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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 1-32190

NEWMARKET CORPORATION

Incorporated pursuant to the Laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia

Internal Revenue Service Employer Identification No. 20-0812170

330 South Fourth Street

Richmond, Virginia 23219-4350

804-788-5000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, with no par value	NEU	New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2025 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was approximately $4,530,332,981*

Number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of January 31, 2026: 9,397,364

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of NewMarket Corporation’s definitive Proxy Statement for its 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

* In determining this figure, an aggregate of 2,839,094 shares of Common Stock as beneficially owned by Bruce C. Gottwald and members of his immediate family have been excluded and treated as shares held by affiliates. See Item 12. The aggregate market value has been computed on the basis of the closing price on the New York Stock Exchange on June 30, 2025.

Table of Contents

Form 10-K

Table of Contents


PART I
Item 1.	Business	3
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	12
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	20
Item 1C.	Cybersecurity	20
Item 2.	Properties	21
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	22
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	22

PART II
Item 5.	Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	23
Item 6.	Reserved	24
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	25
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	36
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	38
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	82
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	82
Item 9B.	Other Information	83
Item 9C.	Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections	83

PART III
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	84
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	84
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	84
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	85
Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	85

PART IV
Item 15.	Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules	86
Item 16.	Form 10-K Summary	87
Signatures		88

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PART I

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

NewMarket Corporation (NewMarket) (NYSE: NEU) is a holding company and is the parent company of Afton Chemical Corporation (Afton), Ethyl Corporation (Ethyl), American Pacific Corporation (AMPAC), Calca Solutions, LLC (Calca), NewMarket Services Corporation (NewMarket Services), and NewMarket Development Corporation (NewMarket Development). We acquired Calca on October 1, 2025.

Each of our subsidiaries manages its own assets and liabilities. Afton manufactures and sells petroleum additives, while Ethyl markets antiknock compounds in North America and performs contracted manufacturing and related services. AMPAC is a manufacturer of specialty materials primarily used in solid rocket motors for the aerospace and defense industries, and Calca is a producer of hydrazine products used primarily in aerospace and defense applications. NewMarket Development manages the real property that we own in Virginia. NewMarket Services provides various administrative services to NewMarket, Afton, Ethyl, AMPAC, Calca, and NewMarket Development. NewMarket Services expenses are billed to each subsidiary pursuant to services agreements between the companies.

References in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to “we,” “us,” “our,” and “NewMarket” are to NewMarket Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.

As a specialty chemicals company, Afton develops and manufactures highly formulated lubricant and fuel additive packages and markets and sells these products worldwide. Afton is one of the largest lubricant and fuel additives companies in the world. Lubricant and fuel additives are necessary products for efficient and reliable operation of vehicles and machinery. From custom-formulated additive packages to market-general additives, we believe Afton provides customers with products and solutions that make engines run smoother, machines last longer, and fuels burn cleaner.

Through an open, flexible, and collaborative style, Afton works closely with its customers to understand their business and help them meet their goals. This style has allowed Afton to develop long-term relationships with its customers in every major region of the world, which Afton serves through its manufacturing facilities across the globe.

Afton has operations in North America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and South America. The economies are generally stable in the countries where we do most of our business, although many of those countries experience economic challenges from time to time. In countries with more political or economic uncertainty, we generally minimize our risk of loss by utilizing U.S. Dollar-denominated transactions, letters of credit, and prepaid transactions.

With almost 450 employees in research, development, and testing, Afton is dedicated to developing additive formulations that are tailored to our customers’ and the end-users’ specific needs. Afton’s portfolio of technologically-advanced, value-added products allows it to provide a full range of products, services, and solutions to its customers.

Ethyl provides contracted manufacturing and related services to Afton and to third parties and is a marketer of antiknock compounds in North America.

AMPAC has operations in the United States and manufactures and sells specialty materials used in solid rocket motors for space launch and military defense applications. AMPAC has long-term relationships with customers and the ability to formulate products to meet the various specification requirements of its customers, resulting in AMPAC being a global leader in specialty materials for use in solid rocket motors.

Calca also has operations in the United States and is the nation's leading producer of Ultra Pure® and high-purity hydrazine. These specialty materials are essential, mission-critical propellants that enable advanced aerospace and defense applications.

NewMarket Development manages the real property we own in Richmond, Virginia consisting of approximately 50 acres. Our corporate offices are included in this acreage, as well as a research and testing facility, and several acres dedicated to other uses. We are exploring various development opportunities for portions of the property as the demand warrants. This effort is ongoing in nature.

We were incorporated in the Commonwealth of Virginia in 2004. Our principal executive offices are located at 330 South Fourth Street, Richmond, Virginia, and our telephone number is (804) 788-5000.

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Business Segments

For the periods presented in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, our business was composed of two segments, petroleum additives, which is primarily represented by Afton, and specialty materials, which is represented by AMPAC and Calca. The antiknock compounds business of Ethyl is reflected in the “All other” category. Each of these is discussed below.

Petroleum Additives - Petroleum additives are used in lubricating oils and fuels to enhance their performance in machinery, vehicles, and other equipment. We manufacture chemical components that are selected to perform one or more specific functions and combine those chemicals with other chemicals or components to form additive packages for use in specified end-user applications. The petroleum additives market is a global marketplace, with customers ranging from large, integrated oil companies to national, regional, and independent companies.

We believe our success in the petroleum additives market is largely due to our ability to deliver value to our customers through our products and our open, flexible, and collaborative working style. We accomplish this by understanding what our customers value and by applying our technical capabilities, formulation expertise, broadly differentiated product solutions, and global supply capabilities to satisfy our customers' needs. We invest significantly in research and development in order to meet our customers’ needs and to adapt to the rapidly changing environment for new and improved products and services.

We view the petroleum additives marketplace as being comprised of two broad product applications: lubricant additives and fuel additives. Lubricant additives are highly formulated chemical solutions that, when blended with base fluids, improve the efficiency, durability, performance, and functionality of mineral oils, synthetic oils, and biodegradable fluids, thereby enhancing the performance of machinery and engines. Fuel additives are chemical components that help oil refiners meet fuel specifications or formulated packages that improve the performance of gasoline, diesel, biofuels, and other fuels, resulting in lower operating costs, improved vehicle performance, and reduced emissions.

Lubricant Additives

Lubricant additives are essential ingredients for making lubricating oils. Lubricant additives are used in a wide variety of vehicle and industrial applications, including engine oils, transmission fluids, off-road powertrain and hydraulic systems, gear oils, hydraulic oils, turbine oils, and virtually any other application where metal-to-metal moving parts are utilized. Lubricant additives are organic and synthetic chemical components that enhance wear protection, prevent deposits, and protect against the hostile operating environment of an engine, transmission, axle, hydraulic pump, or industrial machine.

Lubricants are widely used in operating machinery from transportation vehicles to heavy industrial equipment to provide a layer of protection between moving mechanical parts. Without this layer of protection, the normal functioning of machinery would not occur. Effective lubricants reduce downtime and increase efficiency. Specifically, lubricants serve the following main functions:

•friction reduction—Friction is reduced by maintaining a thin film of lubricant between moving surfaces, preventing them from coming into direct contact with one another and reducing wear on moving machinery, thereby providing longer life and operational efficiency.

•heat removal—Lubricants act as coolants by removing heat resulting either from friction or through contact with other, higher temperature materials.

•containment of contaminants—Lubricants function by carrying contaminants away from the machinery and neutralizing the harmful impact of the by-products created by combustion.

The functionality of lubricants is created through an exact balance between a base fluid and performance-enhancing additives. This balance is the goal of effective formulations achieved by experienced research and development professionals. We offer a full line of lubricant additive packages, each of which is composed of component chemicals specially selected to perform desired functions. We manufacture most of the chemical components and blend these components to create formulated additive packages designed to meet industry and customer specifications. Lubricant additive components are generally classified based upon their intended functionality, including:

•detergents, which clean moving parts of engines and machines, suspend oil contaminants and combustion by-products, and absorb acidic combustion products;

•dispersants, which serve to inhibit the formation of sludge and particulates;

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•extreme pressure/antiwear agents, which reduce wear on moving engine and machinery parts;

•viscosity index modifiers, which improve the viscosity and temperature characteristics of lubricants and help the lubricant flow evenly to all parts of an engine or machine; and

•antioxidants, which prevent oil from degrading over time.

We are one of the leading global suppliers of specially formulated lubricant additives that combine some or all of the components described above to develop our products. Our products are highly formulated, complex chemical compositions derived from extensive research and testing to ensure all additive components work together to provide the intended results. Our products are engineered to meet specifications prescribed by either the industry or a specific customer. Purchasers of lubricant additives tend to be integrated oil companies or independent compounders/blenders. We make no sales directly to end-users or to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs).

We view our participation in the lubricant marketplace in three primary areas: engine oil additives, driveline additives, and industrial additives. Our view is not necessarily the same way others view the market.

Engine Oil Additives - The largest submarket within the lubricant additives marketplace is engine oil additives which consists of additives designed for passenger cars, motorcycles, on and off-road heavy duty commercial equipment, locomotives, and large engines in ocean-going vessels. We estimate engine oil additives represent approximately 70% of the overall lubricant additives market volume.

The engine oil market’s primary customers include consumers, fleet owners, mining and construction companies, farmers, railroads, shipping companies, service dealers, and OEMs. The primary functions of engine oil additives are to reduce friction, prevent wear, control formation of sludge and oxidation, and prevent rust. Engine oil additives are typically sold to lubricant manufacturers who combine them with a base oil fluid to meet internal, industry, and OEM specifications.

Key drivers of engine oil additives demand are the number of vehicles on the road, total vehicle miles driven, fuel economy, the average age of vehicles on the road, drain intervals, engine and crankcase size, changes in engine design, and temperature and specification changes driven by OEMs. The extension of drain intervals has generally offset increased demand due to higher vehicle population, new hardware, and more miles driven. Other key drivers include industrial production rates, agricultural output, mining and construction output, environmental regulations, and infrastructure investments of commercial companies. Afton offers products that enhance the performance of mineral, part-synthetic, and fully-synthetic engine oils.

Driveline Additives - The driveline additives submarket is comprised of additives designed for products such as transmission fluids, axle fluids, and off-road powertrain fluids. This submarket shares in the 30% of the market which is not covered by engine oil additives. Transmission fluids primarily serve as the power transmission and heat transfer medium in the area of the transmission where the torque of the drive shaft is transferred to the gears of the vehicle. Axle fluids lubricate gears and bearings in axles, and powertrain fluids are used in off-highway powertrain and hydraulic systems. Other products in this area include power steering fluids, shock absorber fluids, gear oils, and lubricants for heavy machinery. Additionally, as a leading additive supplier to the electric vehicle market, we are investing in and delivering new technologies to enable electric vehicle market growth to help reduce carbon emissions. We anticipated and are responding to the need for future lubricants to consider conductivity, the effect of electric fields, low friction/high speed, noise, and battery cooling or copper wire drawing. All driveline additives products must conform to highly prescribed specifications developed by vehicle OEMs for specific models or designs. Driveline additives are generally sold to oil companies for ultimate sale to vehicle OEMs for new vehicles (factory-fill), service dealers for aftermarket servicing (service-fill), retailers, and distributors.

Key drivers of the driveline additives marketplace are the number of vehicles manufactured, total number of vehicles in operation, drain intervals for transmission fluids and axle fluids, changes in engine and transmission design and temperatures, and specification changes driven by OEMs.

Industrial Additives - The industrial additives submarket is comprised of additives designed for products for industrial applications such as hydraulic fluids, grease, industrial gear fluids, and industrial specialty applications, such as turbine oils. This submarket also shares in the 30% of the market not covered by engine oil additives. These products must

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conform to industry specifications, OEM requirements, and/or application and operating environment demands. Industrial additives are generally sold to oil companies, service dealers for aftermarket servicing, and distributors.

Key drivers of the industrial additives marketplace are gross domestic product levels and industrial production.

Fuel Additives

Fuel additives are chemical compounds that are used to improve both the oil refining process and the performance of gasoline, diesel, biofuels, and other fuels. Benefits of fuel additives in the oil refining process include reduced use of crude oil, lower processing costs, and improved fuel storage properties. Fuel performance additives enhance fuel economy, improve ignition and combustion efficiency, reduce emission particulates, maintain engine cleanliness, and protect against deposits in fuel injectors, intake valves, and the combustion chamber. Our fuel additives are extensively tested and designed to meet stringent industry, government, OEM, and individual customer requirements.

Many different types of additives are used in fuels. Their use is generally determined by customer, industry, OEM, and government specifications, and often differs from country to country. The types of fuel additives we offer include:

•gasoline performance additives, which clean and maintain key elements of the fuel delivery systems, including fuel injectors and intake valves, in gasoline engines;

•diesel fuel performance additives, which perform similar cleaning functions in diesel engines;

•cetane improvers, which increase the cetane number (ignition quality) in diesel fuel by reducing the delay between injection and ignition;

•stabilizers, which reduce or eliminate oxidation in fuel;

•corrosion inhibitors, which minimize the corrosive effects of combustion by-products and prevent rust;

•lubricity additives, which restore lubricating properties lost in the refining process;

•cold flow improvers, which improve the pumping and flow of distillate and diesel fuels in cold temperatures; and

•static dissipating additives.

We offer a broad line of fuel additives worldwide and sell our products to major fuel marketers and refiners, as well as independent terminals and other fuel blenders.

Key drivers in the fuel additive marketplace include total vehicle miles driven, fuel economy, the introduction of new engine designs, regulations on emissions (both gasoline and diesel), quality of the crude oil slate and performance standards, and marketing programs of major oil companies.

Competition

We believe we are one of the four largest manufacturers and suppliers in the petroleum additives marketplace.

In the lubricant additives submarket, our major competitors are The Lubrizol Corporation (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc.), Infineum (a joint venture between ExxonMobil Chemical and Shell plc), and Chevron Oronite Company LLC. There are several other suppliers in the worldwide market who are competitors in their particular product areas.

The fuel additives submarket is characterized by more competitors. While we participate in many facets of the fuel additives market, our competitors tend to be more narrowly focused. In the gasoline detergent market, we compete mainly against BASF, Chevron Oronite Company LLC, Innospec Inc., and The Lubrizol Corporation. In the diesel and refinery markets, we compete mainly against The Lubrizol Corporation, Infineum, BASF, Clariant Ltd., Dorf Ketal, and Innospec Inc. We also compete against other regional companies in the fuel additives marketplace.

The competition among the participants in these industries is characterized by the need to provide customers with cost-effective, technologically-capable products that meet or exceed industry specifications. The need to continually increase technology performance and lower cost through formulation technology and cost improvement programs is vital for success in this environment.

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Specialty Materials - Our specialty materials segment is principally engaged in the production of both perchlorates, which include several grades of ammonium perchlorate, sodium perchlorate, and potassium perchlorate, and hydrazine, including Ultra Pure® and high-purity hydrazine.

Perchlorates - Ammonium perchlorate is a key component of solid rocket motors, booster motors, and missiles that are utilized in U.S. Department of War tactical and strategic missile programs. Ammonium perchlorate is also used in space exploration programs for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and commercial space launch vehicles.

We supply ammonium perchlorate for use in a number of defense and space launch programs of the U.S. and U.S. allies via U.S. government agencies, government contractors, and foreign contractors. Exporting ammonium perchlorate is subject to federal regulation that permits our foreign sales of ammonium perchlorate. We obtain export licenses on a case-by-case basis, which are dependent upon the ultimate use of our product.

Customers of ammonium perchlorate primarily consist of rocket motor manufacturers supplying the U.S. Department of War and NASA programs, as well as entities providing commercial space launch applications and foreign military applications.

Demand for ammonium perchlorate is program-specific and dependent upon, among other things, governmental appropriations. The need for tactical rockets, strategic missiles, and solid rocket boosters is anticipated to provide the base demand over the coming five-year period and beyond.

We also produce and sell different types and grades of sodium and potassium perchlorates, which have a wide variety of applications, including munitions, explosives, propellants, perchloric acid, initiators, electronics, batteries, plastics, electro-machining, and porcelain.

Hydrazine - Hydrazine is a highly reactive chemical used primarily in aerospace, defense, and space propulsion applications. We produce multiple grades of hydrazine, including Ultra Pure® and high-purity hydrazine, which are manufactured to meet stringent customer and program-specific specifications.

Hydrazine is a critical component in satellite propulsion systems, where it is used as a monopropellant for orbit insertion, station-keeping, attitude control, and deorbiting functions. These applications are integral to both government and commercial satellite programs, including national security, civil space, and communications constellations. Due to the demanding performance and reliability requirements of these missions, hydrazine products must meet exacting purity, stability, and contamination control standards.

We supply hydrazine products directly and through qualified distributors to U.S. government agencies, government contractors, and commercial aerospace customers, as well as to certain international customers subject to applicable export controls. The manufacture, handling, storage, transportation, and export of hydrazine are subject to extensive regulations, including environmental, safety, and export control requirements. Export sales are conducted in compliance with U.S. regulations and may require licensing depending on end use and destination.

Demand for hydrazine is driven by satellite production rates, launch activity, and on-orbit replacement cycles, as well as by governmental budgets and commercial space investment trends. We believe that long-term growth in satellite deployment, including defense, civil, and commercial space applications, will continue to support demand for high-purity hydrazine products.

Competition - We believe we are a leading manufacturer and seller of ammonium perchlorate globally. We are aware of other production capacity in the United States for perchlorate chemicals, including ammonium perchlorate, as well as production capacity in France, Japan, Brazil, China, India, and Taiwan. While we have limited information with respect to these facilities, we believe that these producers are not qualified as ammonium perchlorate suppliers for most U.S. Department of War and NASA programs, which represent the majority of domestic ammonium perchlorate demand.

Competition among producers of ammonium perchlorate is characterized by the ability to meet customer specifications including unique particle size requirements, reasonable lead times, and qualification of a given production process. The need to maintain a qualified production process and meet changing demand requirements is vital for success in this environment.

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We believe that we are the leading producer of Ultra Pure® and high-purity hydrazine in the U.S. We are aware of other hydrazine producers globally; however, not all producers are qualified to supply Ultra Pure® or high-purity hydrazine for aerospace, space propulsion, and defense applications. Qualification of a hydrazine supplier and production process can require extended testing, customer audits, and program approvals.

Competition in the hydrazine market is characterized by limited qualified producers, high regulatory barriers to entry, and strict customer qualification requirements. Customers evaluate suppliers based on product purity, consistency, safety performance, regulatory compliance, reliability of supply, and experience supporting mission-critical aerospace and defense programs.

All Other - The “All other” category includes the operations of the antiknock compounds business (primarily sales of antiknock compounds in North America), as well as certain contracted manufacturing and related services performed by Ethyl. Our Ethyl facility is located in Houston, Texas and is substantially dedicated to terminal operations related to antiknock compounds and other fuel additives. The financial results of the petroleum additives activities performed by Ethyl are reflected in the petroleum additives segment results. The “All other” category financial results include a service fee charged by Ethyl for its production services to Afton.

Raw Materials and Product Supply

Petroleum Additives - We use a variety of raw materials and chemicals in our manufacturing and blending processes and believe the sources of these are adequate for our current operations. The primary raw materials for Afton are base oil, polyisobutylene, antioxidants, alcohols, solvents, detergents, friction modifiers, olefins, and copolymers.

As the performance requirements of our products become more complex, we often work with highly specialized suppliers. In some cases, we source from a single supplier. In such cases, we manage our risk by maintaining safety stock of the raw material or qualifying alternate suppliers, which could take additional time to implement, but we are confident we can ensure continued supply for our customers.

While we have experienced improvement in the supply chain disruptions which impacted the petrochemicals industry over the past several years, we continuously monitor our raw material supply levels and adjust our procurement strategies as conditions require.

Specialty Materials - The primary raw materials are electricity, sodium chlorate, ammonia, chlorine, caustic, and hydrochloric acid. Graphite is utilized in the fabrication of the electrolytic cells used in the manufacturing process of perchlorates and is replaced on a periodic basis. All of the raw materials used in the manufacturing process are available in commercial quantities from multiple sources.

Research, Development, and Testing

Research, development, and testing (R&D) provides Afton with new performance-based solutions for our customers in the petroleum additives market. We develop products through a combination of chemical synthesis, formulation development, engineering design, and performance testing. In addition to developing new products, R&D provides our customers and OEMs with data to substantiate product differentiation and technical support to assure total customer satisfaction.

We are committed to providing the most advanced products, comprehensive testing programs, and superior technical solutions tailored to the needs of our customers and OEMs worldwide. Afton continues to successfully implement techniques to drive efficiency in technology discovery and development, while aligning our internal testing to market changes, research, customer support, and predictive capabilities around the world in support of our goals of providing market-driven technical leadership and performance-based differentiation. In 2025, we continued to invest in and progress our technology plans and have a team focused on adjacent spaces that can utilize our chemistry and technology.

