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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

____________________________________________________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

____________________________________________________________________________________

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended October 31, 2025


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to .

Commission File Number: 001-36121

____________________________________________________________________________________

Veeva Systems Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

____________________________________________________________________________________


Delaware						20-8235463
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(IRS Employer Identification No.)

4280 Hacienda Drive

Pleasanton, California, 94588

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) (925) 452-6500

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) N/A

____________________________________________________________________________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Class A Common Stock,
par value $0.00001 per share

VEEV

The New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐

Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 19, 2025, there were 164,381,855 shares of the Registrant’s Class A common stock outstanding. We refer to our Class A common stock as our “common stock.”

VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		4
Item 1.	Financial Statements	4
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	7
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
	Note 1. Summary of Business and Significant Accounting Policies	8
	Note 2. Short-Term Investments	9
	Note 3. Deferred Costs	10
	Note 4. Goodwill and Intangible Assets	10
	Note 5 . Fair Value Measurements	11
	Note 6 . Income Taxes	12
	Note 7 . Deferred Revenue, Performance Obligations, and Unbilled Accounts Receivable	13
	Note 8 . Leases	13
	Note 9 . Stockholders’ Equity	14
	Note 1 0 . Net Income per Share	15
	Note 1 1 . Commitments and Contingencies	16
	Note 1 2 . Segment Information	16
	Note 1 3 . Information about Geographic Areas and Products	17
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	19
	Overview	19
	Components of Results of Operations	19
	Results of Operations	22
	Operating Expenses and Operating Margin	24
	Non-GAAP Financial Measures	26
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	28
	Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates	29
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	30
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	31
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		32
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	32
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	33
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	56
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	56
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	56
Item 5.	Other Information	56
Item 6.	Exhibits	57
SIGNATURES		58


2			Veeva Systems Inc. \| Form 10-Q

Table of Contents

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that are based on our beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to us. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations and expenses, business strategies and plans, trends, market sizing, competitive position, industry and macroeconomic environment, potential growth opportunities, and product capabilities among other things. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and, in some cases, can be identified by terms such as “aim,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “goal,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “potential,” “predicts,” “projects,” “seeks,” “should,” “strive,” “will,” “would,” or similar expressions and the negatives of those terms.

Forward-looking statements are based on our current views and expectations and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors—including those described in “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and elsewhere in this report—that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

Any forward-looking statements in this report are made only as of the date of this report. Except as required by law, we disclaim any obligation to update these forward-looking statements publicly, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.

As used in this report, the terms “Veeva,” “Registrant,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” mean Veeva Systems Inc. and its subsidiaries unless the context indicates otherwise.


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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except number of shares and par value)

(Unaudited)


	October 31, 2025		January 31, 2025

Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,660,137	$	1,118,785
Short-term investments	4,977,164		4,031,442
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $171 and $57, respectively	314,227		1,016,356
Unbilled accounts receivable	57,549		40,761
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	102,777		101,458
Total current assets	7,111,854		6,308,802
Property and equipment, net	66,117		55,912
Deferred costs, net	25,304		26,383
Lease right-of-use assets	73,839		63,863
Goodwill	439,877		439,877
Intangible assets, net	32,650		44,460
Deferred income taxes	286,966		343,919
Other long-term assets	60,544		56,540
Total assets	$	8,097,151	$	7,339,756
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	32,671	$	30,447
Accrued compensation and benefits	41,485		39,429
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	31,707		35,557
Income tax payable	6,020		9,024
Deferred revenue	822,466		1,273,978
Lease liabilities	10,529		9,969
Total current liabilities	944,878		1,398,404
Deferred income taxes	367		587
Long-term lease liabilities	79,267		65,806
Other long-term liabilities	32,008		42,586
Total liabilities	1,056,520		1,507,383
Commitments and contingencies (note 11)
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock	2		2
Additional paid-in capital	2,911,418		2,386,192
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	9,914		(8,416)
Retained earnings	4,119,297		3,454,595
Total stockholders’ equity	7,040,631		5,832,373
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	8,097,151	$	7,339,756

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


4			Veeva Systems Inc. \| Form 10-Q

Table of Contents

VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended October 31,				Nine months ended October 31,
	2025		2024		2025		2024


Revenues:
Subscription services	$	682,498	$	580,850	$	1,976,449	$	1,676,082
Professional services and other	128,738		118,357		382,911		349,651
Total revenues	811,236		699,207		2,359,360		2,025,733
Cost of revenues (1):
Cost of subscription services	94,171		82,638		266,347		239,577
Cost of professional services and other	105,294		91,751		302,195		279,068
Total cost of revenues	199,465		174,389		568,542		518,645
Gross profit	611,771		524,818		1,790,818		1,507,088
Operating expenses (1):
Research and development	191,883		172,411		568,593		511,551
Sales and marketing	110,552		98,695		318,619		297,524
General and administrative	68,483		72,359		233,113		195,001
Total operating expenses	370,918		343,465		1,120,325		1,004,076
Operating income	240,853		181,353		670,493		503,012
Other income, net	71,933		60,937		206,478		171,239
Income before income taxes	312,786		242,290		876,971		674,251
Income tax provision	76,583		56,482		212,269		155,738
Net income	$	236,203	$	185,808	$	664,702	$	518,513
Net income per share:
Basic	$	1.44	$	1.15	$	4.06	$	3.21
Diluted	$	1.40	$	1.13	$	3.96	$	3.15
Weighted-average shares used to compute net income per share:
Basic	164,049		161,987		163,676		161,707
Diluted	168,935		164,979		167,953		164,838
Other comprehensive income:
Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale investments	$	12,283	$	(738)	$	18,350	$	5,576
Net change in cumulative foreign currency translation loss	(372)		(146)		(20)		(1,398)
Comprehensive income	$	248,114	$	184,924	$	683,032	$	522,691


(1) Includes stock-based compensation as follows:
Cost of revenues:
Cost of subscription services	$	1,842	$	1,696	$	5,498	$	4,892
Cost of professional services and other	14,789		12,929		42,362		38,640
Research and development	52,791		48,014		154,128		138,741
Sales and marketing	24,509		21,214		72,222		67,928
General and administrative	26,337		34,006		80,234		71,945
Total stock-based compensation	$	120,268	$	117,859	$	354,444	$	322,146

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


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Table of Contents

VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share data)

(Unaudited)


	Three months ended October 31, 2025											Three months ended October 31, 2024
	Common stock			Additional paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		Total stockholders’ equity		Common stock			Additional paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive loss		Total stockholders’ equity
	Shares	Amount										Shares	Amount

Balances at beginning of period	163,877,694	$	2	$	2,757,440	$	3,883,094	$	(1,997)	$	6,638,539	161,830,287	$	2	$	2,117,109	$	3,073,162	$	(5,575)	$	5,184,698
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	312,734	—		57,699		—		—		57,699		174,384	—		30,270		—		—		30,270
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units	238,442	—		—		—		—		—		240,316	—		—		—		—		—
Shares withheld related to net share settlement	(85,999)	—		(25,206)		—		—		(25,206)		(86,519)	—		(17,811)		—		—		(17,811)
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		121,485		—		—		121,485		—	—		119,322		—		—		119,322
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—	—		—		—		11,911		11,911		—	—		—		—		(884)		(884)
Net income	—	—		—		236,203		—		236,203		—	—		—		185,808		—		185,808
Balances at end of period	164,342,871	$	2	$	2,911,418	$	4,119,297	$	9,914	$	7,040,631	162,158,468	$	2	$	2,248,890	$	3,258,970	$	(6,459)	$	5,501,403


	Nine months ended October 31, 2025											Nine months ended October 31, 2024
	Common stock			Additional paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		Total stockholders’ equity		Common stock			Additional paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive loss		Total stockholders’ equity
	Shares	Amount										Shares	Amount

Balances at beginning of period	162,583,789	$	2	$	2,386,192	$	3,454,595	$	(8,416)	$	5,832,373	161,260,172	$	2	$	1,915,002	$	2,740,457	$	(10,637)	$	4,644,824
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of stock options	1,297,259	—		239,996		—		—		239,996		401,974	—		65,104		—		—		65,104
Issuance of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock units	731,949	—		—		—		—		—		782,798	—		—		—		—		—
Shares withheld related to net share settlement	(270,126)	—		(71,989)		—		—		(71,989)		(286,476)	—		(59,399)		—		—		(59,399)
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		357,219		—		—		357,219		—	—		328,183		—		—		328,183
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		18,330		18,330		—	—		—		—		4,178		4,178
Net income	—	—		—		664,702		—		664,702		—	—		—		518,513		—		518,513
Balances at end of period	164,342,871	$	2	$	2,911,418	$	4,119,297	$	9,914	$	7,040,631	162,158,468	$	2	$	2,248,890	$	3,258,970	$	(6,459)	$	5,501,403

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


6			Veeva Systems Inc. \| Form 10-Q

Table of Contents

VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Nine months ended October 31,
		2025		2024

Cash flows from operating activities
Net income		$	664,702	$	518,513
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		29,654		29,451
Reduction of lease right-of-use assets		9,405		8,348
Accretion of discount on short-term investments		(6,613)		(20,442)
Stock-based compensation		354,444		322,146
Amortization of deferred costs		12,173		11,507
Deferred income taxes		50,185		(91,231)
Other, net		(562)		(465)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		701,016		595,940
Unbilled accounts receivable		(16,788)		(9,107)
Deferred costs		(11,094)		(10,106)
Prepaid expenses and other current and long-term assets		(6,810)		1,354
Accounts payable		3,190		424
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		(3,260)		(10,240)
Income tax payable		(3,004)		(1,059)
Deferred revenue		(466,118)		(321,090)
Lease liabilities		(6,170)		(7,131)
Other long-term liabilities		4,028		3,695
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,308,378		1,020,507
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of short-term investments		(2,386,193)		(2,206,521)
Maturities and sales of short-term investments		1,471,683		1,537,874
Long-term assets		(22,102)		(15,799)
Net cash used in investing activities		(936,612)		(684,446)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from exercise of common stock options		239,996		65,104
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards		(71,281)		(59,800)
Net cash provided by financing activities		168,715		5,304
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		871		(1,346)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		541,352		340,019
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		1,120,963		706,670
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period		$	1,662,315	$	1,046,689

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	1,660,137	$	1,044,511
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets		2,178		2,178
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period		$	1,662,315	$	1,046,689

Supplemental disclosures of other cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds		$	164,908	$	238,935
Excess tax benefits from employee stock plans		$	23,302	$	5,160

See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


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Table of Contents

VEEVA SYSTEMS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Summary of Business and Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business

Veeva is the leading provider of industry cloud solutions for the global life sciences industry. Our offerings span cloud software, data, and business consulting and are designed to meet the unique needs of our customers and their most strategic business functions—from research and development (“R&D”) through commercialization. Our solutions help life sciences companies develop and bring products to market faster and more efficiently, market and sell more effectively, and maintain compliance with government regulations. Our Commercial Solutions help life sciences companies achieve better, more intelligent engagement with healthcare professionals and healthcare organizations across multiple communication channels, and plan and execute more effective media and marketing campaigns. Our R&D Solutions for the clinical, regulatory, quality, and safety functions help life sciences companies streamline their end-to-end product development and quality and manufacturing processes to increase operational efficiency and maintain regulatory compliance throughout the product life cycle. Our solutions for clinical research sites enable regulatory documents and trial information to be managed in a modern cloud solution that is intended to accelerate the clinical research process for the life sciences industry overall. Our fiscal year end is January 31.

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regarding interim financial reporting and include the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany balances and transactions. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Therefore, these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2025, filed on March 24, 2025. There have been no changes to our significant accounting policies described in the annual report that have had a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes.

The unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 31, 2025 included herein was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly our financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, and cash flows for the interim periods but are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be anticipated for the full fiscal year ending January 31, 2026 or any other period.

New Accounting Pronouncements Issued and Not Yet Adopted

Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disaggregation of rate reconciliation categories and income taxes paid by jurisdiction, among other amendments. This new standard is effective for our fiscal year beginning on February 1, 2025 on a prospective basis. Retrospective application is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2023-09 will modify our disclosures but will not have an impact on our financial position or results of operations. The Company will adopt ASU 2023-09 in the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2026 and is assessing the appropriate transition method.

Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosure (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires disclosure, in the notes to the financial statements, of additional information about certain costs and expenses for interim and annual reporting periods. This new standard is effective for our fiscal year beginning on February 1, 2027 and interim periods beginning on February 1, 2028 on a prospective basis. Retrospective application is permitted. We are currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on our disclosures.


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Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software

In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software, which modernizes the recognition and capitalization framework for internal-use software development costs in order to reflect current software development practices. The amendments also require Subtopic 360-10 disclosures for all capitalized internal-use software costs. This new standard is effective for our fiscal year beginning on February 1, 2028 and interim periods within that fiscal year and may be applied prospectively, retrospectively, or using a modified transition approach. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Note 2. Short-Term Investments

As of October 31, 2025, short-term investments consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value
Available-for-sale securities:
Certificates of deposit	$	20,000	$	—	$	(22)	$	19,978
Asset-backed securities	329,600		2,428		(56)		331,972
Commercial paper	163,369		10		(53)		163,326
Corporate notes and bonds	2,876,564		22,373		(938)		2,897,999
Foreign government bonds	230,578		1,303		(119)		231,762
Municipal securities	55,610		251		(1)		55,860
U.S. agency obligations	11,586		46		—		11,632
U.S. treasury securities	1,259,512		5,446		(323)		1,264,635
Total available-for-sale securities	$	4,946,819	$	31,857	$	(1,512)	$	4,977,164

As of January 31, 2025, short-term investments consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value
Available-for-sale securities:
Certificates of deposit	$	64,045	$	69	$	(21)	$	64,093
Asset-backed securities	526,986		3,257		(232)		530,011
Commercial paper	74,468		108		(1)		74,575
Corporate notes and bonds	2,202,150		10,588		(5,782)		2,206,956
Foreign government bonds	176,684		442		(1,023)		176,103
Municipal securities	67,780		173		(122)		67,831
U.S. agency obligations	24,616		94		(1)		24,709
U.S. treasury securities	888,968		1,440		(3,244)		887,164
Total available-for-sale securities	$	4,025,697	$	16,171	$	(10,426)	$	4,031,442

The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of our short-term investments, designated as available-for-sale and classified by the contractual maturity date of the securities as of the dates shown (in thousands):



	October 31, 2025		January 31, 2025
Due in one year or less	$	1,159,122	$	1,066,558
Due in greater than one year	3,818,042		2,964,884
Total	$	4,977,164	$	4,031,442

We have not recorded an allowance for credit losses, as we believe any such losses would be immaterial based on the high credit quality of our investments. It is more likely than not we will hold such securities until maturity or a recovery of the cost basis.


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The following table shows the fair values of available-for-sale securities which were in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by investment category, as of October 31, 2025 (in thousands):


	12 months or less				Greater than 12 months
	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses
Certificates of deposit	$	19,978	$	(22)	$	—	$	—
Asset-backed securities	211		—		2,082		(56)
Commercial paper	131,187		(53)		—		—
Corporate notes and bonds	411,651		(938)		4,998		(1)
Foreign government bonds	54,398		(97)		8,035		(21)
Municipal securities	5,829		(1)		3,000		—

U.S. treasury securities	256,296		(311)		27,773		(12)
Total	$	879,550	$	(1,422)	$	45,888	$	(90)

The following table shows the fair values of available-for-sale securities which were in an unrealized loss position, aggregated by investment category, as of January 31, 2025 (in thousands):


	12 months or less				Greater than 12 months
	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Fair Value		Gross unrealized losses

Certificates of deposit	$	20,095	$	(21)	$	—	$	—
Asset-backed securities	25,220		(31)		44,789		(201)
Commercial paper	4,944		(1)		—		—
Corporate notes and bonds	616,379		(5,569)		71,331		(213)
Foreign government bonds	76,856		(1,023)		—		—
Municipal securities	22,593		(122)		—		—
U.S. agency obligations	1,865		(1)		—		—
U.S. treasury securities	439,382		(3,072)		173,071		(172)
Total	$	1,207,334	$	(9,840)	$	289,191	$	(586)

Note 3. Deferred Costs

Deferred costs, which consist of deferred sales commissions, were $25 million and $26 million as of October 31, 2025 and January 31, 2025, respectively. Amortization expense for deferred costs included in sales and marketing expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income was $4 million and $12 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025, respectively, and $4 million and $12 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024, respectively. There have been no impairment losses recorded in relation to the costs capitalized for any period presented.

Note 4. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill was $440 million as of both October 31, 2025 and January 31, 2025.

The following table presents the details of intangible assets as of October 31, 2025 (in thousands):


	Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Net
Existing technology	$	28,580	$	(28,040)	$	540
Customer relationships	113,157		(81,519)		31,638

Other intangibles	21,405		(20,933)		472
Total intangible assets	$	163,142	$	(130,492)	$	32,650


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The following table presents the details of intangible assets as of January 31, 2025 (in thousands):


	Gross carrying amount		Accumulated amortization		Net
Existing technology	$	28,580	$	(24,878)	$	3,702
Customer relationships	113,157		(73,223)		39,934

Other intangibles	21,405		(20,581)		824
Total intangible assets	$	163,142	$	(118,682)	$	44,460

Amortization expense associated with intangible assets was $4 million and $12 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025, respectively, and $5 million and $14 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024, respectively.

