of the Company’s common stock is held in “street” or nominee name, the Company is unable to determine the exact number of beneficial holders.

Dividends

The Company currently anticipates that it will retain all of its earnings to finance the operation of its business, and therefore does not intend to pay dividends on its common stock in the foreseeable future. Since its initial public offering, the Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its common stock. Any determination to pay dividends in the future is at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors and will depend upon the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, limitations contained in loan agreements and such other factors as the Board of Directors deems relevant. The MidCap Agreement prohibits the payment of cash dividends by the Company on its common stock.

Share Repurchases

On July 24, 2002, the Company commenced a stock repurchase program to acquire up to $300,000 of its outstanding common stock (the “2002 Program”). On February 13, 2007, the Company announced a new stock repurchase program to acquire up to an additional 100,000 shares of its outstanding common stock (the “2007 Program”). As of December 31, 2022, the Company can purchase up to $72,000 of its common stock under the 2002 Program and up to 100,000 shares of its common stock under the 2007 Program. While the Company may, in its discretion, continue making purchases under the 2002 Program up to its limits, and thereafter to make purchases under the 2007 Program, no such purchases are currently anticipated. The MidCap Agreement currently prohibits the Company from repurchasing shares of its common stock, whether under the 2002 Program and the 2007 Program or otherwise. During 2022 and 2021, the Company did not purchase any of its common stock under the 2002 Program or the 2007 Program.

ITEM 6. [RESERVED]

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s historical results of operations and liquidity and capital resources should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of the Company and notes thereto appearing elsewhere herein. The following discussion and analysis also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. See “Forward Looking Statements” that precedes Item 1 above.

Overview

The Company was incorporated in November 1988, under the laws of Delaware as GPS Acquisition Corp. for the purpose of acquiring the business of Blonder-Tongue Laboratories, Inc., a New Jersey corporation, which was founded in 1950 by Ben H. Tongue and Isaac S. Blonder to design, manufacture and supply a line of electronics and systems equipment principally for the private cable industry. Following the acquisition, the Company changed its name to Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. The Company completed the initial public offering of its shares of common stock in December 1995.

Today, the Company is a technology-development and manufacturing company that delivers a wide range of products and services to the telecommunications, cable entertainment and media industry. For 70 years, Blonder Tongue/Drake products have been deployed in a long list of locations, including lodging/hospitality, multi-dwelling units/apartments, broadcast studios/networks, universities/schools, healthcare/hospitals, fitness centers, government facilities/offices, prisons, airports, sports stadiums/arenas, entertainment venues/casinos, retail stores, and small-medium businesses. These applications are variously described as small and medium sized businesses in commercial, institutional or enterprise environments, and will be referred to herein collectively as “SMB”. The customers we serve include business entities installing private video and data networks in these environments, whether they are the largest cable television operators, telco or satellite providers, integrators, architects, engineers or the next generation of Internet Protocol Television (“IPTV”) streaming video providers. The technology requirements of these markets change rapidly, and the Company’s research and development team is continually delivering high performance-lower cost solutions to meet customers’ needs.

The Company’s strategy is focused on providing a wide range of products to meet the needs of the SMB environments described above, including lodging/hospitality, multi-dwelling units/apartments, broadcast studios/networks, universities/schools, healthcare/hospitals, fitness centers, government facilities/offices, prisons, airports, sports stadiums/arenas, entertainment venues/casinos, retail stores, and small-medium businesses, and to provide offerings that are optimized for an operator’s existing infrastructure, as well as the operator’s future strategy. A key component of this growth strategy is to provide products that deliver the latest technologies (such as IPTV and digital 4K, UHD, HD and SD video content) and have a high performance-to-cost ratio.

In 2019, the Company initiated a consumer premise equipment (“CPE”) sales initiative. The products sold in 2019 comprise primarily Android-based IPTV set top boxes to the Tier 2 and Tier 3 cable and telecommunications service providers. Although this strategic initiative was designed to secure an in-home position with the Company’s product offerings, and direct relationships with a wide range of service providers, and increase sales of the Company’s Telecom and SMB products by the BT Premier Distributors to those same service providers, it was decided in 2021, to de-emphasize this strategy due to the low gross margin of this initiative and global semiconductor supply chain limitations. The CPE Product initiative achieved sales to over 75 different telco, municipal fiber and cable operators and accounted for approximately 0% and 7% of the Company’s 2022 and 2021 revenues, respectively, although its contribution to net income has not had a material impact on the Company’s performance.

Like many businesses throughout the United States and the world, the Company has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Because there are daily, weekly and monthly developments regarding the outbreak, we are continually assessing the current and anticipated future effects on our business, including how these developments are impacting or may impact our customers, employees and business partners. In our core SMB business, we have experienced a noticeable decline in sales. From March 2020 through Q3 of 2021 many of our customers significantly reduced their business operations. In our CPE business we have experienced a more substantial reduction in sales, again as a result of our customers’ significant decrease in their business activities coupled with expected supply chain constraints. During and since Q3 2021, the Company has seen our customers, in general, begin to recover their business operations at the same time as the Company began to see global disruptions in semiconductor supply chain, which is a major raw material component of the products the Company designs, manufactures and sells. With uncertainties surrounding the extent to which the COVID-19 outbreak will affect the economy generally, and our customers and business partners in particular, it is impossible for us to predict when conditions will improve to the point that we can reasonably forecast when our sales and product shipments might return to historical levels. Since 2019, we have taken steps to reduce and are currently taking additional steps to significantly reduce our expenses, including adjustments in our staffing (in the form of furloughs) and reductions in manufacturing activities, which we believe will improve our ability to continue our operations at current levels and meet our obligations to our customers.

The Company’s manufacturing is allocated primarily between its facility in Old Bridge, New Jersey (“Old Bridge Facility”) and key contract manufacturing located in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) as well as South Korea, Taiwan and Ohio. The Company currently manufactures most of its digital products, including the NXG product line and latest encoder, transcoder and EdgeQAM collections at the Old Bridge Facility. Since 2007 the Company has transitioned and continues to manufacture certain high-volume, labor intensive products, including many of the Company’s analog and other products, in the PRC, pursuant to manufacturing agreements that govern the production of products that may from time to time be the subject of purchase orders submitted by (and in the discretion of) the Company. Although the Company does not currently anticipate the transfer of any additional products to the PRC or other countries for manufacture, the Company may do so if business and market conditions make it advantageous to do so. Manufacturing products both at the Company’s Old Bridge Facility as well as in the PRC, South Korea, Taiwan and Ohio enables the Company to realize cost reductions while maintaining a competitive position and time-to-market advantage.

Results of Operations

For the year ended December 31, 2022 compared with year ended December 31, 2021, discussion is included below.

The following table sets forth, for the fiscal periods indicated, certain consolidated statement of earnings data as a percentage of net sales.

	Year Ended December 31,
	2022			2021
Net sales		100.0	%		100.0	%
Costs of goods sold		69.8			62.8
Gross profit		30.2			37.2
Selling expenses		11.0			15.6
General and administrative expenses		21.1			23.9
Research and development expenses		9.8			16.5
Loss from operations		(11.7	)		(18.8	)
Gain on debt forgiveness		0.0			11.2
Other income		0.0			11.5
Interest expense, net		4.4			3.3
Earnings (loss) before income taxes		(16.1	)		0.6
Provision for income taxes		0.0			0.1
Net earnings (loss)		(16.1	)		0.5

2022 Compared with 2021

Net Sales. Net sales increased $2,361,000 or 15% to $18,115,000 in 2022 from $15,754,000 in 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in encoder/decoder products, NXG products, DOCSIS data products and coax distribution products, offset by a decrease in sales of CPE products and analog modulation products. Sales of CPE products were $29,000 and $1,120,000, DOCSIS data products were $2,356,000 and $755,000, analog modulation products were $450,000 and $790,000, coax distribution products were $1,490,000 and $1,266,000, encoders/transcoders products were $9,140,000 and $7,863,000 and NXG products were $2,709,000 and $1,924,000 in 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company experienced a reduction in CPE products during 2022 due to the deemphasis of this product line, which the Company expects to continue into 2023. The Company experienced an increase in DOCSIS data products due to increased demand as we went into the post pandemic era as these products are used primarily in the hospitality and assisted-living environments. The Company experienced a reduction in analog modulation products due to the continued market shifting away from analog modulation solutions. The Company expects the sales of the analog modulation and coax distribution products to continue to decline in 2023. The Company experienced an increase in encoder/decoder products and NXG IP video signal processing products as these product lines represent newer products and newer technologies with higher demand from customers.

Cost of Goods Sold. Cost of goods sold increased to $12,652,000 in 2022 from $9,896,000 in 2021 and increased as a percentage of sales to 69.8% for 2022 from 62.8% for 2021. The dollar increase and the increase as a percentage of sales was primarily attributable to the increase in materials cost and the freight cost on materials.

Selling Expenses. Selling expenses decreased to $1,995,000 in 2022 from $2,459,000 in 2021 and decreased as a percentage of sales to 11% for 2022 from 15.6% for 2021. This $464,000 decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in salary expenses of $411,000 and a decrease in consulting expense of $60,000. The decrease as a percentage of sales was primarily attributable to the sales increase.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses increased to $3,821,000 in 2022 from $3,767,000 in 2021 and decreased as a percentage of sales to 21.1% for 2022 from 23.9% for 2021. This $54,000 increase was primarily the result of an increase in consulting fees of $165,000, an increase in salary expenses of $48,000, offset by a decrease in amortization expense of $157,000. The decrease as a percentage of sales was attributable to the overall increase in sales.

Research and Development Expense. Research and development expenses decreased to $1,778,000 in 2022 from $2,592,000 in 2021 and decreased as a percentage of sales to 9.8% in 2022 from 16.5% in 2021. This $814,000 decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in salaries and fringe benefits of $609,000 due to a decrease in head count, a decrease in supplies of $91,000, a decrease in rents of $24,000, and a decrease in amortization of licenses in the amount of $47,000.

Operating loss. Operating loss of $2,131,000 for 2022 represents an improvement from the operating loss of $2,960,000 for 2021. Operating loss as a percentage of sales decreased to 11.8% in 2022 from 18.8% in 2021 for the reasons discussed above.

Gain on debt forgiveness. Gain on debt forgiveness was $0 in 2022 versus $1,769,000 in 2021.

Other income. Other income decreased to $0 in 2022 from $1,804,000 in 2021. The decrease was the result of the Employee Retention Tax Credit accrued in 2021. At December 31, 2022, the Company is still owed $299,000 in ERTC funds which it expects to receive during the second quarter of 2023.

Interest expense net. Interest expense, net increased to $789,000 in 2022 from $514,000 in 2021. The increase was primarily the result of higher average borrowings and interest rates, including an increase of $10,000 of PIK interest.

Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes was $15,000 in both 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company records a full valuation allowance for net deferred tax assets that are no longer considered to be realizable. The significant negative evidence supporting the full valuation allowance includes an operating loss for the current year, a cumulative pre-tax loss for the three years ended December 31, 2022, the inability to carryback the net operating losses, limited future reversals of existing temporary differences and the limited availability of tax planning strategies. The Company expects to continue to provide a full valuation allowance until, or unless, it can sustain a level of profitability that demonstrates its ability to utilize these assets.

Inflation and Seasonality

Inflation and seasonality have not previously had a material impact on the results of operations of the Company. However, beginning in early 2022, the Company began to experience inflationary pressures related to the procurement of certain products used in its manufacturing process and expects these pressures to continue at least through the remainder of 2023. To date we have been successful in passing on cost increases to our customers and will continue to attempt to pass on increases to customers. However, there can be no assurances that the Company will continue to be able to do so. Fourth quarter sales in 2022 as compared to other quarters were slightly impacted by fewer production days. The Company expects sales each year in the fourth quarter to be impacted by fewer production days.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Unless we significantly improve revenue and significantly decrease operational expenses we do not believe our existing liquidity and cash flows from operations are adequate to fund our normal expected future business operations for the next 12 months. If our existing capital resources or cash flows become insufficient to meet current business plans, projections, and existing capital requirements, we may be required to raise additional funds, which may not be available on favorable terms, if at all. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, cash held in bank accounts and loan availability were $649,000 and $366,000, respectively. Our capital commitments over the next twelve months include (a) $3,583,000 to satisfy December 31, 2022 accounts payable, accrued expense and lease liabilities and (b) renegotiating an extension of the Subordinated Debt Agreements.

We do not believe that our current cash flows from operations would be adequate to fund our normal expected future operations for the long term unless we improve revenue and significantly decrease operational expenses. If our existing capital resources or cash flows become insufficient to meet anticipated business plans and existing capital requirements, we may be required to raise additional funds, which may not be available on favorable terms, if at all.

The Company’s working capital was $(189,000) and $1,618,000 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company’s net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $1,382,000, primarily due to an increase in receivables of $1,600,000, a decrease in lease liability of $718,000, a decrease in prepaid and other current assets of $253,000, offset by an increase in accounts payable accrued expenses and accrued compensation of $1,059,000 and non-cash adjustments used in operating activities of $2,153,000, compared to net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2021 of $1,167,000, primarily due to an increase in inventories of $791,000, a decrease in lease liability of $787,000, an increase in prepaid and other current assets of $554,000 offset by an increase in accounts payable accrued expenses and accrued compensation of $456,000 and non-cash adjustments used in operating activities of $416,000.

Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $55,000, which was attributable primarily to capital expenditures of $48,000 and the acquisition of licenses of $7,000. Cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2021 was $86,000, which was attributable primarily to capital expenditures of $31,000 and the acquisition of licenses of $55,000.