Afton continues to develop new products and technology to keep our customers well-positioned for the future by meeting evolving OEM requirements, including specific demands of hybrid and electric vehicles, industry specifications, and environmental regulations. A significant portion of our R&D investment is dedicated to the development of products that are differentiated by their ability to deliver improved fuel efficiency and durability in addition to robust performance in a wide range of new vehicle and industrial equipment designs. Afton’s state-of-the art testing capabilities enable

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customized research in all areas of performance needed by both OEMs and tier one suppliers, including the latest advancements in e-mobility. Our leading-edge capabilities and fundamental understanding in the areas of combustion, friction control, energy efficiency, electric motor compatibility, and wear prevention are used to set the stage for next-generation products in all areas.

In line with Afton’s vision, we continue to focus our technology to make the world a better place by reducing the use of chemicals of concern, using more raw materials from sustainable sources, developing additives that enable some of the world’s most energy efficient fluids, creating fuel additives that enable engines to be more efficient, and being a market leader in transmission fluids for full battery electric vehicles. We continue to operate our laboratories safely with a focus on Vision of Zero - our vision of no injuries, accidents, incidents, or harm to the environment.

In 2025, we successfully launched new technologies across all our lubricant additives and fuel additives product areas. We developed new engine oil products for passenger cars and commercial trucks in support of our customers in all the major regions of the world in which we operate, including engine oil technology designed for the latest passenger cars and heavy duty engine oil (HDEO) specification, best in class electric vehicle transmission fluid, more robust fuel additives, as well as technology-leading industrial fluids.

We continued to develop new products in multiple application areas in the industrial additives sector, including hydraulic, industrial gear, turbine, slideway, and grease additives. Research is focused on the development of technologies that will provide differentiation to our customers in multiple performance areas, including equipment life, reliability, and energy efficiency, as well as eliminating or reducing chemicals of concern. This includes launching our next generation hydraulic and gear technology which maintains our technology leadership in this important market.

In the driveline additive submarket, research continued in our transmission fluid, axle oil, and tractor fluid product lines. This included the development of new OEM-specific additives used in factory-fill fluids installed during automotive component and vehicle assembly. We continue to launch new OEM-specific technology for full battery electric passenger and commercial vehicles and are a top supplier in this growing market. We developed new products for the service-fill sector to provide our customers with the latest additive technology available and continue to advance our market-leading and technology-leading battery electric vehicle transmission fluid which pushes the forefront of compatibility, gear protection, and efficiency.

We also provide leading technology in the fuel additives area. In 2025, we continued to implement our latest gasoline and diesel technology. Our next generation diesel technology is more efficient and is designed not only for conventional, but also renewable diesel. In addition, we continue to maintain close interactions with regulatory, industry, and OEM leaders to guide our development of future fuel additives technologies based on well-defined market needs.

Afton remains committed to providing the most advanced products, comprehensive testing programs, and superior technical solutions tailored to the needs of our customers and OEMs worldwide.

Intellectual Property

Our intellectual property, including our patents, licenses, and trademarks, is an important component of our business. We actively protect our inventions, new technologies, and product developments by filing patent applications and maintaining trade secrets. We currently own approximately 1,400 issued or pending United States and foreign patents. In addition, we have acquired the rights under patents and inventions of others through licenses or otherwise. We take care to respect the intellectual property rights of others, and we believe our products do not infringe upon those rights. We vigorously participate in patent opposition proceedings around the world, where necessary, to secure a technology base free of infringement. We believe our patent position is strong, aggressively managed, and sufficient for the conduct of our business.

We also have several hundred trademark registrations throughout the world for our marks, including NewMarket®, Afton Chemical®, Ethyl®, AMPAC®, HiTEC®, Passion for Solutions®, Halotron®, ZeenClean®, Scav-Ox®, Ultra Pure®, DriveMore®, and Axcel®.

Human Capital

Our Values are the foundation of our company and support the inclusive and respectful culture we have established in all of our locations around the world. Our Values include:

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•unquestionable integrity,

•respect for people,

•safety and environmental responsibility,

•partnership with customers and suppliers,

•continuously improving quality,

•good citizenship, and

•economic viability.

We place the highest level of commitment on safety and strive to operate our business every day focused on its importance. Keeping our employees safe is a management priority.

We have a diverse workforce, representative of the geographic regions in which we do business. We place a high value on diverse thoughts, skills, perspectives, cultures, and knowledge because we believe that such diversity results in better business decision making. We employed approximately 2,050 people at the end of 2025. Approximately 1,150 were located in the United States, 400 were in the Europe/Middle East/Africa/India region, 300 were in the Asia Pacific region, and 200 were in the Latin America region. Approximately 20% of our workforce is represented by unions.

When we hire new employees, our goal is that they stay with us for the remainder of their career. Hiring the right people for the long-term and developing them for key roles is a critical focus area. To be successful, we must attract and retain a highly qualified and technically competent workforce, including key employees in R&D and leadership positions. In addition to utilizing our internal network, contacts, and specialized recruiters to identify and attract qualified personnel, we have established relationships with a number of universities globally and have intern and co-op programs in many of our locations.

Globally, approximately 18% of our employees have 20 years or more of service, and over the three-year period from 2023 through 2025, our resignation rate was approximately 4.1%. We believe these measures demonstrate our success in hiring the right employees for the long-term and establishing a culture where respect for people is an everyday value.

Commitment to Environmental and Safety Excellence

Our commitment to the environment and safety excellence applies to every employee, contractor, and visitor every day, at every site. Safety and environmental responsibility are a way of life at NewMarket - enhancing operations, the way we work, and the relationships we maintain with our employees, customers, supply chain partners, and the communities in which we operate. Our objective is to establish a culture where our employees understand that good environmental and safety performance is good business and understand that environmental compliance and safety are individual responsibilities. Every employee at NewMarket is responsible for ensuring that our high standards in the area of health, safety (including process safety), environmental protection, and security are upheld at all times.

Our Global Responsible Care Policy Statement includes a commitment to conduct operations in a manner that protects our employees, communities, and the environment, to comply with all applicable laws and regulations, and to reduce our environmental impact. Additionally, in pursuit of our Vision of Zero, we work with our employees and other key stakeholders to establish appropriate goals, objectives, and targets.

Within NewMarket, our businesses are committed to globally implementing Responsible Care® (a registered service mark of the American Chemistry Council (ACC)) via formal EHS (environmental health and safety) Management Systems. Our Responsible Care® management systems are certified by independent third-party auditing processes. North American facilities within Ethyl and Afton have certified to RCMS and RC14001®, respectively. Additionally, Afton’s Feluy, Belgium; Suzhou, China; Tsukuba, Japan; Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Bracknell, England; and Singapore facilities are all certified to the environmental standard ISO 14001. The Singapore site is also certified to ISO 45001, a global occupational health and safety standard, and in 2025 became our first location to add ISO 50001 Energy Management certification. Our San Juan del Rio, Mexico site is formally certified to both RC 14001/ISO 14001. Afton’s Sauget, Illinois plant continues to proudly be an OSHA VPP (Voluntary Protection Program) “Star” worksite. The AMPAC site in Cedar City, Utah joined the ACC in 2024 and is pursuing RCMS certification. The newly acquired Calca

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site in Lake Charles, Louisiana has been a leader in the Society of Chemical Manufacturers and Affiliates (SOCMA), implementing their ChemStewards® program, and will also pursue RCMS certification in the future.

In 2025, we continued to enhance our “Actively Caring” safety program, where people look out for the safety and welfare of others with courage and compassion, enabling the achievement of an injury-free environment. The NewMarket worldwide injury/illness recordable rate (which is the number of injuries per 200,000 hours worked) was 1.10 in 2025. We had zero serious injuries in 2025 and achieved zero recordable injuries at many Afton facilities including our Singapore, Ashland Technical Center, Port Arthur, Suzhou, and Tsukuba facilities. Zero recordable injuries was also achieved for Calca, since its acquisition on October 1, 2025, and Ethyl. We continue to focus on our Vision of Zero improvement plans and actions across our sites to advance our safety-first culture. We launched a new investigation process for significant incidents that is delivering more thorough incident learning and better targeted corrective actions – while looking more deeply at root cause and contributing factors. This is helping our leaders demonstrate ownership and accountability to help reduce risk and drive improved performance. We share learnings across sites globally and remain more committed than ever to achieving our aspiration of zero injuries and incidents.

As members of the ACC, we provide data on metrics used to track environmental impact, safety, energy use, community outreach and emergency preparedness, greenhouse gas intensity, security and product stewardship performance along with other ACC member companies. These can be viewed on the American Chemistry Council website. The information on this website is not, and shall not be deemed to be, a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K or any other filings we make with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Governmental and Environmental Regulations

As a chemical company, we are subject to regulation by local, state, federal, and foreign governmental authorities specific to the production, distribution, management, and stewardship of chemicals. Certain portions of our specialty materials segment are subject to the International Traffic in Arms Regulations, a set of U.S. government regulations that controls the export of defense and military technologies, and its international sales require export licenses on a case-by-case basis.

In addition, in the United States and under similar foreign and state laws, we are subject to a variety of environmental laws and regulations, as well as environmental liabilities associated with the investigation and cleanup of hazardous substances. These liabilities may include personal injury, property damage, or natural resource damages arising from the release of, or exposure to, hazardous substances. They may be imposed on us in a range of situations without regard to violation of law or regulations. They may also be imposed jointly and severally, where one party may be held liable for a disproportionate share of the damages, up to and including the entire loss. These liabilities may include entities with any possible connection to the hazardous substances, including, for example, entities that formerly owned or operated a property or entities that arranged for disposal of hazardous substances from a property.

We believe we comply, in all material respects, with laws, regulations, statutes, and ordinances, including, but not limited to, those protecting the environment, as well as those related to the management and stewardship of chemicals. We have policies and procedures in place that establish regular reviews of our regulatory and environmental compliance and product stewardship and actively monitor any significant existing or potential regulatory changes or environmental issues that could materially affect us.

Our total accruals for environmental remediation, dismantling, and decontamination were approximately $14 million at December 31, 2025 and $11 million at December 31, 2024. As new technology becomes available, it may be possible to reduce accrued amounts. While we believe that we are currently fully accrued for known environmental issues, it is possible that unexpected future costs could have a significant financial impact on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

The costs of complying with existing environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations as they pertain to our products and operations, including remediation, closure, and post-closure costs, are primarily included in cost of goods sold. We spent approximately $44 million in 2025, $37 million in 2024, and $41 million in 2023 for ongoing environmental operating and clean-up costs, excluding depreciation of previously capitalized expenditures.

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In addition to the ongoing environmental compliance costs and the costs to remediate contaminated sites, worldwide capital expenditures for pollution prevention and safety projects were $12 million in 2025, $13 million in 2024, and $10 million in 2023.

The costs of complying with governmental pollution prevention and safety regulations are subject to:

•potential changes in applicable statutes and regulations (or their enforcement and interpretation);

•uncertainty as to the success of anticipated solutions to pollution problems;

•uncertainty as to whether additional expense may prove necessary; and

•potential for emerging technology to affect remediation methods and reduce associated costs.

Availability of Reports Filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and Corporate Governance Documents

Our website address is www.newmarket.com. We make available, free of charge through our website, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), as soon as reasonably practicable after such documents are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. The information on our website is not, and shall not be deemed to be, a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or incorporated by reference in this Annual Report on Form 10-K or any other filings we make with the SEC. We file our annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov.

Information about our Executive Officers

The names and ages of all executive officers as of February 12, 2026 follow.


Name	Age	Positions
Thomas E. Gottwald	65	Chairman of the Board, President, and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Timothy K. Fitzgerald	49	Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer )
Bruce R. Hazelgrove, III	65	Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer
Bryce D. Jewett, III	51	Executive Vice President and General Counsel
Brian D. Paliotti	49	President, Afton Chemical Corporation

Our officers, at the discretion of the Board of Directors, hold office until the meeting of the Board of Directors following the next annual shareholders’ meeting. Mr. Gottwald, Mr. Hazelgrove, and Mr. Jewett have served in their capacity for at least the last five years. Mr. Fitzgerald and Mr. Paliotti have served in their capacities for less than five years.

Mr. Fitzgerald joined the company in November 2014 as Operations Finance Director, became Treasurer and Finance Director on January 1, 2024, and was appointed Vice President and Chief Financial Officer on January 1, 2025. Mr. Paliotti joined NewMarket in June 2008 as Financial Officer for Afton Chemical Corporation, was appointed Senior Financial Officer of NewMarket Services Corporation in October 2011, promoted to Vice President, Finance of NewMarket Services Corporation in May 2013, and promoted to Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in January 2015. He became President of Afton Chemical Corporation on January 1, 2023.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Our business is subject to many factors that could have a material adverse effect on our future performance, results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows and could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed

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or implied by forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Those risk factors are outlined below.

Market and Supply Chain Risks

•Sudden, sharp, or prolonged changes in the prices of and/or demand for raw materials may adversely affect our profit margins.

We utilize a variety of raw materials in the manufacture of our products, including base oil, polyisobutylene, antioxidants, alcohols, solvents, detergents, friction modifiers, olefins, and copolymers. We may also enter into contracts which commit us to purchase some of our more critical raw materials based on anticipated demand. Our profitability is sensitive to changes in the quantities of raw materials we may need and the costs of those materials which may be caused by changes in supply, demand or other market conditions, including general inflation, over which we have little or no control. Political and economic conditions globally have caused, and may continue to cause, our demand for and the cost of our raw materials to fluctuate. War, armed hostilities, terrorist acts, civil unrest, inclement weather events, tariffs, or other incidents may also cause a sudden, sharp, or prolonged change in our demand for and the cost of our raw materials. We cannot assure that we will be able to pass on to our customers any future increases in raw material costs in the form of price increases for our products. If our demand for raw materials were to decline such that we would not have need for the quantities required to be purchased under commitment agreements, we could incur additional charges that would affect our profitability.

•Lack of availability of raw materials, including sourcing from some single suppliers, could negatively impact our ability to meet customer demand.

The chemical industry can experience limited supply of certain materials. In addition, in some cases, we choose to source from a single supplier. Any significant disruption in supply, for any reason, could adversely affect our ability to obtain raw materials, which in turn could adversely affect our ability to ensure continued supply for our customers and to meet customer demand.

•Competitive pressures could adversely affect our margins and profitability.

We face significant competition in all of the product lines and markets in which we operate. We expect that our competitors will develop and introduce new and enhanced products, which could cause a decline in the market acceptance of certain products we manufacture. In addition, as a result of price competition, we may be compelled to reduce the prices for some of our products, which could adversely affect our margins and profitability. Some of our competitors may also have greater financial, technological, and other resources than we have and may be able to maintain greater operating and financial flexibility than we are able to maintain. As a result, these competitors may be able to better withstand changes in conditions within our industry, changes in the prices for raw materials, and changes in general economic conditions.

•We rely on a small number of significant customers concentrated in the lubricant and fuel industries. The loss of sales to any of these customers could significantly reduce our revenues and negatively affect our profitability.

Our principal customers are multinational oil companies in the lubricant and fuel industries. These industries are characterized by the concentration of a few large participants. This concentration of customers affects our overall risk profile, since our customers will be similarly affected by changes in economic, geopolitical, and industry conditions. Many factors affect the level of our customers’ spending on our products, including, among others, general business conditions, changes in technology, interest rates, oil prices, and consumer confidence in future economic conditions. A sudden or protracted downturn in these industries could adversely affect the buying power of, and purchases by, our customers. The loss of a significant customer or a material reduction in purchases by a significant customer could reduce our revenues and negatively affect our profitability.

•A significant portion of our specialty materials business is under contracts with contractors or subcontractors of the U.S. government or directly with the U.S. government. These contracts are impacted by governmental priorities, as well as shutdowns, and are subject to potential fluctuations in

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funding or early termination, including for convenience, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

Sales to U.S. government contractors and subcontractors, as well as directly to the U.S. government, represent a significant portion of our specialty materials business. Funding of U.S. governmental programs is generally subject to annual congressional appropriations, which are subject to change. In the case of major programs, U.S. government contracts are usually incrementally funded. In addition, U.S. government expenditures for defense and space programs may fluctuate from year to year, and specific programs may be terminated or curtailed. The U.S. government often has the ability to terminate contracts, in whole or in part, for convenience. If this were to occur, the full profit anticipated under a given contract is unlikely to be realized. A shift in governmental priorities, programs, strategies, or funding levels impacting the defense and space industries more generally or the specific areas of those industries in which we operate could negatively affect our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

Operational Risks

•A disruption in the availability or capacity of distribution systems could negatively impact our ability to meet our customers’ needs and affect our competitive position.

We rely on a variety of modes of transportation to deliver products to our customers, including rail cars, cargo ships, and trucks. We depend upon the availability of a distribution infrastructure to deliver our products in a safe and timely manner. Any disruptions in this infrastructure network, whether caused by human error, accidents, armed conflicts, deliberate acts of violence, limitations on capacity, repairs and improvements to infrastructure components, earthquakes, storms, or other natural disasters, could adversely affect our ability to meet customer demand.

•A significant disruption or disaster at one of our production facilities, including those facilities which are sole producers of certain of our products, could result in our inability to meet production requirements and projected customer demand resulting in a negative impact to our profitability and relationships with our customers. These could also potentially result in us incurring significant liabilities.

We are dependent upon the continued safe operation of our production facilities. Several of the products we sell are produced only in one location. A prolonged disruption or disaster at one of our facilities could result in our inability to meet production requirements.

Our production facilities are subject to various hazards associated with the manufacturing, handling, storage, and transportation of chemical materials and products, including some that are reactive, explosive, and flammable. Such hazards could include leaks, ruptures, chemical spills, explosions, or fires which result in the discharge or release of toxic or hazardous substances or gases; mechanical failures; unscheduled downtime; and environmental hazards. The occurrence of any of these hazards could cause a disruption in the production of our products and may diminish our ability to meet output goals. These sites may also experience significant disruptions in operations due to inclement weather, natural disasters, flooding, and levee breaches. We cannot assure that our facilities will not experience these types of hazards and disruptions in the future or that these incidents will not result in production delays and affect our ability to meet production requirements. Any such hazards or disruptions at our facilities could result in us losing revenue or not being able to maintain our relationships with our customers.

Additionally, some of the hazards or disruptions mentioned above could result in significant liabilities related to personal injury and loss of life; severe damage to, or destruction of, property and equipment; and environmental contamination.

•Our research and development efforts are costly and may not succeed, which could impair our ability to meet our customers’ needs, affect our competitive position, and result in a loss of market share.

The petroleum additives industry is subject to periodic technological change, changes in performance standards, and ongoing product improvements. Further, technological changes in some or all of our customers’ products or processes, including the development and customer acceptance of electric vehicles, may make some of our products obsolete. As a result, the life cycle of our products is often hard to predict. In order to maintain our

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profits and remain competitive, we must effectively respond to technological changes in our industry and successfully develop, manufacture, and market new or improved products in a cost-effective and timely manner. As a result, we must commit substantial resources each year to research and development to maintain and enhance our technological capabilities and meet our customers’ changing needs. Ongoing investments in research and development for future products could result in higher costs without a proportional increase in profits. Additionally, for any new product program, there is a risk of technical or market failure in which case we may not be able to develop the new commercial products needed to maintain and enhance our competitive position, or we may need to commit additional resources to new product development programs. Moreover, new products may have lower margins than the products they replace.

•In order to be successful, we must attract and retain a highly qualified workforce, including key employees in R&D and leadership positions.

The success of our business is highly dependent on our ability to attract and retain highly qualified personnel to support our research and development efforts and our agility in effectively responding to technological changes in our business. To the extent that the demand for skilled personnel exceeds supply, we could experience higher labor, recruiting, or training costs in order to attract and retain such a work force. We compete with other companies for qualified technical and scientific personnel such as chemical, mechanical, and industrial engineers. To the extent that we lose experienced personnel through wage competition, normal attrition (including retirement), or other means, we must be able to attract qualified candidates to fill those positions and successfully manage the transfer of critical knowledge from those individuals leaving our company. An inability to maintain a highly qualified technical workforce could adversely affect our competitive position and result in a loss of market share.

We also must manage leadership development and succession planning throughout our business. To the extent that we are unable to attract, develop, and retain leadership talent successfully, we could experience business disruptions that adversely affect our ability to grow our business.

•Failure to protect our intellectual property rights could harm our competitive position and could adversely affect our future performance and growth.

Protection of our proprietary processes, methods, compounds, and other technologies is important to our business. We depend upon our ability to develop and protect our intellectual property rights to distinguish our products from those of our competitors. Failure to protect our existing intellectual property rights may result in the loss of valuable technologies or having to pay other companies for infringing on their intellectual property rights. An inability to continue using certain of our trademarks or service marks could result in the loss of brand recognition and could require us to devote additional resources to advertise, rebrand our products, and market our brands. See Item 1, “Business-Intellectual Property.”

