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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(MARK ONE)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2025

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 001-39975

JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Cayman Islands

98-1564586

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

2340 Collins Avenue

Miami Beach, FL 33139

(Address of principal executive offices)

(305) 695-5500

(Issuer’s telephone number)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Units, each consisting of one Class A ordinary Share, $0.0001 par value, and one-fourth of one redeemable warrant	JWSMUF	OTC Pink Open Market
Class A ordinary Shares included as part of the units	JWSMF	OTC Pink Open Market
Redeemable warrants included as part of the units, each whole warrant exercisable for one Class A ordinary Share at an exercise price of $11.50	JWSMWF	OTC Pink Open Market

Check whether the issuer (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☒ No ☐

As of May 15, 2025, 25,589,480 Class A ordinary shares, $0.0001 par value and 375,000 Class B ordinary shares, $0.0001 par value were issued and outstanding.

Table of Contents

JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2025

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page

Part I. Financial Information		1

Item 1.	Condensed Interim Financial Statements	1

	Condensed Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2025 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2024	1

	Unaudited Condensed Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	2

	Unaudited Condensed Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Deficit for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	3

	Unaudited Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024	4

	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements	5

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	22

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	27

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	27

Part II. Other Information		28

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	28

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	28

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	28

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	28

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	28

Item 5.	Other Information	28

Item 6.	Exhibits	29

Part III. Signature		30

Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Interim Financial Statements.

JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS


	March 31, 2025
	(Unaudited)		December 31, 2024
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash	$	153,305	$	319,207
Prepaid expenses		14,732		18,910
Total Current Assets		168,037		338,117

Cash held in Trust Account		1,042,177		1,035,353
TOTAL ASSETS	$	1,210,214	$	1,373,470

LIABILITIES, CLASS A ORDINARY SHARES SUBJECT TO POSSIBLE REDEMPTION AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Current liabilities:
Accrued expenses	$	1,363,620	$	1,391,149
Advance from related parties		1,485,000		1,485,000
Total Current Liabilities		2,848,620		2,876,149

Promissory notes - related party		1,400,000		1,400,000
Working capital loan - related party		500,000		500,000
Warrant liabilities		1,489,000		1,116,750
Total Liabilities		6,237,620		5,892,899

Commitments and Contingencies
Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, 89,480 shares at approximately $11.65 and $11.57 per share redemption value as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		1,042,177		1,035,353

Shareholders’ Deficit
Preference shares, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024		—		—
Class A non-redeemable ordinary shares, $0.0001 par value; 600,000,000 shares authorized; 25,500,000 and 25,500,000 issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		2,550		2,550
Class B ordinary shares, $0.0001 par value; 60,000,000 shares authorized; 375,000 and 375,000 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		38		38
Additional paid-in capital		—		—
Accumulated deficit		(6,072,171)		(5,557,370)
Total Shareholders’ Deficit		(6,069,583)		(5,554,782)
TOTAL LIABILITIES, CLASS A ORDINARY SHARES SUBJECT TO POSSIBLE REDEMPTION AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT	$	1,210,214	$	1,373,470

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

Table of Contents

JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2025		2024
General and administrative expenses	$	142,551	$	633,880
Loss from operations		(142,551)		(633,880)

Other expense:
Interest earned on cash and investments held in Trust Account		6,824		174,476
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		(372,250)		(6,700,500)
Total other expense		(365,426)		(6,526,024)

Net loss	$	(507,977)	$	(7,159,904)

Weighted average shares outstanding of Class A ordinary shares redeemable shares		89,480		1,658,530
Basic and diluted net loss per share, Class A ordinary shares redeemable shares	$	(0.02)	$	(0.26)
Weighted average shares outstanding of Class A and Class B ordinary shares non-redeemable shares		25,875,000		25,875,000
Basic and diluted net loss per share, Class A and Class B ordinary shares non-redeemable shares	$	(0.02)	$	(0.26)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

Table of Contents

JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2025


	Class A			Class B			Additional				Total
	Ordinary Shares			Ordinary Shares			Paid-in		Accumulated		Shareholders’
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Deficit
Balance — December 31, 2024	25,500,000	$	2,550	375,000	$	38	$	—	$	(5,557,370)	$	(5,554,782)

Accretion for Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption	—		—	—		—		—		(6,824)		(6,824)

Net loss	—		—	—		—		—		(507,977)		(507,977)

Balance — March 31, 2025 (Unaudited)	25,500,000	$	2,550	375,000	$	38	$	—	$	(6,072,171)	$	(6,069,583)

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024


	Class A			Class B			Additional				Total
	Ordinary Shares			Ordinary Shares			Paid-in		Accumulated		Shareholders’
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Deficit
Balance — December 31, 2023	—	$	—	25,875,000	$	2,588	$	—	$	(6,434,838)	$	(6,432,250)

Accretion for Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption	—		—	—		—		—		(224,477)		(224,477)

Transfer of Class B ordinary shares to Class A ordinary shares	25,500,000		2,550	(25,500,000)		(2,550)		—		—		—

Net loss	—		—	—		—		—		(7,159,904)		(7,159,904)

Balance — March 31, 2025 (unaudited)	25,500,000	$	2,550	375,000	$	38	$	—	$	(13,819,219)	$	(13,816,631)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

Table of Contents

JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2025		2024
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net loss	$	(507,977)	$	(7,159,904)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities		372,250		6,700,500
Interest earned on cash and investments held in Trust Account		(6,824)		(174,476)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses		4,178		(86,924)
Accrued expenses		(27,529)		483,157
Net cash used in operating activities		(165,902)		(237,647)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Investment of cash into Trust Account		—		(50,000)
Cash withdrawn from Trust Account in connection with redemption		—		7,662,572
Net cash provided by investing activities		—		7,612,572

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from promissory notes - related party		—		360,000
Redemption of ordinary shares		—		(7,662,572)
Net cash used in financing activities		—		(7,302,572)

Net Change in Cash		(165,902)		72,353
Cash - Beginning of the period		319,207		178,119
Cash - End of the period	$	153,305	$	250,472

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MarCH 31, 2025

NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS

Jaws Mustang Acquisition Corporation (the “Company”) is a blank check company incorporated as a Cayman Islands exempted company on October 19, 2020. The Company was incorporated for the purpose of effecting a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses or entities that the Company identifies (a “Business Combination”).