Cash provided by financing activities was $1,242,000 for the year ended December 31, 2022, comprised primarily of net borrowings of line of credit of $1,987,000, offset by repayments of debt of $67,000 and repayment of promissory notes of $678,000. Cash provided by financing activities was $1,458,000 for the year ended December 31, 2021, comprised primarily of borrowings under the subordinated convertible debt facility of $700,000, net borrowings of line of credit of $255,000, the net proceeds of stock issuances of $492,000, the proceeds of the exercise of stock options of $11,000 and the proceeds of the exercise of stock warrants of $61,000 offset by repayments of debt of $61,000.

For a full description of the Company’s senior secured indebtedness under the MidCap Facility and its effect upon the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations, see Note 5 - Debt of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company’s primary sources of liquidity have been its existing cash balances, cash generated from operations, amounts available under the MidCap Facility, amounts available under the Subordinated Loan Facility and cash generated from sales of its common stock, as well as funds made available to the Company through participation in several federal government financial assistance programs implemented pursuant to the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, including the Paycheck Protection Program and the Employee Retention Tax Credit. On a going-forward basis, the Company expects its primary sources of liquidity will be its existing cash balances, cash generated from operations and amounts available under the MidCap Facility. The Company also may seek to raise additional capital through the issuance of shares of common stock or other securities convertible into, or exercisable for, shares of common stock, although the Company cannot provide any assurances that this type of additional financing will be available on reasonable terms, or at all. The Company had approximately $570,000 and approximately $51,000 availability for borrowing under the MidCap Facility, as of December 31, 2022 and April 10, 2023, respectively.

As discussed in Item 2 - Properties, on February 1, 2019, the Company completed the sale of the Old Bridge Facility to Jake Brown Road, LLC (the “Buyer”). In addition, in connection with the completion of the sale, the Company and the Buyer (as landlord) entered into a lease (the “Lease”), pursuant to which the Company will continue to occupy, and continue to conduct its manufacturing, engineering, sales and administrative functions in the Old Bridge Facility.

The Lease has an initial term of five years and allows the Company to extend the term for an additional five years following the initial term. The Company was obligated to pay base rent of approximately $837,000 for the first year of the Lease, with the amount of the base rent adjusted for each subsequent year to equal 102.5% of the preceding year’s base rent. Without regard to any reduction in the Company’s lease expense derived from its sublease to a third party of the Sublease Space (defined below), for the first year of the Lease, the base rent of approximately $837,000.00 would offset, in part, the anticipated annualized saving of interest and depreciation expense of approximately $469,000 and the cash debt service of approximately $562,000. The Lease further provides for an initial security deposit in an amount equal to eight months of base rent, which could be reduced to not lower than three months of base rent, upon certain benchmarks being met during the Lease term. It was determined in the first quarter 2020 that the applicable benchmark relevant to the six-month period ended August 1, 2019 was met and as a result the landlord released a portion of the security deposit equal to one month’s base rent to the Company, leaving an aggregate security deposit held by the landlord, in an amount equal to seven months of base rent. Subsequently, the Company determined in the third quarter 2020 that the applicable benchmark relevant to the six-month period ended August 1, 2020 was met and as a result, the Company notified the landlord in writing that it would offset rent otherwise due on August 1, 2020 against the reimbursement of a portion of the security deposit equal to one month’s base rent, leaving an aggregate security deposit held by the landlord, in an amount equal to six months of base rent. The landlord expressed its disagreement with the Company’s interpretation of the lease and requested the provision of financial information to support the Company’s contention or in the alternative payment of the offset amount. Subsequently, no further actions or communications regarding the offset were made by the landlord and the Company thereafter, beginning with September 2020, resumed timely payments of its rental obligations under the Lease. In early 2021, the Company undertook an analysis of the common area maintenance charges being assessed under the Lease in an effort to reconcile those payments with the specific terms of the Lease. The Lease provides that this reconciliation is to be accomplished by the landlord annually, however this has not occurred. The Company’s analysis indicates that it may have been overcharged for common area maintenance expenses since the inception of the Lease and submitted supporting data to the landlord, requesting that the landlord review the submission against its records. The Company has also requested that the landlord release from escrow and return to the Company, the unexpended balance of the Repair Escrow. The landlord and the Company anticipated resolving the reconciliation of the common area maintenance charges and Repair Escrow release request during the month of February 2021 and with the prior oral approval of the landlord, the Company refrained from paying February 2021 rent, expecting that the reconciliation would be completed prior to the end of that month. Inasmuch as the disputed amounts, in the opinion of the Company, exceed three months’ rent and common area maintenance expenses, the Company refrained from the payment of base rent and common area maintenance charges for the months of February 2021 and March 2021, it being the expectation of the parties that these amounts will be credited against the amount finally determined to be reimbursed to the Company. Without prejudice to the Company’s positions regarding these matters, and without creating any inference that the Company agrees with any of the landlord’s claims or waiving any rights available to the Company under the Lease or otherwise, on May 5, 2021, the Company made payment to the landlord of $140,000, representing all amounts that the landlord then claimed were due. Notwithstanding the continuing disagreements with the landlord’s monthly payment demands, the Company is meeting these demands on a current basis, but continues to reserve its rights regarding the same. The Company has not recently held discussions with the landlord regarding the foregoing areas of disagreement, however its position regarding amounts due back to the Company has not changed. At the appropriate time, the Company anticipates engaging in further discussion of these matters with the landlord in an attempt to negotiate a resolution of these disagreements. The Company, however, cannot assure you that these matters will be resolved in a manner that is favorable to the Company or that litigation might not result if a negotiated resolution not forthcoming.

The landlord may, once during the lease term or any renewal thereof, require the Company to relocate to another facility made available by the landlord that meets the Company’s specifications for a replacement facility within a defined geographical area, by providing notice which confirms that all of the Company’s specifications for a replacement facility will be met, that all costs relating to such relocation will be paid by the landlord, and that security for the repayment of those relocation costs has been established. The Company will also be provided a six-month overlap period (the “Overlap Period”) during which the Company may operate in the Old Bridge Facility with rent therein being abated, but with rent being paid at the replacement facility, to mitigate interruptions of the Company’s on-going business while the move occurs. If the Company declines to be relocated to the facility proposed by the landlord, the Lease will terminate 18 months from the date of the landlord’s notice, but the Company will continue to be entitled to receive the same benefits in terms of reimbursement of its relocation costs and an Overlap Period during which no rent will be due at the Old Bridge Facility, while the Company moves its operations to an alternative facility that it has identified.

On December 31, 2019, the Company entered into a two-year sublease to a third party for 32,500 square feet of the Old Bridge Facility (the “Sublease Space”) which commenced on March 1, 2020, the rental proceeds from which inure to the benefit of the Company. The sublease also provides for a one-year renewal option, which was exercised in January 2022. The sublease provides rental income approximately $284,000 in the first year, approximately $293,000 in the second year and approximately $301,000 in the third year of the sublease.

In connection with the fulfillment of certain of the Company’s purchase orders, the Company was financing expediting fees charged in connection with the purchase orders by delivering a promissory note (the “Note”) to the supplier of the goods, in the principal amount of approximately $630,000. The Note was unsecured and has an interest rate of 12% per annum. The Company was obligated to repay the principal balance of the note beginning in September 2021 and continuing thereafter for an additional five consecutive monthly installments on the 15^th day of each successive calendar month, as follows: September 2021, $100,000, October 2021, $100,000, November 2021, $100,000, December 2021, $100,000, January 2022, $100,000 and February 2022, $140,000. Accrued interest was paid concurrently with each principal installment. The note was satisfied in March 2022.

During 2021, the Company continued to experience a decline in sales, a loss from operations and net cash used in operating activities, in conjunction with liquidity constraints. These factors raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Accordingly, there still exists substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability of the recorded assets or the classification of the liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

While management of the Company believes that the Company will be successful in its planned operating activities, there can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in generating sufficient revenues and reduced expenses to sustain the operations of the Company. If anticipated operating results are not achieved and/or the Company is unable to obtain additional financing, it may be required to take additional measures to reduce costs in order to conserve its cash in amounts sufficient to sustain operations and meet its obligations, which measures could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to achieve its intended business objectives and may be insufficient to enable the Company to continue as a going concern for at least twelve months from the date these financial statements are made available to be issued.

Beginning in the middle of 2019, the Company experienced a significant decline in its net sales of core or legacy products, which while not recovering to historical norms, stabilized during the early part of the first quarter of 2020. Beginning in February 2020, however, as the prospects of an ever-worsening outbreak of COVID-19 took hold, the Company began to experience adverse impacts to revenues across all of its product lines. Sales of the Company’s products did not return to historical norms during 2021 or 2022. The Company still does not anticipate that sales will recover to historical norms during 2023, due primarily to supply chain shortages impacting the Company’s ability to source raw materials used in the manufacturing process. In light of these developments and as detailed below, the Company has taken significant steps during the past year, implemented in several phases, in order to manage operations through what has been a period of diminished sales levels.

As part of its efforts to improve liquidity and provide operating capital, on April 7, 2020, the Company entered into a certain Consent and Amendment (the “MidCap First Amendment”) to Loan Agreement and Loan Documents with Midcap (the “MidCap Loan Agreement”), which amended the MidCap Facility to, among other things, remove the existing $400,000 availability block, subject to the same being re-imposed at the rate of approximately $7,000 per month commencing June 1, 2020. The operative provisions relating to the removal of the availability block under the MidCap First Amendment became effective on April 8, 2020, following the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by the Subordinated Loan Facility (defined below).

On April 5, 2022, the Company entered into a Ninth Amendment to the MidCap Loan Agreement (the “MidCap Ninth Amendment”). Among other things, the amendment modified the MidCap Loan Agreement’s definition of “Borrowing Base” so as to provide for an over-advance facility (the “2022 Over-Advance Facility”) in an aggregate amount of up to $1,000,000. MidCap’s agreement to enter into the MidCap Ninth Amendment was conditioned, in part, on the entry into a participation agreement between MidCap and Robert J. Palle, a Director, and an affiliate of Mr. Palle (the “Palle Parties”). The terms of the MidCap Ninth Amendment and the participation agreement contemplate that any advances made by Midcap pursuant to the 2022 Over-Advance Facility would be funded by the Palle Parties under the participation agreement. Advances under the 2022 Over-Advance Facility are subject to the discretion of MidCap and the Palle Parties. On April 5, 2022, pursuant to the 2022 Over-Advance Facility and the participation agreement, the Palle Parties funded an initial advance of $200,000 that was provided to the Company. From April 5, 2022 to December 23, 2022, a total of $975,000 was made by Midcap to the Company, which was funded by the Palle Parties. Further advances may be made to the Company upon its request, subject to the discretion of MidCap and the Palle Parties, in minimum amounts of not less than $100,000 per tranche, unless a lesser amount is agreed to by the parties. The amount advanced in each tranche will bear an interest rate of 1% per month.

On May 5, 2022, the Company entered into a Tenth Amendment to MidCap Loan Agreement (the “MidCap Tenth Amendment”), to, among other things, modify the MidCap Loan Agreement’s definition of “Minimum EBITDA Covenant Trigger Event.” The MidCap Tenth Amendment amends the definition, retroactive to and as of January 1, 2022. All other substantive terms of the MidCap Loan Agreement continue in full force and effect.

On June 14, 2022, the Company entered into an Eleventh Amendment to MidCap Loan Agreement (the “MidCap Eleventh Amendment”), to, among other things, (i) modify the MidCap Loan Agreement’s definition of “Borrowing Base” to extend the Company’s WIP advance and the amortization of the Company’s overadvance facility until July 1, 2022, and (ii) delete in its entirety from the MidCap Loan Agreement the Company’s minimum EBITDA covenant. All other substantive terms of the Loan Agreement continue in full force and effect.

On July 1, 2022, the Company entered into a Twelfth Amendment to MidCap Loan Agreement (the “Twelfth Amendment”), to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement’s definition of “Borrowing Base” to extend the Company’s WIP advance and the amortization of the Company’s overadvance facility until July 15, 2022. All other substantive terms of the Loan Agreement continue in full force and effect.

On October 25, 2022, the Company entered into a Thirteenth Amendment to MidCap Loan Agreement (the “Thirteenth Amendment”), to, among other things, extend the expiration date of the Loan Agreement to October 28, 2022.

On October 28, 2022, the Company entered into a Fourteenth Amendment to MidCap Loan Agreement (the “Fourteenth Amendment”), to, among other things, extend the expiration date of the Loan Agreement to June 30, 2023, modify the definition of “Borrowing Base” to extend the Company’s WIP advance and the amortization of the Company’s overadvance facility until December 1, 2022 and increase the 2022 overadvance facility to $1,500,000. As of April 4, 2023 a total of $1,175,000 was made by MidCap to the Company, which was funded by the Palle Parties. All other substantive terms of the Loan Agreement continue in full force and effect.

On April 8, 2020, the Company, as borrower, together with Livewire Ventures, LLC (wholly owned by the Company’s former Chief Executive Officer, Edward R. Grauch), MidAtlantic IRA, LLC FBO Steven L. Shea IRA (an IRA account for the benefit of the Company’s Chairman of the Board, Steven Shea), Carol M. Pallé and Robert J. Pallé, Anthony J. Bruno, and Stephen K. Necessary, as lenders (collectively, the “Initial Lenders”) and Robert J. Pallé, as Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “Agent”) entered into a certain Senior Subordinated Convertible Loan and Security Agreement (the “Subordinated Loan Agreement”), pursuant to which the lenders from time to time party thereto may provide up to $1,500,000 of loans to the Company (the “Subordinated Loan Facility”). Interest accrues on the outstanding amounts advanced under the Subordinated Loan Facility at the rate of 12% per annum, compounded and payable monthly, in-kind, by the automatic increase of the principal amount of the loan on each monthly interest payment date, by the amount of the accrued interest payable at that time (“PIK Interest”); provided, however, that at the option of the Company, it may pay interest in cash on any interest payment date, in lieu of PIK Interest.