As of October 31, 2025, the estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets is as follows (in thousands):


Fiscal Year	Estimated amortization expense
Remaining for 2026	$	2,336
2027	8,922
2028	7,778
2029	7,782
2030	5,832

Total	$	32,650

Note 5. Fair Value Measurements

The following table presents the fair value hierarchy for financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of October 31, 2025 (in thousands):


	Level 1		Level 2		Total
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	505,249	$	—	$	505,249

U.S. Treasury securities	—		6,430		6,430



Short-term investments:
Certificates of deposit	—		19,978		19,978
Asset-backed securities	—		331,972		331,972
Commercial paper	—		163,326		163,326
Corporate notes and bonds	—		2,897,999		2,897,999
Foreign government bonds	—		231,762		231,762
Municipal securities	—		55,860		55,860
U.S. agency obligations	—		11,632		11,632
U.S. Treasury securities	—		1,264,635		1,264,635
Foreign currency derivative contracts	—		1,296		1,296
Total financial assets	$	505,249	$	4,984,890	$	5,490,139
Liabilities
Foreign currency derivative contracts	$	—	$	(50)	$	(50)
Total financial liabilities	$	—	$	(50)	$	(50)


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The following table presents the fair value hierarchy for financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of January 31, 2025 (in thousands):


	Level 1		Level 2		Total
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	314,872	$	—	$	314,872
U.S. Treasury securities	—		3,301		3,301

Short-term investments:
Certificates of deposit	—		64,093		64,093
Asset-backed securities	—		530,011		530,011
Commercial paper	—		74,575		74,575
Corporate notes and bonds	—		2,206,956		2,206,956
Foreign government bonds	—		176,103		176,103
Municipal securities	—		67,831		67,831
U.S. agency obligations	—		24,709		24,709
U.S. Treasury securities	—		887,164		887,164
Foreign currency derivative contracts	—		96		96
Total financial assets	$	314,872	$	4,034,839	$	4,349,711
Liabilities
Foreign currency derivative contracts	$	—	$	(525)	$	(525)
Total financial liabilities	$	—	$	(525)	$	(525)

We determine the fair value of our security holdings based on pricing from our service providers and market prices from industry-standard independent data providers. The valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of financial instruments having Level 2 inputs were derived from non-binding consensus prices that are corroborated by observable market data or quoted market prices for similar instruments. Such market prices may be quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1 inputs) or pricing determined using inputs other than quoted prices that are observable either directly or indirectly (Level 2 inputs).

Balance Sheet Hedges

We enter into foreign currency forward contracts in order to hedge our foreign currency exposure. These forward contracts are not designated as hedging instruments under applicable accounting guidance, and therefore, we account for them at fair value with changes in the fair value recorded as a component of other income, net in our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Cash flows from such forward contracts are classified as operating activities.

For the nine months ended October 31, 2025, net realized and unrealized foreign currency losses on hedging were $7 million. The net realized and unrealized foreign currency losses on hedging were not material for the three months ended October 31, 2025 and for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024.

The fair value of our outstanding derivative instruments is summarized below (in thousands):



	October 31, 2025		January 31, 2025
Notional amount of foreign currency derivative contracts	$	108,138	$	130,122
Fair value of foreign currency derivative contracts	$	106,892	$	130,552

Note 6. Income Taxes

For the three months ended October 31, 2025 and 2024, our effective tax rates were 24.5% and 23.3%, respectively. For the nine months ended October 31, 2025 and 2024, our effective tax rates were 24.2% and 23.1%, respectively. During the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year, our effective tax rate increased primarily due to the indirect effects of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”), offset by increased excess tax benefits related to equity compensation.


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Note 7. Deferred Revenue, Performance Obligations, and Unbilled Accounts Receivable

Deferred Revenue

Of the beginning deferred revenue balance for the respective periods, we recognized $581 million and $1,090 million in revenue for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025, respectively, and $492 million and $914 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2024, respectively.

Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

As of October 31, 2025 and January 31, 2025, the amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations for noncancellable subscription services contracts greater than one year was not significant with the substantial majority of such allocated transaction price included in deferred revenue and expected to be recognized over the next 12 months.

Unbilled Accounts Receivable

As of October 31, 2025, unbilled accounts receivable consisted of (i) receivables of $45 million primarily for revenue recognized for professional services performed but not yet billed and (ii) contract assets of $13 million primarily related to professional services performed but for which we are not contractually able to invoice until a future period.

As of January 31, 2025, unbilled accounts receivable consisted of (i) receivables of $33 million primarily for revenue recognized for professional services performed but not yet billed and (ii) contract assets of $8 million primarily related to professional services performed but for which we are not contractually able to invoice until a future period.

Note 8. Leases

We have operating leases for our corporate offices with various expiration dates, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to five years.

For the three months ended October 31, 2025 and 2024, our operating lease expense was $4 million and $3 million, respectively. For the nine months ended October 31, 2025 and 2024, our operating lease expense was $13 million and $10 million, respectively.

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):


	Nine months ended October 31,
	2025		2024
Cash paid for lease liabilities	$	9,597	$	8,984
Lease right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities	$	19,242	$	21,480

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows:



	October 31, 2025		January 31, 2025
Weighted average remaining lease term	7.9 years		7.7 years
Weighted average discount rate	4.7	%	4.6	%


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As of October 31, 2025, remaining maturities of lease liabilities are as follows (in thousands):


Fiscal Year
Remaining for 2026	$	453
2027	14,301
2028	17,512
2029	13,629
2030	12,737
Thereafter	51,602
Total lease payments	110,234
Less imputed interest	(20,438)
Total lease liabilities	$	89,796

Note 9. Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock

As of October 31, 2025, we had 164,342,871 shares of common stock outstanding.

Stock Option Activity

A summary of stock option activity for the nine months ended October 31, 2025 is as follows:


	Number of shares	Weighted average exercise price		Weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)	Aggregate intrinsic value (in millions)
Options outstanding at January 31, 2025	14,633,921	$	177.65	6.8	$	860
Options granted	2,210,273	$	216.02
Options exercised	(1,297,259)	$	185.01
Options forfeited/cancelled	(274,704)	$	210.00
Options outstanding at October 31, 2025	15,272,231	$	182.00	6.5	$	1,669
Options vested and exercisable at October 31, 2025	6,598,881	$	137.04	4.2	$	1,019
Options vested and exercisable at October 31, 2025 and expected to vest thereafter	15,272,231	$	182.00	6.5	$	1,669

The options granted during the nine months ended October 31, 2025 were primarily made in connection with our annual performance review cycle. The weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted was $126.62 and $97.72 per option for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025, respectively.

As of October 31, 2025, there was $481 million in unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options granted under the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.2 years.

The total intrinsic value of options exercised was approximately $34 million and $114 million for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025, respectively.


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Stock Option Valuation Assumptions

The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the grant date fair value of options granted during the periods presented:


	Three months ended October 31,						Nine months ended October 31,
	2025			2024			2025			2024
Volatility	39%	-	40%	39%	-	40%	39%	-	40%	39%	-	41%
Expected term (in years)	6.25			5.54	-	7.25	6.25	-	7.00	5.54	-	7.63
Risk-free interest rate	3.68%	-	3.97%	3.46%	-	4.07%	3.68%	-	4.41%	3.46%	-	4.65%
Dividend yield	—%			—%			—%			—%

Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”)

A summary of RSU activity for the nine months ended October 31, 2025 is as follows:


	Unreleased restricted stock units	Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance at January 31, 2025	880,026	$	206.25
RSUs granted	1,037,518	$	217.30
RSUs vested	(731,949)	$	210.98
RSUs forfeited/cancelled	(48,516)	$	214.69
Balance at October 31, 2025	1,137,079	$	212.93

As of October 31, 2025, there was a total of $122 million in unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested RSUs. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 0.7 years. The total grant date fair value of RSUs vested for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025 was $70 million and $195 million, respectively.

Note 10. Net Income per Share

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.

Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average shares outstanding, including potentially dilutive shares of common equivalents outstanding during the period. The dilutive effect of potential shares of common stock is determined using the treasury stock method.

The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net income per share (in thousands, except per share data):


	Three months ended October 31,				Nine months ended October 31,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
Numerator:
Net income	$	236,203	$	185,808	$	664,702	$	518,513

Denominator:
Basic shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic	164,049		161,987		163,676		161,707
Diluted shares:
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic	164,049		161,987		163,676		161,707

Effect of potentially dilutive common shares	4,886		2,992		4,277		3,131
Weighted average common shares outstanding, diluted	168,935		164,979		167,953		164,838
Net income per share:
Basic	$	1.44	$	1.15	$	4.06	$	3.21
Diluted	$	1.40	$	1.13	$	3.96	$	3.15


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Potential common share equivalents excluded because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive are as follows (in thousands):


	Three months ended October 31,		Nine months ended October 31,
	2025	2024	2025	2024
Options and RSUs	2,626	10,234	6,738	8,621

Note 11. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

On August 13, 2025, Veeva and IQVIA entered into a settlement agreement that resolved all ongoing litigations between Veeva and IQVIA. Prior to that, IQVIA and Veeva had been involved in a series of litigations since 2017, including IQVIA Inc. v. Veeva Systems Inc. (No. 2:17-cv-00177) and IQVIA Inc. v. Veeva Systems Inc. (No. 2:19-cv-15517). Under the terms of the settlement agreement, neither party paid damages to the other party and both parties agreed to dismiss with prejudice all claims and counterclaims currently pending. Accordingly, all claims and counterclaims were dismissed.

From time to time, we may be involved in other legal proceedings and subject to claims incident to the ordinary course of business. Although the results of such legal proceedings and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe we are not currently a party to any other legal proceedings, the outcome of which, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, or financial position. Regardless of the outcome, such proceedings can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of resources, and other factors, and there can be no assurances that favorable outcomes will be obtained.

Note 12. Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. We define the term “chief operating decision maker” to be our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”). Our CEO reviews the financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating our financial performance. Accordingly, the Company operates as a single operating and reportable segment that is focused on providing industry cloud solutions tailored to the global life sciences industry.

The CEO gauges the effectiveness of investment and resourcing decisions and trends in the overall efficiency of the business over time using multiple measures of performance, including consolidated net income and adjusted operating income, which is an additional measure of our segment profitability. The measure of segment assets is reported on the consolidated balance sheets as total assets.

The following table reconciles the Company’s revenues to consolidated net income and the specific items excluded from cost of revenues and operating expenses to calculate adjusted operating income (in thousands):


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	Three months ended October 31,				Nine months ended October 31,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
Revenues	$	811,236	$	699,207	$	2,359,360	$	2,025,733

Cost of revenues - adjusted:
Cost of subscription services revenues	91,283		79,899		257,745		231,420
Cost of professional services and other revenues	90,367		78,683		259,422		240,016
Operating expenses - adjusted:
Research and development	139,092		124,368		414,465		372,725
Sales and marketing	83,433		73,937		238,102		219,038
General and administrative	42,146		38,296		122,252		117,886
Operating income - adjusted	364,915		304,024		1,067,374		844,648
Other segment items (1)	124,062		122,671		396,881		341,636
Other income, net	71,933		60,937		206,478		171,239
Income tax provision	76,583		56,482		212,269		155,738
Consolidated net income	$	236,203	$	185,808	$	664,702	$	518,513
(1) Other segment items included in consolidated net income consist primarily of stock-based compensation, amortization of purchased intangibles, and litigation settlement-related charges.

Cost of revenues - adjusted, and operating expenses - adjusted, are segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CEO and do not include stock-based compensation, amortization of purchased intangibles, and litigation settlement-related charges, as we exclude them from our internal management reporting processes. We find it useful to exclude these expenses when we assess the appropriate level of various operating expenses and resource allocations when budgeting, planning, and forecasting future periods.

Note 13. Information about Geographic Areas and Products

Information about Geographic Areas

We track and allocate revenues by principal geographic area rather than by individual country, which makes it impractical to disclose revenues for the United States or other specific foreign countries. We measure subscription services revenue primarily by the estimated location of the end users in each geographic area for our Commercial Solutions and primarily by the estimated location of usage in each geographic area for our R&D Solutions. We measure professional services revenue primarily by the location of the resources performing the professional services.

Total revenues by geographic area were as follows for the periods shown below (in thousands):


	Three months ended October 31,				Nine months ended October 31,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
Revenues by geography
North America	$	483,542	$	414,474	$	1,411,017	$	1,192,044
Europe	238,256		198,667		688,103		586,897
Asia Pacific	71,140		68,655		206,638		195,974
Middle East, Africa, and Latin America	18,298		17,411		53,602		50,818
Total revenues	$	811,236	$	699,207	$	2,359,360	$	2,025,733


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Long-lived assets by geographic area are as follows as of the periods shown below (in thousands):



	October 31, 2025		January 31, 2025
Long-lived assets by geography
North America	$	52,768	$	47,144
Europe	9,176		6,778
Asia Pacific	3,485		1,295
Middle East, Africa, and Latin America	688		695
Total long-lived assets	$	66,117	$	55,912

Revenues by Product

We group our revenues into two product areas: Commercial Solutions and R&D Solutions. Commercial Solutions revenues consist of revenues from our Veeva Commercial Cloud and Veeva Data Cloud solutions. R&D Solutions revenues consist of revenues from our Veeva Development Cloud and Veeva Quality Cloud solutions.

Total revenues consist of the following (in thousands):


	Three months ended October 31,				Nine months ended October 31,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
Subscription services
Commercial Solutions	$	317,650	$	278,377	$	930,584	$	811,503
R&D Solutions	364,848		302,473		1,045,865		864,579
Total subscription services	682,498		580,850		1,976,449		1,676,082
Professional services
Commercial Solutions	47,457		45,855		141,727		139,695
R&D Solutions	81,281		72,502		241,184		209,956
Total professional services	128,738		118,357		382,911		349,651
Total revenues	$	811,236	$	699,207	$	2,359,360	$	2,025,733


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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report. In addition to historical condensed consolidated financial information, the following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated by these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors. We discuss factors that we believe could cause or contribute to these differences below and elsewhere in this report, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” and “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”

Overview

Our industry cloud solutions are grouped into four major product categories—Veeva Development Cloud, Veeva Quality Cloud, Veeva Commercial Cloud, and Veeva Data Cloud. For financial reporting purposes, revenues associated with our Veeva Commercial Cloud and Veeva Data Cloud solutions are classified as “Commercial Solutions” revenues, and revenues associated with our Veeva Development Cloud and Veeva Quality Cloud solutions are classified as “R&D Solutions” revenues.

In our fiscal year ended January 31, 2025, we derived approximately 48% and 52% of our subscription services revenues and 47% and 53% of our total revenues from our Commercial Solutions and R&D Solutions, respectively. For the nine months ended October 31, 2025, we derived approximately 47% and 53% of our subscription services revenues and 45% and 55% of our total revenues from our Commercial Solutions and R&D Solutions, respectively. Revenues associated with our R&D Solutions are expected to increase as a percentage of both subscription services revenues and total revenues in the future. We also offer certain of our R&D Solutions to industries outside the life sciences industry primarily in North America and Europe.

For our fiscal years ended January 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, our total revenues were $2,747 million, $2,364 million, and $2,155 million, respectively, representing year-over-year growth in total revenues of 16% in our fiscal year ended January 31, 2025, and 10% in our fiscal year ended January 31, 2024. For our fiscal years ended January 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, our subscription services revenues were $2,285 million, $1,902 million, and $1,733 million, respectively, representing year-over-year growth in subscription services revenues of 20% in our fiscal year ended January 31, 2025, and 10% in our fiscal year ended January 31, 2024. We generated net income of $714 million, $526 million, and $488 million for our fiscal years ended January 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

As of January 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, we served 1,477, 1,432, and 1,388 customers, respectively. As of January 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, we had 730, 693, and 684 Commercial Solutions customers, respectively, and 1,125, 1,078, and 1,025 R&D Solutions customers, respectively. These customer count totals are net of customer attrition during each period. The combined customer counts for Commercial Solutions and R&D Solutions exceed the total customer count in each year because some customers subscribe to products in both areas. Many of our applications for R&D are used by smaller, earlier-stage, pre-commercial companies, some of which may not reach the commercialization stage.

Components of Results of Operations

Revenues

We derive our revenues primarily from subscription services fees and professional services fees. Subscription services revenues consist of fees from customers accessing our software and data solutions. Professional services and other revenues consist primarily of fees from implementation services, configuration, data services, training,


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speakers bureau logistics, and managed services related to our solutions and services related to our Veeva Business Consulting offering. For the nine months ended October 31, 2025, subscription services revenues constituted 84% of total revenues and professional services and other revenues constituted 16% of total revenues.

We generally enter into master subscription agreements with our customers and count each distinct master subscription agreement that has not been terminated or expired and that has orders for which we have recognized revenue in the quarter as a distinct customer for purposes of determining our total number of current customers as of the end of that quarter. We generally enter into a single master subscription agreement with each customer, although in some instances, affiliated legal entities within the same corporate family may enter into separate master subscription agreements. Conversely, affiliated legal entities that maintain distinct master subscription agreements may choose to consolidate their orders under a single master subscription agreement, and, in that circumstance, our customer count would decrease. Divisions, subsidiaries, and operating units of our customers often place distinct orders for our subscription services under the same master subscription agreement, and we do not count such distinct orders as new customers for purposes of determining our total customer count. For Veeva Crossix, we do not count as distinct customers agencies contracting with us on behalf of brands within life sciences companies.

New subscription orders for our CRM applications generally have a one-year term. If a customer adds end users or additional Commercial Solutions to an existing order for a CRM application, such additional orders will generally be coterminous with the anniversary date of the CRM order, and as a result, orders for additional end users or additional Commercial Solutions will commonly have an initial term of less than one year.

Subscription services revenues are recognized ratably over the respective noncancellable subscription term because of the continuous transfer of control to the customer. Our master subscription agreements governing multi-year orders generally include a termination for convenience right for our customers. The amount of revenue recognized from such orders will generally be consistent with the amount invoiced for the relevant term of the order.