The Company is not limited to a particular industry or sector for purposes of consummating a Business Combination.

As of March 31, 2025, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activity through March 31, 2025 relates to the Company’s formation, the initial public offering (“IPO”), which is described below, and subsequent to the IPO, identifying a target company for a Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of a Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates non-operating income in the form of interest income from the proceeds derived from the IPO.

The registration statement for the Company’s IPO was declared effective on February 1, 2021. On February 4, 2021, the Company consummated the IPO of 103,500,000 units (the “Units” and, with respect to the Class A ordinary shares included in the Units sold, the “Public Shares”), which includes the full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option in the amount of 13,500,000 Units, at $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $1,035,000,000, which is described in Note 3.

Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, the Company consummated the sale of 11,350,000 warrants (the “Private Placement Warrants”) at a price of $2.00 per Private Placement Warrant in a private placement to Mustang Sponsor LLC (the “Sponsor”), generating gross proceeds of $22,700,000, which is described in Note 4.

Transaction costs amounted to $57,010,008, consisting of $19,800,000 of underwriting fees, net of $900,000 reimbursed from the underwriters, $36,225,000 of deferred underwriting fees (see Note 6) and $985,008 of other offering costs.

Following the closing of the IPO on February 4, 2021, an amount of $1,035,000,000 ($10.00 per Unit) from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the IPO and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants was placed in a Trust Account (“Trust Account”) and was invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act, with a maturity of 185 days or less, or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund investing solely in U.S. Treasuries and meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), as determined by the Company, until the earlier of (i) the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) the distribution of the funds in the Trust Account to the Company’s shareholders, as described below.

The Company’s management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of the IPO and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be applied generally toward consummating a Business Combination. The stock exchange listing rules require that the Business Combination must be with one or more operating businesses or assets with a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the assets held in the Trust Account (excluding the amount of deferred underwriting commissions and taxes payable on the income earned on the Trust Account). The Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-Business Combination company owns or acquires 50% or more of the issued and outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target business sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).

The Company will provide the holders of the public shares (the “Public Shareholders”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the completion of the Business Combination, either (i) in connection with a general meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek shareholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The Public Shareholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, calculated as of two business days prior to the consummation of the Business Combination (initially $10.00 per Public Share), including interest (which interest shall be net of taxes payable), divided by the number of then issued and outstanding public shares, subject to certain limitations as described in the prospectus related to the IPO. There will be no redemption rights upon the completion of a Business Combination with respect to the Company’s warrants.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

The Company will proceed with a Business Combination only if the Company seeks shareholder approval and receives an ordinary resolution under Cayman Islands law approving a Business Combination, which requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shareholders who attend and vote at a general meeting of the Company. If a shareholder vote is not required and the Company does not decide to hold a shareholder vote for business or other reasons, the Company will, pursuant to the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (the “Memorandum and Articles of Association”), conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), and file tender offer documents containing substantially the same information as would be included in a proxy statement with the SEC prior to completing a Business Combination. If the Company seeks shareholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor has agreed to vote its Founder Shares (as defined in Note 5) and any Public Shares purchased during or after the IPO in favor of approving a Business Combination. Additionally, each Public Shareholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares, without voting, and if they do vote, irrespective of whether they vote for or against a proposed Business Combination.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Company seeks shareholder approval of the Business Combination and the Company does not conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules, a Public Shareholder, together with any affiliate of such shareholder or any other person with whom such shareholder is acting in concert or as a “group” (as defined under Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), will be restricted from redeeming its shares with respect to more than an aggregate of 15% of the Public Shares without the Company’s prior written consent.

The Sponsor has agreed (a) to waive its redemption rights with respect to any Founder Shares and Public Shares held by it in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (b) not to propose an amendment to the Memorandum and Articles of Association (i) to modify the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to provide holders of Class A ordinary shares the right to have their shares redeemed in connection with a Business Combination or to redeem 100% of the Company’s Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination by September 4, 2024 or (ii) with respect to any other provision relating to shareholders’ rights or pre-initial Business Combination activity, unless the Company provides the Public Shareholders with the opportunity to redeem their Public Shares upon approval of any such amendment at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned on the Trust Account and not previously released to pay taxes, divided by the number of then issued and outstanding Public Shares.

The Company initially had until February 4, 2023 to consummate a Business Combination. On February 1, 2023, the Company held an extension meeting where the deadline to complete a Business Combination (the “Termination Date”) was extended from February 4, 2023 to February 4, 2024. In connection with the extension vote 101,396,386 Class A ordinary shares were redeemed for an aggregate redemption amount of $1,032,028,964. On February 2, 2024, the Company held and extension meeting where the deadline to complete a Business Combination was extended from February 4, 2024 to March 4, 2024 (the “Extension Period”) and without shareholder vote allows the Company to extend the Extension Period up to eleven times by an additional month each time accompanied by a deposit into the Trust Account in the amount of $25,000. In connection with the extension vote, 698,321 Class A ordinary shares were redeemed for an aggregate redemption amount of $7,662,572. On February 6, 2024, the Sponsor converted an aggregate of 25,500,000 Class B ordinary shares into Class A ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis. The Sponsor waived any right to receive funds from the Trust Account with respect to the Class A ordinary shares received upon such conversion and acknowledged that such shares will be subject to all of the restrictions applicable to the original Class B ordinary shares under the terms of the Letter Agreement, dated February 1, 2021, among the Company, the Sponsor, and the Company’s officers and directors (the “Insider Letter”). Accordingly, the initial shareholders currently own, on an as-converted basis, approximately 25,500,000 of the outstanding Class A ordinary shares. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 25,589,480 Class A ordinary shares and 375,000 Class B ordinary shares of the Company outstanding. Following such redemptions and conversions, the Sponsor owned, on an as-converted basis, approximately 99.6% of the outstanding ordinary shares.