On April 8, 2020, the Initial Lenders agreed to provide the Company with a Tranche A term loan facility of $800,000, of which $600,000 was advanced to the Company on April 8, 2020, $100,000 was advanced to the Company on April 17, 2020 and $100,000 was advanced to the Company on January 12, 2021. The Initial Lenders participating in the Tranche A term loan facility have the option of converting the principal balance of the loan held by each of them, in whole (unless otherwise agreed by the Company), into shares of the Company’s common stock, at a conversion price equal to the volume weighted average price of the common stock as reported by the NYSE American, during the five trading days preceding April 8, 2020 (the “Tranche A Conversion Price”) which was calculated at $0.593. The conversion right was subject to stockholder approval as required by the rules of the NYSE American, and was obtained on June 11, 2020 at the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders.

On April 24, 2020, the Company, the Initial Lenders and Ronald V. Alterio (the Company’s Senior Vice President-Engineering, Chief Technology Officer) and certain additional unaffiliated investors (the “Additional Lenders,” and, together with the Initial Lenders, the “Lenders”) entered into the First Amendment to Senior Subordinated Convertible Loan and Security Agreement and Joinder (the “Amendment”). The Amendment provides for the funding of $200,000 of additional loans as a Tranche B term loan under the Subordinated Loan Facility established under the Subordinated Loan Agreement, with such loans being provided by the Additional Lenders. The Amendment also sets the conversion price of $0.55 (the “Tranche B Conversion Price”) with respect to the right of the Additional Lenders to convert the accreted principal balance of the loans held by each of them into shares of the Company’s common stock. The terms and conditions of the conversion rights applicable to the Initial Lenders and the Additional Lenders are otherwise identical in all material respects, including the terms restricting conversion to an aggregate amount of shares of common stock that would not result in the Company’s non-compliance with NYSE American rules requiring stockholder approval of issuances or potential issuances of shares in excess of the percentage limits specified therein or in an amount that may be deemed to constitute a change of control under such rules. These restrictions terminated as the requisite stockholder approval was obtained on June 11, 2020 at the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders.

On April 10, 2020, the Company received loan proceeds of approximately $1,769,000 (“PPP Loan”) under the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”). The PPP, established as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), provided for loans to qualifying businesses for amounts up to 2.5 times the average monthly payroll expenses of the qualifying business. The PPP Loan and accrued interest are forgivable after twenty-four weeks (the “Covered Period”) as long as the borrower uses the loan proceeds for eligible purposes, including payroll, benefits, rent and utilities, and maintains its payroll levels. The amount of loan forgiveness would be reduced if the borrower terminated employees or reduced salaries during the eight-week period.

The PPP Loan was evidenced by a promissory note, dated as of April 5, 2020 (the “Note”), between the Company, as Borrower, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Lender (the “Lender”). The interest rate on the Note was 0.98% per annum, with interest accruing on the unpaid principal balance computed on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed in a year of 360 days. No payments of principal or interest were due during the ten-month period beginning after the Covered Period (the “Deferral Period”).

On June 22, 2021, the Company applied to the SBA for full forgiveness of the PPP Loan. On June 30, 2021, the Company received notification that the forgiveness was granted. The Company recorded the $1,769,000 forgiveness as a gain on debt forgiveness during the year ended December 31, 2021.

On October 29, 2020, the unaffiliated Additional Investors as described in Note 6, submitted irrevocable notices of conversion under the Tranche B Term Loan. As a result, approximately $175,000 of original principal and $11,000 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche B Term Loan were converted into 338,272 shares of Company common stock in full satisfaction of the underlying indebtedness.

On December 14, 2020, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain accredited investors (the “Purchasers”) for the sale and issuance by the Company to the Purchasers of (i) an aggregate of 1,429,000 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock and (ii) warrants (the “Purchaser Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate of up to 714,000 shares of common stock (the “Purchaser Warrant Shares”), for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of $1,000, before deducting placement agent fees and offering expenses payable by the Company. The Company also agreed to issue to the placement agents and certain persons affiliated with the placement agents, as additional compensation, (a) fully-vested warrants (the “Placement Agent Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate of up to 100,000 shares (the “Placement Agent Warrant Shares”) of common stock and (b) contingent warrants (the “Placement Agent Contingent Warrants”) to purchase an aggregate of up to an additional 50,000 shares (the “Placement Agent Contingent Warrant Shares”) of common stock. The transaction closed on December 15, 2020.

The Purchase Agreement also includes terms that give the Purchasers certain price protections, providing for adjustments of the number of shares of common stock held by them in the event of certain future dilutive securities issuances by the Company for a period not to exceed 18 months following the closing of the private placement, or such earlier date on which all of the Purchaser Warrants have been exercised. In addition, the Purchase Agreement provides the Purchasers with a right to participate in certain future Company financings, up to 30% of the amount of such financings, for a period of 24 months following the closing of the private placement. The Purchase Agreement also required the Company to register the resale of the Shares and the Purchaser Warrant Shares pursuant to the terms of a Registration Rights Agreement between the Company and the Purchasers, dated as of December 14, 2020, as further described below. The Company filed a registration statement with the SEC on January 14, 2021 to register the resale of the Shares and the Purchaser Warrant Shares, which registration statement was declared effective by the SEC on January 21, 2021.

The Purchaser Warrants have an exercise price of $1.25 per share, are exercisable beginning on December 15, 2020, and have a term of three years. The exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of each Purchaser Warrant is subject to appropriate adjustments in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common stock. The fair value of the Purchaser Warrants is $643,000.

In certain circumstances, upon the occurrence of a fundamental transaction, a holder of Purchaser Warrants is entitled to receive, upon any subsequent exercise of the Purchaser Warrant, for each Purchaser Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise of the Purchaser Warrant immediately prior to the fundamental transaction, at the option of the holder, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration receivable as a result of the fundamental transaction by a holder of the number of shares of common stock of the Company for which the Purchaser Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to the fundamental transaction. If holders of the Company’s common stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a fundamental transaction, then the Holder shall be given the choice as to the additional consideration it receives upon any exercise of the Purchaser Warrant following the fundamental transaction.

The Placement Agent Warrants have an exercise price of $0.70 per share, a term of five years from December 14, 2020, and became exercisable upon the Company obtaining the stockholder approval described above. The exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of each Placement Agent Warrant is subject to appropriate adjustments in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common stock. The Placement Agent Warrants also provide the holders with certain “piggyback” registration rights, permitting the holders to request that the Company include the Placement Agent Warrant Shares for sale in certain registration statements filed by the Company. The fair value of the Placement Agent Warrants is $121,000. During June and July 2021, the Company received approximately $61,000 as 87,500 of Placement Agent Warrants were exercised.

The Placement Agent Contingent Warrants have an exercise price of $1.25 per share, a term of five years from December 14, 2020, and become exercisable if, and to the extent, holders of the Purchaser Warrants exercise such Purchaser Warrants. In no event, however, will the Placement Agent Contingent Warrants become exercisable unless and until Stockholder Approval has been obtained. The exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of each Placement Agent Contingent Warrant is subject to appropriate adjustments in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common stock. The Placement Agent Contingent Warrants also provide the holders with certain “piggyback” registration rights, permitting the holders to request that the Company include the Placement Agent Contingent Warrant Shares for sale in certain registration statements filed by the Company. The fair value of the Placement Agent Contingent Warrants is $56,000.

Both the Purchase Agreement and the Subordinated Loan Agreement (as amended by the LSA Third Amendment) obligated the Company to call a special meeting of its stockholders to seek stockholder approval of the issuance of shares of its common stock issuable in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Securities Purchase Agreement and the LSA Third Amendment, in excess of 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock, in accordance with the requirements of Section 713(a) of the NYSE American Company Guide. Stockholder approval of the foregoing was obtained on March 4, 2021. As the stock price was $1.31 on March 4, 2021, the Company recorded a discount of $186,000 relating to the difference in stock price due to the beneficial conversion feature.

The obligations of the Company under the Subordinated Loan Agreement are guaranteed by Drake and are secured by substantially all of the Company’s and Drake’s assets. The Subordinated Loan Agreement has a maturity date three years from the date of closing, at which time the accreted principal balance of the loan (by virtue of the PIK Interest) plus any other accrued unpaid interest, would be due and payable in full. In connection with the Subordinated Loan Agreement, the Company, Drake, the Lenders and MidCap entered into a Subordination Agreement (the “Subordination Agreement”), pursuant to which the rights of the Lenders under the Subordinated Loan Agreement were subordinated to the rights of MidCap under the MidCap Agreement and related security documents. The Subordination Agreement precludes the Company from making cash payments of interest in lieu of PIK Interest, in the absence of the prior written consent of MidCap or unless the Company is able to meet certain predefined conditions precedent to the making of any such payments of interest (or principal), as more fully described in the Subordination Agreement.

On March 15, 2021, one of the Tranche C Parties submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche C Loans. As a result, $100,000 of original principal and $1,000 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche C Loans were converted into 100,987 shares of Company common stock in partial satisfaction of the indebtedness to that Tranche C Party.

On April 6, 2021, the same Tranche C Party submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche C Loans. As a result, $50,000 of original principal and $1,000 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche C Loans were converted into 51,260 shares of Company common stock in partial satisfaction of the indebtedness to that Tranche C Party.

On May 24, 2021, the same Tranche C Party submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche C Loans. As a result, $50,000 of original principal and $2,000 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche C Loans were converted into 52,277 shares of Company common stock in complete satisfaction of their indebtedness.

On January 21, 2022, one of the Tranche A Parties submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche A Loans. As a result, $50,000 of original principal and $12,000 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche A Loans were converted into 104,399 shares of Company common stock in complete satisfaction of their indebtedness.

On August 16, 2021, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Roth Capital Partners, LLC (the “Agent”). In accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement, the Company may offer and sell from time to time through the Agent shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to $400,000. From August 16, 2021 through September 30, 2021, the Company sold an aggregate of 38,388 shares under the Sales Agreement at prices ranging from $1.1053 to $1.1390 per share, for aggregate proceeds, net of sales commissions, of approximately $41,000.

On August 23, 2021, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with an institutional investor providing for the sale by the Company to the investor of 200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at a purchase price of $1.08 per share, resulting in aggregate proceeds to the Company of $216,000. The shares were offered and sold pursuant to the Company’s effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3. The Company’s sale of the Shares pursuant to the Purchase Agreement will have the effect of reducing the amount of shares that may be sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement from $400,000 to $184,000. Taking into account sales of common stock pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement and sales of common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement to date, the amount available to be sold under the Sales Agreement is currently $143,000.

For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company accrued payroll tax credits of $1,804,000 through the Employee Retention Tax Credit program (“ERTC”). The amount was recorded as other income and included in prepaid and other current assets as of the applicable quarter end date. The Company received $577,000 of the first quarter of 2021 ERTC in April, $115,000 towards Q2 in July, $181,000 towards Q3 in August, $219,000 towards Q3 in October and $195,000 towards Q3 in November. The ERTC was initially established as part of the CARES Act of 2020 and subsequently amended by the Consolidated Appropriation Act (“CAA”) of 2021 and the American Rescue Plan Act (“ARPA”) of 2021. The CAA and ARPA amendments to the ERTC program provide eligible employers with a tax credit in an amount equal to 70% of qualified wages (including certain health care expenses) that eligible employers pay their employees after January 1, 2021 through September 30, 2021. The maximum amount of qualified wages taken into account with respect to each employee for each calendar quarter is $10,000, so that the maximum credit that an eligible employer may claim for qualified wages paid to any employee is $7,000 per quarter. For purposes of the amended ERTC, an eligible employer is defined as having experienced a significant (20% or more) decline in gross receipts during each 2021 calendar quarter when compared with the same quarter in 2019. The credit is taken against the Company’s share of Social Security Tax when the Company’s payroll provider files the applicable quarterly tax filings on Form 941. At December 31, 2021, the Company is still owed $517,000 in ERTC funds of which the Company received $217,000 in the second and third quarters of 2022. At December 31, 2022 the Company is still owed $299,000 in ERTC funds.

In other efforts to alleviate the liquidity pressures and reposition the Company to generate positive cash flow at a lower level of net sales, since August 2019, the Company has implemented a multi-phase cost-reduction program which reduced cash expenses since 2019, providing annual savings of approximately $3,475,000 per year. Although the Company believes it has made and will continue to make progress under these programs and the funding provided under the Subordinated Loan Agreement and available as a result of the release of the availability block under the MidCap Facility, the Company operates in a rapidly evolving and often unpredictable business environment that may change the timing or amount of expected future cash receipts and expenditures. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that our planned improvements will be successful.

In addition, the COVID-19 outbreak has affected the supply chain for many types of products and materials, particularly those being manufactured in China and other countries where the outbreak has resulted in significant disruptions to ongoing business activities. Beginning in the second quarter of 2021 and continuing into the first quarter of 2023, we experienced a material disruption in our supply chain as it relates to the procurement of certain sole source and other multiple source components utilized in a material portion of several product lines. We believe this disruption may continue beyond 2023. If these or any similar types of supply disruptions continue, it is possible that we will be unable to complete sales of any affected products to our customers on requested schedules.

The Company has reacted to these unprecedented circumstances, as many enterprises have had to do over the course of the pandemic, with a range of actions designed to compensate for anticipated temporary revenue shortfalls, manage the Company’s working capital and minimize the overall financial impact of this disruption, including implementation of exceptional short-term operating expense reductions, such as temporary manufacturing shut-downs and employee furloughs.