Our subscription orders are generally billed at the beginning of the subscription period in annual or quarterly increments, which means the annualized value of such orders may not be completely reflected in deferred revenue at any single point in time. Also, particularly with respect to expansion orders for our Commercial Solutions, because the term of orders for additional end users or applications is commonly less than one year to align to the renewal date of existing Commercial Solutions orders, the annualized value of such orders may not be completely reflected in deferred revenue at any single point in time. We have also agreed from time to time, and may agree in the future, to allow customers to change the renewal dates of their orders to, for example, align more closely with a customer’s annual budget process or to align with the renewal dates of other orders placed by other entities within the same corporate control group, or to change payment terms from annual to quarterly, or vice versa. Such changes may result in an order of less than one year as necessary to align all orders to the desired renewal date and, thus, may result in a lesser increase to deferred revenue compared to if the adjustment had not occurred. Additionally, changes in renewal dates may change the fiscal quarter in which deferred revenue associated with a particular order is booked. Accordingly, we do not believe that changes on a quarterly or annual basis in deferred revenue, calculated billings, or normalized billings are precise indicators of future revenues. We define the term calculated billings for any period to mean revenue for the period plus the change in deferred revenue from the immediately preceding period minus the change in unbilled accounts receivable from the immediately preceding period. We define the term normalized billings for any period to mean calculated billings adjusted for the impact of (i) term changes in our customer renewals, such as changes to renewal date (for example, changing the renewal date of multiple products to be coterminous) or changes to billing frequency (for example, changing from annual to quarterly billings), and (ii) delayed renewals that have closed and billed after the period end.

Our agreements typically provide that orders will automatically renew unless notice of non-renewal is provided in advance. Subscription services revenues are affected primarily by the number of customers, the scope of the subscription purchased by each customer (for example, the number of end users or other subscription usage metric) and the number of solutions subscribed to by each customer.

We utilize our own personnel to perform our professional services and business consulting engagements with customers. In certain cases, we may utilize third-party subcontractors to perform professional services engagements. The majority of our professional services arrangements are billed on a time and materials basis and revenues are recognized over time based on time incurred and contractually agreed upon rates. Certain professional services and business consulting arrangements are billed on a fixed fee basis and revenues are typically recognized over time as the services are delivered based on time incurred. Data services and training revenues are generally recognized as the services are performed. Professional services revenues are affected


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primarily by our customers’ demands for implementation services, configuration, data services, training, speakers bureau logistics, and managed services in connection with our solutions. Our business consulting revenues are affected primarily by our customers’ demands for services related to a particular customer success initiative, strategic analysis, or business process change, and not by cloud software implementation.

Allocated Overhead

We accumulate certain costs such as office rent, utilities, and other facilities costs, information technology, and building depreciation, and allocate them across the various departments based on headcount. We refer to these costs as “allocated overhead.”

Cost of Revenues

Cost of subscription services revenues for all of our solutions consists of expenses related to our computing infrastructure provided by third parties, including Amazon Web Services and Salesforce, Inc., personnel related costs associated with hosting our subscription services and providing support, including our data stewards, data acquisition costs, and costs of delivering our data solutions, expenses associated with computer equipment and software, and allocated overhead.

Cost of professional services and other revenues consists primarily of employee-related expenses associated with providing professional and business consulting services. The cost of providing professional services is significantly higher as a percentage of the related revenues than for our subscription services due to the direct labor costs and costs of third-party subcontractors.

Operating Expenses

Research and Development. Research and development expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses, hosted infrastructure costs, and allocated overhead. We continue to focus our research and development efforts on our platforms, including adding new features and applications and increasing the functionality and enhancing the ease of use of our cloud-based applications.

Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee-related expenses, sales commissions, marketing program costs, travel-related expenses, amortization expense associated with purchased intangibles related to our customer contracts, customer relationships and brand development, and allocated overhead. Marketing program costs include advertising, customer events, corporate communications, brand awareness, and product marketing activities. Sales commissions are costs of obtaining new customer contracts and are capitalized and then amortized over a period of benefit that we have determined to be three years.

General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist of employee-related expenses for our finance and accounting, legal, employee success, management information systems personnel, and other administrative employees. In addition, general and administrative expenses include fees related to third-party legal counsel, fees related to third-party accounting, tax and audit services, other corporate expenses, and allocated overhead.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net, consists primarily of interest income, amortization of premiums paid or accretion of discounts on investments, and transaction gains or losses on foreign currency, net of hedging costs.

Provision for Income Taxes

Provision for income taxes consists of federal, state, and local income taxes in the United States and income taxes in certain foreign jurisdictions. See note 6 of the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements.


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Results of Operations

The following tables set forth selected condensed consolidated statements of operations data and such data as a percentage of total revenues for each of the periods indicated:


	Three months ended October 31,				Nine months ended October 31,
	2025		2024		2025		2024

	(in thousands)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Data:
Revenues:
Subscription services	$	682,498	$	580,850	$	1,976,449	$	1,676,082
Professional services and other	128,738		118,357		382,911		349,651
Total revenues	811,236		699,207		2,359,360		2,025,733
Cost of revenues (1):
Cost of subscription services	94,171		82,638		266,347		239,577
Cost of professional services and other	105,294		91,751		302,195		279,068
Total cost of revenues	199,465		174,389		568,542		518,645
Gross profit	611,771		524,818		1,790,818		1,507,088
Operating expenses (1):
Research and development	191,883		172,411		568,593		511,551
Sales and marketing	110,552		98,695		318,619		297,524
General and administrative	68,483		72,359		233,113		195,001
Total operating expenses	370,918		343,465		1,120,325		1,004,076
Operating income	240,853		181,353		670,493		503,012
Other income, net	71,933		60,937		206,478		171,239
Income before income taxes	312,786		242,290		876,971		674,251
Income tax provision	76,583		56,482		212,269		155,738
Net income	$	236,203	$	185,808	$	664,702	$	518,513


(1) Includes stock-based compensation as follows:
Cost of revenues:
Cost of subscription services	$	1,842	$	1,696	$	5,498	$	4,892
Cost of professional services and other	14,789		12,929		42,362		38,640
Research and development	52,791		48,014		154,128		138,741
Sales and marketing	24,509		21,214		72,222		67,928
General and administrative	26,337		34,006		80,234		71,945
Total stock-based compensation	$	120,268	$	117,859	$	354,444	$	322,146

Revenues


	Three months ended October 31,							Nine months ended October 31,
	2025			2024			% Change	2025			2024			% Change

	(dollars in thousands)
Revenues:
Subscription services	$	682,498		$	580,850		17%	$	1,976,449		$	1,676,082		18%
Professional services and other	128,738			118,357			9%	382,911			349,651			10%
Total revenues	$	811,236		$	699,207		16%	$	2,359,360		$	2,025,733		16%
Percentage of revenues:
Subscription services	84		%	83		%		84		%	83		%
Professional services and other	16			17				16			17
Total revenues	100		%	100		%		100		%	100		%

Total revenues for the three months ended October 31, 2025 increased $112 million, of which $102 million was from growth in subscription services revenue.


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The increase in subscription services revenues consisted of $63 million attributable to R&D Solutions and $39 million attributable to Commercial Solutions. The increase in subscription services revenue attributable to R&D Solutions was primarily driven by the expanding use by existing customers of our Veeva Development Cloud and Veeva Quality Cloud products and, to a lesser extent, due to higher prices in connection with our annual inflation adjustment for Veeva Development Cloud products. The increase in subscription services revenue attributable to Commercial Solutions was primarily driven by the expanding use by existing customers of our Veeva Commercial Cloud and Veeva Data Cloud products and, to a lesser extent, due to higher prices in connection with our annual inflation adjustment for Veeva Commercial Cloud products. The geographic mix of subscription services revenues was 60% from North America, 28% from Europe, and 12% from other locations, primarily Asia Pacific, for the three months ended October 31, 2025, as compared to 59% from North America, 28% from Europe, and 13% from other locations, primarily Asia Pacific, for the three months ended October 31, 2024.

Professional services and other revenues for the three months ended October 31, 2025 increased $10 million. The increase was primarily due to an increase in implementation and business consulting services. The geographic mix of professional services and other revenues was 58% from North America, 36% from Europe, and 6% from other locations, primarily Asia Pacific, for the three months ended October 31, 2025, as compared to 62% from North America, 31% from Europe, and 7% from other locations, primarily Asia Pacific, for the three months ended October 31, 2024.

Total revenues for the nine months ended October 31, 2025 increased $334 million, of which $300 million was from growth in subscription services revenue.

The increase in subscription services revenues consisted of $181 million attributable to R&D Solutions and $119 million attributable to Commercial Solutions. The increase in subscription services revenue attributable to R&D Solutions was primarily driven by the expanding use by existing customers of our Veeva Development Cloud and Veeva Quality Cloud products and, to a lesser extent, due to higher prices in connection with our annual inflation adjustment for Veeva Development Cloud products. The increase in subscription services revenue attributable to Commercial Solutions was primarily driven by the expanding use by existing customers of our Veeva Commercial Cloud and Veeva Data Cloud products and, to a lesser extent, due to higher prices in connection with our annual inflation adjustment for Veeva Commercial Cloud products. The geographic mix of subscription services revenues was 60% from North America, 28% from Europe, and 12% from other locations, primarily Asia Pacific, for the nine months ended October 31, 2025, as compared to 59% from North America, 28% from Europe, and 13% from other locations, primarily Asia Pacific, for the nine months ended October 31, 2024.

Professional services and other revenues for the nine months ended October 31, 2025 increased $33 million. The increase was primarily due to an increase in implementation services and business consulting. The geographic mix of professional services and other revenues was 59% from North America, 35% from Europe, and 6% from other locations, primarily Asia Pacific, for the nine months ended October 31, 2025, as compared to 60% from North America, 34% from Europe, and 6% from other locations, primarily Asia Pacific, for the nine months ended October 31, 2024.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Margin


	Three months ended October 31,							Nine months ended October 31,
	2025			2024			% Change	2025			2024			% Change

	(dollars in thousands)
Cost of revenues:
Cost of subscription services	$	94,171		$	82,638		14%	$	266,347		$	239,577		11%
Cost of professional services and other	105,294			91,751			15%	302,195			279,068			8%
Total cost of revenues	$	199,465		$	174,389		14%	$	568,542		$	518,645		10%
Gross margin percentage:
Subscription services	86		%	86		%		87		%	86		%
Professional services and other	18		%	22		%		21		%	20		%
Total gross margin percentage	75		%	75		%		76		%	74		%
Gross profit	$	611,771		$	524,818		17%	$	1,790,818		$	1,507,088		19%

Cost of revenues for the three months ended October 31, 2025 increased $25 million, comprised of a $11 million increase in cost of subscription services and a $14 million increase in cost of professional services and other. The


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increase in cost of subscription services was primarily related to computing infrastructure and data costs. The increase in computing infrastructure costs was driven by an increase in both the number of end users and the volume of activity by end users of our subscription services. The increase in data costs is related to our continued investment in our data solutions. The $14 million increase in cost of professional services and other was primarily related to employee compensation-related costs, which was driven by increases in salaries and benefits, as well as headcount.

Cost of revenues for the nine months ended October 31, 2025 increased $50 million, comprised of a $27 million increase in cost of subscription services and a $23 million increase in cost of professional services and other. The increase in cost of subscription services was primarily due to an increase of $23 million related to computing infrastructure and data costs. The increase in computing infrastructure costs was driven by an increase in both the number of end users and the volume of activity by end users of our subscription services. The increase in data costs is related to our continued investment in our data solutions. The $23 million increase in cost of professional services and other was primarily related to employee compensation-related costs, which was driven by increases in salaries and benefits, as well as headcount.

Gross margin for professional services and other was 18% and 22% for the three months ended October 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The decrease compared to the prior period is primarily due to expansion of headcount to support our existing and future demand for implementation and business consulting services.

We expect cost of subscription services to increase in absolute dollars in the future due to increased usage of our subscription services and continued investment in our data solutions. We expect cost of professional services and other to increase in absolute dollars in the future as we continue to invest in our services organization.

Operating Expenses and Operating Margin

Operating expenses include research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative expenses. We expect operating expenses to increase in the future, primarily due to employee compensation-related costs.

Research and Development


	Three months ended October 31,							Nine months ended October 31,
	2025			2024			% Change	2025			2024			% Change

	(dollars in thousands)
Research and development	$	191,883		$	172,411		11%	$	568,593		$	511,551		11%
Percentage of total revenues	24		%	25		%		24		%	25		%

Research and development expenses for the three months ended October 31, 2025 increased $19 million, primarily due to an increase of $15 million in employee compensation-related costs, which was driven by increases in salaries and benefits, as well as headcount. The expansion of our headcount in research and development was to support development work for the products that we offer or may offer in the future.

Research and development expenses for the nine months ended October 31, 2025 increased $57 million, primarily due to an increase of $50 million in employee compensation-related costs, which was driven by increases in salaries and benefits, as well as headcount. The expansion of our headcount in research and development was to support development work for the products that we offer or may offer in the future.

We expect research and development expenses to increase in the future, primarily due to employee compensation-related costs and hosting fees as we continue to invest in our product offerings.


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Sales and Marketing


	Three months ended October 31,							Nine months ended October 31,
	2025			2024			% Change	2025			2024			% Change

	(dollars in thousands)
Sales and marketing	$	110,552		$	98,695		12%	$	318,619		$	297,524		7%
Percentage of total revenues	14		%	14		%		14		%	15		%

Sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended October 31, 2025 increased $12 million, primarily due to an increase of $9 million in employee compensation-related costs, which was driven by increases in salaries and benefits, as well as headcount. The expansion of our headcount was to support our sales and marketing efforts associated with our product offerings.

Sales and marketing expenses for the nine months ended October 31, 2025 increased $21 million, primarily due to an increase of $18 million in employee compensation-related costs, which was driven by increases in salaries and benefits, as well as headcount. The expansion of our headcount was to support our sales and marketing efforts associated with our product offerings.

We expect sales and marketing expenses to increase in the future, primarily due to employee compensation-related costs and the increase in marketing program costs related to events.

General and Administrative


	Three months ended October 31,							Nine months ended October 31,
	2025			2024			% Change	2025			2024			% Change

	(dollars in thousands)
General and administrative	$	68,483		$	72,359		(5)%	$	233,113		$	195,001		20%
Percentage of total revenues	8		%	10		%		10		%	10		%

General and administrative expenses for the three months ended October 31, 2025 decreased $4 million, primarily due to the 2018 equity grant to our Chief Executive Officer that was fully recognized in the prior year.

General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended October 31, 2025 increased $38 million, primarily due to a net increase of $26 million in litigation settlement-related charges and $10 million in employee compensation-related costs. The increase in employee compensation-related costs was primarily driven by stock-based compensation related to the equity grant to our Chief Executive Officer in the quarter ended July 31, 2024.

Other Income, Net


	Three months ended October 31,					Nine months ended October 31,
	2025		2024		% Change	2025		2024		% Change

	(dollars in thousands)
Other income, net	$	71,933	$	60,937	18%	$	206,478	$	171,239	21%

Other income, net, for the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025 increased $11 million and $35 million, respectively, primarily due to an increase in interest income from higher investment asset and cash balances.

Provision for Income Taxes


	Three months ended October 31,							Nine months ended October 31,
	2025			2024			% Change	2025			2024			% Change

	(dollars in thousands)
Income before income taxes	$	312,786		$	242,290		29%	$	876,971		$	674,251		30%
Income tax provision	$	76,583		$	56,482		36%	$	212,269		$	155,738		36%
Effective tax rate	24.5		%	23.3		%		24.2		%	23.1		%


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The provision for income taxes differs from the tax computed at the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate primarily due to state taxes, tax credits, equity compensation, and foreign-derived intangible income (“FDII”) deduction. Future tax rates could be affected by changes in tax laws and regulations or by rulings in tax related litigation, as may be applicable.

During the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025, as compared to the same periods in the prior fiscal year, our effective tax rate increased primarily due to the indirect effects of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”), offset by increased excess tax benefits related to equity compensation. In addition, the OBBBA restored the immediate expensing of certain domestic R&D expenditures and included an election to accelerate the unamortized capitalized R&D over a two-year period, which decreased our taxable income resulting in a decrease in our FDII benefit.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In our public disclosures, we have provided non-GAAP measures, which we define as financial information that has not been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or GAAP. In addition to our GAAP measures, we use these non-GAAP financial measures internally for budgeting and resource allocation purposes and in analyzing our financial results.

For the reasons set forth below, we believe that excluding the following items provides information that is helpful in understanding our operating results, evaluating our future prospects, comparing our financial results across accounting periods, and comparing our financial results to our peers, many of which provide similar non-GAAP financial measures.

•Excess tax benefits. Excess tax benefits from employee stock plans are dependent on previously agreed-upon equity grants to our employees, vesting of those grants, stock price, and exercise behavior of our employees, which can fluctuate from quarter to quarter. Because these fluctuations are not directly related to our business operations, we exclude excess tax benefits for our internal management reporting processes. Our management also finds it useful to exclude excess tax benefits when assessing the level of cash provided by operating activities. Given the nature of the excess tax benefits, we believe excluding it allows investors to make meaningful comparisons between our operating cash flows from quarter to quarter and those of other companies.

•Stock-based compensation expenses. We exclude stock-based compensation expenses primarily because they are non-cash expenses that we exclude from our internal management reporting processes. We also find it useful to exclude these expenses when we assess the appropriate level of various operating expenses and resource allocations when budgeting, planning, and forecasting future periods. Moreover, because of varying available valuation methodologies, subjective assumptions and the variety of award types that companies can use, we believe excluding stock-based compensation expenses allows investors to make meaningful comparisons between our recurring core business operating results and those of other companies.