We rely on a combination of patent, trade secret, trademark, and copyright laws, as well as judicial enforcement, to protect our intellectual property and technologies. We cannot assure that the measures taken by us to protect these assets and rights will provide meaningful protection or that adequate remedies will be available in the event of an unauthorized use or disclosure of our trade secrets or manufacturing expertise. We cannot assure that any of our intellectual property rights will not be challenged, invalidated, circumvented, or rendered unenforceable. In addition, we have manufacturing operations in countries where we may not have the same strength of intellectual property protection and enforcement as in North America or Europe, resulting in a greater risk of a third party appropriating our intellectual property.

Furthermore, we cannot assure that any pending patent application filed by us will result in an issued patent, or if patents are issued to us, that those patents will provide meaningful protection against competitors or against competitive technologies. We could face patent infringement claims from our competitors or others alleging that our processes or products infringe on their proprietary technologies. If we were found to be infringing on the proprietary technology of others, we may be liable for damages, and we may be required to change our processes, redesign our products partially or completely, pay to use the technology of others, or stop using certain technologies or producing the infringing product entirely. Even if we ultimately prevail in an infringement suit, the existence of the suit could prompt customers to switch to products that are not the subject

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of infringement suits. We may not prevail in any intellectual property litigation, and such litigation may result in significant legal costs or otherwise impede our ability to produce and distribute key products.

We also rely on unpatented proprietary manufacturing expertise, continuing technological innovation, trade secrets, and other intellectual property to develop and maintain our competitive position. While we generally enter into confidentiality agreements with our employees and third parties to protect our intellectual property, we cannot assure that our confidentiality agreements will not be breached, that they will provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets and proprietary manufacturing expertise, or that adequate remedies will be available in the event of an unauthorized use or disclosure of our trade secrets or manufacturing expertise.

In addition, our trade secrets and know-how may be improperly obtained by other means, such as a breach of our information technology security systems or direct theft. Any unauthorized disclosure of our material know-how or trade secrets could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

•An information technology system failure may adversely affect our business.

We rely on information technology systems, some of which are managed by third parties, to transact our business. An information technology system failure due to computer viruses, internal or external security breaches, cybersecurity attacks, power interruptions, hardware failures, fire, natural disasters, human error or other causes could disrupt our operations, lead to loss of confidential information (such as the personally identifiable information of individuals, including our employees) or intellectual property, and/or prevent us from being able to process transactions with our customers, operate our manufacturing facilities, and properly report transactions in a timely manner. Cybersecurity threats, in particular, continue to increase in sophistication. We have security processes and disaster recovery plans in place to mitigate these threats. Nonetheless, these may not be sufficient to identify a threat in a timely manner or protect our operations from such a threat, potentially resulting in financial, legal, business, or reputational damage to our company.

A significant or protracted information technology system failure may adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

Furthermore, we are subject to evolving cybersecurity and data privacy rules and regulations, such as the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation, in countries, states, and other jurisdictions where we conduct business. Any failure to comply with these rules and regulations could result in significant financial penalties and increase our cost of doing business.

•The occurrence or threat of extraordinary events, including domestic or international terrorist attacks, war, armed hostilities, or health-related epidemics, may disrupt our operations, decrease demand for our products, and increase our expenses.

Chemical-related assets may be at greater risk of future terrorist attacks than other possible targets in the United States and throughout the world. Federal legislation has imposed significant site security requirements, specifically on chemical manufacturing facilities. Federal regulations have also been enacted to increase the security of the transportation of hazardous chemicals in the United States. The enactment of further federal regulations to increase the security of the transportation of hazardous chemicals in the United States could increase our cost of doing business.

The occurrence of extraordinary events, including future terrorist attacks, the outbreak or escalation of war, armed hostilities, or a health-related epidemic cannot be predicted, but their occurrence can be expected to negatively affect the economy in general, as well as the markets for our products, and could result in production downtime. In addition, the damage from a direct attack on our facilities or other assets or on facilities or other assets used by us could include loss of life or property damage, and our insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover all of the damage incurred or securing coverage for these types of events may be prohibitively expensive.

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•We face risks related to our foreign operations that may negatively affect our business.

In 2025, sales to customers outside of the United States accounted for approximately 61% of consolidated net sales. We do business in all major regions of the world, some of which do not have stable economies or governments. In particular, we sell and market products in countries experiencing political and/or economic instability in the Middle East, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Europe. Our international operations are subject to international business risks, including unsettled political conditions, war, expropriation, import and export restrictions, tariffs, trade policies, increases in royalties, exchange controls, national and regional labor strikes, taxes, government royalties, inflationary or unstable economies, currency exchange rate fluctuations, and changes in laws and policies governing operations of foreign-based companies (such as restrictions on repatriation of earnings or proceeds from liquidated assets of foreign subsidiaries). The occurrence of any one or a combination of these factors may increase our costs or have other adverse effects on our business.

•The insurance we maintain may not fully cover all potential exposures.

We maintain property, business interruption, and casualty insurance, but such insurance may not cover all risks associated with the hazards of our business and is subject to limitations, including deductibles and maximum liabilities covered. We may incur losses beyond the limits, or outside the coverage, of our insurance policies, including liabilities for environmental remediation. In the future, we may not be able to obtain coverage at current levels, and our premiums may increase significantly on coverage that we maintain.

Legislative and Regulatory Risks

•Our business could be adversely affected by current and future governmental regulation.

We are subject to regulation by local, state, federal, and foreign governmental authorities. In some circumstances, before we may sell certain products, these authorities must approve these products, our manufacturing processes, and our facilities. We are also subject to ongoing reviews of our products, manufacturing processes, and facilities by governmental authorities. Any delay in obtaining or failure to obtain or maintain these approvals would adversely affect our ability to introduce new products and generate sales from those products.

New laws and regulations, including climate change regulations and global tax legislation, may be introduced in the future and could result in additional compliance costs, which could prevent or inhibit the development, distribution, and sale of our products. If we fail to comply with applicable laws and regulations, we may be subject to civil remedies, including fines, injunctions, recalls, or seizures.

We are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act, and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions which generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to foreign officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. We are also subject to export and import laws and regulations which restrict trading with embargoed or sanctioned countries and certain individuals. Although we have policies and procedures designed to facilitate compliance with these laws and regulations, our employees, contractors and agents may take actions in violation of our policies. Any such violation, even if prohibited by our policies, could adversely affect our business and/or our reputation.

•Legal proceedings and other claims could impose substantial costs on us.

We are involved in numerous administrative and legal proceedings that result from, and are incidental to, the conduct of our business. From time to time, these proceedings involve environmental, product liability, tetraethyl lead, premises asbestos liability, and other matters. See Item 3, “Legal Proceedings.” There is no assurance that our available insurance will cover these claims, that our insurers will not challenge coverage for certain claims, or that final damage awards will not exceed our available insurance coverage.

At any given time, we are involved in claims, litigation, administrative proceedings, and investigations of various types in a number of jurisdictions involving potential environmental liabilities, including clean-up costs associated with waste disposal sites, natural resource damages, property damage, and personal injury. We cannot assure that the resolution of these environmental matters will not have an adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

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•Environmental matters could have a substantial negative impact on our business.

As a manufacturer and distributor of chemical products, we are generally subject to extensive local, state, federal, and foreign environmental, safety, and health laws and regulations concerning, among other things, emissions to the air; discharges to land and water; the generation, handling, treatment, and disposal of hazardous waste and other materials; and remediation of contaminated soil, as well as surface and ground water. Our operations entail the risk of violations of those laws and regulations, many of which provide for substantial fines and criminal sanctions for violations. We believe that we comply in all material respects with laws, regulations, statutes, and ordinances protecting the environment, including those related to the discharge of materials. However, we cannot assure that we have been or will be at all times in compliance with all of these requirements.

In addition, these requirements, and the enforcement or interpretation of these requirements, may become more stringent in the future. Although we cannot predict the ultimate cost of compliance with any such requirements, the costs could be material. Noncompliance could subject us to material liabilities, such as government fines, damages arising from third-party lawsuits, or the suspension and potential cessation of non-compliant operations. We may also be required to make significant site or operational modifications at substantial cost. Future developments could also restrict or eliminate the use of or require us to make modifications to our products.

There may be environmental problems associated with our properties of which we are unaware. The discovery of environmental liabilities attached to our properties could have an adverse effect on our business even if we did not create or cause the problem.

We may also face liability arising from current or future claims alleging personal injury, product liability, or property damage due to exposure to chemicals or other hazardous substances, such as premises asbestos, at or from our facilities. We may also face liability for personal injury, product liability, property damage, natural resource damage, or clean-up costs for the alleged migration of contaminants or hazardous substances from our facilities or for future accidents or spills.

In some cases, we have been identified, and in the future may be identified, as a potentially responsible party (PRP) in connection with state and federal laws regarding environmental clean-up projects. As a PRP, we may be liable for a share of the costs associated with cleaning up hazardous waste sites, such as a landfill to which we may have sent waste.

The ultimate costs and timing of environmental liabilities are difficult to predict. Liability under environmental laws relating to contaminated sites can be imposed retroactively and on a joint and several basis. A liable party could be held responsible for all costs at a site, whether currently or formerly owned or operated, regardless of fault, knowledge, timing of the contamination, cause of the contamination, percentage of contribution to the contamination, or the legality of the original disposal. We could incur significant costs, including clean-up costs, natural resource damages, civil or criminal fines and sanctions, and third-party claims, as a result of past or future violations of, or liabilities under, environmental laws.

Financial and Economic Risks

•A substantial amount of indebtedness could adversely impact our business and limit our operational and financial flexibility.

We have incurred, and may in the future incur, substantial amounts of indebtedness to support our operations, including financing acquisitions or other investment opportunities. To the degree that our indebtedness is at variable interest rates, increasing interest rates in the market will result in higher interest expense in our results of operations. Substantial amounts of indebtedness could, among other things, require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow to repaying and servicing our indebtedness, thus reducing the amount of funds available for other general corporate purposes; limit our ability to borrow additional funds necessary for working capital, capital expenditures or other general corporate purposes; and limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business.

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Our ability to make payments on or refinance our indebtedness will depend on our ability to generate cash from operations in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other factors that are beyond our control.

We cannot guarantee that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us under our credit facilities in an amount sufficient to enable us to repay our debt, service our indebtedness, or to fund other liquidity needs. Furthermore, substantially all of our business is conducted through our subsidiaries, and we cannot guarantee that our subsidiaries will be able to distribute funds to us for these purposes.

We may need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before maturity. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

Additionally, our debt instruments contain restrictive covenants. These covenants may constrain our activities and limit our operational and financial flexibility. Failure to comply with these covenants could result in an event of default.

•We are exposed to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, which may adversely affect our results of operations.

We conduct our business in the local currency of many of the countries in which we operate. The financial condition and results of operations of our foreign operating subsidiaries are reported in the relevant local currency and then translated to U.S. Dollars at the applicable currency exchange rate for inclusion in our consolidated financial statements. Changes in exchange rates between these foreign currencies and the U.S. Dollar will affect the recorded amounts of our assets and liabilities, as well as our revenues, costs, and operating margins. The primary foreign currencies in which we have exchange rate fluctuation exposure are the European Union Euro, British Pound Sterling, Japanese Yen, Chinese Renminbi, Indian Rupee, Singapore Dollar, Mexican Peso, Australian Dollar, and Canadian Dollar. Exchange rates between these currencies and the U.S. Dollar have fluctuated significantly in recent years and may do so in the future.

•We could be required to make additional contributions to our pension plans, which may be underfunded due to any underperformance of equity markets.

Our pension plan asset allocation is predominantly weighted towards equities. Cash contribution requirements to our pension plans are sensitive to changes in our plans’ actual return on assets. Reductions in our plans’ return on assets due to poor performance of equity markets could cause our pension plans to be underfunded and require us to make additional cash contributions.

Acquisition and Investment Risks

•We may be unable to complete a proposed acquisition transaction due to a lack of regulatory approval or the failure of one or more parties to satisfy conditions to close. In addition, we may not be able to realize the expected benefits from acquisitions or from investments in our infrastructure, or it may take longer to realize those benefits than originally planned. The inability to achieve our objectives related to these activities could result in unanticipated expenses and losses.

As part of our business growth strategy, we intend to continue pursuing acquisitions and investing in our infrastructure. Our ability to implement these components of our growth strategy will be limited by our ability to identify appropriate acquisition or joint venture candidates; our ability to complete proposed transactions, which may be subject to, among other things, regulatory approval or the parties' satisfaction of conditions required for closing; and the availability of financial resources, including cash and borrowing capacity. When we acquire new businesses or invest in infrastructure improvements (for example, building new plant facilities), we consider the benefits we expect to realize and time frames over which we will realize those benefits. The expenses incurred in completing these types of activities, the time it takes to integrate the activities into our ongoing business, or our failure to realize the expected benefits from the activities in the planned time frames could result in unanticipated expenses and losses. The process of integrating acquired operations into our existing operations may result in unforeseen operating difficulties and may require significant financial resources that would otherwise be available for the ongoing development or expansion of existing operations.

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In addition, our ability to realize the expected benefits from our recent acquisitions is subject to several factors. These include our ability to retain key personnel, our ability to maintain relationships with suppliers and customers, and our ability to integrate them into certain information technology systems, operational systems, procedures, or controls without disrupting their operations.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY

Material Risks from Cybersecurity Threats

Our operations and other aspects of our business rely heavily on various information technology systems, some of which are managed by third parties. We face significant cybersecurity threats, which are continuously increasing in sophistication, including computer viruses, internal and external security breaches, and other cyber attacks. These threats could disrupt our operations, lead to the loss of confidential information (such as the personally identifiable information of individuals, including our employees), and hinder our ability to process transactions with customers, operate our manufacturing facilities, and accurately report transactions in a timely manner. To manage these cybersecurity risks, our organization leverages the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework. We have implemented comprehensive policies and procedures that facilitate the timely identification and reporting of cyber incidents.

Additionally, we have established protective measures for the forensic analysis of cyber incidents. While we are proactive in our efforts to mitigate these threats through robust security processes and disaster recovery plans, the evolving nature of cybersecurity threats means that our systems may not always be able to identify or protect against a threat promptly or at all. As a result, there is a continuous risk of potential financial, legal, business, and reputational damage to our company stemming from cybersecurity threats.

Our Information Technology team is dedicated to and responsible for assessing and managing cybersecurity threats. Our Information Technology Director, who has over 25 years of experience in information security serving in roles of increasing responsibility, works with our cybersecurity employees to set priorities and is responsible for cybersecurity oversight and the escalation of incidents with business impact to senior leadership based on our Information Security Incident Management Policy.

We utilize specialized third-party services and tools for identifying, protecting against, and detecting cyber incidents, and also partner with external cybersecurity experts and vendors to augment our internal security team. Through these third-party services, our detection capabilities include, but are not limited to, real-time monitoring, intrusion detection systems, and advanced analytics to identify abnormal patterns of behavior. These third-party detection tools provide real-time alerts, log aggregation, and threat intelligence feeds, which are integrated into our incident response platform.

Additionally, we engage third-parties to conduct independent assessments of our cybersecurity posture that evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of our detection capabilities, along with our response mechanisms, and overall risk management.

Third-party service providers are integral to our business operations and are incorporated into our enterprise-wide risk management program, which subjects the providers to rigorous vetting processes and ongoing oversight. We use specialized monitoring tools that evaluate the cybersecurity posture of our third-party providers using a cybersecurity scorecard. This allows us to continually assess the cybersecurity risk levels associated with these external partners.

Our approach to managing cybersecurity risks (including third-party risk) is part of a continuous improvement process, both in the context of cybersecurity and broader operational risk management. This ongoing process, which includes employee training, is aimed at routinely reviewing and, as necessary, improving our oversight processes and tools to ensure they remain effective and resilient in their management of cybersecurity risk.

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Material Impact of Cybersecurity Threats

While we have yet to experience a material cybersecurity event, we acknowledge the persistent and evolving nature of these threats, which have the potential to materially impact our business strategy, operations, and financial standing adversely. See Item 1A, "Risk Factors" under the operational risks section for more information. We maintain robust policies and procedures focused on cybersecurity incident management, ensuring timely communication and escalation to all relevant stakeholders. This enables faster response and effective communication, including public disclosure if a material cybersecurity event were to occur.

Board of Directors Oversight

The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board of Directors (the Committee) oversees risks related to cybersecurity, including the security of corporate information and the steps management is taking to monitor and control these risks. Management regularly briefs the Committee on our cybersecurity risk profile, emerging threats, and the efficacy of our risk mitigation strategies, including our continuous improvement initiatives. These initiatives aim to enhance the resiliency of our cybersecurity program as well as our broader operational risk management strategies.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

Our principal operating properties are shown below. Unless indicated, we own the research, development, and testing facilities, which primarily support the petroleum additives business segment, as well as the manufacturing and distribution properties.


Research, Development, and Testing						Richmond, Virginia Bracknell, England Tsukuba, Japan Ashland, Virginia Suzhou, China

Manufacturing and Distribution						Feluy, Belgium (lubricant additives; also storage and distribution) Houston, Texas (lubricant and fuel additives; also storage and distribution) Jurong Island, Singapore (lubricant and fuel additives; leased land) Port Arthur, Texas (lubricant additives) Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (lubricant and fuel additives storage and distribution; equipment is owned; building is leased) San Juan del Rio, Mexico (lubricant additives) Sauget, Illinois (lubricant additives) Cedar City, Utah (specialty materials) Lake Charles, Louisiana (specialty materials)

We own our corporate headquarters located in Richmond, Virginia, and generally lease our regional and sales offices in a number of locations worldwide.

NewMarket Development manages the real property we own in Richmond, Virginia consisting of approximately 50 acres. Our corporate offices are included in this acreage, as well as a research and testing facility and several acres dedicated to other uses. We are exploring various development opportunities for portions of the property as the demand warrants. This effort is ongoing in nature.

Production Capacity

We believe our plants and supply agreements are sufficient to meet expected sales levels. Operating rates of the plants vary with product mix and normal sales swings. We believe that our facilities are well maintained and in good operating condition.

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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are involved in legal proceedings that are incidental to our business and may include administrative or judicial actions. Some of these legal proceedings involve governmental authorities and relate to environmental matters. For further information, see the Environmental section in Note 21 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data".

While it is not possible to predict or determine with certainty the outcome of any legal proceeding, we believe the outcome of any of these proceedings, or all of them combined, will not result in a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

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PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Our common stock, with no par value, is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol “NEU.” We had 1,669 shareholders of record as of January 31, 2026.

On December 12, 2024, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing management to repurchase up to $500 million of NewMarket's outstanding common stock beginning January 1, 2025 and until December 31, 2027, as market conditions warrant and covenants under our existing debt agreements permit. We may conduct the share repurchases in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, through block trades, or pursuant to trading plans intended to comply with Rule 10b5-1 and/or Rule 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The repurchase program does not require us to acquire any specific number of shares and may be terminated or suspended at any time. At December 31, 2025, approximately $428 million remained available under this authorization. There were no purchases during the fourth quarter of 2025 under this authorization.

Cash dividends declared and paid totaled $11.25 per share for the year ended December 31, 2025, and $10.00 per share for the year ended December 31, 2024. The declaration and payment of dividends is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors. Future dividends will depend on various factors, including our financial condition, earnings, cash requirements, legal requirements, restrictions in agreements governing our outstanding indebtedness, and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.

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The performance graph of the five-year cumulative total return on our common stock as compared to chemical companies in the S&P 1500 Specialty Chemicals Index and the S&P 500 is shown below. The graph assumes $100 invested on the last day of December 2020, and the reinvestment of all dividends. The graph is based on historical data and is not intended to be a forecast or indication of future performance of our common stock.

Performance Graph

Comparison of Five-Year Cumulative Total Return

Performance Through December 31, 2025


	December 31,
	2020		2021		2022		2023		2024		2025
NewMarket Corporation	$	100.00	$	88.09	$	82.21	$	147.25	$	145.09	$	191.93
S&P 1500 Specialty Chemicals Index	100.00		127.74		95.97		110.28		108.35		109.07
S&P 500	100.00		128.71		105.40		133.10		166.40		196.16

The graph and table above are not deemed “filed” with the SEC for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, nor are they incorporated by reference into other filings made by us with the SEC.

ITEM 6. RESERVED

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) discusses NewMarket's results of operations, general financial condition, and liquidity. The MD&A should be read in conjunction with Item 1, "Business" and the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." Specific Note references within this Item are to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data."