The Company expects to use cash generated from operations to meet its long-term debt obligations. The Company also expects to make financed and unfinanced long-term capital expenditures from time to time in the ordinary course of business, which capital expenditures were $48,000 and $31,000 in the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company expects to use cash generated from operations, amounts available under the MidCap Facility, amounts available under the Subordinated Loan Facility, and purchase-money financing to meet any anticipated long-term capital expenditures.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The Company prepares its financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Preparing financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The following paragraphs include a discussion of some critical areas where estimates are required. You should also review Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of significant accounting policies.

Inventory and Obsolescence

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined by the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method, or net realizable value.

The Company periodically analyzes anticipated product sales based on historical results, current backlog and marketing plans. Based on these analyses, the Company anticipates that certain products will not be sold during the next twelve months. Inventories that are not anticipated to be sold in the next twelve months, have been classified as non-current.

The Company continually analyzes its slow-moving and excess inventories. Based on historical and projected sales volumes and anticipated selling prices, the Company establishes reserves. Inventory that is in excess of current and projected use is reduced by an allowance to a level that approximates its estimate of future demand. Products that are determined to be obsolete are written down to net realizable value.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal trade terms. The Company sells its products primarily to distributors and private cable operators. The Company performs continuing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and although the Company generally does not require collateral, letters of credit may be required from its customers in certain circumstances.

Senior management reviews accounts receivable on a monthly basis to determine if any receivables will potentially be uncollectible. The Company includes any accounts receivable balances that are determined to be uncollectible, along with a general reserve based on historical experience, in its overall allowance for doubtful accounts.

Long-Lived Assets

The Company continually monitors events and changes in circumstances that could indicate carrying amounts of the long-lived assets, including intangible assets may not be recoverable. When such events or changes in circumstances occur, the Company assesses recoverability by determining whether the carrying value of such assets will be recovered through the undiscounted expected future cash flows. If the future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount of these assets, an impairment loss is recognized based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets. The Company did not recognize any intangible asset impairment charges in 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Valuation of Deferred Tax Assets

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of the FASB ASC Topic 740 “Income Taxes”. Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences in the recognition of certain income and expenses for financial and tax reporting purposes. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Not applicable to smaller reporting companies.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Incorporated by reference from the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto of the Company, which are attached hereto beginning on page F-1.

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

Not applicable.

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company maintains a system of disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed or submitted pursuant to Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. The Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at December 31, 2022.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.

The Company’s management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022. In making this assessment, it used the 2013 criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework. Based on this assessment the Company believes that, as of December 31, 2022 the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s registered public accounting firm pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission for Smaller Reporting Companies that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the quarter ended December 31, 2022, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information relating to our Board of Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance required by this item is incorporated by reference to our 2023 proxy statement, to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end (December 31, 2022) and such information is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Information about director and executive officer compensation is incorporated by reference from the discussion under the headings “Directors’ Compensation” and “Executive Compensation” in the Company’s proxy statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end (December 31, 2022).

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Information about security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management is incorporated by reference from the discussion under the heading “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in the Company’s proxy statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end (December 31, 2022).

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Information about certain relationships and transactions with related parties is incorporated by reference from the discussion under the heading “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” in the Company’s proxy statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Information about the independence of each director or nominee for director of the Company during 2022 is incorporated by reference from the discussion under the heading “Corporate Governance and Board Matters” in the Company’s proxy statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed within 120 days of our fiscal year end (December 31, 2022).

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Information about procedures related to the engagement of the independent registered public accountants and fees and services paid to the independent registered public accountants is incorporated by reference from the discussion under the headings “Audit and Other Fees Paid to Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” and “Pre-Approval Policy for Services by Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in the Company’s proxy statement for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

PART IV

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)(1)

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB No. 688)		F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021		F-3

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021		F-4

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021		F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021		F-6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements		F-7

(a)(2)

Financial Statement Schedules.

All schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission are not required under the applicable instructions or are inapplicable and therefore have been omitted.

(a)(3)

Exhibits.

The exhibits are listed in the Index to Exhibits appearing below and are filed herewith or are incorporated by reference to exhibits previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

(b)

Index to Exhibits:

Exhibit No.	Description	Location
3.1	Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-98070, originally filed October 12, 1995, as amended.

3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 23, 2018.

3.3	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 20, 2018.

4.1	Specimen of stock certificate.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to Registrant’s S-1 Registration Statement No. 33-98070, filed October 12, 1995, as amended.

4.2	Description of Securities.	Filed herewith.

Exhibit No.	Description	Location
4.3	Form of Purchaser Common Stock Purchase Warrant.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 16, 2020.

4.4	Form of Placement Agent Common Stock Purchase Warrant.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 16, 2020.

4.5	Form of Placement Agent Contingent Common Stock Purchase Warrant.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 16, 2020.

4.6	Warrant to VFT Special Ventures, Ltd.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.2 to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed January 14, 2021.

4.7	Form of Placement Agent Common Stock Purchase Warrant.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 1, 2021.

10.1	Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into by Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. in favor of each of its Directors and Officers.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed August 14, 2013.

10.2	Bargaining Unit Pension Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.9 to Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ending December 31, 2013, filed March 31, 2014.

10.3*	Executive Officer Bonus Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 1997, filed May 13, 1997.

10.4*	Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. 2005 Employee Equity Incentive Plan, as amended and restated.	Incorporated by reference from Appendix A to Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, filed April 21, 2014.

10.5*	Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. 2005 Director Equity Incentive Plan, as amended and restated.	Incorporated by reference from Appendix B to Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2014 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, filed April 21, 2014.

10.6*	Form of Option Agreement under the 2005 Employee Equity Incentive Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending June 30, 2005, filed August 15, 2005.

10.7*	Form of Option Agreement under the 2005 Director Equity Incentive Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.24 to Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ending December 31, 2007, filed March 31, 2008.

Exhibit No.	Description	Location
10.8*	Form of Option Agreement under the 2005 Employee Equity Incentive Plan, as amended November 3, 2010.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.18 to Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ending December 31, 2010, filed March 21, 2011.

10.9*	Form of Option Agreement under the 2005 Director Equity Incentive Plan, as amended November 3, 2010.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.19 to Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ending December 31, 2010, filed March 21, 2011.

10.10*	Form of Option Agreement under the 2005 Employee Equity Incentive Plan, as amended May 18, 2011.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 20, 2011.

10.11*	Form of Option Agreement under the 2005 Director Equity Incentive Plan, as amended May 18, 2011.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.2 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 20, 2011.

10.12*	Form of Option Agreement under the 2005 Employee Equity Incentive Plan, as amended and restated.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending June 30, 2014, filed August 14, 2014.

10.13*	Form of Option Agreement under the 2005 Director Equity Incentive Plan, as amended and restated.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.5 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending June 30, 2014, filed August 14, 2014.

10.14*	Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. Executive Stock Purchase Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 20, 2014.

10.15*	Director Stock Purchase Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 23, 2015.

10.16*	Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. 2016 Employee Equity Incentive Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.3 to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, filed August 25, 2016.

10.17*	Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. 2016 Director Equity Incentive Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.4 to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8, filed August 25, 2016.

10.18	Agreement of Sale dated August 3, 2018 between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. and Jake Brown Rd LLC.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 6, 2018.

10.19*	Letter Agreement between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. and Ronald V. Alterio.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2018, filed November 14, 2018.

10.20	Sale Agreement Extension dated as of September 20, 2018, between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. and Jake Brown Rd LLC.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 21, 2018.

Exhibit No.	Description	Location
10.21	Second Amendment to Agreement of Sale dated October 8, 2018.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s amended Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 9, 2018.

10.22*	Letter Agreement between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. and Edward R. Grauch.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 30, 2018.

10.23	Third Amendment to Agreement of Sale dated January 30, 2019.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed January 31, 2019.

10.24	Loan and Security Agreement dated as of October 25, 2019 by and between MidCap Business Credit LLC, Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., R. L. Drake Holdings, LLC and Blonder Tongue Far East, LLC.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 30, 2019.

10.25	Form of Revolving Note.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 30, 2019.

10.26	Pledge and Security Agreement dated as of October 25, 2019 by and between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. and MidCap Business Credit LLC.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 30, 2019.

10.27	Patent and Trademark Security Agreement dated as of October 25, 2019 by and between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., R. L. Drake Holdings, LLC and MidCap Business Credit LLC.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 30, 2019.

10.28	Continuing Guaranty dated as of October 25, 2019 of Blonder Tongue Far East, LLC and R. L. Drake Holdings, LLC, as Guarantors, in favor of MidCap Business Credit LLC.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.5 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 30, 2019.

10.29	Deferred Compensation Agreement dated as of December 29, 2019 between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. and Edward R. Grauch.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed January 6, 2020.

10.30	Senior Subordinated Convertible Loan and Security Agreement dated as of April 8, 2020 by and between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., the parties identified therein as Lenders and the party identified therein as Agent.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 2020.

10.31	Consent and Amendment to Loan Agreement and Loan Documents dated as of April 8, 2020 by and among MidCap Business Credit LLC, Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., R. L. Drake Holdings, LLC, and Blonder Tongue Far East, LLC.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 2020.

Exhibit No.	Description	Location
10.32	Subordination Agreement dated as of April 8, 2020 by and between MidCap Business Credit LLC, the party identified therein as the Junior Creditor, Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., R. L. Drake Holdings, LLC, and Blonder Tongue Far East, LLC.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 2020.

10.33	Continuing Guaranty of R. L. Drake Holdings, LLC, dated as of April 8, 2020, in favor of the parties identified therein as Lenders and the party identified therein as Agent.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 2020.

10.34	Patent and Trademark Security Agreement dated as of April 8, 2020 by and between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., R. L. Drake Holdings, LLC, and party identified therein as Agent.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.5 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 2020.

10.35*	Amendment No. 1 to Second Amended and Restated Executive Stock Purchase Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 9, 2020.

10.36	First Amendment to Senior Subordinated Convertible Loan and Security Agreement and Joinder, dated as of April 24, 2020 by and between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., the parties identified therein as Lenders and the party identified therein as Agent.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 27, 2020.

10.37*	Form of Deferred Compensation Agreement for certain Executive Officers.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 19, 2020.

10.38*	Form of Deferred Compensation Agreement for certain Executive Officers.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 4, 2020.

10.39*	Second Amended and Restated Executive Stock Purchase Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 14, 2020.

10.40*	Amendment No. 1 Second Amended and Restated Executive Stock Purchase Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 14, 2020.

10.41*	Third Amended and Restated Director Stock Purchase Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2020, filed November 12, 2020.

10.42*	Amendment No. 1 to Third Amended and Restated Director Stock Purchase Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.5 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2020, filed November 12, 2020.

10.43*	Amendment No. 2 to 2016 Director Equity Incentive Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.6 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2020, filed November 12, 2020.

10.44*	Amendment No. 3 to 2016 Employee Equity Incentive Plan.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.7 to Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending September 30, 2020, filed November 12, 2020.

Exhibit No.	Description	Location
10.45	Second Amendment to Senior Subordinated Convertible Loan and Security Agreement and Joinder, dated as of December 28, 2020 by and between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., the parties identified therein as Lenders and the party identified therein as Agent.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 29, 2020.

10.46*	Deferred Compensation Agreement, Dated as of December 30, 2020.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 30, 2020.

10.47	Second Amendment to Loan Agreement, Dated as of January 8, 2021.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed January 11, 2021.

10.48	Third Amendment to Senior Subordinated Convertible Loan and Security Agreement and Joinder, dated as of January 28, 2021 by and between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc., the parties identified therein as Lenders and the party identified therein as Agent.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 1, 2021.

10.49*	Omnibus Amendment to Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreements.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 11, 2021.

10.50	Third Amendment to Loan Agreement, effective as of June 14, 2021.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 15, 2021.

10.51	Fourth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated July 30, 2021.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 2, 2021.

10.52	Sales Agreement dated August 16, 2021, between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. and Roth Capital Partners, LLC.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 1.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 16, 2021.

10.53	Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of August 23, 2021, between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. and Cavalry Fund I LP.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 23, 2021.

10.54	Fifth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated August 26, 2021.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 30, 2021.

10.55**	Promissory Note dated August 24, 2021.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 30, 2021.

Exhibit No.	Description	Location
10.56	Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of November 15, 2021 between Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. and Cavalry Fund I LP.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 11, 2021.

10.57*	Form of Deferred Compensation Agreement.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 14, 2021.

10.58	Sixth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated December 16, 2021.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 17, 2021.

10.59	Seventh Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated February 11, 2022	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed February 15, 2022.

10.60	Eighth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated March 3, 2022	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 4, 2022.

10.61	Ninth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated April 5, 2022	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed April 8, 2022.

10.62	Tenth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated May 5, 2022	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed May 5, 2022.

10.63	Eleventh Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated June 14, 2022	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 15, 2022.

10.64	Twelfth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated July 1, 2022	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed July 6, 2022.

10.65	Thirteenth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated October 25, 2022	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 31, 2022.

10.66	Fourteenth Amendment to Loan Agreement, dated October 28, 2022.	Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 3, 2022.

Exhibit No.	Description	Location
21	Subsidiaries of Blonder Tongue	Filed herewith.

23.1	Consent of Marcum LLP.	Filed herewith.

31.1	Principal Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith.

31.2	Principal Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Filed herewith.

32.1	Principal Executive Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002	Furnished herewith.

32.2	Principal Financial Officer Certification Pursuant to Item 601(b)(32) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

104	Cover Page Interactive Data File--the cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

*	Indicates management contracts or compensation plans or arrangements.

**	Certain confidential information contained in this exhibit, market by brackets, has been omitted because the information (i) is not material and (ii) would be competitively harmful if disclosed.