•Amortization of purchased intangibles. We incur amortization expense for purchased intangible assets in connection with acquisitions of certain businesses and technologies. Amortization of intangible assets is a non-cash expense and is inconsistent in amount and frequency because it is significantly affected by the timing, size of acquisitions, and the inherent subjective nature of purchase price allocations. Because these costs have already been incurred and cannot be recovered, and are non-cash expenses, we exclude these expenses for internal management reporting processes. We also find it useful to exclude these charges when assessing the appropriate level of various operating expenses and resource allocations when budgeting, planning, and forecasting future periods. Investors should note that the use of intangible assets contributed to our revenues earned during the periods presented and will contribute to our future period revenues as well.

•Litigation settlement-related charges. We exclude certain costs related to litigation settlements, including outcome-based payments to the law firms that represented us, because they are non-recurring and outside the ordinary course of business. Because these costs are unrelated to our day-to-day business operations, we believe excluding them enables more consistent evaluation of our operating results.

•Income tax effects on the difference between GAAP and non-GAAP costs and expenses. The income tax effects that are excluded relate to the imputed tax impact on the difference between GAAP and non-


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GAAP costs and expenses due to stock-based compensation and purchased intangibles for GAAP and non-GAAP measures.

Limitations on the Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

There are limitations to using non-GAAP financial measures because non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP and may be different from non-GAAP financial measures provided by other companies.

The non-GAAP financial measures are limited in value because they exclude certain items that may have a material impact upon our reported financial results. In addition, they are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgment by management about which items are adjusted to calculate our non-GAAP financial measures. We compensate for these limitations by analyzing current and future results on a GAAP basis as well as a non-GAAP basis and also by providing GAAP measures in our public disclosures.

Non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered in isolation from, or as a substitute for, financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. We encourage investors and others to review our financial information in its entirety, not to rely on any single financial measure to evaluate our business, and to view our non-GAAP financial measures in conjunction with the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures.

The following table reconciles the specific items excluded from GAAP metrics in the calculation of non-GAAP metrics for the periods shown below:


	Three months ended October 31,				Nine months ended October 31,
	2025		2024		2025		2024

	(in thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities on a GAAP basis	$	192,787	$	164,117	$	1,308,378	$	1,020,507
Excess tax benefits from employee stock plans	(7,692)		(898)		(23,302)		(5,160)
Net cash provided by operating activities on a non-GAAP basis	$	185,095	$	163,219	$	1,285,076	$	1,015,347
Net cash used in investing activities on a GAAP basis	$	(495,233)	$	(298,226)	$	(936,612)	$	(684,446)
Net cash provided by financing activities on a GAAP basis	$	32,646	$	12,960	$	168,715	$	5,304

Operating income on a GAAP basis	$	240,853	$	181,353	$	670,493	$	503,012
Stock-based compensation expense	120,268		117,859		354,444		322,146
Amortization of purchased intangibles	3,794		4,812		11,810		14,490
Litigation settlement-related charges	—		—		30,627		5,000
Operating income on a non-GAAP basis	$	364,915	$	304,024	$	1,067,374	$	844,648
Net income on a GAAP basis	$	236,203	$	185,808	$	664,702	$	518,513
Stock-based compensation expense	120,268		117,859		354,444		322,146
Amortization of purchased intangibles	3,794		4,812		11,810		14,490
Litigation settlement-related charges	—		—		30,627		5,000
Income tax effect on non-GAAP adjustments (1)	(15,155)		(20,160)		(55,240)		(57,598)
Net income on a non-GAAP basis	$	345,110	$	288,319	$	1,006,343	$	802,551
Diluted net income per share on a GAAP basis	$	1.40	$	1.13	$	3.96	$	3.15
Stock-based compensation expense	0.71		0.71		2.11		1.95
Amortization of purchased intangibles	0.02		0.03		0.07		0.09
Litigation settlement-related charges	—		—		0.18		0.03
Income tax effect on non-GAAP adjustments (1)	(0.09)		(0.12)		(0.33)		(0.35)
Diluted net income per share on a non-GAAP basis	$	2.04	$	1.75	$	5.99	$	4.87
(1) For the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025 and 2024, we used an estimated annual effective non-GAAP tax rate of 21%.


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Liquidity and Capital Resources


	Nine months ended October 31,
		2025		2024

		(in thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities		$	1,308,378	$	1,020,507
Net cash used in investing activities		(936,612)		(684,446)
Net cash provided by financing activities		168,715		5,304
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		871		(1,346)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		$	541,352	$	340,019

Our principal sources of liquidity continue to be comprised of our existing cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments. As of October 31, 2025, our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments totaled $6.6 billion, of which $74 million represented cash and cash equivalents held outside of the United States.

Our primary use of cash is payment of our operating costs, which consist primarily of employee-related expenses, such as compensation and benefits, investments in our information technology infrastructure, and general operating expenses for marketing, facilities, and overhead costs. Long-term cash requirements for items other than normal operating expenses could include the following: the acquisition of businesses, or technologies complementary to our business, and capital expenditures.

Our non-U.S. cash and cash equivalents are not considered indefinitely reinvested outside the United States, except in certain designated jurisdictions. As of October 31, 2025, we have not recorded any taxes, such as withholding taxes, associated with the foreign earnings that are indefinitely reinvested outside of the United States. Under currently enacted tax laws, if we were to choose to repatriate the funds we have designated as indefinitely reinvested outside the United States, such amounts may be subject to certain jurisdictional taxes (e.g., withholding taxes).

We have financed our operations primarily through cash generated from operations. We believe our existing cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure needs over at least the next 12 months. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors including our growth rate, subscription renewal activity, the timing and extent of spending to support product development efforts, the expansion of sales and marketing activities, the ongoing investments in technology infrastructure, the introduction of new and enhanced solutions, and the continuing market acceptance of our solutions. We may in the future enter into arrangements to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, services and technologies, and intellectual property rights. We may be required to seek additional equity or debt financing for those arrangements or for other reasons.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Our largest source of operating cash inflows is cash collections from our customers for subscription services. We also generate significant cash flows from our professional services arrangements. The first quarter of our fiscal year is seasonally the strongest quarter for cash inflows due to the collections from our annual subscription billings. As a result, we expect cash flows from operating activities to be substantially less in each of the subsequent quarters of the fiscal year. Our primary uses of cash from operating activities are for employee-related expenditures, expenses related to our computing infrastructure (including Amazon Web Services and Salesforce, Inc.), building infrastructure costs (including leases for office space), and fees for third-party legal counsel and accounting services.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $1,308 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2025 compared to $1,021 million provided by operating activities for the nine months ended October 31, 2024. The increase in cash provided by operating activities was primarily due to increased sales and the related cash collections and the impact of the OBBBA, partially offset by increased expenses.

The OBBBA restored the option to deduct certain domestic research and development expenditures, which were previously required to be capitalized and amortized over five years under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. Additionally, the OBBBA provides for an election to accelerate the deduction of unamortized capitalized domestic research and development expenditures from fiscal years ended January 31, 2023 to January 31, 2025. As a result


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of OBBBA, our cash flows from operating activities are expected to increase for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2026. The OBBBA is expected to increase our cash flows from operating activities in future periods, the amounts of which we are unable to estimate at this time.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Investing activities primarily relate to cash used for the purchase of marketable securities, net of maturities, as well as capital expenditures.

Net cash used in investing activities was $937 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2025 compared to $684 million used in investing activities for the nine months ended October 31, 2024. The increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily due to the increase in purchases of short-term investments.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

The cash flows from financing activities relate primarily to stock option exercises offset by taxes paid on behalf of employees related to the net share settlement of restricted stock units (“RSUs”).

Net cash provided by financing activities was $169 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2025 compared to $5 million provided by financing activities for the nine months ended October 31, 2024. The increase in cash provided by financing activities was primarily due to an increase in proceeds from employee stock option exercises.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). In the preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs, and expenses and related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions. Our actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

There have been no material changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the nine months ended October 31, 2025 as compared to those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2025.


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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Foreign currency exchange risk

Our results of operations and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly changes in the Euro, Japanese Yen, Canadian Dollar, Great British Pound Sterling, and Chinese Yuan, and may be adversely affected in the future due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. For the nine months ended October 31, 2025, about 83% of our revenues and about 81% of our expenses were denominated in USD.

We have also experienced and will continue to experience foreign currency fluctuations due to the periodic re-measurement of monetary account balances that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entities in which they are recorded and such fluctuations can impact our net income. We engage in the hedging of our foreign currency transactions as described in note 5 of the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements and may, in the future, hedge selected significant transactions or net monetary exposure positions denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Realized and unrealized foreign currency gains and losses were immaterial for both the three and nine months ended October 31, 2025 and 2024.

Interest rate sensitivity

We had cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments totaling $6.6 billion as of October 31, 2025. This amount was held primarily in demand deposit accounts, money market funds, corporate notes and bonds, U.S. treasury securities, and asset-backed securities. The cash and cash equivalents are held for working capital purposes and other operational activities. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes.

Our cash equivalents and our portfolio of marketable securities are subject to market risk due to changes in interest rates, which could affect our results of operations. Fixed rate securities may have their market value adversely affected due to a rise in interest rates, while floating rate securities may produce less income than expected if interest rates fall. Due in part to these factors, our future investment income may fluctuate due to changes in interest rates or we may suffer losses in principal if we are forced to sell securities that decline in market value due to changes in interest rates. However, because we classify our marketable securities as “available for sale,” no gains or losses are recognized due to changes in interest rates unless such securities are sold prior to maturity or declines in fair value are determined to be other-than-temporary. Our fixed-income portfolio is subject to interest rate risk.

An immediate increase of 100-basis points in interest rates would have resulted in a $80 million market value reduction in our investment portfolio as of October 31, 2025. An immediate decrease of 100-basis points in interest rates would have increased the market value by $82 million as of October 31, 2025. This estimate is based on a sensitivity model that measures market value changes when changes in interest rates occur. Fluctuations in the value of our investment securities caused by a change in interest rates (gains or losses on the carrying value) are recorded in other comprehensive income, and are realized only if we sell the underlying securities.


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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of October 31, 2025. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based on our management’s evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of October 31, 2025, our disclosure controls and procedures were designed at a reasonable assurance level and were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, do not expect that our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been or would be detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.


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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

From time to time, we may be involved in legal proceedings and subject to claims incident to the ordinary course of business. For information regarding certain legal proceedings, see note 11 of the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Although the results of legal proceedings and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe we are not currently a party to any legal proceedings, the outcome of which, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, or financial position. Regardless of the outcome, such proceedings can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of resources and other factors, and there can be no assurances that favorable outcomes will be obtained.


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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below and in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” together with all of the other information in this report, including our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes, before investing in our common stock. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects could be materially and adversely affected. In that event, the price of our common stock could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment.

Summary of Risk Factors

The below is a summary of principal risks to our business and risks associated with ownership of our stock. It is only a summary. You should read the more detailed discussion of risks set forth below and elsewhere in this report for a more complete discussion of the risks listed below and other risks.

•If our security measures are breached or unauthorized access to customer data is otherwise obtained, our solutions may be perceived as not being secure, customers may reduce or stop the use of our solutions, and we may incur significant liabilities.

•The markets in which we participate are highly competitive, and if we do not compete effectively, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.

•Defects or disruptions in our solutions could result in diminished demand for our solutions and a reduction in our revenues, and subject us to substantial liability.

•The migration of our customers to our Vault CRM applications built on our own Veeva Vault platform could cause business disruptions for customers, lead to the loss of our customers to competitors, and adversely affect our operating results.

•If our newer solutions are not successfully adopted by new and existing customers, the growth rate of our revenues and operating results will be adversely affected.

•Our revenues are relatively concentrated within a small number of key customers, and the loss of one or more of such key customers could cause our revenues to decline.

•Nearly all of our revenues are generated by sales to customers in the life sciences industry, and factors that adversely affect this industry (including government funding and staffing of relevant agencies and research, drug pricing regulation, healthcare funding and eligibility reforms, or other regulatory or policy changes) could also adversely affect us.

•Uncertain macroeconomic and geopolitical factors, including as a result of changes in trade policies and practices (including the imposition of tariffs), worldwide inflationary pressures, currency exchange fluctuations, changes in interest rates or other economic policies, geopolitical conflicts (like the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the regional conflict in the Middle East), and concerns about a possible domestic or global recession, may cause instability in the global economy, and disruptions within the life sciences industry that may negatively impact our business, our financial results, and our stock price.

•Over the longer term our revenue growth rates are likely to fluctuate from year to year and may decline, and, as our costs increase, we may not be able to sustain the same level of profitability we have achieved in the past.

•Difficulty attracting and retaining highly skilled employees could adversely affect our business and efforts to attract and retain such employees may increase our expenses.

•We rely on third-party providers for computing infrastructure, secure network connectivity, and other technology-related services needed to deliver our cloud solutions, and any slowdown, failure, or disruption in the services provided by them could adversely affect our business and subject us to liability.

•Changing laws, regulations, and enforcement priorities, including increasingly complex U.S. and international data privacy and information security regulations and measures specific to the life sciences industry, may impose additional costs for compliance, reduce demand for our solutions, and subject us to significant liabilities.


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•We have been and may in the future be sued for infringement or misappropriation of third-party intellectual property. We may suffer damages, which could be significant, or other harm from these lawsuits.

•We may acquire other companies or technologies, which could divert our management’s attention, result in additional dilution to our stockholders, and otherwise disrupt our operations and adversely affect our operating results.

Risks Related to Our Business

If our security measures are breached or compromised or unauthorized access to customer data is otherwise obtained, our solutions may be perceived as not being secure, customers may reduce or stop their use of our solutions, and we may incur significant liabilities.

Our solutions involve the storage, transmission, and other processing of our customers’ proprietary information (including personal or identifying information regarding their employees and the medical professionals whom their sales personnel contact, and sensitive proprietary data related to the clinical trial, regulatory submission, and sales and marketing processes for medical treatments), personal information of medical professionals, personal information (which may include personal health information) of patients and clinical trial participants, and other sensitive information. For example, Veeva Crossix and Veeva Compass process third-party health and non-health data for U.S. patients. Additionally, we maintain and process other confidential, proprietary, and sensitive business information, including personal information relating to our employees and contractors and confidential information relating to our solutions and business.

Unauthorized access or other security breaches or incidents, as a result of third-party action (e.g., cyberattacks, or the introduction into our networks or systems of ransomware or other malware), employee or contractor error or malfeasance, product defect, or otherwise, have resulted in and could in the future result in the loss of information or intellectual property, inappropriate access to or use, disclosure, unavailability, modification, destruction, or other processing of information, service interruption, degradation, disruption, and outages, service level credits, claims, demands, litigation, regulatory investigations and other proceedings, indemnity obligations, damage to our reputation, and other liability. It is possible that our risk of cyberattacks and other sources of security breaches and incidents may be elevated as a result of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the regional conflict in the Middle East, or other geopolitical tensions or conflicts, due to an increase in cyberattack attempts on us, our customers, our partners, or our technology infrastructure providers.

While we maintain and continue to improve our security measures, we may be unable to adequately anticipate security threats or to implement adequate preventative measures, in part, because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or sabotage systems change frequently and are becoming increasingly sophisticated and complex, and generally are not identified until they are launched against a target. For instance, as artificial intelligence (“AI”) technologies, including generative AI models, develop rapidly, threat actors are using these technologies to create sophisticated new attack methods that are increasingly automated, targeted, coordinated, and difficult to defend against. Moreover, our efforts to detect, prevent, and remediate known or unknown security vulnerabilities, including those arising from third-party hardware or software in our supply chain, may be insufficient to prevent security breaches or incidents resulting from such vulnerabilities, and may result in additional direct or indirect costs and liabilities and time of management and technical personnel. We may be required to expend significant capital and financial resources to protect against the foregoing threats and to alleviate problems caused by actual or perceived security breaches or incidents. Additionally, we and our service providers may face difficulties or delays in identifying, remediating, and otherwise responding to any cybersecurity attack or other security breach or incident.

Any or all of these circumstances or issues, or the perception that any of them have occurred or are present (including any actual or perceived cyberattacks or other security breaches or incidents), could adversely affect our ability to attract new customers, cause existing customers to elect not to renew their subscriptions, result in reputational damage and harm to our market position, or subject us to third-party claims, demands, and lawsuits, regulatory investigations, proceedings, fines, and penalties, mandatory notifications and disclosures, or other action or liability, which could adversely affect our operating results and financial condition. Our insurance may not be adequate to cover losses associated with such events, and such insurance may not cover all of the types of costs, expenses, and losses we could incur to respond to and remediate a security breach or incident.


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The markets in which we participate are highly competitive, and if we do not compete effectively, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.

The markets for our solutions are highly competitive. In new sales cycles within our largest product categories, we generally compete with other cloud-based solutions from providers that make applications geared toward the life sciences industry. Our CRM solutions primarily compete with Salesforce, which has developed a life sciences industry-specific CRM application. IQVIA, which historically offered a competitive CRM solution, has licensed its CRM software to Salesforce and intends to jointly market a CRM solution for life sciences with Salesforce. Our Veeva Data Cloud products as well as Veeva Crossix, compete with IQVIA, Ipsos Group S.A., Definitive Health Corp., and smaller data and data analytics providers. IQVIA, Dassault Systèmes, OpenText Corporation, Oracle Corporation, Honeywell International Inc., and other smaller application providers offer applications that compete with certain of our Veeva Development Cloud or Veeva Quality Cloud applications. Our Veeva Commercial Cloud, Veeva Development Cloud, and Veeva Quality Cloud applications also compete to replace client server-based legacy solutions offered by companies such as Oracle, Microsoft Corporation, and other smaller application providers. Our customers may also choose to use cloud-based applications or platforms that are not life sciences specific—such as Salesforce, Box.com, Amazon Web Services, or Microsoft—for certain of the functions our applications provide. Our business consulting and professional services offerings compete with a range of professional services firms, which include, at times, some of our partners. With the introduction of new technologies, we expect competition to intensify in the future, and we may face competition from new market entrants as well.