Forward-Looking Statements

The following discussion, as well as other discussions in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, contains forward-looking statements about future events and expectations within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We have based these forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future results. When we use words in this document such as “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “expects,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “will,” and similar expressions, we do so to identify forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements we make regarding future prospects of growth in the petroleum additives or specialty materials markets, other trends in these markets, our ability to maintain or increase our market share, and our future capital expenditure levels and our future financial results.

We believe our forward-looking statements are based on reasonable expectations and assumptions, within the bounds of what we know about our business and operations. However, we offer no assurance that actual results will not differ materially from our expectations due to uncertainties and factors that are difficult to predict and beyond our control.

Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations include, but are not limited to, the availability of raw materials and distribution systems; disruptions at production facilities, including single-sourced facilities; hazards common to chemical businesses; the ability to respond effectively to technological changes in our industries; failure to protect our intellectual property rights; sudden, sharp, or prolonged raw material price increases; competition from other manufacturers; current and future governmental regulations; the loss of significant customers; termination or changes to contracts with contractors and subcontractors of the U.S. government or directly with the U.S. government; failure to attract and retain a highly-qualified workforce; an information technology system failure or security breach; the occurrence or threat of extraordinary events, including natural disasters, terrorist attacks, wars, and health-related epidemics; risks related to operating outside of the United States, including tariffs and trade policy; political, economic, and regulatory factors concerning our products; the impact of substantial indebtedness on our operational and financial flexibility; the impact of fluctuations in foreign exchange rates; resolution of environmental liabilities or legal proceedings; limitation of our insurance coverage; our inability to realize expected benefits from investment in our infrastructure or from acquisitions, or our inability to successfully integrate acquisitions into our business; and the underperformance of our pension assets resulting in additional cash contributions to our pension plans. Risk factors are discussed in Item 1A. “Risk Factors.”

You should keep in mind that any forward-looking statement made by us in this discussion or elsewhere speaks only as of the date on which we make it. New risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict these events or how they may affect us. We have no duty to, and do not intend to, update or revise the forward-looking statements in this discussion after the date hereof, except as may be required by law. In light of these risks and uncertainties, any forward-looking statement made in this discussion or elsewhere might not occur.

OVERVIEW

When comparing the results of the petroleum additives segment for 2025 with 2024, net sales declined 3.9%, resulting primarily from lower product shipments. Petroleum additives operating profit decreased 12.1% when comparing the 2025 and 2024 periods, primarily reflecting lower product shipments and selling prices, as well as higher operating costs, which were partially offset by lower raw material costs. In addition to lower production at our manufacturing plants, the higher operating costs included higher technology investments for research, development and testing during the 2025 period as compared to the 2024 period, as well as one-time charges related to network optimization efforts.

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We completed the acquisition of Calca on October 1, 2025 and the acquisition of AMPAC on January 16, 2024, both of which are part of the specialty materials segment. See Note 2 for further information on the acquisitions. The 2025 and 2024 periods only include the results of AMPAC and Calca for the periods we owned each company. The specialty materials segment reported both higher net sales and higher operating profit for 2025 as compared to 2024.

We continue to monitor the uncertain macroeconomic environment in which we operate, particularly the changes in international trade relations and tariffs, and assess the potential impacts to our operations. These impacts could include supply chain disruptions, lower customer demand, and higher costs. Investing in technology to meet customer needs, enhancing our operational efficiency, and improving our portfolio profitability will remain priorities.

Despite the challenging economic environment, our financial position remains strong. We have sufficient access to capital, if needed, and do not anticipate any issues with meeting the covenants for all our debt agreements for the foreseeable future.

Our business typically generates significant amounts of cash beyond its operational needs. We continue to invest in and manage our business for the long-term with the goal of helping our customers succeed in their marketplaces. Our investments continue to be in organizational talent, technology development and processes, and global infrastructure.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Management's discussion and analysis of our results of operations is presented below for the comparative periods of 2025 versus 2024. The discussion and analysis of our results of operations for 2024 compared to 2023 is available in Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Net Sales

Our consolidated net sales for 2025 amounted to $2.7 billion, a decrease of $61 million, or 2.2%, from 2024.

No single customer accounted for 10% or more of our total net sales in 2025, 2024, or 2023.

The following table shows net sales by segment and product line for each of the last three years. The net sales in the table below for the specialty materials segment include sales since the acquisitions of Calca on October 1, 2025 and AMPAC on January 16, 2024.


	Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)	2025		2024		2023
Petroleum additives
Lubricant additives	$	2,156	$	2,246	$	2,296
Fuel additives	378		390		394
Total	2,534		2,636		2,690
Specialty materials	182		141		0
All other	9		9		8
Net sales	$	2,725	$	2,786	$	2,698

Petroleum Additives - The regions in which we operate include North America (the United States and Canada), Latin America (Mexico, Central America, and South America), Asia Pacific, and the Europe/Middle East/Africa/India (EMEAI) region. The percentage of net sales being generated in the regions has remained fairly consistent over the past three years, with some limited fluctuation due to various factors, including the impact of regional economic trends. In 2025, North America represented approximately 40% of our petroleum additives net sales, while EMEAI contributed approximately 30%, Asia Pacific approximately 20%, and Latin America the remaining amount. As shown in the table above, the percentage of lubricant additives net sales and fuel additives net sales compared to total petroleum additives net sales have remained substantially consistent over the past three years.

Petroleum additives net sales for 2025 of $2.5 billion were 3.9% lower than 2024. Decreases in Asia Pacific of 10.3% and North America of 6.2% were partially offset by increases of 2.4% in EMEAI and 0.8% in Latin America.

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The approximate components of the petroleum additives decrease in net sales of $102 million when comparing 2025 to 2024 are shown below in millions.


Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2024	$	2,636
Lubricant additives shipments	(88)
Fuel additives shipments	(13)
Selling prices, including product mix	(6)
Foreign currency impact, net	5
Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2025	$	2,534

When comparing petroleum additives net sales for 2025 with 2024, the primary driver was lower product shipments in both lubricant additives and fuel additives, along with a smaller unfavorable impact from lower selling prices.

On a worldwide basis, when comparing 2025 with 2024, the volume of product shipments for petroleum additives was 4.9% lower with decreases in both lubricant additives and fuel additives but primarily driven by lower lubricant additives shipments. Both the North America and Asia Pacific regions reported decreases in lubricant additives shipments, which were partially offset by increases in the EMEAI and Latin America regions. The Asia Pacific and Latin America regions reported increases in fuel additives shipments, which were more than offset by decreases in the North America and EMEAI regions. Overall, the decrease in product shipments reflects some softness in the market, as well as our strategic decision to examine and reduce low-margin business.

The primary foreign currencies in which we transact include the Euro, Pound Sterling, Japanese Yen, Chinese Renminbi, and India Rupee. Comparing 2025 and 2024, the United States Dollar weakened against the Euro, Pound Sterling, and Yen, while it strengthened against the Renminbi and Rupee, all combined resulting in the favorable impact to net sales. The favorable dollar impact from foreign currency was primarily from the Euro, which was partially offset by the unfavorable impact from the Renminbi and Rupee.

Specialty Materials - The specialty materials segment comprises the operations of AMPAC and Calca, both of which operate predominantly in the North America region. Total net sales for the specialty materials segment were $182 million for 2025 and $141 million for 2024. In addition to the inclusion of Calca in 2025 net sales, the increase between 2025 and 2024 resulted primarily from increased shipment volumes.

All Other - The “All other” category includes the operations of the antiknock compounds business, as well as certain contracted manufacturing and related services associated with Ethyl and did not have a material impact to consolidated net sales when comparing 2025 and 2024.

Segment Operating Profit

NewMarket evaluates the performance of the petroleum additives and specialty materials businesses based on segment operating profit. NewMarket Services expenses are charged to NewMarket and each subsidiary pursuant to services agreements between the companies. Depreciation on segment property, plant, and equipment, as well as amortization of segment intangible assets and lease right-of-use assets, is included in segment operating profit.

The following table reports segment operating profit for the last three years. The amounts for the specialty materials segment include operating profit since the acquisitions of Calca on October 1, 2025 and AMPAC on January 16, 2024. A reconciliation of segment operating profit to income before income tax expense is in Note 5.


	Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)	2025		2024		2023
Petroleum additives	$	520	$	592	$	514
Specialty materials	$	47	$	17	$	0
All other	$	(5)	$	(2)	$	(5)

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Petroleum Additives - Petroleum additives segment gross profit decreased $60 million, and segment operating profit decreased $72 million when comparing 2025 to 2024. The following table presents the petroleum additives segment's cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales and its operating profit margin.


	Years Ended December 31,
	2025		2024		2023
Cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales	69.0	%	68.0	%	71.2	%
Operating profit margin	20.5	%	22.5	%	19.1	%

While operating margins will fluctuate from quarter to quarter due to multiple factors, we believe the fundamentals of our business and industry as a whole are unchanged.

When comparing 2025 and 2024, the decrease in both gross profit and operating profit primarily includes the unfavorable impacts of lower product shipments and selling prices, as well as higher operating costs. The increased operating costs result primarily from lower production at our manufacturing plants and an increase in technology investments, as well as one-time charges related to our efforts to become more efficient by optimizing our global manufacturing network. These factors were partially offset by lower raw material costs.

The petroleum additives segment's selling, general, and administrative expenses (SG&A) increased by $5 million, or 3.8%, in 2025 compared to 2024. SG&A as a percentage of net sales was 5.2% in 2025 and 4.8% in 2024. Our SG&A costs are primarily personnel-related and include salaries, benefits, and other costs associated with our workforce, including travel-related expenses. While personnel-related costs fluctuate from year to year, there were no significant changes in the drivers of these costs when comparing 2025 and 2024.

Our investment in petroleum additives research, development, and testing (R&D) increased approximately $7 million when comparing 2025 with 2024. As a percentage of net sales, R&D was 5.2% in 2025 and 4.7% in 2024. Our R&D investments reflect our efforts to support the development of solutions that meet our customers' needs, meet new and evolving standards, and support our expansion into new product areas. Our approach to R&D investments, as it is with SG&A costs, is one of purposeful spending on programs to support our current product base and to ensure that we develop products to support our customers' programs in the future. R&D investments include personnel-related costs, as well as costs for internal and external testing of our products. Substantially all investments in new product development are incurred in the United States and the United Kingdom (U.K.), with approximately 70% of total R&D attributable to the North America and EMEAI regions. The remaining R&D is attributable to the Asia Pacific and Latin America regions and represents customer technology support services in those regions. All of our consolidated R&D investment is related to the petroleum additives segment.

Specialty Materials - The specialty materials segment reported operating profit of $47 million for 2025 as compared to $17 million for 2024. The 2025 and 2024 periods only included the results of AMPAC and Calca for the period we owned each company - since January 16, 2024 for AMPAC and since October 1, 2025 for Calca.

The specialty materials results for the 2024 period include the sale of AMPAC finished goods inventory that we acquired at closing. The acquired inventory was recorded at fair value on the acquisition date and sold during 2024, generating no margin. The remaining increase in specialty materials operating profit for the year comparison resulted from the same factors as those outlined in the net sales discussion.

We may experience substantial variation in quarterly results for the specialty materials segment on an ongoing basis due to the nature of its business.

The following discussion references certain captions on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Interest and Financing Expenses

Interest and financing expenses were $40 million in 2025 and $57 million in 2024. The decrease in interest and financing expense between 2025 and 2024 resulted primarily from lower average debt outstanding, along with a lower average interest rate.

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Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income (expense), net reflected income of $57 million in 2025 and $51 million in 2024. The amounts for both periods included the components of net periodic benefit cost (income), except for service costs, from defined benefit pension and postretirement plans, which also represent most of the difference between the two years. See Note 18 for further information on total periodic benefit cost (income).

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense was $142 million in 2025 and $122 million in 2024. The effective tax rate was 25.3% in 2025 and 20.8% in 2024. When comparing 2025 and 2024, income tax expense increased $25 million due to the higher effective tax rate and decreased $5 million due to lower income before income taxes.

The increase in the effective tax rate was primarily due to a lower foreign derived intangible income deduction and an increase in U.S. state tax expense in 2025 as compared to 2024.

The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) was enacted in the United States on July 4, 2025. The OBBBA includes significant provisions, such as the permanent extension of certain expiring provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, modifications to the international tax framework, and the restoration of favorable tax treatment for certain business provisions, including permanently restoring 100 percent bonus depreciation for qualifying property and reinstating the ability for entities to immediately expense domestic research and development expenditures. These provisions will favorably impact our U.S. federal cash taxes.

The OBBBA has multiple effective dates, with certain provisions effective in 2025 and others implemented through 2027. We are continuing to assess the impact of the provisions of the OBBBA that are effective in future years.

CASH FLOWS DISCUSSION

We generated cash from operating activities of $569 million in 2025 and $520 million in 2024.

During 2025, we used the $569 million of cash generated from operating activities to acquire Calca for $213 million (net of $6 million cash acquired), pay dividends of $106 million, fund capital expenditures of $78 million, and repurchase shares of our common stock for $77 million. We also paid off the $250 million term loan and made a principal payment of $50 million on the 3.78% senior notes. These payments were partially offset by additional net borrowings of $211 million on the revolving credit facility. Cash flows from operating activities included an increase of $22 million from lower working capital requirements, which is further discussed in the Working Capital section below, and a decrease of $10 million for cash contributions to our pension and postretirement plans.

During 2024, we used the $520 million of cash generated from operating activities, along with proceeds from the term loan and net borrowings of $77 million on the revolving credit facility to acquire AMPAC for $681 million (net of $16 million cash acquired), pay dividends of $96 million, fund capital expenditures of $57 million, and repurchase shares of our common stock for $32 million. Cash flows from operating activities included a decrease of $23 million from higher working capital requirements and a decrease of $12 million for cash contributions to our pension and postretirement plans.

FINANCIAL POSITION AND LIQUIDITY

Cash

At December 31, 2025, we had cash and cash equivalents of $77.6 million as compared to $77.5 million at the end of 2024.

Cash and cash equivalents held by our foreign subsidiaries amounted to approximately $68 million at December 31, 2025 and $71 million at December 31, 2024. Periodically, we repatriate cash from our foreign subsidiaries to the United States through intercompany dividends and loans. We do not anticipate significant tax consequences of future distributions of foreign earnings.

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A portion of our foreign cash balances is associated with earnings that we have asserted are indefinitely reinvested. We plan to use these indefinitely reinvested earnings to support growth outside of the United States through funding of operating expenses, research and development expenses, capital expenditures, and other cash needs of our foreign subsidiaries.

Debt

A summary of our debt instruments follows. A full discussion is in Note 14.

2.70% Senior Notes - On March 18, 2021, we issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 2.70% senior notes due 2031 at an issue price of 98.763%. We used the net proceeds from the offering for the repayment and redemption of our 4.10% senior notes and for general corporate purposes. We incurred financing costs in 2021 of approximately $4 million related to the 2.70% senior notes, which are being amortized over the term of the notes. We were in compliance with all covenants under the indenture governing the 2.70% senior notes as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

3.78% Senior Notes - On January 4, 2017, we issued $250 million in senior unsecured notes in a private placement with The Prudential Insurance Company of America and certain other purchasers. These notes bear interest at 3.78% with interest payable semiannually. We have made two principal payments of $50 million each on January 4, 2025 and January 5, 2026. We have three remaining principal payments of $50 million due January 4 of each year through 2029. We have the right to make optional prepayments on the notes at any time, subject to certain limitations. We were in compliance with all covenants under the 3.78% senior notes as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Term Loan - On January 22, 2024, we entered into a credit agreement for an unsecured $250 million term loan (the Term Loan Credit Agreement), which had a maturity date of January 22, 2026. We borrowed the entire $250 million available under the Term Loan Credit Agreement and paid financing costs of $0.4 million, which were amortized over the term that principal was outstanding under the agreement. Under the agreement, we were required to repay the principal amount borrowed under the term loan in full at maturity. Subject to the conditions set forth in the Term Loan Credit Agreement, we had the option to prepay, without penalty, amounts borrowed under the term loan, together with any accrued and unpaid interest, prior to maturity. Any amounts prepaid prior to maturity were not available for additional borrowings by us. We repaid the Term Loan Credit Agreement in full during 2025.

The Term Loan Credit Agreement contained certain customary covenants, including financial covenants, which required NewMarket to maintain a consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Term Loan Credit Agreement) of no more than 3.75 to 1.00 except during an Increased Leverage Period (as defined in the Term Loan Credit Agreement). We were in compliance with all covenants under the term loan at the time we repaid it in 2025 and as of December 31, 2024.

Revolving Credit Facility - On January 22, 2024, we entered into a credit agreement for a $900 million revolving credit facility (the Revolving Credit Agreement). The revolving credit facility matures on January 22, 2029 and includes a $500 million sublimit for multicurrency borrowings, an initial letter of credit sublimit of $25 million, and a $20 million sublimit for swingline loans. The Revolving Credit Agreement includes an expansion feature allowing us, subject to certain conditions, to request an increase in the aggregate amount of the revolving credit facility or obtain incremental term loans in an amount up to $450 million. We may also request an extension of the maturity date as provided for in the Revolving Credit Agreement. Certain of our foreign subsidiaries may, from time to time, become borrowers under the Revolving Credit Agreement. The obligations under the Revolving Credit Agreement are unsecured and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by NewMarket.

Concurrently with entering into the Revolving Credit Agreement, we terminated our former revolving credit facility dated as of March 5, 2020. Upon termination, we repaid the amount then outstanding under the former revolving credit facility, plus accrued and unpaid interest.

Outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility amounted to $288 million at December 31, 2025 and $77 million at December 31, 2024. Outstanding letters of credit under the revolving credit facility amounted to approximately $4 million at both December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The unused portion of the revolving credit facility amounted to $608 million at December 31, 2025 and $819 million at December 31, 2024.

The average interest rate for borrowings under the revolving credit facility was 5.3% during 2025 and 6.5% during 2024.

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The Revolving Credit Agreement contains certain customary covenants, including financial covenants, which require us to maintain a consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement) of no more than 3.75 to 1.00 except during an Increased Leverage Period (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement). The Leverage Ratio was 1.27 at December 31, 2025 and 1.33 at December 31, 2024. We were in compliance with all covenants under the revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Other Borrowings - Two of our subsidiaries, one in Singapore and one China, have access to separate short-term lines of credit of $10 million each. There was no activity on these lines of credit in 2025 or 2024.

***

We had long-term debt of $883 million at December 31, 2025 and $971 million at December 31, 2024. As a percentage of total capitalization (total long-term debt and shareholders’ equity), our total long-term debt percentage decreased from 39.9% at the end of 2024 to 33.2% at the end of 2025. The change resulted from the increase in shareholders' equity along with a net decrease in outstanding long-term debt. The increase in shareholders’ equity primarily reflects our earnings, favorable impact from foreign currency translation adjustments, and an increase in the funded position of our retirement plans partially offset by repurchases of shares of our common stock and dividend payments. Generally, we repay any outstanding long-term debt with cash from operations or refinancing activities.

Working Capital

Including cash and cash equivalents and the impact of foreign currency on the balance sheet, at December 31, 2025, we had working capital of $640 million, resulting in a current ratio of 2.53 to 1. Our working capital at December 31, 2024 on the same basis was $655 million, resulting in a current ratio of 2.75 to 1.

The working capital of Calca is included in our consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2025. Excluding the impact of Calca working capital, the most significant change in working capital since December 31, 2024 included increases in both trade and other accounts receivable and accrued expenses.

The increase in trade and other accounts receivable primarily represents a short-term income tax receivable as a result of the enactment of the OBBBA in July 2025. The OBBBA provided for immediate expensing of domestic research and development expenditures and 100 percent bonus depreciation on qualifying property, with retroactive application to January 2025. The increase in accrued expenses is primarily the result of customer contract liabilities.

Capital Expenditures

Capital expenditures were $78 million for 2025 and $57 million for 2024. We estimate capital expenditures in 2026 will be in the range of $100 million to $150 million as we anticipate spending on several improvements to our manufacturing and R&D infrastructure around the world.

Included in the expected capital expenditures for 2026 is a capital investment to expand AMPAC's ammonium perchlorate production capabilities in support of growing solid rocket motor demand. The project of up to $100 million, which began in 2025, is currently scheduled to be completed towards the end of 2026 and includes the construction of an additional production line, increasing capacity by more than 50%. The increased capacity will allow AMPAC to meet the anticipated future demand of U.S. military and space launch programs, while also addressing the needs of U.S. allies in these critical areas.

We expect to continue to finance capital spending through cash provided from operations, as well as with borrowing available under our revolving credit facility.

Environmental Expenses

We spent approximately $44 million in 2025 and $37 million in 2024 for ongoing environmental operating and clean-up costs, excluding depreciation of previously capitalized expenditures. These environmental operating and clean-up expenses are primarily included in cost of goods sold. We expect to continue to fund these costs through cash provided by operations.