(c)

Financial Statement Schedules:

ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

		Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB No.688)		F-2
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022 and 2021		F-3
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021		F-4
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021		F-5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021		F-6
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements		F-7

F-1

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of

Blonder Tongue Laboratories Inc. and Subsidiaries

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. (the “Company”) and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Explanatory Paragraph – Going Concern

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As more fully described in Note 1, the Company has a working capital deficiency, has incurred significant losses and needs to raise additional funds to meet its obligations and sustain its operations. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matters

Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.

/s/ Marcum llp

Marcum llp

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2005.

New York, NY

April 17, 2023

F-2

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except per share data)

	December 31,
	2022			2021
Assets
Current assets:
Cash	$	79		$	274
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $216 and $240 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively		3,389			1,765
Inventories		3,966			4,854
Prepaid and other current assets		533			785
Total current assets		7,967			7,678
Property, plant and equipment, net		238			290
License agreements, net		3			7
Intangible assets, net		741			755
Goodwill		493			493
Right of use assets, net		4,778			1,984
Other assets, net		785			703
	$	15,005		$	11,910
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Line of credit	$	4,387		$	2,400
Current portion of long-term debt		70			71
Current portion of lease liability		569			826
Accounts payable		2,431			2,264
Accrued compensation		368			298
Accrued benefit pension liability		161			16
Income taxes payable		24			34
Other accrued expenses		145			151
Total current liabilities		8,155			6,060
Subordinated convertible debt with related parties		1,549			1,372
Lease liability, net of current portion		4,093			993
Long-term debt, net of current portion		134			200
Total liabilities		13,931			8,625
Commitments and contingencies		-			-
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $.001 par value; authorized 5,000 shares; no shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively		-			-
Common stock, $.001 par value; authorized 25,000 shares, 13,349 and 13,011 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively		13			13
Paid-in capital		32,275			31,513
Accumulated deficit		(30,230	)		(27,310	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(984	)		(931	)
Total stockholders’ equity		1,074			3,285
	$	15,005		$	11,910

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

F-3

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(In thousands, except per share data)

	Years ended December 31
	2022			2021
Statements of Operations
Net sales	$	18,115		$	15,754
Cost of goods sold		12,652			9,896
Gross profit		5,463			5,858
Operating expenses:
Selling expenses		1,995			2,459
General and administrative		3,821			3,767
Research and development		1,778			2,592
		7,594			8,818
Loss from operations		(2,131	)		(2,960	)
Gain on debt forgiveness		-			1,769
Other income		-			1,804
Interest expense, net		(789	)		(514	)
Earnings (loss) before income taxes		(2,920	)		99
Provision for income taxes		-			15
Net earnings (loss)		(2,920	)	$	84
Net earnings (loss) per share, basic	$	(0.22	)	$	0.01
Net earnings (loss) per share, diluted	$	(0.22	)	$	0.02
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic		13,281			12,151
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted		13,281			15,450
Statements of Comprehensive Loss
Net earnings (loss)	$	(2,920	)	$	84
Changes in accumulated unrealized pension losses, net of taxes		(53	)		21
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	(2,973	)	$	105

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

F-4

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 and 2021

(In thousands)

										Accumulated
										Other
	Common Stock				Paid-in		Accumulated			Comprehensive
	Shares		Amount		Capital		Deficit			Loss			Total
Balance at January 1, 2021		11,558	$	12	$	29,571	$	(27,394	)	$	(952	)	$	1,237
Net earnings		-		-		-		84			-			84
Recognized pension loss, net of taxes		-		-		-		-			21			21
Issuance of stock, net of offering costs		788		1		491		-			-			492
Exercised stock options		55		-		11		-			-			11
Exercised stock warrants		87		-		61		-			-			61
Stock awards for directors’ fees and employee compensation		318		-		427		-			-			427
Subordinated convertible debt discount		-		-		186		-			-			186
Conversion of subordinated convertible debt		205		-		204		-			-			204
Stock-based Compensation		-		-		562		-			-			562
Balance at December 31, 2021		13,011	$	13	$	31,513	$	(27,310	)	$	(931	)	$	3,285
Net loss		-		-		-		(2,920	)		-			(2,920	)
Recognized pension Loss, net of taxes		-		-		-		-			(53	)		(53	)
Stock awards for directors’ fees and employee compensation		234		-		129		-			-			129
Conversion of subordinated convertible debt		104		-		62		-			-			62
Stock-based Compensation		-		-		571		-			-			571
Balance at December 31, 2022		13,349	$	13	$	32,275	$	(30,230	)	$	(984	)	$	1,074

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

F-5

BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021

Cash Flows From Operating Activities:
Net earnings (loss)	$	(2,920	)	$	84
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings (loss) to cash used in operating activities:
Gain on debt forgiveness		-			(1,769	)
Loss on disposal of right of use assets		-			3
Depreciation		100			110
Amortization		25			230
Stock-based compensation expense		571			562
(Recovery) provision for doubtful accounts		(24	)		(35	)
Provision for inventory reserves		345			-
Fair value adjustment for stock awards		(21	)		163
Non cash pension expense		92			20
Amortization of loan fees		60			60
Amortization of subordinated debt discount		63			108
Non cash interest expense		176			163
Amortization of right to use assets		766			801
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(1,600	)		11
Inventories		543			(791	)
Prepaid and other current assets		253			(554	)
Lease liability		(718	)		(787	)
Other assets		(142	)		(8	)
Income taxes payable		(10	)		6
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and accrued compensation		1,059			456
Net cash used in operating activities		(1,382	)		(1,167	)
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:
Capital expenditures		(48	)		(31	)
Acquisition of licenses		(7	)		(55	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(55	)		(86	)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:
Net borrowings on line of credit		1,987			255
Repayments of debt		(67	)		(61	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		-			11
Proceeds from exercise of stock warrants		-			61
Payments on promissory notes		(678	)		-
Borrowings of subordinated convertible debt		-			700
Proceeds of stock offering, net of offering costs		-			492
Net cash provided by financing activities		1,242			1,458
Net increase (decrease) in cash		(195	)		205
Cash, beginning of year		274			69
Cash, end of year	$	79		$	274
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid for interest	$	453		$	179
Cash paid for income taxes	$	10		$	-
Non cash investing and financing activities:
Capital expenditures financed by notes payable	$	-		$	276
Stock paid to officers and directors in lieu of cash	$	129		$	264
Conversion of subordinated convertible debt to common stock	$	62		$	204
Right of use assets obtained by lease obligations	$	3,560		$	60

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements

F-6

Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a) The Company and Basis of Consolidation

Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Company”) is a technology-development and manufacturing company that delivers television signal encoding, transcoding, digital transport, and broadband product solutions to the markets the Company serves, including the telecommunications, fiber optic and cable service provider markets, MDU market, the lodging/hospitality market and the institutional market, including campuses, hospitals, prisons and schools, primarily throughout the United States and Canada. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Blonder Tongue Laboratories, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

(b) Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of less than three months at purchase to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents at December 31, 2022 and 2021. Cash balances at financial institutions are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). At times, cash and cash equivalents may be uninsured or in deposit accounts that exceed the FDIC insurance limit. Periodically, the Company evaluates the creditworthiness of the financial institutions and evaluates its credit exposure.

(c) Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful accounts

(d) Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, determined by the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method, or net realizable value.

(e) Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The Company provides for depreciation generally on the straight-line method based upon estimated useful lives of 3 to 5 years for office equipment, 5 to 7 years for furniture and fixtures, 10 years for building improvements and 6 to 10 years for machinery and equipment.

(f) Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The Company accounts for goodwill and intangible assets in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) ASC 350 Intangibles - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“ASC 350”). ASC 350 requires that goodwill and other intangibles with indefinite lives be tested for impairment annually or on an interim basis if events or circumstances indicate that the fair value of an asset has decreased below its carrying value.

F-7

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations. Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) requires that goodwill be tested for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment) on an annual basis and between annual tests when circumstances indicate that the recoverability of the carrying amount of goodwill may be in doubt. Application of the goodwill impairment test requires judgment, including the identification of reporting units, assigning assets and liabilities to reporting units, assigning goodwill to reporting units, and determining the fair value. Significant judgment is required to estimate the fair value of reporting units including estimating future cash flows, determining appropriate discount rates and other assumptions. Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value and/or goodwill impairment.

The Company’s business includes one goodwill reporting unit. The Company annually reviews goodwill for possible impairment by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit to the carrying value of the assets. If the fair value exceeds the carrying value of the net asset, no goodwill impairment is deemed to exist. If the fair value does not exceed the carrying value, goodwill is tested for impairment and written down to its implied fair value if it is determined to be impaired. The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test on December 31, 2022. Based upon its qualitative assessment, the Company determined that goodwill was not impaired.

The Company considers its trade name to have an indefinite life and in accordance with ASC 350, will not be amortized and will be reviewed annually for impairment.

(g) Long-Lived Assets

(h) Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Company’s significant estimates include stock compensation and reserves related to accounts receivable, inventory and deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(i) Royalty and License Expense

The Company records royalty expense, as applicable, when the related products are sold. Royalty expense is recorded as a component of selling expenses. Royalty expense was $20 and $18 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company amortizes license fees over the life of the relevant contract.

License agreements are carried at cost less accumulated amortization as follows:

	December 31,
	2022			2021

License agreements	$	6,146		$	6,139
Accumulated amortization		(6,143	)		(6,132	)
	$	3		$	7

Amortization of license fees is computed utilizing the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of 1 to 2 years. Amortization expense for license fees was $11 and $58 in the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense for license fees is projected to be approximately $7 in the year ending December 31, 2023.

F-8

(j) Foreign Exchange

The Company uses the United States dollar as its functional and reporting currency since the majority of the Company’s revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities are in the United States and the focus of the Company’s operations is in that country. Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated using the exchange rate at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange during the year. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions and translation for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 and cumulative translation gains and losses as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 were not material to the financial statements taken as a whole.

(k) Research and Development

Research and development expenditures for the Company’s projects are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses include payroll, employee benefits, stock-based compensation expense, and other headcount-related expenses associated with product development.

(l) Revenue Recognition

The Company generates revenue through the sale of products and services.

Revenue is recognized based on the following steps: (i) identification of contract with customer; (ii) determination of performance obligations; (iii) measurement of the transaction price; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation.

Revenue from the sale of products and services is recorded when the performance obligation is fulfilled, usually at the time of shipment or when the service is provided, at the net sales price (transaction price). Estimates of variable consideration, such as volume discounts and rebates, are reviewed and revised periodically by management. The Company elected to present revenue net of sales tax and other similar taxes and account for shipping and handling activities as fulfillment costs rather than separate performance obligations. Payments are typically due in 30 days, following delivery of products or completion of services. The Company provides a three-year warranty on most products. Warranty expense was de minimis in the two years ended December 31, 2022.

(m) Stock-based compensation

The Company computes stock-based compensation in accordance with authoritative guidance. The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to determine the fair value of its stock options. The Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model includes various assumptions, including the fair market value of the common stock of the Company, expected life of stock options, the expected volatility and the expected risk-free interest rate, among others. These assumptions reflect the Company’s best estimates, but they involve inherent uncertainties based on market conditions generally outside the control of the Company. Forfeitures are recorded when they occur.

(n) Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC Topic 740 “Income Taxes” (“ASC Topic 740”). Deferred income taxes are provided for temporary differences in the recognition of certain income and expenses for financial and tax reporting purposes. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

The Company will classify as income tax expense any interest and penalties recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 740. The Company files income tax returns primarily in the United States and New Jersey, along with certain other jurisdictions.

(o) Net Earnings (loss) Per Share

Net earnings (loss) per share is calculated in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) ASC Topic 260 “Earnings Per Share,” which provides for the calculation of “basic” and “diluted” net earnings (loss) per share. Basic net earnings (loss) per share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing net earnings (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net earnings (loss) per share reflect, in periods in which they have a dilutive effect, the effect of potential issuances of common shares. The Company calculates diluted net earnings per share using the treasury stock method for warrants and options and the if converted method for convertible debt.

F-9

The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted net income per share for the year ended December 31, 2021:

	Income (Numerator)		Shares (Denominator)		Per-Share Amount

Basic EPS	$	84		12,151		0.01
Effect of dilutive securities
Convertible debt		271		2,142
Warrants		-		48
Options		-		1,109
Diluted EPS	$	355		15,450		0.02

The diluted share base excludes the following potential common shares due to their antidilutive effect for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	December 31,
	2022		2021
Stock options		4,718		712
Warrants		890		-
Convertible debt		2,297		-
		7,905		712

(p) Other Comprehensive loss

Comprehensive loss is a measure of income which includes both net loss and other comprehensive loss. Other comprehensive loss results from items deferred from recognition into the statement of operations and principally consists of unrecognized pension losses net of taxes. Accumulated other comprehensive loss is separately presented on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as part of stockholders’ equity.

(q) Leases

The Company accounts for leases under FASB ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (“Topic 842”). Topic 842 provides a number of optional practical expedients and accounting policy elections. The Company elected the package of practical expedients requiring no reassessment of whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, the lease classification of any expired or existing leases, or initial direct costs for any existing leases. Upon adoption of Topic 842, the Company recognized right of use assets and corresponding lease liabilities pertaining to its operating leases. Operating lease liabilities are based on the net present value of the remaining lease payments over the lease term. In determining the present value of lease payment, the Company uses a collateralized rate based on the term of the lease based on the information available at the date of adoption of Topic 842.

(r) Subsequent Events

The Company evaluates events that have occurred after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued. Based upon the evaluation, the Company did not identify any additional recognized or non-recognized subsequent events that would require adjustment to or disclosure in the consolidated financial statements, except as disclosed in the financial statements.