As we transition from our legacy Veeva CRM application to our Vault CRM application, as discussed in more detail below, certain customers have chosen, and other customers may in the future choose, to purchase CRM solutions from a competitor. For example, Salesforce, our primary CRM competitor, has announced that certain large Veeva CRM customers have committed to purchasing its CRM solutions.

Some of our actual and potential competitors have advantages over us, such as longer operating histories, significantly greater financial, technical, marketing or other resources, stronger brand and business recognition, larger intellectual property portfolios, and agreements with a broader set of system integrators and other partners. In addition, our competitors have offered price concessions, delayed payment terms, or other more favorable terms and conditions in light of the recent macroeconomic environment.

If our competitors’ products, services, or technologies become more accepted than our solutions, if they are successful in bringing their products or services to market earlier than we are, if their products or services are more technologically capable than ours (including as a result of new or better use of evolving AI technologies), or if customers replace our solutions with custom-built software, then our revenues could be adversely affected. Moreover, if we enter new markets, we will likely face competition and will need to adapt to competitive factors that may be different from those we face today. Pricing pressures and increased competition could result in reduced sales, reduced margins, losses, or a failure to maintain or improve our competitive market position, any of which could adversely affect our business. For all of these reasons, we may not be able to compete favorably against our current and future competitors.

Defects or disruptions in our solutions could result in diminished demand for our solutions, a reduction in our revenues, and subject us to substantial liability.

We have from time to time found defects in our solutions, and new defects may be detected in the future. In addition, we have experienced, and may in the future experience, service disruptions, degradations, outages, and other performance problems. These types of problems may be caused by a variety of factors, including human or software errors, viruses, cyberattacks, fraud, spikes in customer usage, problems associated with our third-party computing infrastructure and network providers, infrastructure changes, and denial of service issues. Service disruptions may result from errors we make in delivering, configuring, or hosting our solutions, or designing, installing, expanding, or maintaining our computing infrastructure. In some instances, we may not be able to identify the cause or causes of these performance problems within an acceptable period of time. It is also possible that such problems could result in losses of customer data.

Since our customers use our solutions for important aspects of their businesses, any errors, defects, disruptions, service degradations, or other performance problems with our solutions, could hurt our reputation and may damage our customers’ businesses. Such issues have in the past, and may in the future, result in increased operational costs, delays in delivering new products, our customers delaying or withholding payment to us, cancelling their agreements with us, electing not to renew, or making service credit claims, warranty claims, or other claims against us, and loss of future sales. The occurrence of any of these events could result in diminishing demand for our solutions, a reduction of our revenues, an increase in our bad debt expense or in collection cycles for accounts receivable, or could require us to incur the expense of litigation or substantial liability.


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The migration of our CRM customers to our Vault CRM applications built on our own Veeva Vault platform could cause business disruptions for customers, lead to the loss of our customers to competitors, and adversely affect our operating results.

We currently depend on the Salesforce platform to deliver our Veeva CRM application, but we have begun to migrate our CRM customers to our Vault CRM solutions, which are built on our Veeva Vault platform. Veeva CRM will be supported until September 1, 2030. The migration of our Veeva CRM customers will require time and expense, which may be significant. These migration processes are complex and we cannot be certain that we will be successful. Further, certain customers have decided, and other customers may in the future decide, not to migrate to Vault CRM and use a different CRM solution, including a CRM solution provided by Salesforce. Additionally, the migration may lead to outages or performance problems with Vault CRM or other Vault applications if we encounter difficulties supporting the increased volume of users migrating from Veeva CRM. Any disruptions in our services or other migration-related problems, whether or not such incidents are our fault, could subject us to liability or harm our reputation. If we are unsuccessful migrating our Veeva CRM customers to Vault CRM, encounter disruptions or other problems in the migration process, or our customers do not migrate to the Vault CRM in a timely manner, or at all, our business, operating results, and brand could be materially and adversely affected.

If our newer solutions are not successfully adopted by new and existing customers, the growth rate of our revenues and operating results will be adversely affected.

Our continued growth and profitability will depend on our ability to successfully develop and sell new solutions. It is uncertain whether these newer solutions will continue to grow as a percentage of revenues at a pace significant enough to support our expected overall growth. For example, as discussed in more detail below, we have begun to migrate our Veeva CRM customers to Vault CRM. We cannot be certain that we will be successful with respect to newer solutions, including AI technologies, and markets. It may take us significant time, and we may incur significant expense, to effectively market and sell these solutions, develop other new solutions, or make enhancements to our existing solutions. If our newer solutions do not continue to gain traction in the market, or other solutions that we may develop and introduce in the future do not achieve market acceptance in a timely manner, the growth rate of our revenues and operating results will be adversely affected.

Our revenues are relatively concentrated within a small number of key customers, and the loss of one or more of such key customers, or their failure to renew or expand user subscriptions, could slow the growth rate of our revenues or cause our revenues to decline.

In our fiscal years ended January 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, our top 10 customers accounted for 28%, 28%, and 29% of our total revenues, respectively. We rely on our reputation and recommendations from key customers in order to promote our solutions to potential customers, which we call “reference selling.” The loss of any of our key customers, or a failure of one or more of them to renew or expand user subscriptions for some or all our products, could have a significant impact on the growth rate of our revenues, our reputation, and our ability to obtain new customers. In the event of an acquisition of one of our customers or a business combination between two of our customers, we have in the past and may in the future suffer reductions in user subscriptions or nonrenewal of certain or all of their subscription orders. We are also likely to face increasing purchasing scrutiny at the renewal of large customer subscription orders, which may result in reductions in user subscriptions or increased pricing pressure. The business impact of any of these negative events could be particularly pronounced with respect to our largest customers.

Our sales cycles can be long and unpredictable, and our sales efforts require considerable investment of resources. If our sales cycle lengthens or we invest substantial resources pursuing unsuccessful sales opportunities, our operating results and growth would be harmed.

Our sales process entails planning discussions with prospective customers, analyzing their existing solutions, and identifying how these potential customers could use and benefit from our solutions. The sales cycle for a new customer, from the time of prospect qualification to the completion of the first sale, may span 12 months or longer. Sales cycles for our newer applications or in newer markets or industries are also lengthy and difficult to predict. We spend substantial time, effort, and expense in our sales efforts without any assurance that our efforts will result in the sale of our solutions. In addition, our sales cycle can vary substantially from customer to customer because of various factors, including the discretionary nature of potential customers’ purchasing and budget decisions, the macroeconomic and regulatory environments, the availability of funding in the life sciences industry, the announcement or planned introduction of new solutions by us or our competitors, and the purchasing approval


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processes of potential customers. For example, we have recently experienced increased scrutiny for certain potential projects, particularly for our professional services offerings, which may continue for the foreseeable future. If our sales cycle lengthens or we invest substantial resources pursuing unsuccessful sales opportunities, our operating results and growth would be harmed.

Sales to customers outside the United States or with international operations expose us to risks inherent in international sales.

In our fiscal year ended January 31, 2025, customers outside North America accounted for approximately 41% of our total revenues. A key element of our growth strategy is to further expand our international operations and worldwide customer base. Operating in international markets requires significant resources and management attention and subjects us to regulatory, economic, and political risks that are different from those in the United States. We have limited operating experience in some international markets, and we cannot assure you that our expansion efforts into additional international markets will be successful. Our experience in the United States and other international markets in which we already have a presence may not be relevant to our ability to expand in other markets. Our efforts may not be successful in creating further demand for our solutions outside of the United States or in effectively selling our solutions in the international markets we enter.

The risks we face in doing business internationally that have in the past adversely affected, and could in the future adversely affect, our business include:

•the need and expense to localize and adapt our solutions for specific countries, including translation into foreign languages, and ensuring that our solutions enable our customers to comply with local laws and regulations;

•data privacy and data sovereignty laws which require that customer data be stored and processed in a designated territory;

•difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations;

•different pricing environments, longer sales cycles and longer accounts receivable payment cycles, and collections issues;

•new and different sources of competition;

•weaker protection for intellectual property and other legal rights than in the United States and practical difficulties in enforcing intellectual property and other rights outside of the United States;

•laws and business practices favoring local competitors;

•compliance challenges related to the complexity of multiple, conflicting and changing governmental laws and regulations, including those related to employment, tax, privacy and data protection, anti-bribery, and environmental, social and governance matters;

•increased financial accounting and reporting burdens and complexities;

•difficulties in repatriating funds without adverse tax consequences or restrictions on the transfer of funds more generally, including as a result of sanctions, including those arising from the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which may limit our ability to receive payment from Russian banks;

•adverse tax consequences, including the potential for required withholding taxes;

•fluctuations in the exchange rates of foreign currency in which our foreign revenues or expenses may be denominated;

•changes in diplomatic relations and trade policy, including the status of relations between the United States and other countries, including China and Russia, and the implementation of or changes to tariffs, export controls, trade sanctions, and embargoes, including if the United States and other countries were to impose more significant general sanctions against Russia in response to the continuing conflict in Ukraine, which could ban the use of our products by companies or users in Russia;

•public health crises, such as epidemics and pandemics; and


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•unstable regional and economic political conditions or armed conflicts in the markets in which we operate, including as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the regional conflict in the Middle East.

We have an office, vendors, and customers in Israel and many of our customers in other regions also have operations in Israel. Armed conflicts, terrorist activities or political instability involving Israel or other countries in the region may cause business disruptions and adversely impact our results of operations.

We do not currently have locations or employees in Russia and our revenues from sales to Russian entities is limited. However, certain customers have reduced their number of users of our products in Ukraine. Additionally, the European Union adopted sanctions against Russia prohibiting the sale and supply of enterprise software to entities and individuals in Russia. If customers further curtail or discontinue their operations in Ukraine or Russia, or if we are not able to supply or service users in Russia due to existing or new sanctions, we may lose sales and our results of operations could be negatively impacted.

Some of our business partners also have international operations and are subject to the risks described above. Even if we are able to successfully manage the risks of international operations, our business may be adversely affected if our business partners are not able to successfully manage these risks, which could adversely affect our business.

Difficulty attracting and retaining highly skilled employees could adversely affect our business and efforts to attract and retain such employees may increase our expenses.

To execute our growth plan, we must attract and retain highly skilled employees. Competition for such employees and potential employees is intense. We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, difficulty in hiring and retaining employees with the appropriate level of qualifications, and we also have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, intense recruitment of our employees by competitors and other technology companies.

Further, it takes time for newly hired employees to become productive. With respect to sales professionals, for instance, even if we are successful in attracting highly qualified personnel, it may take six to nine months or longer before they are fully trained and productive.

Many of the companies with which we compete for experienced employees have greater resources than we have and may offer compensation packages and benefits that are perceived to be better than ours. For example, we offer equity awards to a substantial majority of our job candidates and existing employees as part of their overall compensation package. If the perceived value of our equity awards declines, including as a result of prolonged declines in the market price of our common stock or changes in perception about our future prospects, it may adversely affect our ability to recruit and retain highly skilled employees. Additionally, changes in our compensation structure may be negatively received by employees and result in attrition or cause difficulty in the recruiting process. If we fail to attract new employees or fail to retain and motivate our current employees, our business and future growth prospects could be adversely affected.

Additionally, we have adopted a “Work Anywhere” policy, which generally gives employees the flexibility to work in an office or at home on any given day, with certain job-specific restrictions. While we believe this program is beneficial to our business, over the long term we may find it challenging or more costly to maintain employee productivity and collaboration as we continue to grow our business. If we fail to maintain employee productivity and collaboration, our ability to attract and retain highly qualified employees and to achieve our business objectives could be negatively affected.

Catastrophic events could disrupt our business and adversely affect our operating results.

Our corporate headquarters are located in Pleasanton, California and our primary third-party hosted computing infrastructure is located in the United States, the European Union, Japan, and South Korea. The west coast of the United States, Japan, and South Korea each contain active earthquake zones. Additionally, we rely on our network and third-party infrastructure and enterprise applications, internal technology systems, and our website, for our development, marketing, operational support, hosted services, and sales activities. In the event of a major earthquake, hurricane, or other natural disaster, or catastrophic event such as an actual or threatened public health emergency (e.g., a global pandemic), fire, extreme weather event, power loss, telecommunications failure, cyberattack, armed conflicts (including the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the regional conflict in the Middle East), or terrorist attack, we may be unable to continue our operations at full capacity or at all and may experience system interruptions, reputational harm, delays in our solution development, lengthy interruptions in our services, breaches


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of data security, loss of key employees, and loss of critical data, all of which could have an adverse effect on our future operating results.

Acquisitions could divert our management’s attention, result in additional dilution to our stockholders, and otherwise disrupt our operations.

We have in the past acquired and may in the future seek to acquire or invest in businesses, solutions, or technologies that we believe could complement or expand our solutions, enhance our technical capabilities or otherwise offer growth opportunities. The pursuit of potential acquisitions may divert the attention of management and cause us to incur various expenses in identifying, investigating, and pursuing suitable acquisitions, whether or not they are completed.

We have limited experience in acquiring other businesses. We may not be able to successfully integrate the acquired personnel, operations, and technologies, or effectively manage the combined business following the acquisition. We also may not achieve the anticipated benefits from the acquired business due to a number of factors, including:

•inability to integrate or benefit from acquired technologies or services in a profitable manner;

•costs, liabilities, or accounting charges associated with the acquisition;

•difficulty entering into new markets in which we have little or no experience or where competitors have stronger market positions;

•difficulty integrating the privacy, data security, and accounting systems, operations, and personnel of the acquired business;

•difficulties and additional expenses associated with supporting legacy products and hosting infrastructure of the acquired business;

•difficulty converting the customers of the acquired business onto our solutions and contract terms, including due to disparities in the revenue, licensing, support, or professional services model of the acquired company;

•diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns;

•problems arising from differences in applicable accounting standards or practices of the acquired business (for instance, non-U.S. businesses may not be accustomed to preparing their financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP) or difficulty identifying and correcting deficiencies in the internal controls over financial reporting of the acquired business;

•adverse effects to business relationships with our existing business partners and customers as a result of the acquisition;

•difficulty in retaining key personnel of the acquired business;

•use of substantial portions of our available cash to consummate the acquisition;

•use of resources that are needed in other parts of our business;

•significant changes beyond our control to the worldwide economic environment that could negatively impact our underlying assumptions and expectations for performance of the acquired business; and

•the possibility of investigation by, or the failure to obtain required approvals from, governmental authorities on a timely basis, if at all, under various regulatory schemes, including competition laws, which could, among other things, delay or prevent us from completing a transaction, subject the transaction to divestiture after the fact, or otherwise restrict our ability to realize the expected financial or strategic goals of the acquisition.

Acquisitions could also use substantial portions of our available cash and result in dilutive issuances of equity securities or the incurrence of debt, which could adversely affect our operating results. In the event we require financing to complete an acquisition, we may not be able to raise it on terms acceptable to us or at all. In addition, if an acquired business fails to meet our expectations, our operating results, business, and financial position may suffer.

Moreover, a significant portion of the purchase price of companies we acquire may be allocated to acquired intangible assets and goodwill, which we must assess for impairment at least annually. In the future, if our


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acquisitions do not yield expected returns, we may be required to take charges to our operating results based on this impairment assessment process, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Acquisitions may also result in purchase accounting adjustments, write-offs or restructuring charges, which may negatively affect our results.

Changes in our senior management team or other key personnel could have a negative effect on our ability to execute our business strategy.

Our success depends in a large part upon the continued service of our senior management team and other key personnel. For example, our founder and Chief Executive Officer, Peter P. Gassner, is critical to our vision, strategic direction, culture, products, and technology. Leadership transitions can be inherently difficult to manage, and an unsuccessful transition may cause disruption to our business. If our succession planning for key personnel is inadequate, the loss of one or more of our key employees could harm our business. In addition, changes in our senior management team may create uncertainty among our customers, investors, employees, or job candidates concerning Veeva’s future direction and performance. Any disruption in our operations or uncertainty around our ability to execute could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

Our business could be adversely affected if our customers are not satisfied with the professional or technical support services provided by us or our partners.

Our business depends on our ability to satisfy our customers, both with respect to our solutions and the professional services that are performed in connection with the implementation of our solutions, including training our customers’ employees on our solutions. Professional services may be performed by us, by a third party, or by a combination of the two. If a customer is not satisfied with the quality of work performed by us or a third party or with the solutions delivered, we could incur additional costs to address the situation, we may be required to issue credits or refunds for pre-paid amounts related to unused services, the profitability of that work might be impaired, and the customer’s dissatisfaction with our services could damage our ability to expand the number of solutions subscribed to by that customer. Customers may have requirements, including certain data access restrictions, that our support organizations need to meet. Negative publicity related to our customer relationships or satisfaction with our services, regardless of its accuracy, may further damage our business by affecting our ability to compete for new business with current and prospective customers.

Once our solutions are deployed, our customers depend on our support organization to resolve technical issues relating to our solutions. We may be unable to sufficiently accommodate short-term increases in customer demand for technical support services to our customers’ satisfaction. Increased customer demand for our technical support services, without corresponding revenues, could increase costs and adversely affect our operating results. In addition, our sales process is highly dependent on the reputation of our solutions and business and on positive recommendations from our existing customers. Any failure to maintain high-quality technical support, or a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality support, could adversely affect our reputation, our ability to sell our solutions to existing and prospective customers, and our business and operating results.