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Liquidity and Contractual Obligations

We have both current and long-term obligations that have known payment streams and are discussed throughout this Annual Report on Form 10-K. These include debt-related obligations, lease obligations, purchase commitments, including those for property, plant, and equipment, contributions to pension and postretirement benefit plans, and environmental dismantling and decontamination.

The debt-related contractual obligations include both principal payments on outstanding long-term debt and the related interest payments. The maturity dates and interest rates, as well as information on the repayment of the principal on our long-term debt is detailed above in the Debt section, as well as in Note 14. At December 31, 2025, all of our long-term debt was at fixed rates, except for the revolving credit facility. A discussion of interest rate sensitivity is in Item 7A. Interest is paid semi-annually on our fixed rate long-term debt agreements.

Note 17 provides information by year on our lease obligations which have commenced, as well as any lease commitments which have not yet commenced. Note 18 includes information on contributions to pension and postretirement benefit plans, as well as benefit payments to participants. Benefit payments under these plans are predominantly paid from assets held in trust. Further information on purchase commitments, including those for purchases of property, plant, and equipment, is in Note 21.

The annual operating expenses and capital expenditures associated with compliance with environmental, health, and safety regulations are included in Item 1, Governmental and Environmental Regulations. In addition to these costs, there are expected cash flows for dismantling and decontamination of environmental sites. At December 31, 2025, these costs were estimated at approximately $1.0 million to $1.5 million in each of 2026 through 2029 and $9 million thereafter.

We expect that cash from operations, together with borrowing available under our credit facilities, will continue to be sufficient for our operating needs and planned capital expenditures for both a short-term and long-term horizon.

Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

Our U.S. and foreign benefit plans are discussed separately below. The information below for our U.S. plans applies to all of our U.S. benefit plans on a combined basis. Our foreign plans are quite diverse, and the actuarial assumptions used by the various foreign plans are based upon the circumstances of each particular country and retirement plan. We use a December 31 measurement date to determine our net periodic benefit cost (income) for all of our pension and postretirement benefit plans and related financial disclosure information. Additional information on our pension and postretirement plans is in Note 18.

U.S. Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans—The average remaining service period of active participants for our U.S. plans is approximately 13 years, while the average remaining life expectancy of inactive participants is approximately 22 years. We utilize the sex distinct Pri-2012 table with separate rates for annuitants, non-annuitants, and contingent annuitants, projected generationally using Scale MP-2021 in determining the impact of mortality on the U.S. benefit plans in our financial statements.

Investment Return Assumptions and Asset Allocation - We periodically review our assumptions for the long-term expected return on pension plan assets. As part of the review and to develop expected rates of return, we considered an analysis of expected returns based on the U.S. plans’ asset allocation as of both January 1, 2026 and January 1, 2025. This analysis reflects our expected long-term rates of return for each significant asset class or economic indicator. The range of returns developed relies both on forecasts and on broad-market historical benchmarks for expected return, correlation, and volatility for each asset class. The asset allocation for our U.S. pension plans is predominantly weighted toward equities. Through the ongoing monitoring of our investments and review of market data, we have determined that we should maintain the expected long-term rate of return for our U.S. pension plans at 8.0% at December 31, 2025.

An actuarial gain on the assets occurred during 2025 and 2024 as the actual investment return for all of our U.S. qualified pension plans exceeded the expected return by approximately $37 million in 2025 and $54 million in 2024. Investment gains and losses are recognized in earnings on an amortized basis over a period of 5 years. The amortization of the actuarial net gain is expected to be approximately $5 million in 2026 resulting primarily from the actuarial gain related to the investment gains on plan assets. We expect that there will be continued volatility in net periodic benefit cost

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(income) for our pension plans as actual investment returns vary from the expected return, but we continue to believe the potential long-term benefits justify the risk premium for equity investments.

At December 31, 2025, our expected long-term rate of return on our postretirement plans was 4.0%. This rate varies from the pension rate of 8.0% primarily because of the difference in investment of plan assets. The assets of the postretirement plan are held in an insurance contract, which results in a lower assumed rate of investment return.

We expect to have net periodic benefit income for our pension and postretirement plans during 2026, as the expected return on assets and amortization is higher than the offsetting benefit costs. Net periodic benefit cost (income) for the pension and the life insurance portion of postretirement plans is sensitive to changes in the expected return on assets. For example, decreasing the expected rate of return by 100 basis points to 7.0% for pension assets and 3.0% for postretirement benefit assets (while holding other assumptions constant) would reduce the forecasted 2026 income for our U.S. pension and postretirement plans by approximately $8 million. Similarly, a 100 basis point increase in the expected rate of return to 9.0% for pension assets and 5.0% for postretirement benefit assets (while holding other assumptions constant) would increase forecasted 2026 pension and postretirement income by $8 million.

Discount Rate Assumption - We develop the discount rate assumption by determining the single effective discount rate for a unique hypothetical bond portfolio constructed from investment-grade bonds that, in the aggregate, match the projected cash flows of each of our retirement plans. The discount rate is developed based on the hypothetical bond portfolio on the last day of December. The discount rate at December 31, 2025 was 5.875% for all plans.

Net periodic benefit cost (income) for pension and postretirement benefit plans is also sensitive to changes in the discount rate. For example, decreasing the discount rate by 100 basis points to 4.875% (while holding other assumptions constant) would reduce the forecasted 2026 income for our U.S. pension and postretirement benefit plans by approximately $6 million. A 100 basis point increase in the discount rate to 6.875% (while holding other assumptions constant) would increase forecasted 2026 pension and postretirement benefit income by approximately $5 million.

Rate of Projected Compensation Increase - We have maintained our rate of projected compensation increase at December 31, 2025 at 3.5%. The rate assumption was based on an analysis of our projected compensation increases for the foreseeable future.

Liquidity - Cash contribution requirements to the pension plan are sensitive to changes in assumed interest rates and investment gains or losses in the same manner as pension expense. While we do not expect to make a cash contribution to our U.S. qualified pension plans, we expect our aggregate cash contributions to all U.S. pension plans will be approximately $4 million in 2026. We expect our contributions to the postretirement benefit plans will be approximately $1 million in 2026.

Foreign Pension Benefit Plans - Our foreign pension plans are quite diverse. The following information applies only to our U.K. pension plan, which represents the majority of the amounts recorded in our financial statements for our foreign pension plans. The average remaining service period of active participants for our U.K. plan is approximately 15 years, while the average remaining life expectancy of inactive participants is 20 years. In determining the impact of mortality on the U.K. pension plan in our financial statements, we utilize the S4PxA mortality tables weighted by 99% for male members and 88% for female members and S4DxA mortality tables weighted by 106% for male dependents and 107% for female dependents. Future projected improvements in life expectancy are allowed for in line with the CMI 2024 model with an initial addition to mortality improvements of 0.2% and a half-life parameter of 1 year with a long-term rate of improvement of 1.65% per year for males and 1.25% per year for females based on the membership of the plan.

Investment Return Assumptions and Asset Allocation - We periodically review our assumptions for the long-term expected return on the U.K. pension plan assets. The expected long-term rate of return is based on both the asset allocation and yields available in the U.K. markets.

The target asset allocation in the U.K. is 40% in pooled equities funds, 40% in pooled government bonds, and 20% in pooled diversified growth funds. The actual allocation at the end of 2025 was 53% in pooled equities funds, 25% in pooled government bonds, and 22% in pooled diversified growth funds. Based on the actual asset allocation and the expected yields available in the U.K. markets, the expected long-term rate of return for the U.K. pension plan was 7.8% at December 31, 2025.

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An actuarial gain on the assets occurred during both 2025 and 2024 as the actual investment return exceeded the expected investment return by approximately $6 million in 2025 and $1 million in 2024. Actuarial gains of $6 million occurred during 2025 and $16 million during 2024 on plan liabilities primarily due to changes in the assumptions. Investment and liability gains and losses are recognized in earnings on an amortized basis over a period of years. The combined net gains result in an expected amortization of $1 million in 2026. We expect that there will be continued volatility in the net periodic benefit cost (income) for our U.K. pension plan as actual investment returns vary from the expected return, but we continue to believe the potential benefits justify the risk premium for the target asset allocation.

We expect to have pension income during 2026 related to our U.K. plan, as the expected return on assets is higher than the offsetting pension costs. Net periodic benefit cost (income) for the U.K. pension plan is sensitive to changes in the expected return on assets. For example, decreasing the expected rate of return by 100 basis points to 6.8% (while holding other assumptions constant) would decrease the forecasted 2026 income for our U.K. pension plan by approximately $2 million. Similarly, a 100 basis point increase in the expected rate of return to 8.8% (while holding other assumptions constant) would increase forecasted 2026 pension income by approximately $2 million.

Discount Rate Assumption - We utilize a yield curve based on AA-rated corporate bond yields in developing a discount rate assumption. The yield appropriate to the duration of the U.K. plan liabilities is then used. The discount rate at December 31, 2025 was 5.60%.

Net periodic benefit cost (income) for the U.K. pension plan is also sensitive to changes in the discount rate. For example, decreasing the discount rate by 100 basis points to 4.60% (while holding other assumptions constant) would decrease the forecasted 2026 income for our U.K. pension plans by approximately $300 thousand. A 100 basis point increase in the discount rate to 6.60% (while holding other assumptions constant) would increase forecasted 2026 pension income by approximately $300 thousand.

Rate of Projected Compensation Increase - Our rate of projected compensation increase at December 31, 2025 is 3.5%. The rate assumption was based on an analysis of our projected compensation increases for the foreseeable future.

Liquidity - Cash contribution requirements to the U.K. pension plan are assessed every three years by a formal actuarial valuation, which will be completed in 2026. Contributions are sensitive to the assumptions adopted and market conditions at each assessment date. We expect our aggregate U.K. cash contributions will be approximately $3 million in 2026.

OUTLOOK

Our goal is to provide a 10% compounded return per year for our shareholders over any ten-year period (defined as earnings per share growth plus dividend yield), although we may not necessarily achieve a 10% return each year. We continue to have confidence in our customer-focused strategy and approach to the market. We believe the fundamentals of how we run our business - a long-term view, safety-first culture, customer-focused solutions, technology-driven product offerings, and world-class supply chain capability - will continue to be beneficial for all of our stakeholders over the long term.

We expect our petroleum additives segment will continue to experience impacts to its operating performance during 2026 due to market softness and the uncertain global economic environment in which we operate. Nonetheless, we anticipate continued solid results from this segment in 2026. We will continue to focus on investing in technology for our customers, cost control, and operating profit margin management, while advancing our initiatives to build a global manufacturing network that will enable more efficient product delivery to our customers in the years ahead.

Over the past several years we have made significant investments in our petroleum additives business as the industry fundamentals remain positive. These investments have been, and will continue to be, focused on operational efficiencies, organizational talent, and technology development and processes, as well as global infrastructure, including technical centers, production capabilities and geographic expansion. We intend to utilize these investments to improve our ability to deliver the solutions that our customers value, expand our global reach, and enhance our operating results. We will continue to invest in our capabilities to provide even better value, service, technology, and customer solutions.

In addition to the ongoing investments we make in our petroleum additives business, we have, since 2024, completed the acquisition of two companies - AMPAC and Calca - which constitute our specialty materials segment. Through these

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acquisitions and our investments in expanding capacity at both operations, we have committed approximately $1 billion to this resilient, high-technology segment. We continue to focus on the integration of these companies into our business, and we anticipate solid results from both companies. We may experience substantial variation in quarterly results for the specialty materials segment on an ongoing basis due to the nature of the business, including any impact from shutdowns of the U.S. government.

Our business typically generates significant amounts of cash beyond its operational needs. We regularly review our many internal opportunities to utilize excess cash from technological, geographic, production capability, and product line perspectives. We believe our capital spending is creating the capability we need to grow and support our customers worldwide, and our research and development investments are positioning us well to provide added value to our customers.

While our recent acquisitions of AMPAC and Calca were outside of our core petroleum additives business, we believe both presented an excellent opportunity to provide long-term value for our shareholders. Nonetheless, our primary focus in the acquisition area remains on the petroleum additives industry. It is our view that the petroleum additives industry will provide the greatest opportunity for solid returns on our investments while minimizing risk. We remain focused on this strategy and will evaluate any future opportunities. We will continue to evaluate all alternative uses of cash to enhance shareholder value, including stock repurchases and dividends.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

The following discussion highlights some of the more critical areas where a significant change in facts and circumstances in our operating and financial environment could cause a change in future reported financial results.

Income Taxes

We file United States, foreign, state, and local income tax returns. Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes and recording the related tax assets and liabilities. Any significant impact as a result of changes in underlying facts, laws, tax rates, or tax audits could lead to adjustments to our income tax expense, effective tax rate, financial position, or cash flow.

Deferred income taxes are provided for the estimated income tax effect of temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities, as well as for net operating losses and tax credit carryforwards. When recording these deferred tax assets and liabilities, we must estimate the tax rates we expect will apply to taxable income in the periods in which the deferred tax liability or asset is expected to be settled or realized. In addition, we may record valuation allowances to reduce deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Judgment is required as we consider the scheduled reversal of deferred tax assets and liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. If our estimates and assumptions change from those used when we recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities, the effect on our results of operations and financial position could be material.

The income tax returns for our entities in the United States and in foreign jurisdictions are open for examination by tax authorities. We assess our income tax positions and record a liability for all years open for examination based upon our evaluation of the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date. The economic benefit associated with a tax position will be recognized only if we determine it is more likely than not to be upheld on audit. Although we believe our estimates and judgments are reasonable, actual results could differ, resulting in gains or losses that may be material to our results of operations and financial position.

At each interim reporting period, we estimate an effective income tax rate that is expected to be applicable for the full year. Our provision for income taxes is impacted by the income tax rates of the countries where we operate. A change in the geographical source of our income can affect the effective tax rate. Significant judgment is involved regarding the application of global income tax laws and regulations when projecting the jurisdictional mix of income. Additionally, interpretations of tax laws, court decisions, or other guidance provided by taxing authorities influence our estimate of the effective income tax rate. As a result, our actual effective income tax rate and related income tax liabilities may differ materially from our estimated effective tax rate and related income tax liabilities.

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Intangibles (net of amortization) and Goodwill

We have certain intangibles amounting to $517 million and goodwill amounting to $424 million at December 31, 2025 that are discussed in Note 11. Of these intangibles and goodwill, $124 million is attributable to the petroleum additives segment and $817 million to the specialty materials segment. The finite-lived intangible assets are being amortized over remaining useful lives up to approximately 20 years. Water rights are indefinite-lived and non-amortizing.

We estimate fair value for these identifiable intangibles using an income valuation approach for customer bases, backlog, formulas and technology, and trademarks and trade names. The cash flow projections include significant judgments and assumptions relating to revenue growth rates; earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization; discount rate; contributory asset charges; customer attrition rate; and royalty rates, as applicable. We use a market valuation approach for estimating water rights and our significant judgments and assumptions included comparable sales data.

We continue to assess the market related to the intangibles and goodwill, as well as their specific values and evaluate the intangibles and goodwill for any potential impairment when significant events or circumstances occur that might impair the value of these assets. We have concluded the values are appropriate, as are the amortization periods for the intangibles. However, if conditions were to substantially deteriorate in the petroleum additives or specialty materials markets, it could possibly cause a decrease in the estimated useful lives of the intangible assets or result in a noncash write-off of all or a portion of the intangibles and goodwill carrying amounts. A reduction in the amortization period or write-off of the intangibles would have no effect on cash flows. We do not anticipate such a change in the market conditions in the near term.

Pension Plans and Postretirement Benefits

The impact of the pension and postretirement benefit plan obligations recorded in the financial statements is dependent upon utilizing actuarial methods and requires the use of estimates and assumptions. These assumptions include the discount rate, rate of projected compensation increase, and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. A change in any of these assumptions could cause different results for the plans and therefore, impact our results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Further discussion on how we develop these assumptions and the effect of changes in these assumptions on our financial results is provided in the Financial Position and Liquidity section of Item 7. In addition, information is provided on the pension and postretirement plans in Note 18.

Environmental and Legal Proceedings

We have disclosed our environmental matters in Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, as well as in Note 21. Our estimates for costs that will be incurred to satisfy our obligations related to environmental matters are affected by many variables, including our judgment regarding the extent of remediation that will be required, future changes in and enforcement and interpretation of laws and regulations, current and future technology available, and timing of remediation activities. While we currently do not anticipate significant changes to the many factors that could impact our environmental requirements, we continue to keep our accruals consistent with these requirements as they change.

Also, as noted in the discussion of Legal Proceedings in Item 3 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, while it is not possible to predict or determine with certainty the outcome of any legal proceeding, it is our opinion, based on our current knowledge, that we will not experience any material adverse effects on our results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition as a result of any pending or threatened proceeding.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

For a discussion of recently issued accounting standards, see Note 23.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risk factors, including interest rates, foreign currency rates, and changes in the cost of raw materials. These risk factors may affect our results of operations, cash flows, and financial position.

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We manage these risks through regular operating and financing methods, including the use of derivative financial instruments when deemed appropriate. When we have derivative instruments, they are with major financial institutions and are not for speculative or trading purposes.

The following analysis presents the effect on our results of operations, cash flows, and financial position as if the hypothetical changes in market risk factors occurred at December 31, 2025. We analyzed only the potential impacts of our hypothetical assumptions. This analysis does not consider other possible effects that could impact our business.

Interest Rate Risk

At December 31, 2025, we had total long-term debt of $883 million. All of the long-term debt is at fixed rates except for $288 million outstanding under the revolving credit facility.

Holding all other variables constant, if the variable portion of the interest rates hypothetically increased 10%, the effect on our earnings and cash flow would have been additional interest expense of $1 million.

Holding all other variables constant, a hypothetical 100 basis point decrease in interest rates would have resulted in a change of $24 million in fair value of our debt at December 31, 2025.

Foreign Currency Risk

We sell to customers in foreign markets through our foreign subsidiaries, as well as through export sales from the United States. These transactions are often denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. Our primary currency exposures are the European Union Euro, British Pound Sterling, Japanese Yen, Chinese Renminbi, Indian Rupee, Singapore Dollar, Mexican Peso, Australian Dollar, and Canadian Dollar. We may enter into forward contracts as hedges to minimize the fluctuation of intercompany accounts receivable denominated in foreign currencies. At December 31, 2025, we had no outstanding forward contracts.

Raw Material Price Risk

We utilize a variety of raw materials in the manufacture of our products, including base oil, polyisobutylene, antioxidants, alcohols, solvents, detergents, friction modifiers, olefins, and copolymers. We may also enter into contracts which commit us to purchase some of our more critical raw materials based on anticipated demand. Our profitability is sensitive to changes in the quantities of raw materials we may need and the costs of those materials which may be caused by changes in supply, demand or other market conditions, over which we have little or no control. In addition, political and economic conditions in certain regions of the world in which we operate have caused, and may continue to cause, our demand for and the cost of our raw materials to fluctuate. War, armed hostilities, terrorist acts, civil unrest, inclement weather events, or other incidents may also cause a sudden, sharp, or prolonged change in our demand for and the cost of our raw materials. If we experience such increases in the cost of our raw materials, we may not be able to pass them along to our customers in the form of price increases for our products. The inability to do so would have a negative impact on our operating profit. In addition, if our demand for raw materials were to decline such that we would not have need for the quantities required to be purchased under commitment agreements, we could incur additional charges that would affect our profitability.

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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of NewMarket Corporation

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of NewMarket Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the related consolidated statements of income, of comprehensive income, of shareholders' equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.

Basis for Opinions

The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies

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and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Critical Audit Matters

The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.

Valuation of Pension Benefit Obligation

As described in Notes 1 and 18 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s consolidated pension benefit obligation, excluding other postretirement benefits, for its U.S. and foreign retirement plans was $582 million as of December 31, 2025. Management utilized actuarial methods requiring the use of estimates and assumptions in determining the impact of the pension benefit plan obligation recorded in the financial statements. Management’s assumptions include the discount rate and rate of projected compensation increase.

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the valuation of the pension benefit obligation is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management when developing the fair value estimates of the pension benefit obligation; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and evaluating management’s significant assumptions related to the discount rates; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.

Acquisition of Calca Solutions, LLC – Valuation of the Customer Base Intangible Asset

As described in Notes 1 and 2 to the consolidated financial statements, on October 1, 2025, the Company completed the acquisition of Mars TopCo, LLC, the ultimate parent company of Calca Solutions, LLC (Calca) for approximately $218 million. Of the identifiable intangible assets acquired, a $123 million customer base intangible asset was recorded. Management estimates the fair value of the customer base intangible asset using an income valuation approach. The cash flow projections include significant judgments and assumptions relating to revenue growth rates, earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA), discount rate, contributory asset charges, and customer attrition rate.