F-10

(s) Adoption of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“Topic 740”). The list of changes is comprehensive; however, the changes will not significantly impact the Company due to the full valuation allowance that is recorded against the Company’s deferred tax assets. Early adoption of ASU 2019-12 is permitted, including adoption in any interim period for public business entities for periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. An entity that elects to early adopt the amendments in an interim period should reflect any adjustments as of the beginning of the annual period that includes that interim period. Additionally, an entity that elects early adoption must adopt all the amendments in the same period. The Company adopted ASU 2019-12 in 2022. The adoption of this new standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or financial statement disclosure.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Credit Losses - Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASC 326”). The standard changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets, including accounts and notes receivables. Under the new standard, an entity is required to estimate current expected credit losses on trade receivables at inception, based on historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

(t) Going Concern and COVID-19

Our business has been materially and adversely affected by the outbreak of the Coronavirus or COVID-19. COVID-19, which has been declared by the World Health Organization to be a “pandemic,” has spread to many countries, including the United States, and is impacting domestic and worldwide economic activity. Since being declared a “pandemic”, COVID-19 interfered with our ability to meet with certain customers during 2020 and continued into the first half of 2021. In addition, the COVID-19 outbreak has affected the supply chain for many types of products and materials, particularly those being manufactured in China and other countries where the outbreak has resulted in significant disruptions to ongoing business activities. Beginning in the second quarter of 2021 and continuing into the first quarter of 2022, we experienced a material disruption in our supply chain as it relates to the procurement of certain sole source and other multiple source components utilized in a material portion of several product lines. There are frequent developments regarding the COVID-19 outbreak that may impact our customers, employees and business partners. As a result, it is not possible at this time to estimate the duration or the scope of the impact COVID-19 could have on the Company's business. The Company has experienced and is continuing to experience a significant reduction in sales as a result of its inability to procure parts necessary to manufacture products due to the supply chain issues related to the COVID-19 outbreak. It remains unclear when or whether our supply chain partners will resume their activities at a level where our sales will return to historical levels.

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company reported reduced revenues, a loss from operations and net cash used in operating activities, in conjunction with liquidity constraints. The above factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability of the recorded assets or the classification of the liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

The Company’s primary sources of liquidity have been its existing cash balances, cash generated from operations, amounts available under the MidCap Facility (see Note 6 below), amounts available under the Subordinated Loan Facility (see Note 7 below) and cash generated from sales of common stock (see Note 16 below). As of December 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $4,387 outstanding under the MidCap Facility (as defined in Note 6 below) and $570 of additional availability for borrowing under the MidCap Facility.

If anticipated operating results are not achieved and/or the Company is unable to obtain additional financing, it may be required to take additional measures to reduce costs in order to conserve its cash in amounts sufficient to sustain operations and meet its obligations, which measures could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to achieve its intended business objectives and may be insufficient to enable the Company to continue as a going concern for at least twelve months from the date these financial statements are made available to be issued.

F-11

Note 2 - Revenue

The Company recognized revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring the product or service to the customer, typically at a point in time.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company is a technology-development and manufacturing company that delivers a wide range of products and services to the cable entertainment and media industry. Encoder/transcoder products are used by a system operator for encoding and transcoding of digital video. Encoders accept various input sources (analog and/or digital) and output digitally encoded 4K, UHD, HD or SD video in various output formats. Transcoders convert video files from one codec compression format to another to allow the video to be viewed across different platforms and devices. NXG is a two-way forward-looking platform that is used to deliver next-generation entertainment services in both enterprise and residential locations. Coax distribution products are used to transport signals from the headend to their ultimate destination in a home, apartment unit, hotel room, office or other terminal location along a coax distribution network. CPE products are used by cable operators to provide video delivery to customers using IP technology. Digital modulation products are used by a system operator for acquisition, processing, compression, and management of digital video. Analog modulation products are used by a system operator for signal acquisition, processing and manipulation to create an analog channel lineup for further transmission. DOCSIS data products give service providers, integrators, and premises owners a means to deliver data, video, and voice-over-coaxial in locations such as hospitality, MDU's, and college campuses, using IP technology Contract-manufactured products provide manufacturing, research and development and product support services for other companies’ products. Service agreements and design includes hands-on training, system design engineering, on-site field support, remote support and troubleshooting and complete system verification testing. Fiber optic products are used to transport signals from the headend to their ultimate destination in a home, apartment unit, hotel room, office or other terminal location along a fiber optic distribution network.

The following table presents the Company’s disaggregated revenues by revenue source:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021
Encoder and Transcoder products	$	9,140	$	7,863
NXG IP video signal processing products		2,709		1,924
DOCSIS data products		2,356		755
Coax distribution products		1,490		1,266
Digital modulation products		1,084		982
Analog modulation products		450		790
Service agreements and design		357		371
Fiber optic products		381		329
CPE products		29		1,120
Other		119		354
	$	18,115	$	15,754

Note 3 - Inventories

Inventories, net of reserves, are summarized as follows:

	December 31,
	2022		2021
Raw materials	$	2,052	$	1,824
Work in process		1,743		2,730
Finished goods		171		300
	$	3,966	$	4,854

The Company recorded a provision to reduce the carrying amount of inventories to their net realizable value in the amount of $3,571 and $3,226 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

F-12

Note 4 - Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are summarized as follows:

	December 31,
	2022			2021
Machinery and equipment	$	7,898		$	7,860
Furniture and fixtures		442			442
Office equipment		2,452			2,442
Building improvements		121			121
		10,913			10,865
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(10,675	)		(10,575	)
	$	238		$	290

Depreciation expense amounted to approximately $100 and $110 during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Note 5 – Intangible Assets

The components of intangible assets that are carried at cost less accumulated amortization at December 31, 2022 are as follows:

Description	Cost		Accumulated Amortization		Net Amount

Customer relationships	$	1,365	$	1,365	$	-
Proprietary technology		349		349		-
Amortized intangible assets		1,714		1,714		-
Non-Amortized Trade name		741		-		741
Total	$	2,455	$	1,714	$	741

The components of intangible assets that are carried at cost less accumulated amortization at December 31, 2021 are as follows:

Description	Cost		Accumulated Amortization		Net Amount

Customer relationships	$	1,365	$	1,354	$	11
Proprietary technology		349		346		3
Amortized intangible assets		1,714		1,700		14
Non-Amortized Trade name		741		-		741
Total	$	2,455	$	1,700	$	755

Amortization is computed utilizing the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of 10 years for customer relationships and 10 years for proprietary technology. Amortization expense for intangible assets was $25 and $171 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Intangible asset amortization is projected to be $0 in 2023.

F-13

Note 6 – Debt

Line of Credit

On October 25, 2019, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (All Assets) (the “Loan Agreement”) with MidCap Business Credit LLC (“MidCap”). The Loan Agreement provides the Company with a credit facility comprising a $5,000 revolving line of credit (the “MidCap Facility”). The MidCap Facility matures following the third anniversary of the Loan Agreement. Interest on the amounts outstanding under the Loan Agreement is variable, based upon the three-month LIBOR rate plus a margin of 4.75% (9.53% at December 31, 2022), subject to re-set each month. All outstanding indebtedness under the Loan Agreement is secured by all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries.

The Loan Agreement contains customary covenants, including restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, the payment of cash dividends or similar distributions, the repayment of any subordinated indebtedness and the encumbrance, sale or other disposition of assets. In addition, the Company was initially required to maintain minimum availability of $500, with the minimum availability to be reduced to $400 upon the deliverance of an inventory appraisal satisfactory to MidCap, which occurred during the fourth quarter 2019.

On April 7, 2020, the Company entered into a certain Consent and Amendment to Loan Agreement and Loan Documents with Midcap (the “MidCap First Amendment”), which amended the MidCap Facility to, among other things, remove the existing $400 availability block, subject to the same being re-imposed at the rate of approximately $7 per month commencing June 1, 2020. The operative provisions relating to the removal of the availability block under the MidCap First Amendment became effective on April 8, 2020, following the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated by the Subordinated Loan Facility (See Note 6).

On January 8, 2021, the parties entered into a Second Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Second Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement's definition of “Minimum EBITDA Covenant Trigger Event.” The Second Amendment amends the definition, retroactive to and as of December 1, 2020, and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes.

On June 14, 2021, the parties entered into a Third Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Third Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement's definition of “Minimum EBITDA Covenant Trigger Event.” The Third Amendment amends the definition, retroactive to and as of June 1, 2021, and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes.

On July 30, 2021, the parties entered into a Fourth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Fourth Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement's definition of “Minimum EBITDA Covenant Trigger Event.” The Fourth Amendment amends the definition, retroactive to and as of July 1, 2021, and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes.

On August 26, 2021, the parties entered into a Fifth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Fifth Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, (i) provide for an over-advance facility in the maximum amount of $400, (ii) defer the monthly incremental increase to the existing availability block and (iii) modify the Loan Agreement's definition of “Minimum EBITDA Covenant Trigger Event.” The Fifth Amendment amends the definition, retroactive to and as of August 1,

On December 16, 2021, the parties entered into a Sixth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the “Sixth Amendment”), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things modify the Loan Agreement's definition of "Borrowing Base" (with such amendment retroactive to and effective as of December 15, 2021), and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes.

On February 11, 2022, the parties entered into a Seventh Amendment to Loan Agreement (the “Seventh Amendment”), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things modify the Loan Agreement's definition of "Borrowing Base" and “Availability Block,” and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes.

On March 3, 2022, the parties entered into an Eighth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the “Eighth Amendment”), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things modify the Loan Agreement's definition of "Borrowing Base" and “Availability Block,” and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes.

F-14

On April 5, 2022, the Company entered into a Ninth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the “Ninth Amendment”). Among other things, the amendment modified the Loan Agreement's definition of "Borrowing Base" so as to provide for an over-advance facility (the “2022 Over-Advance Facility”) in an aggregate amount of up to $1,000. MidCap's agreement to enter into the Ninth Amendment was conditioned, in part, on the entry into a participation agreement between MidCap and Robert J. Pallé, a Director, and an affiliate of Mr. Pallé (the “Pallé Parties”). The terms of the Ninth Amendment and the participation agreement contemplate that any advances made by Midcap pursuant to the 2022 Over-Advance Facility would be funded by the Pallé Parties under the participation agreement. Advances under the 2022 Over-Advance Facility are subject to the discretion of MidCap and the Pallé Parties. On April 5, 2022, pursuant to the 2022 Over-Advance Facility and the participation agreement, the Pallé Parties funded an initial advance of $200 that was provided to the Company. Since April 5, 2022, a total of $975 was made by Midcap to the Company, which was funded by the Pallé Parties. Further advances may be made to the Company upon its request, subject to the discretion of MidCap and the Pallé Parties, in minimum amounts of not less than $100 per tranche, unless a lesser amount is agreed to by the parties. The amount advanced in each tranche will bear an interest rate of 1% per month.

On May 5, 2022, the parties entered into a Tenth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Tenth Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement's definition of “Minimum EBITDA Covenant Trigger Event.” The Tenth Amendment amends the definition, retroactive to and as of January 1, 2022, and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes.

On June 14, 2022, the parties entered into a Eleventh Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Eleventh Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, (i) modify the Loan Agreement's definition of “Borrowing Base” to extend the Company’s WIP advance and the amortization of the Company’s over advance facility until July 1, 2022, and (ii) delete in its entirety from the Loan Agreement the Company’s minimum EBITDA covenant and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes.

On July 1, 2022, the parties entered into a Twelfth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Twelfth Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, modify the Loan Agreement's definition of “Borrowing Base” to extend the Company’s WIP advance and the amortization of the Company’s over advance facility until July 15, 2022., and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes.

On October 25, 2022, the parties entered into a Thirteenth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Thirteenth Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to extend the mature date of the MidCap Facility to October 28, 2022.

On October 28, 2022, the parties entered into a Fourteenth Amendment to Loan Agreement (the "Fourteenth Amendment"), which amendment, revised the Loan Agreement to, among other things, extended the mature date of the MidCap Facility to June 30, 2023, modify the Loan Agreement's definition of “Borrowing Base” to extend the Company’s WIP advance and the amortization of the Company’s over advance facility until December 1, 2022, increased the 2022 Over Advance Facility to $1,500 and also includes certain additional non-substantive changes.

F-15

Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consists of the following:

	December 31,
	2022			2021
Financing leases (Note 8)	$	204		$	271
Less: Current portion		(70	)		(71	)
	$	134		$	200

Annual maturities of long term debt at December 31, 2022 are, $65 in 2023, $61 in 2024, $59 in 2025 and $15 in 2026.

Note 7 – Subordinated Convertible Debt with Related Parties

On April 8, 2020, the Company, as borrower, together with Livewire Ventures, LLC (wholly owned by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Edward R. Grauch), MidAtlantic IRA, LLC FBO Steven L. Shea IRA (an IRA account for the benefit of the Company’s Chairman of the Board, Steven Shea), Carol M. Pallé and Robert J. Pallé (Company Director and employed as Managing Director-Strategic Accounts) , Anthony J. Bruno (Company Director), and Stephen K. Necessary (Company Director) , as lenders (collectively, the “Initial Lenders”) and Robert J. Pallé, as Agent for the Lenders (in such capacity, the “Agent”) entered into a certain Senior Subordinated Convertible Loan and Security Agreement (the “Subordinated Loan Agreement”), pursuant to which the lenders from time to time party thereto were permitted to provide up to $1,500 of loans to the Company (the “Subordinated Loan Facility”). Interest accrues on the outstanding amounts advanced under the Subordinated Loan Facility at the rate of 12% per annum, compounded and payable monthly, in-kind, by the automatic increase of the principal amount of the loan on each monthly interest payment date, by the amount of the accrued interest payable at that time (“PIK Interest”); provided, however, that at the option of the Company, it may pay interest in cash on any interest payment date, in lieu of PIK Interest.