Our estimate of the market size for our solutions we have provided publicly may prove to be inaccurate, and even if the market size is accurate, we cannot assure you that our business will serve a significant portion of the market.

Our estimate of the market size for our solutions that we have provided publicly, sometimes referred to as total addressable market (“TAM”), is subject to significant uncertainty and is based on assumptions and estimates, including our internal analysis and industry experience, which may not prove to be accurate. These estimates are, in part, based upon the size of the general application areas we target. Our ability to serve a significant portion of this estimated market is subject to many factors, including our success in implementing our business strategy, which is subject to many risks and uncertainties. For example, in order to address the entire TAM we have identified, we must continue to enhance and add functionality to our existing solutions and introduce new solutions. Accordingly, even if our estimate of the market size is accurate, we cannot assure you that our business will serve a significant portion of this estimated market for our solutions.


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Risks Related to the Principal Industry We Serve

Nearly all of our revenues are generated by sales to customers in the life sciences industry, and factors that adversely affect this industry, including mergers within the life sciences industry or regulatory changes, could also adversely affect us.

Nearly all of our sales are to customers in the life sciences industry. Demand for our solutions could be affected by factors that affect the life sciences industry, including:

•Regulatory changes, government policies, and government funding decisions related to the life sciences industry—Changes in regulations could negatively impact the business environment for our life sciences customers and for us. Healthcare laws and regulations are rapidly evolving and may change significantly in the future. For example, regulatory changes with respect to life sciences advertising, such as limitations on or the elimination of the ability of pharmaceutical companies to engage in direct-to-consumer advertising, could negatively impact certain of our product offerings, including our Crossix business. Further, in recent years, there have been legislative and regulatory changes regarding the pricing of drugs and other healthcare treatments sold by life sciences companies, such as the drug pricing reforms in the Inflation Reduction Act, which went into effect in August 2022, drug pricing reforms proposed by the current administration, which would impose certain limits on drug prices in the U.S. relative to the prices paid in other countries, and drug price negotiations with the current administration and certain drug manufacturers. Other drug pricing reforms have been discussed and may be proposed in the future. Significant changes in drug pricing policy or regulation could result in lower revenues and profits for life sciences companies and reduced demand for our products. In addition, reductions in funding and staffing of government agencies and changes in the funding and eligibility for healthcare programs relevant to the life sciences industry—such as the Food and Drug Administration, the National Institutes of Health, and Medicaid—or changes in funding priorities relevant to the life sciences industry could adversely affect the life sciences industry.

•Consolidation of companies within the life sciences industry—Consolidation within the life sciences industry has accelerated in recent years, and this trend could continue. We have in the past, and may in the future, suffer reductions in user subscriptions or non-renewal of customer subscription orders due to industry consolidation. We may not be able to expand sales of our solutions and services to new customers enough to counteract any negative impact of company consolidation on our business. In addition, new companies that result from such consolidation may decide that our solutions are no longer needed because of their own internal processes or alternative solutions. As these companies consolidate, competition to provide solutions and services will become more intense and establishing relationships with large industry participants will become more important. These industry participants may also try to use their market power to negotiate price reductions for our solutions. If consolidation of our larger customers occurs, the combined company may represent a larger percentage of business for us and, as a result, we are likely to rely more significantly on revenue from the combined company to continue to achieve growth. In addition, if large life sciences companies merge, it would have the potential to reduce per-unit pricing for our solutions for the merged companies or to reduce demand for one or more of our solutions as a result of potential personnel reductions over time.

•Changes in the funding environment and bankruptcies in the life sciences industry—Our business depends on the overall economic health of our existing and prospective customers. The purchase of our solutions may involve a significant commitment of capital and other resources. A reduction in private funding or the ability to secure funding in public markets for early-stage life sciences companies has resulted in the past, and may result in the future, in reduced sales and adverse effects to our financial results. Moreover, life sciences companies, and in particular early-stage companies with pre-commercial treatments in clinical trials, may ultimately be unsuccessful and may subsequently declare bankruptcy. If our customers declare bankruptcy or otherwise dissolve, they may terminate their agreements with us or we may not be able to recoup the full payment of fees owed to us. Certain of our customers or potential customers may also be negatively impacted by high interest rates and may find access to debt and other financing more difficult as a result.

•Changes in market conditions and practices within the life sciences industry—The expiration of key patents, the implications of precision medicine treatments, changes in the practices of prescribing physicians and patients, changes with respect to payer relationships, and the policies and preferences of healthcare professionals and healthcare organizations with respect to the sales and marketing efforts of life sciences companies could negatively impact demand for our solutions. Changes in public


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perception regarding the practices of the life sciences industry may result in political pressure to increase the regulation of life sciences companies in one or more of the areas described above, which may negatively impact demand for our solutions. Other factors could lead to a significant reduction in sales representatives that use our solutions or otherwise change the demand for our solutions. For example, in recent years, certain life sciences companies have reduced the number of sales representatives they employ due to an increased preference for digitally-enabled sales channels, which negatively impacted sales of our solutions, including Veeva CRM and certain of our other Commercial Solutions.

•Changes in trade policy or geopolitical conditions that impact the life sciences industry, changes in the ability to sell healthcare treatments in certain locations, and the global availability of healthcare treatments provided by the life sciences companies to which we sell—Tariffs imposed on the end products of the life sciences industry or on inputs relevant to the life sciences industry could increase costs for our customers or reduce demand for their products, which could delay or reduce their IT spending. If economic or geopolitical conditions deteriorate, or the ability to market life sciences products or conduct clinical trials in key markets is disrupted, including as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine; the regional conflict in the Middle East; changes in export controls; sanctions, or other international laws; or if the demand for life sciences products globally deteriorates for other reasons, our customers may delay or reduce their IT spending, particularly within the regions impacted by negative economic or geopolitical conditions. For example, a number of significant life sciences companies have scaled back sales, operations, and investments in Russia, including curtailing sales and marketing and clinical trial activity in Russia.

Any of the above could result in reductions in sales of our solutions, longer sales cycles, reductions in subscription duration and value, slower adoption of new product offerings, and increased price competition. Accordingly, our operating results and our ability to efficiently provide our solutions to life sciences companies and to grow or maintain our customer base could be adversely affected as a result of these factors and others that affect the life sciences industry generally.

Our solutions address heavily regulated functions within the life sciences industry, and failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations could lessen the demand for our solutions or subject us to significant claims and losses.

Our customers use our solutions for business activities that are subject to a complex regime of global laws and regulations, including requirements for maintenance of electronic records and electronic signatures, requirements regarding drug sample tracking and distribution, requirements regarding system validations, requirements regarding processing of health data, and other laws and regulations. Our customers expect to be able to use our solutions in a manner that is compliant with the regulations to which they are subject. Our efforts to provide solutions that comply with such laws and regulations are time-consuming and costly and include validation procedures that may delay the release of new versions of our solutions. As these laws and regulations change over time, we may find it difficult to adjust our solutions to comply with such changes.

In addition, many countries and self-regulatory bodies impose requirements regarding payments and transfers of value from life sciences companies to healthcare professionals. For example, our current and prospective customers may be required to comply with the U.S. federal legislation commonly referred to as the Physician Payments Sunshine Act, enacted as part of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, and its implementing regulations (“Sunshine Act”). The Sunshine Act requires certain manufacturers of drugs, devices, biologics, and medical supplies, with specific exceptions, to report annually to the government information related to certain payments and other transfers of value to physicians. Our solutions and services targeted at life sciences companies, including, for example, Veeva Digital Events, are used by our customers to assist with their reporting obligations under the Sunshine Act. If our solutions and services fail to assist our customers to meet such reporting obligations in a timely and accurate manner, demand for our solutions could decrease, which could adversely affect our business.

As we increase the number of products we offer, increase the number of countries in which we operate, and incorporate new technologies and capabilities into our products (including the use of AI and machine learning technologies), the complexity of adjusting our solutions to comply with legal and regulatory changes will increase. If we are unable to effectively manage this increased complexity or if we are not able to provide solutions that can be used in compliance with applicable laws and regulations, customers may be unwilling to use our solutions, and any such non-compliance could result in the termination of our customer agreements or claims arising from such


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agreements with our customers. Furthermore, we have in the past and may in the future be subject to inspections or audits by government agencies or other regulatory bodies to verify our customers’ compliance with applicable laws, regulations, or GxP principles.

Additionally, any failure of our customers to comply with laws and regulations applicable to the functions for which they use our solutions could result in investigations by regulatory authorities, fines, penalties, or claims for substantial damages against our customers that may, in turn, harm our business or reputation. If such failure were allegedly caused by our solutions or services, our customers may make a claim for damages against us, regardless of our responsibility for the failure. We may be subject to investigations and lawsuits that, even if unsuccessful, could divert our resources and our management’s attention and adversely affect our business and customer relationships, and our insurance coverage may not be sufficient to cover such claims against us.

Increasingly complex regulations relating to privacy, data protection, and cybersecurity are burdensome, may reduce demand for our solutions, and non-compliance may impose significant liabilities.

Our customers use our solutions to collect, use, store, disclose, and otherwise process personal data regarding their employees, healthcare professionals, and patients. Patient data may include sensitive health data. In many countries, governmental bodies have adopted or may adopt laws and regulations regarding the security, collection, use, storage, disclosure, and other processing of personal data, making compliance an increasingly complex task.

Under the European General Data Protection Regulation (“EU GDPR”) and the United Kingdom’s General Data Protection Regulation (“UK GDPR”), as amended by the Data (Use and Access) Act 2025, we act as a data controller for our data products and a data processor with respect to our software products. Each of the GDPR and UK GDPR impose significant data protection obligations and provide for substantial penalties and other remedies for noncompliance. We maintain active self-certifications under the EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and the Swiss-U.S. Data Privacy Framework as set forth by the U.S. Department of Commerce. We also rely on EU, Swiss, and UK Standard Contractual Clauses, as well as our technical, contractual, and security measures, to help ensure that our European customers have the appropriate legal mechanisms in place for their personal data to be accessed from within the United States. We are required to take steps to legitimize any personal data transfers impacted by these developments and similar developments in other jurisdictions, and to engage in contract negotiations with third parties that aid in processing personal data on our behalf. We may be subject to increased costs of compliance and limitations on our service providers and us. In addition, these laws are complex, with the application and interpretation of them, at times, unclear and inconsistent, and significant penalties may be imposed for non-compliance. For example, in May 2023, the Irish Data Protection Commission imposed a significant fine on a large internet technology corporation for its failure to sufficiently address risks to EU data subjects when transferring data to the U.S.

Other countries have imposed or may in the future impose data localization obligations, cross-border data transfer restrictions, and other country specific privacy and security requirements which could be problematic to cloud software and data providers. For example, in 2021, China adopted the Personal Information Protection Law, which, together with the Cybersecurity Law and the Data Security Law, require companies that process personal data of China residents above certain thresholds to seek approval from the Cyberspace Administration of China (“CAC”) to transfer such data outside of China. In 2023, certain of our Veeva CRM customers in China were required to request such approval from the CAC and had their requests denied. Customers required to request approval may need to implement a CRM solution that does not require data to be transferred outside of China and customers not subject to the requirement may nonetheless choose to do so. While we offer the China CRM Suite, a CRM solution that does not require data to be transferred outside of China, some customers have chosen, and other customers may choose, other CRM providers, which may negatively impact our CRM business in China. Currently, approximately 2% of our total revenue is attributable to China. Additionally, the French governmental agency for health mandates a certification requiring that personal health data collected during healthcare activities be stored exclusively within the European Economic Area.

As we expand our data product offerings into new jurisdictions, we are required to assess, monitor, and comply with additional laws and regulations related to our collection and processing of data, which may include new registration, consent, and notification obligations.

We also expect laws, regulations, industry standards and other obligations relating to privacy, data protection, and cybersecurity to continue to evolve, and that there will continue to be new, modified, and re-interpreted laws, regulations, standards, and other obligations in these areas. For example, the Network and Information Security Directive II (“NIS2”), adopted in 2023, aims to enhance cybersecurity across critical infrastructure and essential services in the EU. NIS2 provides for all 27 EU member states to have issued implementing legislation by October


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2024; however, several EU member states have not finalized their respective legislation and guidance. Furthermore, the newly effective EU Data Act, which came into effect September 12, 2025, allows our EU customers to cancel their subscriptions without cause and switch to another provider upon providing the notice and after the transition period specified by the Act.

In the United States, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has promulgated privacy and security rules under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”) that cover protected health information (“PHI”) by limiting use and disclosure and giving individuals the right to access, amend, and seek accounting of disclosures of their PHI. Certain of our customers may be either business associates or covered entities under HIPAA, which means we must maintain a HIPAA compliance program. There is also the potential for the U.S. federal government to pass additional data privacy laws.

U.S. federal and state data privacy laws are rapidly evolving. These laws impose new and modify existing obligations on businesses that collect personal information, create new privacy rights for individuals, and contain enhanced requirements for and restrictions on data brokers. For example, under the California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”), as amended, we are generally considered a “service provider” for our software solutions and a “business” for our data products. Some of these laws and regulations also target certain types of marketing and advertising based on the use of personal information. The State of Washington, for example, passed the My Health My Data Act, which became effective on March 21, 2024, establishing significant new restrictions on how businesses can collect, use, and disclose consumer health data. Veeva Crossix’s data platform combines large-scale data sets, inclusive of de-identified health and consumer data, to provide insights, analytics, and audience segmentation for our life sciences customers in the U.S. In response to the Washington law, we made modifications to our audience segments that may reduce demand for our Crossix products, which, in turn, could adversely impact the business. Other states have considered, and in certain cases enacted, similar laws. Additionally, the U.S. Department of Justice recently issued a final rule that places limitations, and in some cases prohibitions, on certain transfers of and access to certain personal data of U.S. persons by persons and entities located in China (and other designated countries) or controlled by a person or entity located in China (and other designated countries). These various laws, regulations, and legislative developments have potentially far-reaching consequences and have and may continue to require us to modify our solutions, our global support business, and our data management practices and incur substantial expense in order to comply.

In addition to governmental laws and regulations, privacy advocates and other key industry players have, and may continue to, establish various new standards and certifications, such as the prohibition of third-party cookies and other identifiers in certain digital environments, that may place additional burdens or resource constraints on us, limit our ability to collect, use, and otherwise process certain data, and limit our ability to generate certain analytics. Our customers may expect us to meet voluntary certifications or adhere to other standards established by third parties. Understanding and implementing industry and customer specific requirements and certifications on top of our internationally recognized security certifications could require additional investment and management attention and may subject us to significant liabilities if we are unable to comply. Moreover, the continuing evolution of these standards might cause confusion for our customers and may have an impact on the solutions we offer. If we are unable to maintain these certifications or meet these standards, it could reduce demand for our solutions and adversely affect our business and operating results.

Customers expect that our solutions can be used in compliance with applicable data protection, data privacy and cybersecurity laws and regulations. Compliance with these global laws and regulations, including any new or evolving regulations relating to the use of data in AI and machine learning technologies, such as the EU AI Act, has and will continue to require valuable management and employee time and resources and modification of our products or operations, and may also limit use and adoption of our products. Data protection authorities from around the world will from time to time review our products and services and their compliance with applicable laws and regulations. Any actual or perceived failure to comply with such laws and regulations or other actual or asserted obligations relating to privacy, data protection, or cybersecurity could lead to inspections, audits, regulatory investigations and other proceedings, significant fines, penalties, and other relief imposed by government agencies and regulatory bodies, and claims, demands, and litigation by our customers or third parties, which may reduce demand for our solutions and result in reputational harm, substantial damages and other liabilities.

Incorporating AI in our solutions or other uses of AI may result in reputational harm and increased liability.

Veeva AI, an initiative that will add AI to our applications across all major areas, including clinical, regulatory, safety, quality, medical, and commercial, presents new risks and challenges that could affect the adoption of our solutions and our business. If our AI offerings draw controversy due to their perceived or actual impact on privacy, security or confidentiality, inefficacy or inaccuracy, or contribution to bias, discrimination, other ethical harms, or other matters,


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we may experience new or enhanced governmental or regulatory scrutiny, brand or reputational harm, competitive harm, or legal liability. If our users lose confidence in the decisions, predictions, analyses, or other content that our AI offerings produce, the adoption of our offerings could be adversely affected, which may harm our operating results and financial condition. We may also use AI for research and development and other internal operational use cases. The legal, regulatory, and policy environments around AI are evolving rapidly, and we may become subject to new and evolving legal and other obligations. These and other developments may require us to make significant changes to our use of AI, including by limiting or restricting our use of AI, and which may require us to make significant changes to our policies and practices, which may necessitate expenditure of significant time, expense, and other resources. Uncertainty around new and emerging AI applications and regulations may require us to make significant changes to our use of AI, including by limiting or restricting such use, and may cause us to incur increased research and development costs or compliance costs, or divert resources from other development efforts to address issues related to AI governance. If we are unable to mitigate these risks, or if we incur excessive expenses in our efforts to do so, our reputation, business, operating results, and financial condition may be harmed.

Risks Related to Our Reliance on Third Parties

We rely on third-party providers—including Amazon Web Services and Salesforce—for computing infrastructure, secure network connectivity, and other technology-related services needed to deliver our cloud solutions. Any disruption in the services provided by such third-party providers could adversely affect our business and subject us to liability.

Our solutions are hosted from and use computing infrastructure provided by third parties. We utilize Amazon Web Services with respect to applications built on the Veeva Vault platform. Our Veeva CRM application is built on a platform provided by Salesforce that utilizes hosting and computing infrastructure provided by Salesforce. However, as discussed in more detail above, we have begun to migrate our Veeva CRM customers to Vault CRM, which is built on our Veeva Vault platform. We also utilize other computing infrastructure service providers to a lesser extent.