The board approved 9 draws of $25,000 for an aggregate of $225,000 (the “Extension Funds”) pursuant to the March 2024 Note (as defined below) and the October 2024 Note (as defined below), which are Extension Funds the Company subsequently deposited into the Company’s Trust Account for its public stockholders. These deposits enabled the Company to extend the date by which it must complete its initial business combination from March 4, 2024 to December 4, 2024, (the “Extensions”). The Extensions are the first nine of eleven one-month extensions permitted under the Memorandum and Articles of Association and provide the Company with additional time to complete its initial business combination.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

On November 26, 2024, the Company held an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders (A) to amend, by way of special resolution, the Company’s amended and restated memorandum and articles of association to extend the date termination date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from December 4, 2024 to January 4, 2025 (the “Charter Extension Date”) and to allow the Company, without another shareholder vote, to elect to extend the Termination Date to consummate a business combination on a monthly basis for up to twenty-three times by an additional one month each time after the Charter Extension Date, by resolution of the Company’s board of directors, if requested by the Sponsor, and upon five days’ advance notice prior to the applicable Termination Date, until December 4, 2026, or a total of up to twenty-three months after the Charter Extension Date, unless the closing of a business combination shall have occurred prior thereto (the “Extension Amendment Proposal”). In connection with the vote to approve the Extension Amendment Proposal, the holders of 1,315,813 Class A Ordinary Shares properly exercised their right to redeem their shares for cash at a redemption price of approximately $11.48 per share, for an aggregate redemption amount of approximately $15,111,008.

Following the extraordinary general meeting, the Termination Date was extended five times on a monthly basis until June 4, 2025.

If the Company has not completed a Business Combination by June 4, 2025 (or up to December 4, 2026, assuming all extensions are exercised) (the “Combination Period”), the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem 100% of the Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned and not previously released to the Company to pay its taxes, if any (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then issued and outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish the rights of the Public Shareholders as shareholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining Public Shareholders and its Board of Directors, liquidate and dissolve, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Cayman Islands law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. There will be no redemption rights or liquidating distributions with respect to the Company’s warrants, which will expire worthless if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period.

The Sponsor has agreed to waive its rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to the Founder Shares it will receive if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. However, if the Sponsor or any of its respective affiliates acquire Public Shares, such Public Shares will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. The underwriters have agreed to waive their rights to their deferred underwriting commission (see Note 6) held in the Trust Account in the event the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, and in such event, such amounts will be included with the other funds held in the Trust Account that will be available to fund the redemption of the Public Shares. In the event of such distribution, it is possible that the per share value of the assets remaining available for distribution will be less than the IPO price per Unit ($10.00).

In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, the Sponsor has agreed that it will be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a third party (other than the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm) for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below the lesser of (1) $10.00 per Public Share and (2) the actual amount per Public Share held in the Trust Account as of the date of the liquidation of the Trust Account, if less than $10.00 per Public Share, due to reductions in the value of trust assets, in each case net of the interest that may be withdrawn to pay taxes. This liability will not apply to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account and as to any claims under the Company’s indemnity of the underwriters of the IPO against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). In the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims. The Company will seek to reduce the possibility that the Sponsor will have to indemnify the Trust Account due to claims of creditors by endeavoring to have all vendors, service providers (other than the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm), prospective target businesses or other entities with which the Company does business, execute agreements with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to monies held in the Trust Account.

The Company expects to continue to incur significant costs in the pursuit of its acquisition plans. The Company cannot assure you that its plans to complete a Business Combination will be successful.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

Liquidity and Going Concern

As of March 31, 2025, the Company had operating cash of $153,305 and a working capital deficit of $2,680,583. The Company intends to use the funds held outside the Trust Account primarily to identify and evaluate target businesses, perform business due diligence on prospective target businesses, travel to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses or their representatives or owners, review corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, and structure, negotiate and complete a Business Combination.

In order to fund working capital deficiencies or finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor, or certain of the Company’s officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as may be required. If the Company completes a Business Combination, the Company would repay such loaned amounts. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of the working capital held outside the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from the Company’s Trust Account would be used for such repayment. Up to $1,500,000 of such loans may be convertible into warrants at a price of $2.00 per warrant, at the option of the lender. The warrants would be identical to the Private Placement Warrants. On January 19, 2023, the Company issued a convertible promissory note (the “working capital loan – related party”) in the principal amount of up to $500,000 to the Sponsor. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was $500,000 outstanding under this working capital loan – related party and no amounts available for withdrawal.

On August 8, 2023, the Company issued a promissory note (the “August 2023 Note”) to the Sponsor. The August 2023 Note provides up to $500,000 for withdrawal and does not incur interest. The August 2023 Note is due upon the earlier of the closing of a Business Combination or wind up. The Company borrowed the full $500,000 on August 8, 2023 and no further borrowings are available under the August 2023 Note as of March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were amounts of $500,000 and $500,000 outstanding under the August 2023 Note, respectively.

On March 13, 2024, the Company issued a promissory note to the Sponsor (the “March 2024 Note”). The March 2024 Note provides up to $500,000 for withdrawal and does not incur interest. The Company borrowed $125,000 on March 14, 2024 and an additional $235,000 on March 28, 2024. The March 2024 Note is due upon the earlier of the closing of a business combination or wind up. On April 15, 2024, the Sponsor assigned the March 2024 Note, and all of its right, title, interest in and obligation under the March 2024 Note, to Starwood Capital Group Management, L.L.C. The Company borrowed an additional $140,000 on July 22, 2024. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were amounts of $500,000 and $500,000 outstanding under the March 2024 Note, respectively.

On October 31, 2024, the Company issued a promissory note to Starwood Capital Group Management, L.L.C, in the principal amount of $400,000 (the “October 2024 Note”). The October 2024 Note is non-interest bearing and due upon the completion of a business combination. In the event that the Company does not consummate a Business Combination, the October 2024 Note will be repaid only from funds held outside of the Trust Account or will be forfeited, eliminated or otherwise forgiven. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were amounts of $400,000 and $400,000 outstanding under the October 2024 Note, respectively.

If the Business Combination is not consummated, the Company will need to raise additional capital through loans or additional investments from its Sponsor, shareholders, officers, directors, or third parties. The Company’s officers, directors and the Sponsor may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds, from time to time or at any time, in whatever amount they deem reasonable in their sole discretion, to meet the Company’s working capital needs. Accordingly, the Company may not be able to obtain additional financing. If the Company is unable to raise additional capital, it may be required to take additional measures to conserve liquidity, which could include, but not necessarily be limited to, curtailing operations, suspending the pursuit of a potential transaction, and reducing overhead expenses. The Company cannot provide any assurance that new financing will be available to it on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern through one year from the date of these unaudited condensed financial statements if a Business Combination is not consummated. These unaudited condensed financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recovery of the recorded assets or the classification of the liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 205-40 “Going Concern,” the Company has until by December 4, 2026, assuming all extensions are exercised, to consummate a Business Combination. It is uncertain that the Company will be able to consummate a Business Combination by this time. If a Business Combination is not consummated by this date, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution of the Company. Management has determined that the liquidity condition raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. No adjustments have been made to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities should the Company be required to liquidate after December 4, 2026. Management intends to complete a Business Combination prior to the mandatory liquidation date.

NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the accounting and disclosure rules and regulations of the SEC. Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results and cash flows for the periods presented.

The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 26, 2025. The interim results for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025 or for any future periods.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of unaudited condensed financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. One of the more significant accounting estimates included in these unaudited condensed financial statements is the determination of the fair value of the warrant liability. Such estimates may be subject to change as more current information becomes available and, accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Cash Held in Trust Account

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, all of the assets held in the Trust Account were cash.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

Offering Costs

Offering costs consisted of legal, accounting, underwriting fees and other costs incurred through the IPO that were directly related to the IPO. Offering costs were allocated on a relative fair value basis between shareholders’ equity (deficit) and expense. The portion of offering costs allocated to the Public Warrants has been charged to expense. The portion of offering costs allocated to the public shares has been charged to temporary equity. Upon completion of the IPO on February 1, 2021, offering costs totaled $57,010,008 (consisting of $19,800,000 of underwriting fees, net of $900,000 reimbursed from the underwriters, $36,225,000 of deferred underwriting fees and $985,008 of other offering costs), of which $1,234,321 was charged to the audited statements of operations upon the completion of the IPO and $55,775,687 was charged to temporary equity and accreted to additional paid-in capital (to the extent available) and shareholders’ deficit.

Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption

The Company accounts for its ordinary shares subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Ordinary shares subject to mandatory redemption are classified as a liability instrument and are measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable ordinary shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, ordinary shares are classified as shareholders’ equity (deficit). The Company’s Class A ordinary shares feature certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption are presented as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ deficit section of the Company’s unaudited condensed balance sheets.

The Company recognizes changes in redemption value immediately as they occur and adjusts the carrying value of redeemable ordinary shares to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. Increases or decreases in the carrying amount of the redeemable ordinary shares are affected by charges against additional paid-in capital (to the extent available) and accumulated deficit.

In connection with the February 1, 2023 extension vote, 101,396,386 Class A ordinary shares were redeemed for an aggregate redemption amount of $1,032,028,964, as reflected in the below table.

In connection with the February 2, 2024 extension vote, 698,321 Class A ordinary shares were redeemed at a redemption price of approximately $10.97 per share, for an aggregate redemption amount of $7,662,572.

In connection with November 26, 2024 extension vote, 1,315,813 Class A ordinary shares were redeemed at a redemption price of approximately $11.48 per share, for an aggregate redemption amount of approximately $15,111,008.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Class A ordinary shares reflected in the condensed balance sheets are reconciled in the following table:


Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2022	$	1,050,320,264
Less:
Redemptions		(1,032,028,964)
Decrease in redemption value of Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption		(30,733,336)
Plus:
Waiver of deferred underwriting fee payable allocated to ordinary shares		35,446,182
Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2023		23,004,146
Less:
Redemptions		(22,773,579)
Plus:
Increase in redemption value of Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption		804,786
Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, December 31, 2024	$	1,035,353
Plus:
Increase in redemption value of Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption		6,824
Class A ordinary shares subject to possible redemption, March 31, 2025	$	1,042,177

Warrant Liabilities

As disclosed in Note 3, pursuant to the IPO, the Company sold 103,500,000 Units, at a purchase price of $10.00 per Unit. Each Unit consists of one Class A ordinary share and one-fourth of one redeemable warrant (“Public Warrant”), equating to 25,875,000 Public Warrants issued. Each whole Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one Class A ordinary share at an exercise price of $11.50 per whole share (see Note 9). Simultaneously with the closing of its IPO, the Company consummated the sale of 11,350,000 Private Placement Warrants at a price of $2.00 per warrant in a private placement to the Sponsor. Each Private Placement Warrant is exercisable to purchase one Class A ordinary share at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment (see Note 9).

The Public Warrants will become exercisable on the later of (a) 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination and (b) 12 months from the closing of the IPO. The Public Warrants will expire five years after the completion of a Business Combination or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. The Private Placement Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants, except that so long as the Private Placement Warrants are held by the Sponsor or any of its Permitted Transferees, the Private Placement Warrants (i) may be exercised for cash or on a “cashless basis”, (ii) may not be transferred, assigned or sold until thirty (30) days after the completion by the Company of an initial Business Combination, (iii) shall not be redeemable by the Company when the Class A ordinary shares equal or exceeds $18.00, and (iv) shall only be redeemable by the Company when the Class A ordinary shares are less than $18.00 per share, subject to certain adjustments (see Note 9).

The Company evaluated the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants and concluded that they do not meet the criteria to be classified as shareholders’ equity (deficit) in accordance with ASC 815-40, “Derivatives and Hedging–Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity”. Specifically, the warrant agreement allows for the exercise of the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants to be settled in cash upon a tender offer where the maker of the offer owns beneficially more than 50% of the Class A shares following the tender offer. This provision precludes the warrants from being classified as shareholders’ equity (deficit) as not all of the Company’s shareholders need to participate in such a tender offer to trigger the potential cash settlement. As the Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants also meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815, upon completion of the IPO, the Company recorded these warrants as liabilities on its unaudited condensed balance sheets, with subsequent changes in their respective fair values recognized in the unaudited condensed statements of operations at each reporting date. In accordance with ASC 825-10, “Financial Instruments”, the Company has concluded that a portion of the transaction costs, which is directly related to the IPO and Private Placement, would be allocated to the warrants based on their relative fair value against total proceeds, and recognized as transaction costs in the unaudited condensed statements of operations.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company’s management determined that the Cayman Islands is the Company’s major tax jurisdiction. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.

The Company is considered to be an exempted Cayman Islands company with no connection to any other taxable jurisdiction and is presently not subject to income taxes or income tax filing requirements in the Cayman Islands or the United States. As such, the Company’s tax provision was zero for the periods presented.