On April 8, 2020, the Initial Lenders agreed to provide the Company with a Tranche A term loan facility of $800 of which $600 was advanced to the Company on April 8, 2020, $100 was advanced to the Company on April 17, 2020 and $100 was advanced to the Company on January 12, 2021. The Initial Lenders participating in the Tranche A term loan facility have the option of converting the principal balance of the loan held by each of them, in whole (unless otherwise agreed by the Company), into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price equal to the volume weighted average price of the common stock as reported by the NYSE American, during the five trading days preceding April 8, 2020 (the “Tranche A Conversion Price”) which was calculated at $0.593. The conversion right was subject to stockholder approval as required by the rules of the NYSE American, which was obtained on June 11, 2020.

On April 24, 2020, the Company, the Initial Lenders, Ronald V. Alterio (the Company’s Senior Vice President-Engineering, Chief Technology Officer) and certain additional unaffiliated investors (the “Additional Lenders,” and, together with the Initial Lenders, the “Lenders”) entered into the First Amendment to Senior Subordinated Convertible Loan and Security Agreement and Joinder (the “Amendment”). The Amendment provides for the funding of $200 of additional loans under the Subordinated Loan Facility as a Tranche B term loan established under the Subordinated Loan Agreement, with such loans being provided by the Additional Lenders. The Amendment also sets the conversion price of $0.55 (the “Tranche B Conversion Price”) with respect to the right of the Additional Lenders to convert the accreted principal balance of the loans held by each of them into shares of the Company’s common stock. The terms and conditions of the conversion rights applicable to the Initial Lenders and the Additional Lenders are otherwise identical in all material respects, including the terms restricting conversion to an aggregate amount of shares of common stock that would not result in the Company’s non-compliance with NYSE American rules requiring stockholder approval of issuances or potential issuances of shares in excess of the percentage limits specified therein or in an amount that may be deemed to constitute a change of control under such rules. These restrictions were eliminated when the requisite stockholder approval was obtained on June 11, 2020.

F-16

On October 29, 2020, the additional unaffiliated investors as described above, submitted irrevocable notices of conversion under the Tranche B Term Loan. As a result, $175 of original principal and $11 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche B Term Loan were converted into 338 shares of Company common stock in full satisfaction of their indebtedness.

On January 28, 2021, the Company entered into the Third Amendment to Senior Subordinated Convertible Loan and Security Agreement and Joinder (the “LSA Third Amendment”) with the Tranche A Parties, the Tranche B Parties (that had not previously converted the loans attributable to each of them into shares of common stock), the Agent and certain other investors (the “Tranche C Parties”). Pursuant to the LSA Third Amendment, the parties agreed to increase the aggregate loan limit from $1,500 to $1,600 and the Tranche C Parties agreed to provide the Company with a commitment for a $600 term loan facility, all of which was advanced to the Company on January 29, 2021 (the “Tranche C Loans”). As is the case with the loans provided by the Tranche A Parties and Tranche B Parties, interest on the Tranche C Loans accrues at 12% per annum and is payable monthly in-kind, by the automatic increase of the principal amount of the loans on each monthly interest payment date, by the amount of the accrued interest payable at that time. The Company, at its option, may pay any interest due on the Tranche C Loans in cash on any interest payment date in lieu of PIK Interest. The Tranche C Parties also have the option, following the stockholder approval described in the next sentence, of converting the accreted principal balance of the Tranche C Loans attributable to each of them into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $1.00. The conversion rights are subject to the terms and conditions applicable to the Tranche C Parties restricting conversion of the Tranche C Loans to an aggregate amount of shares of common stock that would not result in the Company’s non-compliance with NYSE American rules requiring stockholder approval of issuances or potential issuances of shares in excess of the percentage limits specified therein. These restrictions were eliminated when the requisite stockholder approval was obtained on March 4, 2021. As the stock price was $1.31 on March 4, 2021, the Company recorded a discount of $186 relating to the difference in stock price due to the beneficial conversion feature. The Company issued 42 warrants at an exercise price of $1.00 to a placement agent in connection with the Tranche C Loans. The warrants have a five-year term from January 28, 2021.

On March 15, 2021, one of the Tranche C Parties submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche C Loans. As a result, $100 of original principal and $1 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche C Loans were converted into 101 shares of Company common stock in partial satisfaction of their indebtedness.

On April 6, 2021, the same Tranche C Party submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche C Loans. As a result, $50 of original principal and $1 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche C Loans were converted into 51 shares of Company common stock in partial satisfaction of their indebtedness.

On May 24, 2021, the same Tranche C Party submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche C Loans. As a result, $50 of original principal and $2 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche C Loans were converted into 52 shares of Company common stock in complete satisfaction of their indebtedness.

On January 21, 2022, one of the Tranche A Parties submitted an irrevocable notice of conversion under the Tranche A Loans. As a result, $50 of original principal and $12 of PIK interest outstanding under the Tranche A Loans were converted into 104 shares of Company common stock in complete satisfaction of their indebtedness.

F-17

Note 8 – Leases

The Company recognizes right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities when it obtains the right to control an asset under a leasing arrangement with an initial term greater than twelve months. The Company leases its real estate and certain office equipment under non-cancellable operating leases, and certain office and factory equipment under non-cancellable financing leases.

The Company evaluates the nature of each lease at the inception of an arrangement to determine whether it is an operating or financing lease and recognizes the ROU asset and lease liabilities based on the present value of future minimum lease payments over the expected lease term. The Company’s leases do not generally contain an implicit interest rate and therefore the Company uses the incremental borrowing rate it would expect to pay to borrow on a similar collateralized basis over a similar term in order to determine the present value of its lease payments.

The following table summarizes the Company’s operating and financing lease expense as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

	2022			2021
Operating lease cost	$	947		$	939
Financing lease cost		66			33
Total	$	1,013		$	972
Weighted average remaining lease term		6.1			2.3
Weighted average discount rate-operating leases		6.5	%		6.5	%

Maturities of the Company’s operating leases as of December 31, 2022, excluding short term leases are as follows:

2023	$	945
2024		957
2025		971
2026		995
Thereafter		2,148
Total		6,016
Less: present value discount		(155	)
Total operating lease liabilities	$	5,861

Note 9- Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

The Company from time to time is a party to certain proceedings incidental to the ordinary course of its business, none of which, in the current opinion of management, is likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

F-18

Note 10 – Benefit Plans

Defined Contribution Plan

The Company has a defined contribution plan covering all full-time employees qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code, in which the Company matches a portion of an employee’s salary deferral. The Company’s contributions to this plan were $90 and $64, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Defined Benefit Pension Plan

At December 31, 2022, approximately 28% of the Company’s employees were covered by a collective bargaining agreement, that is scheduled to expire in February 2027.

Substantially all union employees who met certain requirements of age, length of service and hours worked per year were covered by a Company sponsored non-contributory defined benefit pension plan. Benefits paid to retirees are based upon age at retirement and years of credited service.

On August 1, 2006, the plan was frozen. The defined benefit pension plan is closed to new entrants and existing participants do not accrue any additional benefits. The Company complies with minimum funding requirements. The total expense for this plan was $92 in 2022 and $20 in 2021, respectively.

The Company recognizes the funded status of its defined benefit pension plan measured as the difference between the fair value of the plan assets and the projected benefit obligation, in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the funded status related to the defined benefit pension plan was underfunded by $(161) and $(16), respectively, and is recorded in current liabilities.

Note 11 - Related Party Transactions

A director and shareholder of the Company is a partner of a law firm that served as outside legal counsel for the Company. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, this law firm billed the Company approximately $413 and $548, respectively for legal services provided by this firm. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company owed $343 and $293, respectively to this firm. In May of 2022, the Company stopped using the legal services of this firm.

Note 12 - Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash deposits and trade accounts receivable.

Credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable was concentrated with four of the Company’s customers in both 2022 and 2021, respectively. These customers accounted for approximately 68% and 62% of the Company’s outstanding trade accounts receivable at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition, uses credit insurance and requires collateral, such as letters of credit, to mitigate its credit risk. The deterioration of the financial condition of one or more of its major customers could adversely impact the Company’s operations. From time to time where the Company determines that circumstances warrant, such as when a customer agrees to commit to a large blanket purchase order, the Company extends payment terms beyond its standard payment terms.

The following table summarizes credit risk with respect to customers as percentage of sales for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021
Customer A		14	%		20	%
Customer B		13	%		14	%
Customer C		11	%		13	%

F-19

The following table summarizes credit risk with respect to customers as percentage of accounts receivable:

	December 31,
	2022			2021
Customer A		23	%		-
Customer B		18	%		24	%
Customer C		16	%		17	%
Customer E		11	%		-

The following table summarizes credit risk with respect to vendors as percentage of purchases for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021
Vendor A		22	%		16	%
Vendor B		19	%		20	%
Vendor C		12	%		-

The following table summarizes credit risk with respect to vendors as percentage of accounts payable:

	December 31,
	2022			2021
Vendor A		19	%		28	%
Vendor B		17	%		-
Vendor D		-			10	%

Note 13 – Stock Repurchase Program

On July 24, 2002, the Company commenced a stock repurchase program to acquire up to $300 of its outstanding common stock (the “2002 Program”). The stock repurchase was funded by a combination of the Company’s cash on hand and borrowings against its revolving line of credit. On February 13, 2007, the Company announced a new stock repurchase program to acquire up to an additional 100 shares of its outstanding common stock (the “2007 Program”). As of December 31, 2022, the Company can purchase up to $72 of its common stock under the 2002 Program and up to 100 shares of its common stock under the 2007 Program. The Company may, in its discretion, continue making purchases under the 2002 Program up to its limits, and thereafter to make purchases under the 2007 Program. During 2022 and 2021, the Company did not purchase any of its common stock under the 2002 Program or 2007 Program.

F-20

Note 14 – Executive and Director Stock Purchase Plans

On June 16, 2014, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the Executive Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which was subsequently amended several times most recently on September 10, 2020, retroactively effective to September 1, 2020. The ESPP allows executive officers of the Company to elect to purchase common stock of the Company in lieu of receiving a portion of their salary. The maximum number of shares of common stock that can be purchased by all participants, in the aggregate, pursuant to the ESPP is 750 shares. The shares will be purchased directly from the Company at the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of purchase (based on selling prices reported on NYSE American), which is the payroll date when the salary is withheld. As of December 31, 2022, approximately 303 shares were purchased under the ESPP.

On November 8, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the Director Stock Purchase Plan (the “DSPP”), which was subsequently amended several times most recently on October 12, 2020. The DSPP allows non-employee directors of the Company to elect to purchase common stock of the Company in lieu of receiving a portion of their director and meeting fees. The maximum number of shares of common stock that can be purchased by all participants, in the aggregate, pursuant to the DSPP is 1,000 shares. The shares will be purchased directly from the Company at the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of purchase (based on selling prices reported on NYSE American), which is the check date when the fees would normally be paid. As of December 31, 2022, approximately 390 shares were purchased under the DSPP.

Note 15 – Preferred Stock

The Company is authorized to issue 5,000 shares of preferred stock with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, there were no outstanding preferred shares.

Note 16 – Private Placement and Common Stock Sales

On December 14, 2020, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") with certain accredited investors (the "Purchasers") for the sale and issuance by the Company to the Purchasers of (i) an aggregate of 1,429 shares (the "Shares") of the Company's common stock and (ii) warrants (the "Purchaser Warrants") to purchase an aggregate of up to 714 shares of common stock (the "Purchaser Warrant Shares"), for aggregate gross proceeds to the Company of $1,000, before deducting placement agent fees and offering expenses payable by the Company. The Company also agreed to issue to the placement agents and certain persons affiliated with the placement agents, as additional compensation, (a) fully-vested warrants (the "Placement Agent Warrants") to purchase an aggregate of up to 100 shares (the "Placement Agent Warrant Shares") of common stock and (b) contingent warrants (the "Placement Agent Contingent Warrants") to purchase an aggregate of up to an additional 50 shares (the "Placement Agent Contingent Warrant Shares") of common stock. The transaction closed on December 15, 2020.

The Purchase Agreement also includes terms that give the Purchasers certain price protections, providing for adjustments of the number of shares of common stock held by them in the event of certain future dilutive securities issuances by the Company for a period not to exceed 18 months following the closing of the private placement, or such earlier date on which all of the Purchaser Warrants have been exercised. In addition, the Purchase Agreement provides the Purchasers with a right to participate in certain future Company financings, up to 30% of the amount of such financings, for a period of 24 months following the closing of the private placement. The Purchase Agreement also required the Company to register the resale of the Shares and the Purchaser Warrant Shares pursuant to the terms of a Registration Rights Agreement between the Company and the Purchasers, dated as of December 14, 2020, as described further below. The Company filed a registration statement with the SEC on January 14, 2021 to register the resale of the Shares and the Purchaser Warrant Shares, which registration statement was declared effective by the SEC on January 21, 2021.

The Purchase Agreement obligated the Company to call a special meeting of its stockholders to seek stockholder approval of the issuance of shares of its common stock issuable in connection with this transaction in excess of 19.99% of the Company's outstanding shares of common stock, in accordance with the requirements of Section 713(a) of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) American Company Guide. Stockholder approval was obtained on March 4, 2021.

In certain circumstances, upon the occurrence of a fundamental transaction, a holder of Purchaser Warrants is entitled to receive, upon any subsequent exercise of the Purchaser Warrant, for each Purchaser Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon such exercise of the Purchaser Warrant immediately prior to the fundamental transaction, at the option of the holder, the number of shares of common stock of the successor or acquiring corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration receivable as a result of the fundamental transaction by a holder of the number of shares of common stock of the Company for which the Purchaser Warrant is exercisable immediately prior to the fundamental transaction. If holders of the Company's common stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a fundamental transaction, then the Holder shall be given the choice as to the additional consideration it receives upon any exercise of the Purchaser Warrant following the fundamental transaction.