We do not own or control the operation of the third-party facilities or equipment used to provide the services described above. Our computing infrastructure service providers have no obligation to renew their agreements with us on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we are unable to renew these agreements on commercially reasonable terms or if our computing infrastructure is unable to keep up with our needs for capacity, we may be required to transition to a new provider and we may incur significant costs and possible service interruption in connection with doing so. In addition, such service providers could decide to close their facilities or change or suspend their service offerings without adequate notice to us. Moreover, any financial difficulties, such as bankruptcy, faced by such service providers may have negative effects on our business, the nature and extent of which are difficult to predict. Since we cannot easily switch computing infrastructure service providers, any disruption with respect to our current providers would impact our operations and our business could be adversely impacted.

Problems faced by our computing infrastructure service providers could adversely affect the experience of our customers. For example, Salesforce and Amazon Web Services have experienced significant service outages in the past and may do so again in the future. Additionally, our failure to manage or react to an increase in customer demand could have an adverse effect on our business. A rapid expansion of our business or an increase in customer demand could affect our service levels or cause our systems to fail. Our agreements with third-party computing infrastructure service providers may not entitle us to corresponding service level credits to those we offer to our customers. Any changes in third-party service levels at our computing infrastructure service providers or any related disruptions, slowdowns, failures, or other performance problems with our solutions could result in lengthy interruptions in our services, damage our customers’ stored files, or result in potential losses of customer data, any of which could adversely affect our reputation. Interruptions in our services might reduce our revenues, cause us to issue refunds to customers for prepaid and unused subscriptions, subject us to service level credit claims and potential liability, or adversely affect our renewal rates.

We are currently dependent upon Salesforce’s platform for our Veeva CRM application.

We are currently dependent upon the Salesforce platform to deliver Veeva CRM. However, we have begun to migrate our Veeva CRM customers to Vault CRM, which is built on our Veeva Vault platform. Our agreement with Salesforce expired on September 1, 2025, and pursuant to the terms of our agreement, during the wind-down period from September 1, 2025 to September 1, 2030, we may not sell applications that utilize the Salesforce platform to new customers and our sales of applications that utilize the Salesforce platform to a customer existing at September 1, 2025 may not exceed 150% of the seats in use by each such customer as of September 1, 2025.


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After September 1, 2030, we will not be able to sell applications that utilize the Salesforce platform to any customers.

Salesforce also has the right, in certain circumstances, to terminate the wind-down period early, including in the event of a material breach of the agreement by us, or if Salesforce is subjected to third-party intellectual property infringement claims based on our solutions (except to the extent based on the Salesforce platform) or our trademarks and we do not remedy such infringement in accordance with the agreement. Also, if we are acquired by specified companies, Salesforce may terminate the agreement upon notice of not less than 12 months. If the Salesforce platform for Veeva CRM becomes unavailable earlier than we anticipate, our business and operations would be adversely affected.

We employ third-party licensed software and software components for use in or with our solutions, and the inability to maintain these licenses or the presence of errors or security vulnerabilities in the software we license could limit the functionality of our products and result in increased costs or reduced service levels, which would adversely affect our business.

Our solutions incorporate or use certain third-party software and software components obtained under licenses from other companies. We also use third-party software and tools in the development process for our solutions to manage and monitor our computing infrastructure, and to provide professional services and support our customers. For example, our Veeva CRM Engage Meeting application uses a purpose-built partner tool from Zoom Video Communications, Inc., which is critical to the application’s functionality. We anticipate that we will continue to rely on such third-party software and development tools in the future. Although we believe that there are commercially reasonable alternatives to the third-party software we currently license, this may not always be the case, or it may be difficult or costly to replace. In addition, although we maintain a supplier security evaluation process, if the third-party software we use has errors, security vulnerabilities, or otherwise malfunctions, the functionality of our solutions may be negatively impacted, our customers may experience reduced service levels, and our business may suffer.

Our solutions utilize open-source software, and any failure to comply with the terms of one or more of these open-source licenses could adversely affect our business.

Our solutions include software covered by open-source licenses. The terms of various open-source licenses have not been interpreted by U.S. courts, and there is a risk that such licenses could be construed in a manner that imposes unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to market our solutions. It is possible under the terms of certain open-source licenses, if we combine our proprietary software with open-source software in a certain manner, that we could be required to release the source code of our proprietary software and make our proprietary software available under open-source licenses. In the event that portions of our proprietary software are determined to be subject to an open-source license, we could be required to publicly release the affected portions of our source code, re-engineer all or a portion of our solutions, or otherwise be limited in the licensing of our solutions, each of which could reduce or eliminate the value of our solutions. In addition to risks related to license requirements, use of open-source software can lead to greater risks than use of third-party commercial software, as open-source licensors generally do not provide warranties or controls on the origin of the software. Many of the risks associated with the use of open-source software cannot be eliminated and could adversely affect our business.

Risks Related to Our Financial Performance, How We Contract with Customers, and the Financial Position of Our Business

Our historic growth rates of total revenues and subscription services revenues should not be viewed as indicative of our future performance.

While we have experienced significant revenue growth in prior periods, it is not indicative of our future revenue growth. Our total revenues and subscription services revenue growth rates have declined in the past and may decline in the future. In our fiscal years ended January 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, our total revenues grew by 16%, 10%, and 16% respectively, as compared to total revenues from the prior fiscal years. In our fiscal years ended January 31, 2025, 2024, and 2023, our subscription services revenues grew by 20%, 10%, and 17% respectively, as compared to subscription services revenues from the prior fiscal years. Over the longer term, our revenue growth


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rates are likely to fluctuate from year to year and may decline. If we are unable to maintain consistent revenue growth, it may adversely impact our profitability and the value of our common stock.

Our results may fluctuate from period to period, which could prevent us from meeting our own guidance or security analyst or investor expectations.

Our results of operations, including our revenues, gross margin, operating margin, profitability, cash flows, normalized billings, and deferred revenue, as well as other metrics we may report, have in the past and may in the future vary from period to period for a variety of reasons, including those listed elsewhere in this “Risk Factors” section, and period-to-period comparisons of our operating results may not be meaningful. Accordingly, our quarterly results should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance. Additionally, from time to time, we issue guidance and provide commentary regarding our expectations for certain future financial results and other metrics on both a near-term and long-term basis. Our guidance is based upon a number of assumptions and estimates that are subject to significant business, economic, and competitive uncertainties that are beyond our control and are based upon assumptions about future business and accounting decisions that may change or be wrong. Our guidance may prove to be incorrect, and actual results may differ from our guidance. Fluctuations in our results, changes in our guidance, or failure to achieve our guidance or security analyst or investor expectations, even if not materially, could cause the price of our common stock to decline substantially, and our investors could incur substantial losses.

Our subscription agreements with our customers are typically for a term of one year. If our existing customers do not renew their subscriptions, do not buy additional solutions and user subscriptions from us, renew at lower aggregate fee levels, or early terminate their existing agreements, our business and operating results will suffer.

We derive a significant portion of our revenues from the renewal of existing subscription orders. The majority of our customers’ orders for subscription services have one-year terms. Our customers have no obligation to renew their subscriptions after their orders expire. Thus, securing the renewal of our subscription orders and selling additional solutions and user subscriptions is critical to our future operating results. Factors that may affect the renewal rate for our solutions and our ability to sell additional solutions and user subscriptions include:

•the price, performance, and functionality of our solutions;

•the effectiveness of our professional services;

•the strength of our business relationships with our customers;

•the availability, price, performance, and functionality of competing solutions and services;

•our ability to develop complementary solutions, applications, and services;

•the stability, performance, and security of our hosting infrastructure and hosting services; and

•the business environment of our customers and, in particular, reductions in spending or headcount, and acquisitions of or business combinations between our customers or other business developments that may result in reductions in user subscriptions.

For example, certain of our contracting terms include an annual inflation adjustment that raises the price to each customer upon renewal by the lower of 4% or the Consumer Price Index (All Urban Consumer, U.S. City Average, All Items Index) published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics for the month of August of the prior calendar year. If this increase results in reduced renewal rates, our business and results of operations will be adversely affected. Further, our customers may negotiate terms less advantageous to us upon renewal, which could reduce our revenues from these customers. As a customer’s total spend on Veeva solutions increases, we expect purchasing scrutiny at renewal to increase as well, which may result in reductions in user subscriptions or increased pricing pressure. Other factors that are not within our control may contribute to a reduction in our subscription services revenues. For instance, our customers may reduce their number of sales representatives, which would result in a corresponding reduction in the number of user subscriptions needed for some of our solutions and thus a lower aggregate renewal fee, or our customers may discontinue clinical trials for which our solutions are being used. In addition, certain customers have in the past exercised their right to reduce usage or exercise termination rights, and other customers may also choose to do so in the future. Our master subscription agreements governing multi-year orders generally include a right to terminate for convenience. In addition, pursuant to the EU Data Act, which came


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into effect September 12, 2025, our EU customers may cancel their subscriptions without cause upon providing the notice and after the transition period specified by the Act.

If our customers fail to renew their subscription orders, renew their subscription orders with less favorable terms or at lower fee levels, fail to purchase new solutions, applications, or professional services from us, or terminate their existing agreements early, our revenues may decline or our future revenues may be constrained.

As our costs increase, we may not be able to sustain the level of profitability we have achieved in the past.

We expect our future expenses to increase as we continue to invest in and grow our business. We expect to incur significant future expenditures related to:

•developing new solutions and enhancing our existing solutions, including additional data acquisition costs associated with our Veeva Compass offering and investment in our product development teams;

•improving the technology infrastructure, scalability, availability, security, and support for our solutions;

•sales and marketing, including expansion of our direct sales organization and global marketing programs;

•expansion of our professional services organization;

•acquisitions and investments; and

•general operations, IT systems, facilities, and administration, including legal and accounting expenses.

If our efforts to increase revenues and manage our expenses are not successful, or if we incur costs, damages, fines, settlements, or judgments as a result of other risks and uncertainties described in this report, we may not be able to sustain or increase our historical levels of profitability.

Our revenues and gross margin from professional services fees are volatile and may not increase from quarter to quarter or at all.

We derive a significant portion of our revenue from professional services fees. Our professional services revenues fluctuate from quarter to quarter as a result of the requirements, complexity, and timing of customer projects. Our customers may also choose to use third parties rather than us for certain professional services related to our solutions. As a result of these and other factors, our professional services revenues may not increase on a quarterly basis in the future or at all. Additionally, the gross margin generated from professional services fees fluctuates based on a number of factors which may vary from period to period, including the average billable hours worked by our billable professional services personnel, our average hourly rates for professional services, and the margin on professional services subcontracted to our third-party systems integrator partners. As a result of these and other factors, the gross margin from our professional services may not increase on a quarterly basis in the future or at all.

Because we recognize subscription services revenues ratably over the term of an order for our subscription services, our short-term results of operations may not reflect a decline in sales and may not be indicative of future results.

We generally recognize subscription services revenues ratably over the term of an order under our subscription agreements. As a result, a substantial majority of our quarterly subscription services revenues are generated from subscription agreements entered into during prior periods. Consequently, a decline in new subscriptions in any quarter may not affect our results of operations in that quarter but could reduce our revenues in future quarters. Additionally, the timing of renewals or non-renewals or termination for convenience of a subscription agreement during any quarter may only affect our financial performance in future quarters. For example, the non-renewal of a subscription agreement late in a quarter will have minimal impact on revenues for that quarter but will reduce our revenues in future quarters.

Accordingly, the effect of significant declines in sales and customer acceptance of our solutions may not be reflected in our short-term results of operations, which would make these reported results less indicative of our future financial results. By contrast, a non-renewal occurring early in a quarter may have a significant negative impact on revenues for that quarter and we may not be able to offset a decline in revenues due to the non-renewal with revenues from new subscription agreements entered into in the same quarter.


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Deferred revenue and change in deferred revenue may not be accurate indicators of our future financial results.

Our subscription orders are generally billed at the beginning of the subscription period in annual or quarterly increments, which means the annualized value of such orders may not be completely reflected in deferred revenue at any single point in time. Many of our customers, including many of our large customers, are billed on a quarterly basis and therefore a substantial portion of the value of contracts billed on a quarterly basis will not be reflected in our deferred revenue at the end of any given quarter. Also, particularly with respect to expansion orders for our Commercial Solutions, because the term of orders for additional end users or applications is commonly less than one year to align to the renewal date of existing Commercial Solutions orders, the annualized value of such orders may not be completely reflected in deferred revenue at any single point in time. We have also agreed from time to time, and may agree in the future, to allow customers to change the renewal dates of their orders to, for example, align more closely with a customer’s annual budget process or to align with the renewal dates of other orders placed by other entities within the same corporate control group, or to change payment terms from annual to quarterly, or vice versa. Such changes may result in an order of less than one year as necessary to align all orders to the desired renewal date and, thus, may result in a lesser increase to deferred revenue compared to if the adjustment had not occurred. Additionally, changes in renewal dates may change the fiscal quarter in which deferred revenue associated with a particular order is booked. Accordingly, we do not believe that changes on a quarterly or annual basis in deferred revenue, calculated billings, or normalized billings are precise indicators of the underlying momentum of our business or future revenues. We believe that our subscription revenue guidance and normalized billings guidance for the full fiscal year are the best indicators of the momentum of our business or future revenues. Please note that we define the term calculated billings for any period to mean revenue for the period plus the change in deferred revenue from the immediately preceding period minus the change in unbilled accounts receivable from the immediately preceding period. We define the term normalized billings for any period to mean calculated billings adjusted for the impact of (i) term changes in our customer renewals, such as changes to renewal date (for example, changing the renewal date of multiple products to be coterminous) or changes to billing frequency (for example, changing from annual to quarterly billings), and (ii) delayed renewals that have closed and billed after the period end. However, many companies that provide cloud-based software report changes in deferred revenue or billings as key operating or financial metrics, and it is possible that analysts or investors may view these metrics as important. Thus, any changes in our deferred revenue balances or deferred revenue trends could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

Currency exchange fluctuations may negatively impact our financial results.

Some of our international agreements provide for payment denominated in local currencies, and the majority of our local costs are denominated in local currencies. As we continue to expand our operations in countries outside the United States, an increasing proportion of our revenues and expenditures in the future may be denominated in foreign currencies. Fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar versus foreign currencies may impact our operating results when translated into U.S. dollars. Thus, our results of operations and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly changes in the Euro, Japanese Yen, Canadian Dollar, Great British Pound Sterling, and Chinese Yuan, and may be adversely affected in the future due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Changes in exchange rates may negatively affect our revenues, expenses, and other operating results as expressed in U.S. dollars in the future. For example, changes in exchange rates negatively affected our revenues as expressed in U.S. dollars for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2025 and 2024, and may also negatively affect our revenues as expressed in U.S. dollars for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2026. Further, we have experienced and will continue to experience fluctuations in our net income as a result of transaction gains or losses related to certain asset and liability balances that are denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the entities in which they are recorded.

We engage in the hedging of our foreign currency transactions and may in the future hedge selected significant transactions or net monetary exposure positions denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The use of such hedging activities may not offset any or more than a portion of the adverse financial effects of unfavorable movements in foreign exchange rates over the limited time the hedges are in place. Moreover, the use of hedging instruments may introduce additional risks if we are unable to structure effective hedges with such instruments.


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Taxing authorities may successfully assert that we should have collected or in the future should collect sales and use, value-added or similar transactional taxes, and we could be subject to liability with respect to past or future sales, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

We do not collect sales and use, value added or similar transactional taxes in all jurisdictions in which we have sales but no physical presence, based on our determination that such taxes are not applicable or that we are not required to collect such taxes with respect to the jurisdiction. Sales and use, value added and similar tax laws and rates vary greatly by jurisdiction. Certain jurisdictions in which we do not collect and remit such taxes may assert that such taxes are applicable, which could result in tax assessments, penalties and interest, and we may be required to collect such taxes in the future. Such tax assessments, penalties and interest or future requirements, including based on changes in tax laws, may adversely affect our results of operations. We believe that our condensed consolidated financial statements reflect adequate reserves to cover such a contingency, but there can be no assurances in that regard.

Unanticipated changes in our effective tax rate and additional tax liabilities, including as a result of our international operations or implementation of new tax rules, could harm our future results.

We are subject to income taxes in the United States and various foreign jurisdictions. Our domestic and international tax liabilities are subject to the allocation of expenses in differing jurisdictions and complex transfer pricing regulations administered by taxing authorities in these jurisdictions. Tax rates may change as a result of factors outside of our control or relevant taxing authorities may disagree with our determinations as to the income and expenses attributable to specific jurisdictions. In addition, changes in tax and trade laws, treaties or regulations, or their interpretation or enforcement, have become more unpredictable and may become more stringent, which could have a material adverse effect on our tax position. Additionally, volatility in our stock price would affect the excess tax benefits from our equity compensation, which may adversely impact our effective tax rate. Forecasting our estimated annual effective tax rate is complex and subject to uncertainty, and there may be material differences between our forecasted and actual tax rates. Moreover, increases in our effective tax rate would reduce our profitability.

Our income tax provision could also be impacted by changes in accounting principles and changes in U.S. federal and state or international tax laws applicable to multinational corporations. For example, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act includes significant tax provisions such as the permanent extension of certain expiring provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“TCJA”), modifications to the international tax framework and restoration of immediate expensing for domestic research and development expenditures, which were previously required to be capitalized and amortized over five years under TCJA. Changes in the interpretation or implementation of this new law have impacted in the past and may impact in the future the calculation of our tax payments and our financial results.