The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the valuation of the customer base intangible asset acquired in the acquisition of Calca is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management when developing the fair value estimate of the customer base intangible asset acquired; (ii) a high degree of

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auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and evaluating management’s significant assumptions related to the revenue growth rates, EBITDA, and discount rate; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to the acquisition accounting, including controls over management’s valuation of the customer base intangible asset acquired. These procedures also included, among others (i) reading the purchase agreement; (ii) testing management’s process for developing the fair value estimate of the customer base intangible asset acquired; (iii) evaluating the appropriateness of the income valuation approach used by management; (iv) testing the completeness and accuracy of the underlying data used in the income valuation approach; and (v) evaluating the reasonableness of the significant assumptions used by management related to the revenue growth rates, EBITDA, and discount rate. Evaluating management’s assumptions related to the revenue growth rates and EBITDA involved considering (i) the current and past performance of the Calca business; (ii) the consistency with external market and industry data; and (iii) whether the assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in evaluating (i) the appropriateness of the income valuation approach and (ii) the reasonableness of the discount rate assumption.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Richmond, Virginia

February 12, 2026

We have served as the Company’s or its predecessor's auditor since 1947.

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NewMarket Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Income


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per-share amounts)	2025		2024		2023
Net sales	$	2,725,169	$	2,786,558	$	2,698,419
Cost of goods sold	1,867,769		1,900,212		1,925,906
Gross profit	857,400		886,346		772,513
Selling, general, and administrative expenses	181,584		171,412		151,470
Research, development, and testing expenses	132,091		124,898		137,998

Operating profit	543,725		590,036		483,045
Interest and financing expenses, net	39,693		57,366		37,359
Other income (expense), net	56,530		51,437		43,276
Income before income tax expense	560,562		584,107		488,962
Income tax expense	141,815		121,694		100,098
Net income	$	418,747	$	462,413	$	388,864
Earnings per share - basic and diluted	$	44.44	$	48.22	$	40.44

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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NewMarket Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Net income	$	418,747	$	462,413	$	388,864
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Pension plans and other postretirement benefits:
Prior service credit (cost) arising during the period, net of income tax expense (benefit) of $(8) in 2025, $0 in 2024 and $(212) in 2023	(24)		0		(436)
Amortization of prior service cost (credit) included in net periodic benefit cost (income), net of income tax expense (benefit) of $(702) in 2025, $(704) in 2024 and $(642) in 2023	(1,993)		(1,996)		(2,062)
Actuarial net gain (loss) arising during the period, net of income tax expense (benefit) of $12,571 in 2025, $25,980 in 2024 and $9,879 in 2023	36,663		75,382		29,343
Amortization of actuarial net (gain) loss included in net periodic benefit cost (income), net of income tax expense (benefit) of $(1,395) in 2025, $(478) in 2024 and $(456) in 2023	(4,060)		(1,394)		(1,441)


Total pension plans and other postretirement benefits	30,586		71,992		25,404




Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of income tax expense (benefit) of $896 in 2025, $(1,870) in 2024 and $703 in 2023	43,367		(18,051)		25,520




Other comprehensive income (loss)	73,953		53,941		50,924
Comprehensive income	$	492,700	$	516,354	$	439,788

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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NewMarket Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets


	December 31,
(in thousands, except share amounts)	2025		2024
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	77,598	$	77,476
Trade and other accounts receivable, net	422,084		395,450
Inventories	502,257		505,426
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	57,773		51,203
Total current assets	1,059,712		1,029,555
Property, plant, and equipment, net	775,480		735,361
Intangibles (net of amortization) and goodwill	941,156		750,424
Prepaid pension cost	586,053		490,418
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	78,267		71,253

Deferred charges and other assets	51,797		52,530
Total assets	$	3,492,465	$	3,129,541
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	238,384	$	225,874
Accrued expenses	109,774		89,277
Dividends payable	23,805		22,037
Income taxes payable	17,190		15,798
Operating lease liabilities	16,205		15,337

Other current liabilities	13,921		6,155
Total current liabilities	419,279		374,478
Long-term debt	883,391		971,281
Operating lease liabilities - noncurrent	62,045		54,754
Other noncurrent liabilities	349,507		267,445
Total liabilities	1,714,222		1,667,958
Commitments and contingencies (Note 21)
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock and paid-in capital (with no par value; authorized shares - 80,000,000; issued and outstanding - 9,397,364 at December 31, 2025 and 9,524,789 at December 31, 2024)	2,386		0
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	106,823		32,870
Retained earnings	1,669,034		1,428,713
Total shareholders' equity	1,778,243		1,461,583
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	3,492,465	$	3,129,541

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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NewMarket Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity


	Common Stock and Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings		Total Shareholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except share and per-share amounts)	Shares	Amount
Balance at December 31, 2022	9,702,147	$	0	$	(71,995)	$	834,402	$	762,407
Net income						388,864		388,864
Other comprehensive income (loss)				50,924				50,924
Cash dividends ($8.85 per share)						(85,034)		(85,034)
Repurchases of common stock	(119,075)	(1,857)				(41,419)		(43,276)

Tax withholdings related to stock-based compensation	(2,493)	(33)				(803)		(836)
Stock-based compensation	9,507	4,020				(8)		4,012
Balance at December 31, 2023	9,590,086	2,130		(21,071)		1,096,002		1,077,061
Net income						462,413		462,413
Other comprehensive income (loss)				53,941				53,941
Cash dividends ($10.00 per share)						(95,902)		(95,902)
Repurchases of common stock	(70,970)	(3,873)				(33,816)		(37,689)

Tax withholdings related to stock-based compensation	(1,816)	(1,118)						(1,118)
Stock-based compensation	7,489	2,861				16		2,877
Balance at December 31, 2024	9,524,789	0		32,870		1,428,713		1,461,583
Net income						418,747		418,747
Other comprehensive income (loss)				73,953				73,953
Cash dividends ($11.25 per share)						(105,931)		(105,931)
Repurchases of common stock	(133,658)	(941)				(71,522)		(72,463)
Tax withholdings related to stock-based compensation	(1,846)	0				(1,002)		(1,002)
Stock-based compensation	8,079	3,327				29		3,356
Balance at December 31, 2025	9,397,364	$	2,386	$	106,823	$	1,669,034	$	1,778,243

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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NewMarket Corporation and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	$	77,476	$	111,936	$	68,712
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	418,747		462,413		388,864
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash flows from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	122,422		116,957		78,010
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)	34,383		(12,799)		(14,750)


Change in assets and liabilities:
Trade and other accounts receivable, net	(10,646)		36,147		31,594
Inventories	32,769		(36,539)		192,470
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(3,468)		1,112		744
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	16,001		(7,643)		(59,176)
Operating lease liabilities	(21,991)		(19,537)		(20,005)
Other current liabilities	9,136		(3,826)		(1,855)
Income taxes payable	523		6,954		(9,492)

Cash pension and postretirement contributions	(9,504)		(11,814)		(10,219)
Other, net	(19,405)		(11,833)		638
Cash provided from (used in) operating activities	568,967		519,592		576,823
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures	(77,637)		(57,319)		(48,293)
Acquisition of business (net of cash acquired)	(213,447)		(681,479)		0






Cash provided from (used in) investing activities	(291,084)		(738,798)		(48,293)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net borrowings (repayments) under revolving credit facility	211,000		77,000		(361,000)
(Payment) proceeds on term loan	(250,000)		250,000		0
Dividends paid	(105,931)		(95,902)		(85,034)
Repurchases of common stock	(77,218)		(31,914)		(42,864)
Principal payment on 3.78% senior notes	(50,000)		0		0
Debt issuance costs	0		(2,251)		0

Other, net	(6,988)		(11,128)		1,304
Cash provided from (used in) financing activities	(279,137)		185,805		(487,594)
Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents	1,376		(1,059)		2,288
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	122		(34,460)		43,224
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year	$	77,598	$	77,476	$	111,936

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Consolidation - Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of NewMarket Corporation and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions are eliminated upon consolidation. References to "we," "us," "our," the "company," and "NewMarket" are to NewMarket Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.

NewMarket is the parent company of separate operating companies, each managing its own assets and liabilities. Those companies are Afton, which focuses on petroleum additive products; Ethyl, representing certain contracted manufacturing and related services, as well as the antiknock compounds business; AMPAC and Calca, both of which manufacture specialty materials products, and NewMarket Development, which manages the real property and improvements that we own in Virginia. NewMarket is also the parent company of NewMarket Services, which provides various administrative services to NewMarket, Afton, Ethyl, AMPAC, Calca and NewMarket Development.

Foreign Currency Translation - We translate the balance sheets of our foreign subsidiaries into U.S. Dollars based on the current exchange rate at the end of each period. We translate the statements of income using the weighted-average exchange rates for the period. NewMarket includes translation adjustments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as part of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and transaction adjustments in the Consolidated Statements of Income as part of cost of goods sold. Foreign currency transaction adjustments resulted in a net loss of $9 million in both 2025 and 2024 and $4 million in 2023.

Revenue Recognition - We recognize revenue when control of the product is transferred to our customer and for an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to collect from the customer. Net sales (revenues) are reported at the gross amount billed, including amounts related to shipping that are charged to the customer. Provisions for rebates to customers are recorded in the same period that the related sales are recorded. Freight costs incurred on the delivery of products are included in the Consolidated Statements of Income in cost of goods sold. Our standard terms of delivery are included in our contracts, sales order confirmation documents, and invoices. Taxes assessed by a governmental authority concurrent with sales to our customers, including sales, use, value-added, and revenue-related excise taxes, are not included as net sales, but are reflected in accrued expenses until remitted to the appropriate governmental authority.

Cash and Cash Equivalents - Our cash equivalents consist of government obligations and commercial paper with original maturities of less than 90 days. Throughout the year, we have cash balances in excess of federally insured amounts on deposit with various financial institutions. We state cash and cash equivalents at cost, which approximates fair value.

Marketable Securities - Any trading and equity securities are recorded at estimated fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on trading and equity securities are included in net income.

Accounts Receivable - We record our accounts receivable at invoiced amounts adjusted for allowances for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses represents probable losses to be incurred if our customers do not make required payments. We determine the adequacy of the allowance by periodically evaluating each customer’s receivable balance, considering their financial condition and credit history, and considering current economic conditions. The allowance for credit losses was not material at December 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

Inventories - NewMarket values the majority of its inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value. In the United States, petroleum additives inventory cost is determined on the last-in, first-out (LIFO) basis and is valued at the lower of cost or market. For all other inventory, we determine cost using a weighted-average method. Inventory cost includes raw materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead.

Property, Plant, and Equipment - We state property, plant, and equipment at cost less accumulated depreciation and compute depreciation by the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the assets. We capitalize expenditures for significant improvements that extend the useful life of the related property. We expense repairs and maintenance, including plant turnaround costs, as incurred. When property is sold or retired, we remove the cost and accumulated depreciation from the accounts, and any related gain or loss is included in earnings.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Intangible Assets and Goodwill - Intangible assets include customer bases, formulas and technology, trademarks and trade names, and backlog, as well as non-amortizing water rights. We assign a value to acquired identifiable intangible assets based on independent third-party appraisals and management's assessment at the time of acquisition. Management estimates the fair value for these identifiable intangible assets using an income valuation approach for customer bases, backlog, formulas and technology, and trademarks and trade names. The cash flow projections include significant judgments and assumptions relating to revenue growth rates; earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization; discount rate; contributory asset charges; customer attrition rate; and royalty rates, as applicable. We use a market valuation approach for estimating water rights, and our significant judgments and assumptions include comparable sales data.

NewMarket amortizes the cost of definite-lived intangible assets using the straight-line method over the estimated economic life of the intangible asset. We test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually and between annual tests if events or circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired.

Goodwill arises from the excess of consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets of businesses acquired. We test goodwill for impairment annually, as well as whenever a significant event or circumstance occurs which could reduce the fair value of the reporting unit to which the goodwill applies below the carrying amount of the reporting unit.

Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans - We utilize actuarial methods requiring the use of estimates and assumptions in determining the impact of the pension and postretirement benefit plan obligations recorded in the financial statements. These assumptions include the discount rate, rate of projected compensation increase, and the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets - When significant events or circumstances occur that might impair the value of long-lived assets, we evaluate recoverability of the recorded cost of these assets. Assets are considered to be impaired if their carrying amount is not recoverable from the estimated undiscounted future cash flows associated with the assets. If we determine an asset is impaired and its recorded cost is higher than estimated fair value based on the estimated present value of future cash flows, we adjust the asset to the estimated fair value.

Environmental Costs - NewMarket capitalizes environmental compliance costs if they extend the useful life of the related property or prevent future contamination. Environmental compliance costs also include maintenance and operation of pollution prevention and control facilities. We expense these compliance costs in cost of goods sold as incurred.

Accrued environmental remediation and monitoring costs relate to an existing condition caused by past operations. NewMarket accrues these costs in current operations in cost of goods sold when it is probable that we have incurred a liability and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These estimates are based on an assessment of the site, available clean-up methods, and prior experience in handling remediation.

When we can reliably determine the amount and timing of future cash flows, we discount these liabilities, incorporating an inflation factor.

Legal Costs - We expense legal costs in the period incurred.

Employee Savings Plan - Most of our full-time salaried and hourly employees may participate in defined contribution savings plans. Employees who are covered by collective bargaining agreements may also participate in a savings plan according to the terms of their bargaining agreements. Employees, as well as NewMarket, contribute to the plans. We made contributions of $7 million in each of 2025, 2024, and 2023 related to these plans.

Research, Development, and Testing Expenses - NewMarket expenses all research, development, and testing costs as incurred. R&D costs include personnel-related costs, as well as internal and external testing of our products.

Income Taxes - We recognize deferred income taxes for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the income tax basis of assets and liabilities. We also adjust for changes in tax rates and laws at the time the changes are enacted. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that a deferred tax asset will not be realized. We typically remove a tax impact from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) when the underlying circumstance which gave rise to the tax impact no longer exists.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The calculation of income tax liabilities involves uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations, which are subject to legal interpretation and management judgment. Our income tax returns are regularly examined by federal, state and foreign tax authorities, and those audits may result in proposed adjustments. We have evaluated our tax positions under the more likely than not standard of the accounting literature, and a tax position is recognized if it meets this standard. Such judgments and estimates may change based on audit settlements, court cases, and interpretation of tax laws and regulations. We recognize accrued interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions as part of income tax expense on our Consolidated Statements of Income.

Leases - We determine if an arrangement includes a lease at the inception of the agreement. The right-of-use asset and lease liability are determined at the lease commencement date and are based on the present value of estimated lease payments. We recognized lease expense for operating leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For finance leases, we recognize interest expense on the lease liability over the lease term and the right-of-use asset is amortized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Our lease agreements contain both fixed and variable lease payments. In some cases, variable lease payments are based on a rate or an index. Fixed lease payments, as well as variable lease payments which are based on a rate or index, are included in the determination of the right-of-use asset and lease liability at lease inception. Variable lease payments that are not based on a rate or index are expensed when incurred.

The present value of estimated lease payments is determined utilizing the rate implicit in the lease agreement if that rate can be determined. If the implicit rate cannot be determined, the present value of estimated lease payments is determined utilizing our incremental borrowing rate. The incremental borrowing rate is determined at the lease commencement date and is developed utilizing a readily available market interest rate curve adjusted for our credit quality.

Some of our leases include an option to renew that can extend the lease term. For those leases which are reasonably certain to be renewed, we include the renewal in the lease term.

We do not recognize leases with terms of 12 months or less on the balance sheet for any lease class, except the railcar lease class. For the short-term leases not recorded on the balance sheet, the lease payments are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We account for the lease and nonlease components as a single lease component in determining the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for all lease classes.

Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities - We are exposed to certain risks arising from both our business operations and economic conditions. We manage our exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of our core business activities.

We manage certain economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of our debt funding, as well as through the use of derivative financial instruments. We sometimes enter into interest rate swaps to manage our exposure to interest rate movements.

In addition, our foreign operations expose us to fluctuations of foreign exchange rates. These fluctuations may impact our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows. To manage this exposure, we sometimes enter into foreign currency forward contracts to minimize currency exposure due to cash flows from foreign operations.

We record all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether we have elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting, and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. We may enter into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain of our risks, even though hedge accounting does not apply, or we elect not to apply hedge accounting. We do not enter into derivative instruments for speculative purposes. We had no derivative financial instruments outstanding at December 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

Stock-based Compensation - We calculate the fair value of restricted stock and restricted stock units based on the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant. If award recipients are entitled to receive dividends during the vesting period, we make no adjustment to the fair value of the award for dividends. If the award does not entitle recipients to dividends during the vesting period, we reduce the grant-date price of our common stock by the present

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

value of the dividends expected to be paid on the underlying shares during the vesting period, discounted at the risk-free interest rate.

We recognize stock-based compensation expense for the number of awards expected to vest on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period.

Supplier Finance Programs - We offer our vendors a supplier finance program, which allows our vendors to receive payment from a third-party finance provider earlier than our normal payment terms would provide. NewMarket and its subsidiaries are not a party to the arrangement between our vendor and the finance provider, and there are no assets pledged as security or other forms of guarantees provided by NewMarket to the finance provider. For those vendors who opt to participate in the program, we pay the finance provider the full amount of the invoices on the normal due date. The amount of invoices confirmed and paid through the supplier finance program was not material during the year ended December 31, 2025.

Estimates and Risks Due to Concentration of Business - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

In addition, our financial results can be influenced by certain risk factors. Some of our significant concentrations of risk include the following:

•reliance on a small number of significant customers;

•customers concentrated in the fuel and lubricant industries; and

•production of several of our products solely at one facility.

2. Acquisition of Businesses

We account for acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations under the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standard Codification (ASC) Topic 805, Business Combinations (ASC 805) and have included the results of operations of acquired businesses in our Consolidated Statements of Income from the date of acquisition.

The allocation of the purchase price of acquired companies to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed was developed using estimates of fair value.

Calca Solutions, LLC

On October 1, 2025, we completed the acquisition of Mars TopCo, LLC, the ultimate parent company of Calca Solutions, LLC (Calca) for approximately $218 million. Calca has one manufacturing facility in Louisiana and is the nation's leading producer of Ultra Pure® and high-purity hydrazine - essential, mission-critical propellants that enable advanced aerospace and defense applications. Calca's products are integral to in-space propulsion systems for satellites, space probes, and other vehicles that operate in the most demanding environments. For more than 70 years, Calca has supplied high-purity hydrazine to the U.S. Department of War's Defense Logistics Agency - Energy.

This acquisition was funded by cash on hand and borrowings under our revolving credit facility and is subject to a customary final post-closing adjustment for working capital. Acquisition-related charges of $1 million consisted primarily of legal and professional fees and are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 2025.

We have initiated a purchase price valuation to determine the fair values of the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed and the amount of goodwill to be recognized as of the acquisition date. The amounts recorded for certain assets and liabilities, including but not limited to deferred taxes, intangible assets, and goodwill, are preliminary and are subject to adjustment if additional information is obtained about facts that existed as of the acquisition date. The final determination of the fair values of certain assets and liabilities will be completed within the measurement period of up to one year from the acquisition date.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

A preliminary allocation of the purchase price of Calca is as follows (in millions):


Cash and cash equivalents	$	6
Trade and other accounts receivable, net	4
Inventories	5
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1
Property, plant, and equipment, net	23
Goodwill	44
Intangible assets	175

Accounts payable	(3)
Accrued expenses	(4)
Other noncurrent liabilities	(33)
Fair value of net assets acquired	$	218

Identified intangible assets acquired consisted of the following (in millions):


	Fair Value		Estimated Useful Lives (in years)
Customer base	$	123	9 to 20
Backlog	20		5
Formulas and technology	31		9 to 20
Trademarks and trade names	1		5
Total identified intangible assets	$	175

As part of the acquisition, we recorded $44 million of goodwill. The goodwill recognized is attributable to increased access to mission-critical, resilient sectors with a role in global safety, security, and space exploration, as well as the skilled assembled workforce of Calca. All of the goodwill recognized is part of the specialty materials segment, and none is deductible for income tax purposes.

American Pacific Corporation

On January 16, 2024, we completed the acquisition of all issued and outstanding ownership units of AMPAC Intermediate Holdings, LLC, the ultimate parent company of American Pacific Corporation (AMPAC), for approximately $697 million. Based in Cedar City, Utah, AMPAC has one operating facility from which it manufactures and sells critical specialty materials primarily used in solid rocket motors for space launch and military defense applications.