Net Loss per Ordinary Share

The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share”. Net loss per ordinary share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding for the period. This presentation contemplates a Business Combination as the most likely outcome, in which case, both classes of shares share pro rata in the net loss of the Company. Accretion associated with the redeemable shares of Class A ordinary shares is excluded from earnings per share as the redemption value approximates fair value.

The calculation of diluted net loss per ordinary share does not consider the effect of the warrants issued in connection with (i) the IPO, and (ii) the private placement since the exercise of the warrants is contingent upon the occurrence of future events. The warrants are exercisable to purchase 37,225,000 Class A ordinary shares in the aggregate. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company did not have any other dilutive securities or other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into ordinary shares and then share in the earnings of the Company. As a result, diluted net loss per ordinary share is the same as basic net loss per ordinary share for the periods presented.

The following table reflects the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025				2024
	Class A		Class A and Class B		Class A		Class A and Class B
	Redeemable		Non-Redeemable		Redeemable		Non-Redeemable
Numerator:
Allocation of net loss	$	(1,751)	$	(506,226)	$	(431,289)	$	(6,728,615)
Denominator:
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding		89,480		25,875,000		1,658,530		25,875,000
Basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share	$	(0.02)	$	(0.02)	$	(0.26)	$	(0.26)

Risks and Uncertainties

The impact of current conflicts around the globe, including Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the Israel - Hamas war, and related sanctions, on the world economy is not determinable as of the date of these unaudited condensed financial statements, and the specific impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows is also not determinable as of the date of these unaudited condensed financial statements.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution, which, at times may exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation coverage limit of $250,000. Any loss incurred or a lack of access to such funds could have a significant adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, result of operations and cash flows.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying unaudited condensed balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature, other than the warrant liabilities (see Note 10).

Recent Accounting Standards

Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed financial statements.

NOTE 3. INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING

Pursuant to the IPO, the Company sold 103,500,000 Units, which includes a full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option in the amount of 13,500,000 Units, at a purchase price of $10.00 per Unit. Each Unit consists of one Class A ordinary share and one-fourth of one Public Warrant. Each whole Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one Class A ordinary share at an exercise price of $11.50 per whole share (see Note 9).

NOTE 4. PRIVATE PLACEMENT

Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, the Sponsor purchased an aggregate of 11,350,000 Private Placement Warrants at a price of $2.00 per Private Placement Warrant for an aggregate purchase price of $22,700,000 in a private placement. Each Private Placement Warrant is exercisable to purchase one Class A ordinary share at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment (see Note 9). A portion of the proceeds from the Private Placement Warrants was added to the proceeds from the IPO held in the Trust Account. If the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the proceeds from the sale of the Private Placement Warrants will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law) and the Private Placement Warrants will expire worthless.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

NOTE 5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Founder Shares

As of October 23, 2020, the Sponsor paid $25,000 to cover certain offering and formation costs of the Company in consideration for 8,625,000 Class B ordinary shares (the “Founder Shares”). On October 28, 2020, the Company effected a share dividend of 8,625,000 shares, and on January 13, 2021 and February 1, 2021, the Company effected share dividends of 4,312,500 shares each, resulting in there being an aggregate of 25,875,000 Founder Shares outstanding. The Founder Shares included an aggregate of up to 3,375,000 shares that are subject to forfeiture depending on the extent to which the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised, so that the number of Founder Shares will equal, on an as-converted basis, 20% of the Company’s issued and outstanding ordinary shares after the IPO. As a result of the underwriters’ election to fully exercise their over-allotment option on February 4, 2021, no Founder Shares are currently subject to forfeiture.

The Sponsor has agreed, subject to limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of the Founder Shares until the earliest of (A) one year after the completion of a Business Combination and (B) subsequent to a Business Combination, (x) if the closing price of the Class A ordinary shares equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing at least 150 days after a Business Combination, or (y) the date on which the Company completes a liquidation, merger, share exchange or other similar transaction that results in all of the Public Shareholders having the right to exchange their Class A ordinary shares for cash, securities or other property.

On February 6, 2024, the Sponsor converted an aggregate of 25,500,000 Class B ordinary shares into Class A ordinary shares on a one-for-one basis. The Sponsor waived any right to receive funds from the Trust Account with respect to the Class A ordinary shares received upon such conversion and acknowledged that such shares will be subject to all of the restrictions applicable to the original Class B ordinary shares under the terms of the Insider Letter. Accordingly, the initial shareholders currently own, on an as-converted basis, approximately 25,500,000 of the outstanding Class A ordinary shares.

Administrative Services Agreement

The Company entered into an agreement, commencing on February 1, 2021 through the earlier of the consummation of a Business Combination and the Company’s liquidation, to pay an affiliate of the Sponsor a monthly fee of $10,000 for office space, secretarial and administrative services. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred $30,000 in fees for these services. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there are amounts of $250,000 and $220,000 included in accrued expenses for these services, respectively.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

Related Party Loans

Working Capital Loans – Related Party

In order to finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor or an affiliate of the Sponsor, or certain of the Company’s officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as may be required (“Working Capital Loans”). If the Company completes a Business Combination, the Company may repay the Working Capital Loans out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to the Company. Otherwise, the Working Capital Loans may be repaid only out of funds held outside the Trust Account. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of proceeds held outside the Trust Account to repay the Working Capital Loans, but no proceeds held in the Trust Account would be used to repay the Working Capital Loans. Except for the foregoing, the terms of such Working Capital Loans, if any, have not been determined and no written agreements exist with respect to such loans. The Working Capital Loans would either be repaid upon consummation of a Business Combination, without interest, or, at the lender’s discretion, up to $1,500,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be convertible into warrants of the post-Business Combination entity at a price of $2.00 per warrant. The warrants would be identical to the Private Placement Warrants. On January 19, 2023, the Company issued a promissory note in the principal amount of up to $500,000 to the Sponsor. The working capital loan – related party was issued in connection with advances the Payee has made, and may make in the future, to the Company for expenses incurred by the Company and reasonably related to working capital purposes. The working capital loan – related party bears no interest and is due and payable upon the consummation of the Company’s initial merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or Business Combination. In the event that the Company does not consummate a Business Combination, the working capital loan – related party will be repaid only from amounts, if any, remaining outside of the Trust Account established in connection with the IPO of the Company’s securities.