Any changes in taxing jurisdictions’ administrative interpretations, decisions, policies, and positions could also impact our tax liabilities. The overall tax environment has made it increasingly challenging for multinational corporations to operate with certainty about taxation in many jurisdictions. For example, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) is making progress with ongoing reforms of the international tax system, including changes to the practice of shifting profits among affiliated entities located in different tax jurisdictions. In October 2021, the OECD announced that more than 135 jurisdictions agreed on a two-pillar solution to address the tax challenges arising from the digitalization of the economy, including a global minimum effective corporate tax rate of 15% for certain large multinational companies, referred to as Pillar Two. A number of countries, including the United Kingdom, have implemented the legislation effective January 1, 2024, and we expect others to follow. We continue to monitor and assess the developments and implications surrounding changes in the global tax environment, including Pillar Two. The increasingly complex global tax environment could have a material adverse effect on our effective tax rate, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition.

Finally, we have been, and may be in the future, subject to income tax audits throughout the world. We believe our income, employment, and transactional tax liabilities are reasonably estimated and accounted for in accordance with applicable laws and principles, but an adverse resolution of one or more uncertain tax positions in any period could have a material impact on the results of operations for that period.

If we are unable to implement and maintain effective internal controls over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports.

As a public company, we are required to maintain internal controls over financial reporting and to report any material weaknesses in such internal controls. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley Act”) requires that we evaluate and determine the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting and


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provide a management report on internal controls over financial reporting. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act also requires that our management report on internal controls over financial reporting be attested to by our independent registered public accounting firm.

We must continue to monitor and assess our internal control over financial reporting. If in the future we have any material weaknesses, we may not detect errors on a timely basis and our financial statements may be materially misstated. Additionally, if in the future we are unable to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in a timely manner, are unable to assert that our internal controls over financial reporting are effective, identify material weaknesses in our internal controls over financial reporting, or if our independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an opinion as to the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports and the market price of our common stock could be adversely affected, and we could become subject to investigations by the NYSE, the SEC, or other regulatory authorities, which could require additional financial and management resources.

We have broad discretion in the use of our cash balances and may not use them effectively.

We have broad discretion in the use of our cash balances and may not use them effectively. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could adversely affect our business and financial condition. Pending their use, we may invest our cash balances in a manner that does not produce income or that loses value. We are also subject to general economic conditions, including volatility in the financial markets, that can negatively affect our investment income or negatively impact the banking partners on which we rely for operating cash management. Our investments may not yield a favorable return to our investors and may negatively impact the price of our common stock. A loss on our investments may also negatively impact our liquidity, which in turn may hurt our ability to invest in our business.

Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property

We have been and may in the future be sued by third parties for alleged infringement of their proprietary rights or misappropriation of intellectual property, and we may suffer damages or other harm from such proceedings.

There is considerable patent and other intellectual property development activity in our industry. Our competitors, as well as a number of other entities and individuals, including so-called non-practicing entities, may own or claim to own intellectual property relating to our solutions. From time to time, third parties have claimed, and may in the future claim, that we are infringing upon their intellectual property rights or that we have misappropriated their intellectual property. For example, our competitors have asserted trade secret misappropriation claims against us in the past. We are also aware of a non-practicing entity alleging that we infringed its patents. As competition in our market grows and as we develop new technology products, the possibility of patent infringement and other intellectual property claims against us increases. In the future, we expect others to claim that our solutions and underlying technology infringe or violate their intellectual property rights. We may be unaware of the intellectual property rights that others may claim cover some or all of our technology or services. Such claims and litigation have caused and in the future could cause us to incur significant expenses and, if successfully asserted against us, could require that we pay substantial damages or ongoing royalty payments, prevent us from offering our services, or require that we comply with other unfavorable terms. We may also be obligated to indemnify our customers or business partners or pay substantial settlement costs, including royalty payments, in connection with any such claim or litigation and to obtain licenses, modify applications, or refund fees, which could be costly. Any litigation regarding our intellectual property could be costly and time-consuming and divert the attention of our management and key personnel from our business operations even if we were to ultimately prevail in such litigation.

Any failure to protect our intellectual property rights could impair our ability to protect our proprietary technology and our brand.

Our success and ability to compete depend in part upon our intellectual property. As of October 31, 2025, we have filed numerous domestic and foreign patent applications and have been issued 105 U.S. patents and 11 international patents. We also rely on copyright, trade secret and trademark laws, trade secret protection and confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, customers, partners, consultants and others to protect our intellectual property rights. However, the steps we take to protect our intellectual property rights may be inadequate and we may not be able to prevent the unauthorized disclosure or use of our technical knowledge, trade secrets or other confidential information. Further, if there is a breach or violation of the terms of our confidentiality agreements, we may not have adequate remedies.


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Our ability to enforce our patent rights is subject to significant risks and uncertainties. Competitors or other third parties may be able to circumvent or design around our patents. Furthermore, the validity, scope, and enforceability of our patents may be challenged in proceedings before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office’s Patent Trial and Appeal Board (“PTAB”), including through Inter Partes Review (“IPR”) and Post-Grant Review (“PGR”) proceedings, or in federal district court litigation. Moreover, we cannot provide assurance that our patent portfolio covers every significant feature of our solutions or that we will properly mark our products with all applicable patents.

In addition, in order to protect our intellectual property rights, we may also be required to spend significant resources to maintain, monitor and protect these rights. Litigation brought to defend, protect, and enforce our intellectual property rights could be costly, time-consuming and distracting to management and could result in the impairment or loss of portions of our intellectual property (for example, if an entity against which we have asserted an intellectual property claim is successful in attacking the validity of our intellectual property). A successful challenge to our patents or a failure to adequately protect or mark our intellectual property could prevent or limit our ability to seek injunctive relief or recover damages for infringement. Furthermore, negative publicity related to a decision by us to initiate such enforcement actions against a customer or former customer, regardless of its accuracy, may adversely impact our other customer relationships or prospective customer relationships, harm our brand and business and could cause the market price of our common stock to decline. Our failure to secure, protect and enforce our intellectual property rights could adversely affect our brand and our business.

Risks Related to Our Status as a Public Benefit Corporation, Our ESG Disclosures, and Ownership of Our Common Stock

Our status as a Delaware public benefit corporation may not result in the benefits that we anticipate, requires our directors to balance the interest of stockholders with other interests, and may subject us to legal uncertainty and other risks.

On February 1, 2021, after approval by our stockholders, we became a Delaware public benefit corporation (“PBC”). There are a very limited number of publicly traded PBCs, we are the first publicly traded company to convert to a PBC, and we are the largest publicly traded company, as measured by revenue or market capitalization, to operate as a PBC. As a PBC, we have unique legal obligations. We are required to adopt and include in our certificate of incorporation a public benefit purpose that is intended to have positive effects on a category of persons, entities or communities other than stockholder financial interest. Our public benefit purpose is to provide products and services that are intended to help make the industries we serve more productive, and to create high-quality employment opportunities in the communities in which we operate. Further, as a PBC, our Board is required to balance our stockholders' pecuniary (financial) interests, the best interests of those materially affected by our conduct, and pursuit of our public benefit purpose. We have identified those materially affected by our conduct (which we refer to as stakeholders) as including our customers, our employees, our partners, and the communities in which we operate.

We believe that operating as a PBC is beneficial to our business and consistent with the long-term interests of stockholders, but the benefits we anticipate from operating as a PBC may not materialize within the timeframe we expect or at all, or there may be negative effects. Further, we may be unable or slow to achieve the public benefits we have identified or we may make balancing determinations that are ultimately harmful to our business or to stockholders, which could adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition, and results of operations and cause our stock price to decline.

In the event of a conflict between the interests of our stockholders, our stakeholders, and our public benefit purpose, our directors must only make an informed and disinterested decision, and not such that no person of ordinary, sound judgment would approve. Our directors have significant latitude under this standard and there is no guarantee that a conflict would be resolved in favor of our stockholders. This balancing obligation may allow our directors to make decisions that they could not have made pursuant to the fiduciary duties applicable prior to our PBC conversion, and such decisions may not maximize short-term stockholder value. For instance, in a sale of control transaction, our board of directors would be required to consider and balance the factors listed above and might choose to accept an offer that does not maximize short-term stockholder value due to its consideration of other factors.

Further, there is limited legal precedent or guidance regarding how to administer our obligation to balance the interests of stockholders, stakeholders, and the pursuit of our public benefit purpose. While we expect that, in large part, traditional Delaware corporation law principles and the application of those principles in case law—including those related to self-dealing, conflicts of interest, and the application of the business judgment rule—will continue to apply with respect to Delaware PBCs, there is currently limited case law involving PBCs, which may create legal


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uncertainty or additional litigation risk until additional case law develops. Stockholders of a Delaware PBC (if they, individually or collectively, own at least the lesser of two percent of the company’s outstanding shares or shares with a market value of at least $2 million) may file suit to enforce the balancing obligation. Any such lawsuit might be a distraction to our management and board of directors, and could be costly, which may have an adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

As a PBC, we are required to disclose to stockholders a report at least biennially that includes our assessment of our success in achieving our specific public benefit purpose, and we have committed to providing this report annually and making it publicly available. If we are not timely or are unable to provide this report, or if the report is not viewed favorably, our reputation and status as a PBC may be harmed.

While we do not view the additional reporting obligations of a PBC to be onerous, Delaware’s PBC statute may be amended in the future to require more explicit or burdensome periodic reporting requirements and that could increase our expenses. In addition, if the public perceives that we are not successful in our public benefit purpose, or that our pursuit of our public benefit purpose is having a negative effect on the financial interests of our stockholders, that perception could negatively affect our reputation, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Evolving expectations and disclosure requirements related to environmental, social and governance matters expose us to risks that could adversely affect our reputation and performance.

The positions we take on environmental, social, and corporate governance (“ESG”) matters may impact our brand and reputation, our ability to attract or retain customers, or our relationships with our employees, stockholders, and other stakeholders. These positions or a failure or perceived failure to meet certain stated ESG commitments could adversely affect our reputation, financial performance, and growth, and expose us to increased scrutiny from the investment community as well as enforcement authorities.

Standards for tracking and reporting ESG matters continue to evolve on a state, national, and international level. Our processes and controls may not comply with evolving standards for identifying, measuring, and reporting ESG metrics. Furthermore, various regulations may differ from each other, making universal compliance challenging as a multinational company, and increasing regulatory requirements and regulatory scrutiny related to ESG matters may result in higher compliance costs for us. Our failure or perceived failure to satisfy various reporting standards on a timely basis, or at all, could have similar negative impacts or expose us to government enforcement actions and private litigation.

Our common stock price has been and will likely continue to be volatile.

The trading price of our common stock has been, and will likely continue to be, volatile for the foreseeable future. In addition, the trading prices of the securities of technology companies have been highly volatile. Accordingly, the market price of our common stock is likely to be subject to wide fluctuations in response to numerous factors, many of which are beyond our control. Uncertain macroeconomic and geopolitical factors, including as a result of changes in trade policies and practices (including the imposition of tariffs), worldwide inflationary pressures, currency exchange fluctuations, changes in interest rates, or other economic policies, geopolitical conflicts (like the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the regional conflict in the Middle East), and concerns about a possible domestic or global recession have led to volatility in the stock market. As a result, our stock price has changed significantly in recent periods, and we expect the trading price of our common stock will likely continue to be volatile for the foreseeable future. In addition to those risks described in this “Risk Factors” section, other factors have in the past and could in the future impact the value of our common stock, including:

•fluctuations in the valuation of companies perceived by investors to be comparable to us, such as high-growth or cloud companies, or in valuation metrics, such as our price to revenues ratio;

•overall performance of the stock market;

•changes in our financial, operating or other metrics, regardless of whether we consider those metrics as reflective of the current state or long-term prospects of our business, and how those results compare to securities analyst expectations, including whether those results fail to meet, exceed, or significantly exceed securities analyst expectations;

•changes in the forward-looking estimates of our financial, operating, or other metrics, how those estimates compare to securities analyst expectations, or changes in recommendations by securities analysts that follow our common stock;


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•announcements of customer additions and customer cancellations or delays in customer purchases;

•the net increase in the number of customers, either independently or as compared to published expectations of industry, financial or other analysts that cover us;

•announcements by us or by our competitors of technological innovations, new solutions, enhancements to services, strategic alliances or significant agreements;

•announcements by us or by our competitors of mergers or other strategic acquisitions or rumors of such transactions;

•the economy as a whole and market conditions within our industry and the industries of our customers, including economic and regulatory uncertainty;

•macroeconomic and geopolitical factors and instability and volatility in the global financial markets;

•future monetary policy changes in the United States and globally;

•factors that impact the life sciences industry (including government funding and staffing of relevant agencies and research, drug pricing regulation, healthcare funding and eligibility reforms, or other regulatory or policy changes);

•the operating performance and market value of other comparable companies;

•securities or industry analysts downgrading our common stock or publishing inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business;

•trading activity by directors, executive officers (in particular our Chief Executive Officer who holds a significant portion of our outstanding common stock and a significant number of vested options), and other significant stockholders, or the perception in the market that the holders of a large number of shares intend to sell their shares;

•issuances of shares of common stock in connection with our equity compensation plan, acquisitions, financings, and exercises of stock options resulting in dilution to our existing stockholders; and

•any other factors discussed herein.

In addition, if the market for technology stocks or the stock market in general experiences uneven investor confidence, the market price of our common stock could decline for reasons unrelated to our business, operating results or financial condition. The market price of our common stock might also decline in reaction to events that affect other companies within, or outside, our industry even if these events do not directly affect us. Some companies that have experienced volatility in the trading price of their stock have been the subject of securities class action litigation. If we are the subject of such litigation, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of our management’s attention and resources.

We do not intend to pay dividends on our capital stock for the foreseeable future, so any returns will be limited to changes in the value of our common stock.

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently anticipate that we will retain future earnings for the development, operation, and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. In addition, our ability to pay cash dividends on our capital stock may be prohibited or limited by the terms of any future debt financing arrangement. Any return to stockholders will therefore be limited to the increase, if any, of the price of our common stock.

Provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law might discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company or changes in our management and, therefore, depress the market price of our common stock.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could depress the market price of our common stock by acting to discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control of our company or changes in our management that the stockholders of our company may deem advantageous. These provisions among other things:

•permit our board of directors to establish the number of directors;

•provide that directors may only be removed with the approval of 66-2/3% of our stockholders;


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•require super-majority voting to amend some provisions in our restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws;

•authorize the issuance of “blank check” preferred stock that our board of directors could use to implement a stockholder rights plan;

•require our board of directors to consider and balance our stockholders’ pecuniary (financial) interests, the best interests of those materially affected by our conduct, and the pursuit of our public benefit purpose, which may, in turn, allow our board of directors to make a decision about a change of control transaction that does not maximize short-term stockholder value;

•prohibit stockholder action by written consent, which requires all stockholder actions to be taken at a meeting of our stockholders;

•provide that the board of directors is expressly authorized to make, alter, or repeal our amended and restated bylaws; and

•establish advance notice requirements for nominations for election to our board of directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at annual stockholder meetings.

In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law may discourage, delay, or prevent a change in control of our company. Section 203 imposes certain restrictions on merger, business combinations, and other transactions between us and holders of 15% or more of our common stock.

Our bylaws provide for exclusive forums for certain disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or employees.

Our bylaws provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty, any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law or any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Our bylaws also provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States shall be the sole and exclusive forum for any action asserting a claim arising pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, such a provision known as a “Federal Forum Provision.” Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in our shares of capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to these provisions.

These choice of forum provisions may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, or other employees and may discourage these types of lawsuits. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, operating results, and financial condition.


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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

a)Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

b)Use of Proceeds from Public Offerings of Common Stock

None.

c)Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans

The following table sets forth the material terms of all “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements” (as such term is defined under Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K) adopted or terminated by our Section 16 officers and directors during the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2025:

Name and Title

Action
(Adoption / Termination)

Adoption / Termination Date

Aggregate Number of Shares of Common Stock to be Sold (1)

Expiration Date (2)

Tom Schwenger

President and Chief Customer Officer

Adoption

10/14/2025

79,404

1/13/2027

(1) This number represents the maximum number of shares of common stock that may be sold pursuant to the trading plan. The number of shares actually sold will depend on the satisfaction of certain conditions as set forth in the plan.

(2) In each case, the trading plan may expire on an earlier date if and when all transactions thereunder are completed.

Except as set forth above, none of our Section 16 officers or directors adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as such terms are defined under Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K) during the fiscal quarter ended October 31, 2025.


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Item 6. EXHIBITS.

Exhibits

Exhibit
Number

Exhibit Description

Incorporated by Reference

Filed
Herewith

Form

File No.

Exhibit

Filing Date

3.1

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Veeva Systems Inc.

8-K

001-36121

3.1

6/14/2024

3.2

Certificate of Retirement of Class B Common Stock of Veeva Systems Inc.

8-K

001-36121

3.1

10/16/2023

3.3

Amended and Restated Bylaws of Veeva Systems Inc.

8-K

001-36121

3.1

6/23/2023

31.1

Certification of Principal Executive Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

31.2

Certification of Principal Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

32.1†

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. §1350.

32.2†

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. §1350.

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Schema Linkbase Document.

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Labels Linkbase Document.

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document.

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page interactive data is embedded within the Inline XBRL document or included within the Exhibit 101 attachments

† The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 and 32.2 that accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of Veeva Systems Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.


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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.


		Veeva Systems Inc.

Dated:	November 21, 2025	By:	/s/ BRIAN VAN WAGENER
			Brian Van Wagener Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

Dated:	November 21, 2025	By:	/s/ KRISTINE DIAMOND
			Kristine Diamond Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)


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VEEVA SYSTEMS INC 10-Q