F-21

The Placement Agent Warrants have an exercise price of $0.70 per share, a term of five years from December 14, 2020, and became exercisable upon the Company obtaining the stockholder approval described above. The exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of each Placement Agent Warrant is subject to appropriate adjustments in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common stock. The Placement Agent Warrants also provide the holders with certain “piggyback” registration rights, permitting the holders to request that the Company include the Placement Agent Warrant Shares for sale in certain registration statements filed by the Company. The fair value of the Placement Agent Warrants is $121. During June and July 2021, the Company received approximately $61 as the result of the exercise of certain Placement Agent Warrants, and the Company issued 87 shares of common stock upon exercise.

On August 16, 2021, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with Roth Capital Partners, LLC (the “Agent”). In accordance with the terms of the Sales Agreement, the Company may offer and sell from time to time through the Agent shares of the Company’s common stock, having an aggregate offering price of up to $400. From August 16, 2021 through December 31, 2021, the Company sold an aggregate of 163 shares under the Sales Agreement at prices ranging from $1.088 to $1.139 per share, for aggregate proceeds, net of sales commissions, of approximately $175.

On August 23, 2021, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “August Purchase Agreement”) with an institutional investor providing for the sale by the Company to the investor of 200 shares of the Company’s common stock at a purchase price of $1.08 per share, resulting in aggregate proceeds to the Company of $216. The shares were offered and sold pursuant to the Company’s effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3. The Company's sale of the shares pursuant to the August Purchase Agreement will have the effect of reducing the amount of shares that may be sold pursuant to the Sales Agreement from $400 to $184. Taking into account sales of common stock pursuant to the August Purchase Agreement and sales of common stock pursuant to the Sales Agreement to date, the amount available to be sold under the Sales Agreement is currently $9.

On November 15, 2021, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “November Purchase Agreement”) with an institutional investor providing for the sale by the Company to the investor of 425 shares of the Company’s common stock, at a purchase price of $1.12 per share, resulting in aggregate proceeds to the Company of $476. The shares were offered and sold pursuant to the Company’s shelf registration statement on Form S-3.

Note 17 – Equity Incentive Plans

In May 2016, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2016 Employee Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Employee Plan”), which authorized the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Committee”) to grant a maximum of 1,000 shares of equity based and other performance based awards to executive officers and other key employees of the Company. The term of the 2016 Employee Plan expires on February 4, 2026. In May 2017, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment to the 2016 Employee Plan to increase the annual individual award limits relating to stock options and stock appreciation rights from 100 to 250 shares of common stock. In June 2018, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment to the 2016 Employee Plan to increase the maximum number of equity based and other performance awards to 3,000. The Committee determines the recipients and the terms of the awards granted under the 2016 Employee Plan, including the type of awards, exercise price, number of shares subject to the award and the exercisability thereof.

F-22

In May 2005, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2005 Employee Equity Incentive Plan (the “Employee Plan”), which initially authorized the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Committee”) to grant a maximum of 500 shares of equity based and other performance based awards to executive officers and other key employees of the Company. In May 2007, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment to the Employee Plan to increase the maximum number of equity based and other performance awards to 1,100. In May 2010, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment to the Employee Plan to increase the maximum number of equity based and other performance awards to 1,600. In May 2014, the stockholders of the Company approved the amendment and restatement of the Employee Plan to extend the term of the Employee Plan to February 7, 2024 and increase the maximum number of equity based and other performance awards to 2,600. In June 2018, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment to the Employee Plan to increase the maximum number of equity based and other performance awards to 2,700. The Committee determines the recipients and the terms of the awards granted under the Employee Plan, including the type of awards, exercise price, number of shares subject to the award and the exercisability thereof.

In May 2016, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2016 Director Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Director Plan”). The 2016 Director Plan authorizes the Board of Directors (the “Board”) to grant a maximum of 400 shares of equity based and other performance-based awards to non-employee directors of the Company. The term of the 2016 Director Plan expires on February 4, 2026. The Board determines the recipients and the terms of the awards granted under the 2016 Director Plan, including the type of awards, exercise price, number of shares subject to the award and the exercisability thereof.

In May 2005, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2005 Director Equity Incentive Plan (the “Director Plan”). The Director Plan authorizes the Board of Directors (the “Board”) to grant a maximum of 200 shares of equity based and other performance-based awards to non-employee directors of the Company. In May 2010, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment to the Director Plan to increase the maximum number of equity based and other performance awards to 400. In May 2014, the stockholders of the Company approved the amendment and restatement of the Director Plan to extend the term of the Director Plan to February 7, 2024 and increase the maximum number of equity based and other performance awards to 600. The Board determines the recipients and the terms of the awards granted under the Director Plan, including the type of awards, exercise price, number of shares subject to the award and the exercisability thereof.

The Company issues performance-based stock options to employees. The Company estimates the fair value of performance stock option awards using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. Compensation expense for stock option awards is amortized on a straight-line basis over the awards’ vesting period.

The expected term of the stock options represents the average period the stock options are expected to remain outstanding and is based on the expected term calculated using the approach prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission's Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110 for “plain vanilla” options. The expected stock price volatility for the Company’s stock options was determined by using an average of the historical volatilities of the Company. The Company will continue to analyze the stock price volatility and expected term assumptions as more data for the Company’s common stock and exercise patterns become available. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based on the U.S. Treasury instruments whose term was consistent with the expected term of the Company’s stock options. The expected dividend assumption is based on the Company’s history and expectation of dividend payouts. The Company does not estimate forfeitures based on historical experience but rather reduces compensation expense when they occur.

The fair value of employee stock options is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the respective awards. The fair value of employee stock options was estimated using the following weighted-average assumptions:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022			2021
Fair value of the company’s common stock on date of grant	$	0.565		$	1.513
Expected term		6.5 years			6.5 years
Risk free interest rate		2.69	%		1.13	%
Dividend yield		0.00	%		0.00	%
Volatility		118.0	%		79.0	%
Fair value of options granted	$	0.496		$	1.06

F-23

The following table summarizes total stock-based compensation costs recognized for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	Years ended December 31,
	2022		2021
Cost of goods sold	$	40	$	42
Selling expenses		45		77
General and administrative		421		343
Research and development		65		100
Total	$	571	$	562

The following table summarizes information about stock-based awards outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2022:

Plan	Stock Options
2016 Employee Plan		2,207
2016 Director Plan		1,209
Other		500
2005 Employee Plan		730
2005 Director Plan		219
		4,865
Stock-based awards available for grant as of December 31, 2022		77

Stock options award activity for the year ended December 31, 2022 is as follows:

	Number of shares			Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Contractual Term		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 1, 2022		4,229		$	0.90
Options granted		956			0.54
Options exercised		-			-
Options forfeited		(80	)		1.08
Options expired		(248	)		1.00
Outstanding at December 31, 2022		4,857		$	0.82		5.1	$	-
Exercisable at December 31, 2022		3,760		$	0.86		5.2	$	-

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company granted options under the 2016 Employee Plan and the 2016 Director Plan to purchase 956 shares of common stock to its employees and directors. The fair value of these options was approximately $449.

F-24

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options is calculated as the difference between exercise price of the underlying stock options and the fair value of the Company’s common stock or $0.19 per share at December 31, 2022.

The Company does not capitalize any cost associated with stock-based compensation.

The Company issues new shares of common stock (or reduces the amount of treasury stock) upon exercise of stock options or release of restricted stock awards.

As of December 31, 2022, the unamortized stock compensation expense was approximately $321.

The following table represents warrant activity for the year ended December 31, 2022:

	Number of shares		Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Contractual Term
Outstanding at January 1, 2022		841	$	1.21
Warrants granted		111		0.45
Warrants exercised		-		-
Warrants forfeited		-		-
Warrants expired		-		-
Outstanding at December 31, 2022		952	$	1.12		2.25
Exercisable at December 31, 2022		952	$	1.12		1.10

In January 2021, the Company issued a 5-year warrant to purchase 42 shares of common stock of the Company to VFT Special Ventures, Ltd. a Delaware corporation (“VFT”). The warrant was granted as partial consideration in connection with the placement fee for the Subordinated Loan Facility (see Note 7). The warrant is exercisable at $1.00 per share and vested immediately. The fair value of the warrant was $60.

In December 2022, the Company issued a 5-year warrant to purchase 111 shares of common stock of the Company to David E. Cymiak. The warrant was granted as partial consideration in connection with the placement fee for the Subordinated Loan Facility (see Note 7). The warrant is exercisable at $0.45 per share and vested immediately. The fair value of the warrant was $12.

Note 18 – Other Income

For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company accrued payroll tax credits of $1,804, through the Employee Retention Tax Credit program (“ERTC”). The amount was recorded as other income and included in prepaid and other current assets as of the applicable quarter end date. The Company received $577 of the first quarter of 2021 ERTC in April, $115 towards Q2 in July, $181 towards Q3 in August, $219 towards Q3 in October and $195 towards Q3 in November. The ERTC was initially established as part of the CARES Act of 2020 and subsequently amended by the Consolidated Appropriation Act (“CAA”) of 2021 and the American Rescue Plan Act (“ARPA”) of 2021. The CAA and ARPA amendments to the ERTC program provide eligible employers with a tax credit in an amount equal to 70% of qualified wages (including certain health care expenses) that eligible employers pay their employees after January 1, 2021 through September 30, 2021. The maximum amount of qualified wages taken into account with respect to each employee for each calendar quarter is $10,000, so that the maximum credit that an eligible employer may claim for qualified wages paid to any employee is $7,000 per quarter. For purposes of the amended ERTC, an eligible employer is defined as having experienced a significant (20% or more) decline in gross receipts during each 2021 calendar quarter when compared with the same quarter in 2019. The credit is taken against the Company’s share of Social Security Tax when the Company’s payroll provider files the applicable quarterly tax filings on Form 941. At December 31, 2022, the Company is still owed $299 in ERTC funds which it expects to receive during the second quarter of 2023.

F-25

Note 19 - Income Taxes

The following summarizes the benefit for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	2022			2021
Current:
Federal	$	-		$	-
State and local		0			15
		0			15
Deferred:
Federal		(471	)		(266	)
State and local		(7	)		(3	)
		(478	)		(269	)
Valuation allowance		478			269
Provision for income taxes	$	0		$	15

The provision for income taxes differs from the amounts computed by applying the applicable Federal statutory rates due to the following for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	2022			2021
Provision (benefit) for Federal income taxes at the statutory rate	$	(613	)	$	21
State and local income taxes, net of Federal provision (benefit)		(25	)		10
Permanent differences:
Other		88			(285	)
Change in valuation allowance		478			269
Stock Compensation		72			-
Provision for income taxes	$	0		$	15

F-26

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

	December 31,
	2022			2021
Deferred tax assets:
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$	46		$	51
Inventories		746			668
Intangible		114			139
Share based compensation		330			332
Net operating loss carry forward		7,832			7,691
Sec 174 Research & Development		303
Depreciation		8			22
Pension liability		63			43
Other		1			2
Total deferred tax assets		9,443			8,948
Deferred tax liabilities:
Intangible		(4	)		(4	)
Indefinite life intangibles		(191	)		(174	)
Total deferred tax liabilities		(195	)		(178	)
		9,248			8,770
Valuation allowance		(9,248	)		(8,770	)
Net	$	-		$	-

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company had approximately $28,169 and $24,541 of federal and state net operating loss carryovers ("NOL"), respectively, which begin to expire in 2022. Additionally, there are federal NOL carryovers of $8,300 which do not expire.

The changes in the valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were $478 and $269, respectively.

In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and taxing strategies in making this assessment. The decision to record this valuation allowance was based on management evaluating all positive and negative evidence. The significant negative evidence includes a loss for the current year, a cumulative pre-tax loss for the three years ended December 31, 2022, the inability to carryback the net operating losses, limited future reversals of existing temporary differences and the limited availability of tax planning strategies. The Company expects to continue to provide a full valuation allowance until, or unless, it can sustain a level of profitability that demonstrates its ability to utilize these assets.

The Company had no change in its liability for uncertain tax position during 2022 and no liabilities for uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2022. ASC 740 discusses the classification of related interest and penalties on income taxes. The Company’s policy is to record interest and penalties incurred in connection with income taxes as a component of income tax expense. No interest or penalties were recorded during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.

The Company is required to file U.S. federal and state income tax returns. These returns are subject to audit by tax authorities beginning with the year ended December 31, 2018 or tax years beginning with the year ended December 31,2003 as the Company utilizes net operating losses.

F-27

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	BLONDER TONGUE LABORATORIES, INC.

Date: April 17, 2023	By:	/s/ Robert J. Pallé
		Robert J. Pallé
		Chief Executive Officer

	By:	/s/ Michael P. Censoplano
		Michael P. Censoplano
		Chief Financial Officer and Secretary

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Name	Title	Date

/s/ Robert J. Pallé	Chief Executive Officer, President, and Director	April 17, 2023
Robert J. Pallé	(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Michael P. Censoplano	Chief Financial Officer and Secretary	April 17, 2023
Michael P. Censoplano	(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

/s/ James F. Williams	Director	April 17, 2023
James F. Williams

/s/ Charles E. Dietz	Director	April 17, 2023
Charles E. Dietz

/s/ Gary P. Scharmett	Director	April 17, 2023
Gary P. Scharmett

/s/ Steven L. Shea	Director	April 17, 2023
Steven L. Shea

/s/ Stephen K. Necessary	Director	April 17, 2023
Stephen K. Necessary

/s/ John Burke	Director	April 17, 2023
John Burke

/s/ Michael Hawkey	Director	April 17, 2023
Michael Hawkey

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