At the election of the Payee, all or a portion of the unpaid principal amount of the working capital loan – related party may be converted into warrants of the Company (“Warrants”), at a price of $2.00 per warrant, each warrant exercisable for one Class A ordinary share, $0.0001 par value per share, of the Company. The Warrants shall be identical to the Private Placement Warrants issued to the Sponsor at the time of the Company’s IPO. The working capital promissory note – related party was accounted for using the bifurcation method, and it was determined that the conversion feature was de minimis and therefore recorded at par value.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was $500,000 outstanding under the Working Capital Loan.

Promissory Notes - Related Party

On August 8, 2023, the Company entered into the August 2023 Note with the Sponsor. The August 2023 Note provides up to $500,000 for withdrawal and does not incur interest. The August 2023 Note is due upon the earlier of the closing of a Business Combination or wind up. The Company borrowed the full $500,000 on August 8, 2023, and no further borrowings are available under the August 2023 Note as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

On March 13, 2024, the Company issued the March 2024 Note to the Sponsor. The March 2024 Note provides up to $500,000 for withdrawal and does not incur interest. The Company borrowed $125,000 on March 14, 2024 and an additional $235,000 on March 28, 2024. The March 2024 Note is due upon the earlier of the closing of a business combination or wind up. On April 15, 2024, the Sponsor assigned the March 2024 Note, and all of its right, title, interest in and obligation under the March 2024 Note, to Starwood Capital Group Management, L.L.C. The Company borrowed an additional $140,000 on July 22, 2024. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was $500,000 outstanding under this Note and no further borrowings are available under the March 2024 Note as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

On October 31, 2024, the Company issued the October 2024 Note to Starwood Capital Group Management, L.L.C., in the principal amount of $400,000. The October 2024 Note is non-interest bearing and due upon the completion of a business combination. In the event that the Company does not consummate a Business Combination, the October 2024 Note will be repaid only from funds held outside of the Trust Account or will be forfeited, eliminated or otherwise forgiven. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were amounts of $400,000 and $400,000 outstanding under the October 2024 Note, respectively.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

On October 2, 2024 and October 23, 2024, the board approved an aggregate of $50,000 pursuant to the March 2024 Note and the October 2024 Note, which are Extension Funds the Company subsequently deposited into the Company’s Trust Account for its public stockholders. These deposits enabled the Company to extend the date by which it must complete its initial business combination from October 4, 2024 to November 4, 2024 (the “Eighth 2024 Extension”) and from November 4, 2024 to December 4, 2024 (the “Ninth 2024 Extension), respectively. The Eighth 2024 Extension and the Ninth 2024 Extension are the eighth and ninth of eleven one-month extensions permitted under the Memorandum and Articles of Association and provide the Company with additional time to complete its initial business combination.

In the event that the Company does not consummate a Business Combination, the March 2024 Note and October 2024 Note will be repaid only from amounts remaining outside of the Trust Account, if any.

Advance from Related Party

On October 2, 2024, the Sponsor paid $1,485,000 for expenses related to the Company.

NOTE 6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Registration and Shareholders’ Rights

Pursuant to a registration and shareholders rights agreement entered into on February 1, 2021, the holders of the Founder Shares, Private Placement Warrants and any warrants that may be issued upon conversion of Working Capital Loans (and any Class A ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of the Private Placement Warrants and warrants that may be issued upon conversion of the Working Capital Loans) will be entitled to registration rights. The holders of these securities are entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form demands, that the Company register such securities. In addition, the holders have certain “piggyback” registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the completion of a Business Combination. However, the registration and shareholder rights agreement provides that the Company will not permit any registration statement filed under the Securities Act to become effective until termination of the applicable lockup period. The registration and shareholder rights agreement does not contain liquidating damages or other cash settlement provision resulting from delays in registering the Company’s securities. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.

Underwriting Agreement

The underwriters are entitled to a deferred fee of $0.35 per Unit, or $36,225,000 in the aggregate. The deferred fee will become payable to the underwriters from the amounts held in the Trust Account solely in the event that the Company completes a Business Combination, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.

On February 14, 2023 and February 16, 2023, the Company was notified by BofA Securities, Inc. and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, respectively, they were waiving their rights to their portion of the deferred underwriting fee. The Company reduced the deferred underwriting fee payable on the unaudited condensed balance sheets by $21,735,000, and as a result, $467,291 is reflected on the Company’s unaudited condensed statements of operations for the amounts allocated in connection with the Company’s warrants at the IPO and $21,267,709 was charged to accumulated deficit for the portion allocated to Class A ordinary shares at the IPO and is included within the accretion of the Class A ordinary shares.

On August 14, 2023, the Company was notified by Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, they were waiving their rights to their portion of the deferred underwriting fee. The Company reduced the deferred underwriting fee payable on the balance sheet by $14,490,000, and as a result, $311,527 is reflected on the Company’s unaudited condensed statements of operations for the amounts allocated in connection with the Company’s warrants at the IPO, and $14,178,473 was charged to accumulated deficit for the portion allocated to Class A ordinary shares at the IPO and is included within the accretion of the Class A ordinary shares.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there are no deferred underwriting fees payable.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

Cost-Sharing Agreement

On February 23, 2022, the Company entered into a cost-sharing arrangement in connection with completing a potential Business Combination. This agreement establishes a sharing percentage that is calculated based on the size of the Trust Account. This cost-sharing agreement establishes that the Company is responsible for 55.4% of expenses from agreed upon third-party advisors in connection with completing a Business Combination. If the Company decides to cease pursuing a Business Combination, 55.4% of fees incurred up to the date of termination for agreed third-party advisors will be the responsibility of the Company. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company has $747,900 and $747,900 in accrued expenses related to its portion of the shared costs, respectively.

NOTE 7. CLASS A ORDINARY SHARES SUBJECT TO POSSIBLE REDEMPTION

The Company is authorized to issue 600,000,000 Class A ordinary shares, with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of Class A ordinary shares are entitled to one vote for each share. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 89,480 and 89,480 Class A ordinary shares issued and outstanding subject to possible redemption which are presented as temporary equity, respectively.

NOTE 8. SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

Preference Shares — The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 preference shares with a par value of $0.0001 per share, with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Company’s board of directors. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were no preference shares issued or outstanding.

Class A Ordinary Shares — The Company is authorized to issue 600,000,000 Class A ordinary shares, with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of Class A ordinary shares are entitled to one vote for each share. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 25,500,000 Class A ordinary shares issued, outstanding and not subject to redemption.