AMPAC is qualified on many NASA and Department of War programs and has been serving space launch and national defense programs for more than 60 years. The acquisition of AMPAC expanded our presence in mission-critical, resilient sectors. It was funded by cash on hand and borrowings under our then existing revolving credit facility. The purchase consideration was subject to a customary post-closing adjustment for working capital, which was finalized during the second quarter of 2024. Acquisition-related charges of $1 million consisted primarily of legal and professional fees and are included in selling, general, and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statement of Income for the year ended December 31, 2024.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed in the AMPAC acquisition are as follows (in millions):


Cash and cash equivalents	$	16
Trade and other accounts receivable, net	6
Inventories	25
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3
Property, plant, and equipment, net	111
Intangibles and goodwill	650
Deferred charges and other assets	5
Accounts payable	(3)
Accrued expenses	(5)
Other noncurrent liabilities	(111)
Fair value of net assets acquired	$	697

Identified intangible assets acquired consisted of the following (in millions):


	Fair Value		Estimated Useful Lives (in years)
Customer base	$	275	17.5
Formulas and technology	60		8
Trademarks and trade names	30		15
Water rights	29		indefinite
	$	394

As part of the acquisition, we recorded $256 million of goodwill. The goodwill recognized is attributable to increased access to mission-critical, resilient sectors with a role in global safety, security, and space exploration, as well as the value of the skilled assembled workforce of AMPAC. All of the goodwill recognized is part of the specialty materials segment, and none of the goodwill is deductible for income tax purposes.

The following table presents the financial results for AMPAC from the date of acquisition through December 31, 2024 (in thousands). These results include a charge related to the sale of finished goods inventory acquired, which was recorded at fair value on the acquisition date and sold to customers during 2024.


AMPAC	January 16 to December 31, 2024
Net sales	$	141,243
Income before income tax expense	17,755

The following table presents our estimated unaudited pro forma consolidated results for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, assuming the acquisition of AMPAC had occurred on January 1, 2023. The unaudited pro forma information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been realized if the acquisition had been completed at the beginning of 2023, nor is it indicative of expected results for any future period. In addition, no effect is given to any synergistic benefits resulting from the integration of AMPAC into NewMarket.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Unaudited pro forma information for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 includes adjustments to depreciation and amortization based upon the fair value allocation of the purchase price to AMPAC's tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed as though the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2023, as well as adjustments for debt-related costs and management fees. The acquisition-related costs and the charge related to the fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventory were recognized in actual results during the year ended December 31, 2024, but for the presentation below, these costs are excluded from 2024 unaudited pro forma income before income taxes and are instead reflected in 2023 pro forma income before income taxes as though they were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2023.


Pro Forma Supplemental Information (unaudited) (in thousands)
	Years Ended December 31,
Consolidated	2024		2023
Net sales	$	2,791,658	$	2,823,753
Income before income tax expense	591,237		461,042

3. Net Sales

Our revenues are predominantly derived from the manufacture and sale of petroleum additives products. We sell petroleum additives products across the world to customers located in the North America (the United States and Canada), Latin America (Mexico, Central America, and South America), Asia Pacific, and EMEAI (Europe/Middle East/Africa/India) regions. Our petroleum additives customers primarily consist of global, national, and independent oil companies. Our petroleum additives contracts generally include one performance obligation, which is satisfied at a point in time when products are shipped, delivered, or consumed by the customer, depending on the underlying contracts.

Additionally, we have revenue from the manufacture and sale of critical specialty materials products used primarily in solid rocket motors for space launch and military defense applications, as well as propellants that enable advanced aerospace and defense applications and are integral to in-space propulsion systems for satellites and space probes. The sale of specialty materials products is predominantly to customers located in the United States, with limited amounts to customers in other countries. Our specialty materials customers are primarily contractors or subcontractors of the U.S. government, as well as the U.S. government. Specialty materials contracts generally include one performance obligation, which is typically satisfied at a point in time when the products are shipped from the plant sites.

While some of our customers have payment terms beyond 30 days, we do not provide extended payment terms of a year or more, nor do our contracts include a financing component. Our allowance for credit losses is immaterial, as are any bad debts we have incurred. In limited cases, we collect funds in advance of shipping product to our customers and recognizing the related revenue. These prepayments from customers are recorded as a contract liability until we recognize the revenue. Prepayments from our customers totaled $18 million at December 31, 2025 and $0.1 million at December 31, 2024. Revenue recognized from funds collected in advance from customers in an earlier period was $0.1 million in 2025, $0.4 million in 2024, and $1 million in 2023.

We recognize revenue when control of the product is transferred to our customer and for an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to collect from the customer. Control is generally transferred to the customer when title transfers (which may include physical possession by the customer), we have a right to payment from the customer, the customer has accepted the product, and the customer has assumed the risks and rewards of ownership. We have supplier managed inventory arrangements with some of our customers to facilitate on-demand product availability. In some cases, the inventory resides at a customer site, but title has not transferred, we are not entitled to payment, and we have not invoiced for the product. We have evaluated the contract terms under these arrangements and have determined that control transfers when the customer uses the product, at which time revenue is recognized.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Taxes assessed by a governmental authority which are concurrent with sales to our customers, including sales, use, value-added, and revenue-related excise taxes, are collected by us from the customer and are not included in net sales, but are reflected in accrued expenses until remitted to the appropriate governmental authority. When we are responsible for shipping and handling costs after title has transferred, we account for those as fulfillment costs and include them in cost of goods sold.

Some of our contracts include variable consideration in the form of rebates, including tiered pricing, and/or business development funds. We estimate rebates at the point of sale as contra-revenue. The estimates are based on our best judgment at the time of sale, which includes anticipated as well as historical performance. Depending upon the specific terms of a business development fund, amounts are accrued as contra-revenue at the point of sale or are expensed when costs are incurred by us. We regularly review rebates, tiered pricing, and business development funds and make adjustments when necessary, recognizing the full amount of any adjustment in the period identified. We recognized an increase to net sales of $3 million in 2025, $4 million in 2024, and $5 million in 2023 related to adjustments to rebates or business development funds which were recognized in revenue in a prior period. At December 31, 2025, accrued rebates were $21 million and accrued business development funds were $0.3 million. At December 31, 2024, accrued rebates were $25 million and accrued business development funds were $0.2 million.

The following table provides information on our net sales by geographic area. Information on net sales by segment is in Note 5.


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Net sales
United States	$	1,067,306	$	1,095,881	$	972,954
Europe, Middle East, Africa, India	818,833		786,764		791,744
Asia Pacific	518,478		573,312		582,971
Other foreign	320,552		330,601		350,750
Net sales	$	2,725,169	$	2,786,558	$	2,698,419

4. Earnings Per Share

We had 37,225 shares in 2025, 35,222 shares in 2024, and 34,006 shares in 2023 of nonvested restricted stock that were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share, as their effect on earnings per share would have been anti-dilutive.

The nonvested restricted stock is considered a participating security since the restricted stock contains nonforfeitable rights to dividends. As such, we use the two-class method to compute basic and diluted earnings per share for all periods presented since this method yields the most dilutive result. The following table illustrates the earnings allocation method utilized in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share.


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per-share amounts)	2025		2024		2023
Earnings per share numerator:
Net income attributable to common shareholders before allocation of earnings to participating securities	$	418,747	$	462,413	$	388,864
Earnings allocated to participating securities	(1,615)		(1,652)		(1,339)
Net income attributable to common shareholders after allocation of earnings to participating securities	$	417,132	$	460,761	$	387,525
Earnings per share denominator:
Weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding - basic and diluted	9,386		9,555		9,583


Earnings per share - basic and diluted	$	44.44	$	48.22	$	40.44

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

5. Segment and Geographic Area Information

Segment Information -We have two reportable segments – petroleum additives and specialty materials. The petroleum additives segment includes lubricant and fuel additives which are necessary for the efficient and reliable operation of vehicles and machinery. The specialty materials segment includes critical materials used in solid rocket motors for space launch and military defense applications as well as propellants that enable advanced aerospace and defense applications and are integral to in-space propulsion systems for satellites and space probes. The petroleum additives and specialty materials segments are managed separately by the president of Afton and the executive vice president, specialty materials, respectively. The “All other” category shown in the tables below includes the operations of the antiknock compounds business, as well as certain contracted manufacturing and related services associated with Ethyl.

We have determined that our chief executive officer is the chief operating decision maker (CODM) who makes key operating decisions and assesses the performance of the reportable segments. The CODM evaluates performance based on segment operating profit and considers budgeted and forecasted variances to actual results in allocating resources to the segments.

The segment accounting policies are the same as those described in Note 1. NewMarket Services expenses are billed to Afton, AMPAC, Calca, and Ethyl based on the services provided. Depreciation on segment property, plant, and equipment, as well as amortization of segment definite-lived intangible assets and lease right-of-use assets are included in segment operating profit. No material transfers occurred between any of the petroleum additives segment, specialty materials segment, and the “All other” category during the periods presented.

The table below reports net sales and operating profit by segment, as well as a reconciliation to income before income tax expense, for the last three years. No single customer accounted for 10% or more of our total net sales in 2025, 2024, or 2023.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Net sales
Petroleum additives
Lubricant additives	$	2,155,972	$	2,246,293	$	2,295,440
Fuel additives	377,638		389,949		394,269
Total	2,533,610		2,636,242		2,689,709
Specialty materials	182,482		141,243		0
All other	9,077		9,073		8,710
Total net sales	$	2,725,169	$	2,786,558	$	2,698,419

Segment operating profit
Petroleum additives
Net sales	$	2,533,610	$	2,636,242	$	2,689,709
Cost of goods sold	(1,748,787)		(1,791,481)		(1,914,337)
Research, development, and testing expenses	(132,091)		(124,898)		(137,998)
Other segment items	(132,680)		(128,009)		(122,946)
Petroleum additives segment operating profit	520,052		591,854		514,428

Specialty materials
Net sales	182,482		141,243		0
Other segment items	(135,455)		(123,791)		0
Specialty materials segment operating profit	47,027		17,452		0

Total segment operating profit	567,079		609,306		514,428

All other	(4,765)		(2,283)		(4,986)
Corporate, general, and administrative expenses	(18,633)		(17,332)		(26,147)
Interest and financing expenses, net	(39,693)		(57,366)		(37,359)

Other income (expense), net	56,574		51,782		43,026
Income before income tax expense	$	560,562	$	584,107	$	488,962

The significant expense categories of cost of goods sold and research, development, and testing expenses are shown in the above segment operating profit table for the petroleum additives segment and are regularly provided to the CODM. The other segment items for the petroleum additives segment represent selling, general, and administrative expenses, as well as corporate services allocated to the reporting segment.

The other segment items for the specialty materials segment include costs of goods sold; selling, general, and administrative expenses; and corporate services allocated to the reporting segment. Significant expense categories of the specialty materials segment are not regularly provided to the CODM.

Asset information by segment is not reported internally or otherwise regularly provided to the CODM.

The following tables show additions to long-lived assets by segment and depreciation and amortization by segment and the reconciliation to both consolidated amounts. The additions to long-lived assets include property, plant, and equipment and lease right-of-use assets.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Additions to long-lived assets
Petroleum additives	$	75,639	$	72,126	$	72,038
Specialty materials	50,716		4,144		0
All other	16		2		1
Corporate	5,062		2,125		2,018
Total additions to long-lived assets	$	131,433	$	78,397	$	74,057
Depreciation and amortization
Petroleum additives	$	79,624	$	79,241	$	74,471
Specialty materials	39,000		33,849		0
All other	49		46		45
Corporate	3,749		3,821		3,494
Total depreciation and amortization	$	122,422	$	116,957	$	78,010

Geographic Area Information - We have operations in the North America, Latin America, Asia Pacific, and EMEAI regions. Our foreign customers consist primarily of global, national, and independent oil companies.

The tables below report net sales and long-lived assets by geographic area, as well as by country for those countries with significant net sales or long-lived assets. Since our foreign operations are significant to our overall business, we are also presenting net sales in the table below by the major regions in which we operate. NewMarket assigns net sales to geographic areas based on the location to which the product was shipped to a third party. Long-lived assets in the table below include property, plant, and equipment, net of depreciation, and lease right-of-use assets.


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Net sales
United States	$	1,067,306	$	1,095,881	$	972,954
Europe, Middle East, Africa, India	818,833		786,764		791,744
Asia Pacific	518,478		573,312		582,971
Other foreign	320,552		330,601		350,750
Total net sales	$	2,725,169	$	2,786,558	$	2,698,419


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Long-lived assets
United States	$	533,286	$	484,265
Singapore	216,768		227,287
Other foreign	134,788		128,204
Total long-lived assets	$	884,842	$	839,756

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

6. Supplemental Cash Flow Information


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Cash paid during the year for
Interest and financing expenses (net of capitalization)	$	38,844	$	55,905	$	36,644
Income taxes	133,093		119,534		132,928
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash transactions

Non-cash additions to property, plant, and equipment	$	7,843	$	3,015	$	1,788

7. Trade and Other Accounts Receivable, Net


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Trade receivables	$	362,413	$	345,845
Income and other tax receivables	53,699		38,811
Other	5,972		10,794
	$	422,084	$	395,450

8. Inventories


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Finished goods and work-in-process	$	394,787	$	403,459
Raw materials	76,629		77,258
Stores, supplies, and other	30,841		24,709
	$	502,257	$	505,426

Our U.S. petroleum additives finished goods, work-in-process, and raw materials inventories, which are stated on the LIFO basis, amounted to $138 million at December 31, 2025 and were below replacement cost by approximately $91 million. At December 31, 2024, LIFO basis inventories were $142 million, which was approximately $93 million below replacement cost.

Our foreign inventories amounted to $316 million at December 31, 2025 and $329 million at December 31, 2024.

Reserves for obsolete and slow-moving inventory included in the table above were not material at December 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

9. Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Dividend funding	$	23,805	$	22,037
Income taxes on intercompany profit	12,350		7,962
Other	21,618		21,204
	$	57,773	$	51,203

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

10. Property, Plant, and Equipment, net


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Land	$	42,000	$	37,652
Land improvements	72,876		68,832
Leasehold improvements	2,735		2,034
Buildings	186,590		180,235
Machinery and equipment	1,494,910		1,433,903
Construction in progress	54,278		33,385
	1,853,389		1,756,041
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	1,077,909		1,020,680
Net property, plant, and equipment	$	775,480	$	735,361

We depreciate the cost of property, plant, and equipment using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives:


Land improvements			3 - 40 years
Buildings			7 - 40 years
Machinery and equipment			1 - 30 years

Depreciation expense was $72 million in 2025, $72 million in 2024, and $56 million in 2023.

11. Intangibles (Net of Amortization) and Goodwill

The net carrying amount of intangibles and goodwill was $941 million at December 31, 2025 and $750 million at December 31, 2024. The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of each type of intangible asset and goodwill are presented in the table below.


	December 31,
	2025				2024
(in thousands)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Amortizing intangible assets
Customer bases	$	403,310	$	37,626	$	280,440	$	19,856
Formulas and technology	90,820		14,745		60,000		7,220
Trademarks and trade names	31,020		3,976		30,000		1,925
Backlog	19,870		1,036		0		0

Water rights	29,392				29,392
Goodwill	424,127				379,593
	$	998,539	$	57,383	$	779,425	$	29,001
Amortization expense			$	28,382			$	24,462

Amortization expense was $2 million in 2023. Of the total intangibles (net of amortization) and goodwill at December 31, 2025, $124 million is attributable to the petroleum additives segment and $817 million is attributable to the specialty materials segment. The change in the gross carrying amount between 2024 and 2025 is due to the identifiable intangible assets and goodwill from the acquisition of Calca, as well as the foreign currency fluctuation on goodwill in the petroleum additives segment. See Note 2 for further information on the intangibles and goodwill obtained with the Calca acquisition. There is no accumulated goodwill impairment.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Estimated annual amortization expense related to our intangible assets for the next five years is shown in the table below (in thousands).


2026	$	37,426
2027	37,426
2028	37,377
2029	37,236
2030	36,149

We amortize the formulas and technology over a period of 8 to 20 years, the customer bases over 9 to 20 years, the trademarks and trade names over 5 to 15 years, and the backlog over 5 years.

12. Deferred Charges and Other Assets


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Finance lease right-of-use assets	$	31,095	$	33,142
Deferred income tax assets	2,580		2,066
Asbestos insurance receivables	2,783		2,749
Deferred financing costs, net of amortization	1,350		1,792
Other	13,989		12,781
	$	51,797	$	52,530

Deferred financing costs, net of amortization, in the table above include only those costs associated with the revolving credit facility. The amount of deferred financing costs, net of amortization, related to the 2.70% senior notes and the term loan is reported as a component of long-term debt. See Note 14 for further information on our long-term debt.

13. Accrued Expenses


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Employee benefits, payroll, and related taxes	$	40,673	$	38,182
Customer rebates	20,857		24,580
Customer prepayment	18,409		102
Interest on long-term debt	6,916		7,832
Taxes other than income and payroll	5,339		4,150


Other	17,580		14,431
	$	109,774	$	89,277

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Long-term Debt


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Senior notes - 2.70% due 2031 (net of related deferred financing costs)	$	395,391	$	394,506
Revolving credit facility	288,000		77,000
Senior notes - 3.78% due 2029	200,000		250,000
Term Loan (net of related deferred financing costs)	0		249,775
	$	883,391	$	971,281

2.70% Senior Notes - On March 18, 2021, we issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of 2.70% senior notes due 2031 at an issue price of 98.763%. The 2.70% senior notes are general unsecured senior obligations and rank equally with our other unsecured senior indebtedness. The offer and sale of the notes were registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. We incurred financing costs in 2021 of approximately $4 million related to the 2.70% senior notes, which are being amortized over the term of the notes.

The indenture governing the 2.70% senior notes includes certain customary covenants that, among other things and subject to certain qualifications and exceptions, limit our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries to:

•grant liens to secure indebtedness;

•engage in sale and lease back transactions;

•merge or consolidate with, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of our assets to a third party.

We were in compliance with all covenants under the indenture governing the 2.70% senior notes as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

3.78% Senior Notes - On January 4, 2017, we issued $250 million in senior unsecured notes in a private placement with The Prudential Insurance Company of America and certain other purchasers. These notes bear interest at 3.78% with interest payable semiannually. We have made two principal payments of $50 million each on January 4, 2025 and January 5, 2026. We have three remaining principal payments of $50 million due January 4 of each year through 2029. We have the right to make optional prepayments on the notes at any time, subject to certain limitations. The note purchase agreement contains representations, warranties, terms, and conditions customary for transactions of this type. These include negative covenants, certain financial covenants, and events of default which are substantially similar to the covenants and events of default in our revolving credit facility.

We were in compliance with all covenants under the 3.78% senior notes as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Term Loan - On January 22, 2024, we entered into a credit agreement for an unsecured $250 million term loan (the Term Loan Credit Agreement), which had a maturity date of January 22, 2026. We borrowed the entire $250 million available under the Term Loan Credit Agreement and paid financing costs of $0.4 million, which were amortized over the term that the principal was outstanding under the agreement. We were required to repay the principal amount borrowed under the term loan in full at maturity. Subject to the conditions set forth in the Term Loan Credit Agreement, we had the option to prepay, without penalty, amounts borrowed under the term loan, together with any accrued and unpaid interest, prior to maturity. Any amounts prepaid prior to maturity were not available for additional borrowings by us. We repaid the Term Loan Credit Agreement in full during 2025 and there are no remaining obligations related to the loan as of December 31, 2025.

The principal amount borrowed under the term loan bore interest at a variable rate equal to Term SOFR plus the Applicable Rate. The Applicable Rate was based, at our option, on either our Leverage Ratio or Ratings Level. All capitalized terms are as defined in the Term Loan Credit Agreement.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The Term Loan Credit Agreement contained certain customary covenants, including financial covenants, which required us to maintain a consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Term Loan Credit Agreement) of no more than 3.75 to 1.00 except during an Increased Leverage Period (as defined in the Term Loan Credit Agreement). We were in compliance with all covenants under the term loan at the time we repaid it in 2025 and as of December 31, 2024.

Concurrently with entering into the Revolving Credit Agreement, we terminated our former revolving credit facility entered into on March 5, 2020. Upon termination, we repaid the amount then outstanding under the former revolving credit facility, plus accrued and unpaid interest.

Borrowings made under the revolving credit facility bear interest at a variable rate determined, at our option, at an annual rate equal to (i) the Base Rate, (ii) Term SOFR, (iii) the Weekly Adjusted Term SOFR, (iv) the Alternative Currency Term Rate, or (v) the Alternative Currency Daily Rate, each plus the Applicable Rate and all as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement. The Applicable Rate is based, at our option, on either our Leverage Ratio or Ratings Level. All capitalized terms are as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement.

We paid financing costs in 2024 of approximately $1.8 million related to this revolving credit facility and carried over deferred financing costs from the former revolving credit facility of approximately $0.4 million, resulting in total gross deferred financing costs of $2.2 million, which we are amortizing over the term of the Revolving Credit Agreement.

Outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility amounted to $288 million at December 31, 2025 and $77 million at December 31, 2024. Outstanding letters of credit amounted to approximately $4 million at both December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The unused portion of the revolving credit facility amounted to $608 million at December 31, 2025 and $819 million at December 31, 2024.