Class B Ordinary Shares — The Company is authorized to issue 60,000,000 Class B ordinary shares, with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of the Class B ordinary shares are entitled to one vote for each share. On February 6, 2024, the Sponsor voluntarily converted 25,500,000 Class B ordinary shares of the Company it held as of such date into 25,500,000 Class A ordinary shares of the Company. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 375,000 Class B ordinary shares issued and outstanding.

Holders of Class A ordinary shares and Class B ordinary shares will vote together as a single class on all other matters submitted to a vote of shareholders, except that, prior to the initial Business Combination, only holders of the Class B ordinary shares will be entitled to vote on the appointment of directors, and except as required by law.

The Class B ordinary shares will automatically convert into the Company’s Class A ordinary shares at the time of a Business Combination at a ratio such that the number of Class A ordinary shares issuable upon conversion of all Founder Shares will equal, in the aggregate, on an as-converted basis, 20% of the sum of (i) the total number of ordinary shares issued and outstanding upon completion of the IPO, plus (ii) the total number of Class A ordinary shares issued or deemed issued or issuable upon conversion or exercise of any equity-linked securities or rights issued or deemed issued, by the Company in connection with or in relation to the consummation of a Business Combination, excluding any Class A ordinary shares or equity-linked securities exercisable for or convertible into Class A ordinary shares issued, deemed issued, or to be issued, to any seller in a Business Combination and any Private Placement Warrants issued to the Sponsor, its affiliates or any member of the management team upon conversion of Working Capital Loans. In no event will the Class B ordinary shares convert into Class A ordinary shares at a rate of less than one to one.

NOTE 9. WARRANT LIABILITIES

Warrants — As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 11,350,000 Private Placement Warrants and 25,875,000 Public Warrants outstanding to purchase 37,225,000 Class A ordinary shares. Public Warrants may only be exercised for a whole number of shares. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the Public Warrants. The Public Warrants will become exercisable on the later of (a) 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination and (b) one year from the closing of the IPO. The Public Warrants will expire five years from the completion of a Business Combination or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

The Company will not be obligated to deliver any Class A ordinary shares pursuant to the exercise of a warrant and will have no obligation to settle such warrant exercise unless a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to the Class A ordinary shares underlying the warrants is then effective and a prospectus relating thereto is current, subject to the Company satisfying its obligations with respect to registration, or a valid exemption from registration is available. No Public Warrant will be exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis and the Company will not be obligated to issue a Class A ordinary share upon exercise of a warrant unless the Class A ordinary share issuable upon such warrant exercise has been registered, qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the registered holder of the warrants.

The Company has agreed that as soon as practicable, but in no event later than 20 business days, after the closing of a Business Combination, it will use its commercially reasonable efforts to file with the SEC a registration statement for the registration, under the Securities Act, of the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants, and the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the same to become effective within 60 business days after the closing of a Business Combination, and to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement and a current prospectus relating to those Class A ordinary shares until the warrants expire or are redeemed, as specified in the warrant agreement; provided that if the Class A ordinary shares are at the time of any exercise of a warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that they satisfy the definition of a “covered security” under Section 18(b)(1) of the Securities Act, the Company may, at its option, require holders of Public Warrants who exercise their warrants to do so on a “cashless basis” in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act and, in the event the Company so elects, the Company will not be required to file or maintain in effect a registration statement, but the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify the shares under applicable blue sky laws to the extent an exemption is not available. If a registration statement covering the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants is not effective by the 60th day after the closing of a Business Combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when the Company will have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a “cashless basis” in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act or another exemption, but the Company will use its commercially reasonable efforts to register or qualify the shares under applicable blue sky laws to the extent an exemption is not available.

Redemptions of warrants when the price per Class A ordinary share equals or exceeds $18.00. Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may call the warrants for redemption (except as described with respect to the Private Placement Warrants):

●

in whole and not in part;

●

at a price of $0.01 per warrant;

●

upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption to each warrant holder; and

●

if, and only if, the closing price of the Class A ordinary shares equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted) for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending three trading days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders.

The Company will not redeem the warrants as described above unless a registration statement under the Securities Act covering the issuance of the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants is then effective and a current prospectus relating to those Class A ordinary shares is available throughout the 30-day redemption period. If and when the warrants become redeemable by the Company, the Company may exercise its redemption right even if it is unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws.

Redemption of warrants when the price per Class A ordinary share equals or exceeds $10.00. Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding warrants:

●

in whole and not in part;

●

at $0.10 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption provided that holders will be able to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis prior to redemption and receive that number of shares based on the redemption date and the “fair market value” of the Company’s Class A ordinary shares;

●

if, and only if, the closing price of the Class A ordinary shares equals or exceeds $10.00 per public share (as adjusted) for any 20 trading days within the 30-trading day period ending three trading days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders; and

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

●

if the closing price of the Class A ordinary shares for any 20 trading days within a 30-day trading period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders is less than $18.00 per share (as adjusted), the Private Placement Warrants must also be concurrently called for redemption on the same terms as the outstanding Public Warrants, as described above.

The exercise price and number of ordinary shares issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a share dividend, extraordinary dividend or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, except as described below, the Public Warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of ordinary shares at a price below its exercise price. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the Public Warrants. If the Company has not completed a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of Public Warrants will not receive any of such funds with respect to their Public Warrants, nor will they receive any distribution from the Company’s assets held outside of the Trust Account with respect to such Public Warrants. Accordingly, the Public Warrants may expire worthless.

In addition, if (x) the Company issues additional Class A ordinary shares or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of a Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $9.20 per Class A ordinary share (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the Company’s board of directors and, in the case of any such issuance to the Sponsor or its affiliates, without taking into account any Founder Shares held by the Sponsor or such affiliates, as applicable, prior to such issuance) (the “Newly Issued Price”), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of a Business Combination on the date of the consummation of a Business Combination (net of redemptions), and (z) the volume weighted average trading price of its Class A ordinary shares during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which the Company consummates its Business Combination (such price, the “Market Value”) is below $9.20 per share, the exercise price of the warrants will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price, the $18.00 per share redemption trigger price will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 180% of the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price, and the $10.00 per share redemption trigger price will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to the higher of the Market Value and the Newly Issued Price.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 11,350,000 Private Placement Warrants outstanding. The Private Placement Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants underlying the Units sold in the IPO, except that the Private Placement Warrants and the Class A ordinary shares issuable upon the exercise of the Private Placement Warrants will not be transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Private Placement Warrants will be exercisable on a cashless basis and be non-redeemable, except as described above under “Redemption of Warrants when the price per Class A ordinary share equals or exceeds $10.00,” so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.