The average interest rate for borrowings under the applicable revolving credit agreement was 5.3% during the year ended December 31, 2025 and 6.5% during the year ended December 31, 2024.

The Revolving Credit Agreement contains certain customary covenants, including financial covenants, which require us to maintain a consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement) of no more than 3.75 to 1.00 except during an Increased Leverage Period (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement). We were in compliance with all covenants under the revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

15. Other Noncurrent Liabilities


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Deferred income tax liabilities	$	243,761	$	162,911
Employee benefits	66,483		62,593
Finance lease liabilities	15,054		17,675
Environmental remediation	10,052		9,657
Asbestos litigation reserve	5,045		4,998
Other	9,112		9,611
	$	349,507	$	267,445

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

16. Stock-based Compensation

The 2023 Incentive Compensation and Stock Plan (the Plan) was approved on April 27, 2023 and replaced the 2014 Incentive Compensation and Stock Plan (the Prior Plan). No new awards may be granted under the Prior Plan, but the terms of the Prior Plan continue to govern awards that were issued under the Prior Plan and remain outstanding. Awards outstanding under the Prior Plan will remain in effect until vested or forfeited under their terms.

Any employee of our company or an affiliate or a person who is a member of our Board of Directors or the board of directors of an affiliate is eligible to participate in the Plan if the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the Administrator), in its sole discretion, determines that such person has contributed or can be expected to contribute to the profits or growth of our company or affiliates (each, a participant). Under the terms of the Plan, we may grant participants stock awards, incentive awards, stock units, or options (which may be either incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options), or stock appreciation rights (SARs), which may be granted with a related option. Stock options entitle the participant to purchase a specified number of shares of our common stock at a price that is fixed by the Administrator at the time the option is granted; provided, however, that the price cannot be less than the shares’ fair market value on the date of grant. The maximum period in which an option may be exercised is fixed by the Administrator at the time the option is granted but, in the case of an incentive stock option, cannot exceed 10 years. No participant may be granted or awarded, in any calendar year, shares, options, SARs, or stock units covering more than 10,000 shares of our common stock in the aggregate. For purposes of this limitation and the individual limitation on the grant of options, an option and corresponding SAR are treated as a single award. No participant may receive, in a single calendar year, an incentive award cash payment under the Plan exceeding $2,000,000. A non-employee director may not be granted an incentive award and may not be granted more than 1,000 shares of common stock in a calendar year.

The maximum aggregate number of shares of our common stock that may be issued under the Plan is 250,000. At December 31, 2025, 231,840 shares were available for grant. During 2025, we granted 720 shares to five of our non-employee directors, which vested immediately.

A summary of activity during 2025 related to NewMarket’s restricted stock and restricted stock units (stock awards) is presented below in whole shares.


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Unvested stock awards at January 1, 2025	36,460	$	410.00
Granted in 2025	8,740	562.19
Vested in 2025	(5,356)	414.19
Forfeited in 2025	(1,385)	448.93
Unvested stock awards at December 31, 2025	38,459	442.60

The weighted average grant-date fair value was $621.31 for stock awards granted in 2024 and $341.93 for stock awards granted in 2023. The fair value of shares vested was $2 million in both 2025 and 2024 and $3 million in 2023. We recognized compensation expense of $3 million in 2025, $2 million in 2024 and $4 million in 2023 related to stock awards. At December 31, 2025, total unrecognized compensation expense related to stock awards was $8 million, which is expected to be recognized over a period of 2.3 years.

17. Leases

Our leases are for land, real estate, railcars, vehicles, pipelines, plant equipment, and office equipment. We have leases with remaining terms ranging from less than one year to 45 years. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The components of lease cost are shown in the table below.


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)		2025		2024		2023
Operating lease cost		$	21,684	$	19,574	$	19,242
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets		2,735		2,610		2,547
Interest on lease liabilities		583		621		657
Short-term lease cost		2,179		2,293		2,463
Variable lease cost		6,702		6,755		5,539
Total lease cost		$	33,883	$	31,853	$	30,448

Variable lease costs also include leases that do not have a right-of-use asset or lease liability but are capitalized as part of inventory.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases follows.


		December 31,
(in thousands)	Balance Sheet Classification	2025		2024
Operating leases
Right-of-use assets	Operating lease right-of-use assets, net	$	78,267	$	71,253

Current liability	Operating lease liabilities	$	16,205	$	15,337
Noncurrent liability	Operating lease liabilities-noncurrent	62,045		54,754
		$	78,250	$	70,091

Finance leases
Right-of-use assets	Deferred charges and other assets	$	31,095	$	33,142

Current liability	Other current liabilities	$	3,071	$	2,938
Noncurrent liability	Other noncurrent liabilities	15,054		17,675
		$	18,125	$	20,613


	December 31,
	2025		2024		2023
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)
Operating leases	11		11		12
Finance leases	12		13		14

Weighted average incremental borrowing rate
Operating leases	4.56	%	4.37	%	4.07	%
Finance leases	3.02	%	3.01	%	2.92	%

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases follows.


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	21,696	$	19,734	$	19,929
Operating cash flows from finance leases	578		617		656
Financing cash flows from finance leases	3,195		2,797		3,087

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease obligations
Operating leases	$	25,523	$	20,085	$	25,339
Finance leases	632		992		425

Maturities of lease liabilities at December 31, 2025 follow.


(in thousands)	Operating Leases		Finance Leases
2026	$	19,308	$	3,563
2027	16,060		3,548
2028	12,509		3,529
2029	10,235		3,502
2030	7,507		3,238
Thereafter	35,098		2,314
Total lease payments	100,717		19,694
Less: imputed interest	22,467		1,569
Total lease obligations	$	78,250	$	18,125

Operating lease payments in the table above include approximately $16 million related to options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised. At December 31, 2025, we had operating lease commitments of approximately $0.2 million and finance lease commitments of approximately $8 million, which are not included in the above table. Most of the commitments relate to equipment that is being constructed or procured by the future lessors and office space. These leases are expected to commence in 2026.

18. Pension Plans and Postretirement Benefits

NewMarket uses a December 31 measurement date for all of our plans.

The service cost component of net periodic benefit cost (income) is included in cost of goods sold; selling, general, and administrative expenses; or research, development, and testing expenses, to reflect where other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employee are recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The remaining components of net periodic benefit cost (income) are recorded in other income (expense), net on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

U.S. Retirement Plans

NewMarket sponsors four pension plans for all full-time U.S. employees that offer a benefit based primarily on years of service and compensation. Employees do not contribute to these pension plans. The plans are as follows:

•NewMarket salaried employees pension plan (the Salaried Plan);

•Afton pension plan for union employees (the Sauget Plan);

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

•NewMarket retirement income plan for union employees in Houston, Texas (the Houston Plan); and

•Afton Chemical Additives pension plan for union employees in Port Arthur, Texas (the Port Arthur Plan).

In addition, we offer an unfunded, nonqualified supplemental pension plan. This plan restores the pension benefits from our regular pension plans that would have been payable to designated participants if it were not for limitations imposed by U.S. federal income tax regulations. We also provide postretirement health care benefits and life insurance to eligible retired employees.

The components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost (income), as well as other amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), are shown below.


	Years Ended December 31,
	Pension Benefits						Postretirement Benefits
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023		2025		2024		2023
Net periodic benefit cost (income)
Service cost	$	11,314	$	12,339	$	10,399	$	563	$	648	$	520
Interest cost	24,797		22,329		18,212		1,597		1,611		1,582
Expected return on plan assets	(60,467)		(53,864)		(46,039)		(800)		(769)		(781)
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)	186		186		186		(3,028)		(3,028)		(3,028)
Amortization of actuarial net (gain) loss	(4,060)		(1,709)		(1,598)		(354)		(136)		(275)
Net periodic benefit cost (income)	(28,230)		(20,719)		(18,840)		(2,022)		(1,674)		(1,982)
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)
Actuarial net (gain) loss	(37,087)		(80,585)		(34,997)		(681)		(934)		918
Prior service cost (credit)	32		0		648		0		0		0
Amortization of actuarial net gain (loss)	4,060		1,709		1,598		354		136		275
Amortization of prior service (cost) credit	(186)		(186)		(186)		3,028		3,028		3,028
Total recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)	(33,181)		(79,062)		(32,937)		2,701		2,230		4,221
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost (income) and other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(61,411)	$	(99,781)	$	(51,777)	$	679	$	556	$	2,239

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Changes in the plans’ benefit obligations and assets follow.


	December 31,
	Pension Benefits				Postretirement Benefits
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2025		2024
Change in benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	433,934	$	355,913	$	29,252	$	29,832
Service cost	11,314		12,339		563		648
Interest cost	24,797		22,329		1,597		1,611
Actuarial net (gain) loss	74		(25,961)		(708)		(313)
Acquisition	0		91,872		0		0
Plan amendment	32		0		0		0
Benefits paid	(24,303)		(22,558)		(2,369)		(2,526)
Benefit obligation at end of year	445,848		433,934		28,335		29,252
Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	791,993		625,259		20,445		20,375
Actual return on plan assets	97,628		108,487		773		1,389
Acquisition	0		75,834		0		0
Employer contributions	3,362		4,971		1,229		1,207
Benefits paid	(24,303)		(22,558)		(2,369)		(2,526)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	868,680		791,993		20,078		20,445
Funded status	$	422,832	$	358,059	$	(8,257)	$	(8,807)
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Noncurrent assets	$	457,349	$	392,967	$	0	$	0
Current liabilities	(3,868)		(3,836)		(1,062)		(1,109)
Noncurrent liabilities	(30,649)		(31,072)		(7,195)		(7,698)
	$	422,832	$	358,059	$	(8,257)	$	(8,807)
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Actuarial net (gain) loss	$	(186,115)	$	(153,088)	$	(7,743)	$	(7,416)
Prior service cost (credit)	267		421		(4,477)		(7,505)
	$	(185,848)	$	(152,667)	$	(12,220)	$	(14,921)

The AMPAC defined benefit plan was merged with and into the Salaried Plan during 2024. Further information on the acquisition is in Note 2.

The accumulated benefit obligation for all domestic defined benefit pension plans was $411 million at December 31, 2025 and $400 million at December 31, 2024.

The fair market value of plan assets exceeded both the accumulated benefit obligation and projected benefit obligation for all domestic plans, except the nonqualified plan, at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

The net asset position for plans in which assets exceeded the projected benefit obligation is included in prepaid pension cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The net liability position of plans in which the projected benefit obligation exceeded assets is included in other noncurrent liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

A portion of the accrued benefit cost for the nonqualified plan is included in current liabilities at both December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. As the nonqualified plan is unfunded, the amount reflected in current liabilities represents the expected benefit payments related to the nonqualified plan during the following year.

The table below shows selected information on domestic defined benefit pension and postretirement plans.


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Pension plans with the accumulated benefit obligation in excess of the fair market value of plan assets
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	33,741	$	34,481
Fair market value of plan assets	0		0

Pension plans with the projected benefit obligation in excess of the fair market value of plan assets
Projected benefit obligation	34,518		34,908
Fair market value of plan assets	0		0

Postretirement benefit plans with the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation in excess of the fair market value of plan assets
Accumulated postretirement benefit obligation	18,296		18,467
Fair market value of plan assets	0		0

There are no assets held by the trustee for the retired beneficiaries of the nonqualified plan. Payments to retired beneficiaries of the nonqualified plan are made with cash from operations. The postretirement healthcare benefits are also unfunded and paid with cash from operations. The benefits from the postretirement life insurance plan are funded through an insurance contract.

Assumptions - We used the following assumptions to calculate the results of our retirement plans.


	Pension Benefits						Postretirement Benefits
	2025		2024		2023		2025		2024		2023
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost (income) for years ended December 31,
Discount rate	5.875	%	5.375	%	5.625	%	5.875	%	5.375	%	5.625	%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets	8.00	%	8.00	%	8.00	%	4.00	%	4.00	%	4.00	%
Rate of projected compensation increase	3.50	%	3.50	%	3.50	%
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations at December 31,
Discount rate	5.875	%	5.875	%	5.375	%	5.875	%	5.875	%	5.375	%
Rate of projected compensation increase	3.50	%	3.50	%	3.50	%

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

For pension plans, we base the assumed expected long-term rate of return for plan assets on an analysis of our actual investments, including our asset allocation, as well as an analysis of expected returns. This analysis reflects the expected long-term rates of return for each significant asset class and economic indicator. The range of returns relies both on forecasts and on broad-market historical benchmarks for expected return, correlation, and volatility for each asset class. Our asset allocation is predominantly weighted towards equities. Through ongoing monitoring of our investments and review of market data, we have determined that we should maintain the expected long-term rate of return for our U.S. plans at 8.0% for the year beginning January 1, 2026. For the postretirement plan, we based the assumed expected long-term rate of return for plan assets on an evaluation of projected interest rates, as well as the guaranteed interest rate for our insurance contract. As a result of that evaluation, we have maintained the expected long-term rate of return at 4.0% for the year beginning January 1, 2026.

Plan Assets - Pension plan assets are held and distributed by trusts and consist principally of equity securities and investment-grade fixed income securities. We invest directly in equity securities, as well as in funds which primarily hold equity and debt securities. Our target allocation is 90% to 97% in equities, 3% to 10% in debt securities and 1% to 5% in cash.

The pension obligation is long-term in nature and the investment philosophy followed by our Pension Investment Committee is likewise long-term in its approach. The majority of the pension funds are invested in equity securities as, historically, equity securities have outperformed debt securities and cash investments, resulting in a higher investment return over the long-term. While in the short-term, equity securities may underperform other investment classes, we are less concerned with short-term results and more concerned with long-term improvement. The pension funds are managed by several different investment companies who predominantly invest in U.S. and international equities. Each investment company’s performance is reviewed quarterly. A small portion of the funds is in investments such as cash and cash equivalents or short-term bonds, which historically has been less vulnerable to short-term market swings. These funds are used to provide the cash needed to meet our monthly obligations.

There are no significant concentrations of risk within plan assets, nor do the equity securities include any NewMarket common stock for any year presented.

The assets of the postretirement benefit plan are invested completely in an insurance contract. No NewMarket common stock is included in these assets.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table provides information on the fair value of our pension and postretirement benefit plans assets, as well as the related level within the fair value hierarchy. Investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been classified by level in the fair value hierarchy.


	December 31, 2025								December 31, 2024
			Fair Value Measurements Using								Fair Value Measurements Using
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Pension Plans

Equity securities:
U. S. companies	$	521,658	$	521,658	$	0	$	0	$	469,826	$	469,826	$	0	$	0
International companies	40,782		40,782		0		0		34,370		34,370		0		0
Cash and cash equivalents	11,314		11,314		0		0		13,530		13,530		0		0
Pooled investment funds:
Fixed income securities—mutual funds	38,154		38,154		0		0		36,694		36,694		0		0
Equities—mutual fund	255,477		255,477		0		0		236,024		236,024		0		0
Real estate value added fund measured at net asset value	1,295								1,549


	$	868,680	$	867,385	$	0	$	0	$	791,993	$	790,444	$	0	$	0
Postretirement Plans
Insurance contract	$	20,078	$	0	$	20,078	$	0	$	20,445	$	0	$	20,445	$	0

The valuation methodologies used to develop the fair value measurements for the investments in the previous table are outlined below. There have been no changes in the valuation techniques used to value the investments.

•Equity securities are valued at the closing price reported on a national exchange.

•Cash and cash equivalents are valued at cost.

•The mutual funds in pooled investment funds are valued at the closing price reported on a national exchange.

•The real estate value added fund targets the U.S. real estate services sector focusing on the multi-family asset class. The fund is not publicly traded on an exchange, but the units are valued at net asset value based on the value of underlying assets of the respective fund. This fund is a closed-end vehicle with no standard mechanism for early liquidity except for a sale in the secondary market at a probable significant discount. The fund was established in 2018 with a primary fund life of eight years with options for two, one-year extensions. There is a $47 thousand unfunded commitment.

•The insurance contracts are unallocated funds deposited with an insurance company and are stated at an amount equal to the sum of all amounts deposited less the sum of all amounts withdrawn, adjusted for investment return.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Cash Flows - For U.S. plans, NewMarket expects to contribute $4 million to our defined benefit pension plans and $1 million to our postretirement benefit plan in 2026. The expected benefit payments for the next ten years are as follows.


(in thousands)	Expected Pension Benefit Payments		Expected Postretirement Benefit Payments
2026	$	24,534	$	1,935
2027	25,595		1,865
2028	26,728		1,811
2029	27,830		1,798
2030	28,848		1,792
2031 through 2035	157,402		9,157

Foreign Retirement Plans

For most employees of our foreign subsidiaries, NewMarket has defined benefit pension plans that offer benefits based primarily on years of service and compensation. These defined benefit plans provide benefits for employees of our foreign subsidiaries located in Belgium, the U.K., Germany, Canada, and Mexico. NewMarket generally contributes to investment trusts and insurance accounts to provide for these plans.

The components of net periodic pension cost (income), as well as other amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), for these foreign defined benefit pension plans are shown below.


	Years Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024		2023
Net periodic benefit cost (income)
Service cost	$	3,412	$	4,195	$	4,185
Interest cost	6,849		6,488		6,298
Expected return on plan assets	(16,257)		(13,377)		(11,841)
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)	147		142		138

Amortization of actuarial net (gain) loss	(1,041)		(26)		(24)
Settlements	(598)		0		0
Net periodic benefit cost (income)	(7,488)		(2,578)		(1,244)
Other changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)
Actuarial net (gain) loss	(12,064)		(19,843)		(5,143)

Settlements	598		0		0

Amortization of actuarial net gain (loss)	1,041		26		24
Amortization of prior service (cost) credit	(147)		(142)		(138)
Total recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)	(10,572)		(19,959)		(5,257)
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost (income) and other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(18,060)	$	(22,537)	$	(6,501)

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Changes in the benefit obligations and assets of the foreign defined benefit pension plans follow.


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Change in benefit obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	127,112	$	145,708
Service cost	3,412		4,195
Interest cost	6,849		6,488

Employee contributions	668		653
Actuarial net (gain) loss	(5,755)		(18,702)
Benefits paid	(5,967)		(7,057)
Settlements	(1,270)		0
Foreign currency translation	11,139		(4,173)
Benefit obligation at end of year	136,188		127,112
Change in plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	209,425		200,303
Actual return on plan assets	22,487		15,308
Employer contributions	4,839		5,280
Employee contributions	668		653
Benefits paid	(5,967)		(7,057)
Settlements	(1,270)		0

Foreign currency translation	17,045		(5,062)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	247,227		209,425
Funded status	$	111,039	$	82,313
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Noncurrent assets	$	128,704	$	97,451
Current liabilities	(394)		(341)
Noncurrent liabilities	(17,271)		(14,797)
	$	111,039	$	82,313
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Actuarial net (gain) loss	$	(33,655)	$	(23,230)
Prior service cost (credit)	105		252

	$	(33,550)	$	(22,978)

The settlement in the tables above is the result of a long-tenured employee in our Canadian plan retiring with a lump sum distribution.

The accumulated benefit obligation for all foreign defined benefit pension plans was $125 million at December 31, 2025 and $118 million at December 31, 2024.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The fair market value of plan assets exceeded both the accumulated benefit obligation and projected benefit obligation for the Canada and U.K. plans at both year-end 2025 and 2024. The net asset position of the Canada and U.K. plans is included in prepaid pension cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The accumulated benefit obligation and projected benefit obligation exceeded the fair market value of plan assets for the Germany and Mexico plans at December 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024. At December 31, 2025, the fair market value of plan assets for the Belgium plan exceeded the accumulated benefit obligation but not the projected benefit obligation. At December 31, 2024, the accumulated benefit obligation and projected benefit obligation of the Belgium plan exceeded the fair market value of plan assets. The accrued benefit cost of these plans is included in other noncurrent liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for both years.

As the Germany plan is unfunded, a portion of the accrued benefit cost is included in current liabilities at year-end 2025 and 2024, reflecting the expected benefit payments related to the plan for the following year.

The table below shows selected information on foreign defined benefit pension plans.


	December 31,
(in thousands)	2025		2024
Pension plans with the accumulated benefit obligation in excess of the fair market value of plan assets
Accumulated benefit obligation	$	11,001	$	20,149
Fair market value of plan assets	1,771		11,922

Pension plans with the projected benefit obligation in excess of the fair market value of plan assets
Projected benefit obligation	32,219		27,063
Fair market value of plan assets	14,554		11,922

Assumptions - We used the following weighted-average assumptions to calculate the results of our foreign defined benefit pension plans.


	2025		2024		2023
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost (income) for the years ended December 31,
Discount rate	4.96	%	4.60	%	4.61	%

NEWMARKET CORP 10-K