NOTE 10. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:

Level 1:

Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

Level 2:

Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

Level 3:

Unobservable inputs based on assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

The following is a description of the valuation methodology used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value:

U.S. Treasury Securities: The Company classifies its U.S. Treasury and equivalent securities as held to maturity in accordance with ASC Topic 320, “Investments - Debt and Equity Securities.” Held-to-maturity securities are those securities which the Company has the ability and intent to hold until maturity. Held-to-maturity treasury securities are recorded at amortized cost on the accompanying unaudited condensed balance sheets and adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts.

Warrant Liabilities: The Company classifies its Public Warrants and Private Placement Warrants as liabilities in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging–Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity.”

The Public Warrants were initially valued using binomial lattice in a risk neutral framework (a special case of the Income Approach), which is considered to be a Level 3 fair value measurement. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Public Warrants were valued using the instrument’s publicly listed trading price as of the balance sheet date. As of March 31, 2025, due to the limited trade volume the Public Warrants were transferred to Level 2. As of December 31, 2024, the Public Warrants were actively traded, as such were listed as Level 1 in the hierarchy table below.

The Private Placement Warrants were initially valued using binomial lattice in a risk neutral framework (a special case of the Income Approach), which is considered to be a Level 3 fair value measurement. The Primary unobservable input utilized in determining the fair value of the Private Placement Warrants is the expected volatility of the Company’s ordinary shares. The expected volatility of the Company’s ordinary shares was determined based on the implied volatility of the Public Warrants. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair value of the Private Placement Warrants was the equivalent to that of the Public Warrants as they had substantially the same terms and qualified as a similar security; however, they are not actively traded, as such were listed as a Level 2 in the hierarchy table below. The change in fair value is recognized in the unaudited condensed statements of operations.

The following tables present information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:


Description	Level	March 31, 2025
Liabilities:
Warrant Liability – Public Warrants	2	$	1,035,000
Warrant Liability – Private Placement Warrants	2		454,000


Description	Level	December 31, 2024
Liabilities:
Warrant Liability – Public Warrants	1	$	776,250
Warrant Liability – Private Placement Warrants	2		340,500

Transfers to/from Levels 1, 2 and 3 are recognized at the end of the reporting period in which a change in valuation technique or methodology occurs. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Public Warrants transferred from Level 1 to Level 2. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, the Public Warrants transferred back to a Level 1 and remained as Level 1 as of December 31, 2024. At December 31, 2024, the Public Warrants were measured at $776,250. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Public Warrants transferred from Level 1 to Level 2. At March 31, 2025, the Public Warrants were measured at $1,035,000.

NOTE 11. SEGMENT REPORTING

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JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MARCH 31, 2025

ASC Topic 280, “Segment Reporting,” establishes standards for companies to report in their financial statement information about operating segments, products, services, geographic areas, and major customers. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities from which it may recognize revenues and incur expenses, and for which separate financial information is available that is regularly evaluated by the CODM, or group, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance.

The CODM has been identified as the Chief Executive Officer, who reviews the assets, operating results, and financial metrics for the Company as a whole to make decisions about allocating resources and assessing financial performance. Accordingly, management has determined that there is only one reportable segment.

The CODM assesses performance for the single segment and decides how to allocate resources based on net income or loss that also is reported on the unaudited condensed statements of operations as net income or loss. The measure of segment assets is reported on the unaudited condensed balance sheets as total assets. When evaluating the Company’s performance and making key decisions regarding resource allocation, the CODM reviews several key metrics included in net income or loss and total assets, which include the following:


	March 31,		December 31,
	2025		2024
Trust Account	$	1,042,177	$	1,035,353
Cash	$	153,305	$	319,207


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2025		2024
General and administrative expenses	$	142,551	$	633,880
Interest earned on the Trust Account	$	6,824	$	174,476

The CODM reviews interest earned on the Trust Account to measure and monitor shareholder value and determine the most effective strategy of investment with the Trust Account funds while maintaining compliance with the Trust Agreement.

General and administrative expenses are reviewed and monitored by the CODM to manage and forecast cash to ensure enough capital is available to complete a business combination or similar transaction within the business combination period. The CODM also reviews general and administrative costs to manage, maintain and enforce all contractual agreements to ensure costs are aligned with all agreements and budget. General and administrative costs, as reported on the unaudited condensed statements of operations, are the significant segment expenses provided to the CODM on a regular basis.

All other segment items included in net income or loss are reported on the unaudited condensed statements of operations and described within their respective disclosures.

NOTE 12. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the unaudited condensed balance sheets date up to the date that the unaudited condensed financial statements were issued. Based upon this review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the unaudited condensed financial statements.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

References in this report (the “Quarterly Report”) to “we,” “us” or the “Company” refer to Jaws Mustang Acquisition Corporation References to our “management” or our “management team” refer to our officers and directors, and references to the “Sponsor” refer to Mustang Sponsor LLC. The following discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto contained elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. Certain information contained in the discussion and analysis set forth below includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Exchange Act that are not historical facts and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expected and projected. All statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this Form 10-Q including, without limitation, statements in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” regarding the completion of the proposed Business Combination, the Company’s financial position, business strategy and the plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. Words such as “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate,” “seek” and variations and similar words and expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements relate to future events or future performance, but reflect management’s current beliefs, based on information currently available. A number of factors could cause actual events, performance or results to differ materially from the events, performance and results discussed in the forward-looking statements, including that the conditions of the proposed Business Combination are not satisfied. For information identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements, please refer to the Risk Factors section of the Company’s final prospectus for its IPO filed with the SEC. The Company’s securities filings can be accessed on the EDGAR section of the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Except as expressly required by applicable securities law, the Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Overview

We are a blank check company incorporated in the Cayman Islands on October 19, 2020, formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, amalgamation, share exchange, asset acquisition, share purchase, reorganization or other similar Business Combination with one or more businesses. We intend to effectuate our Business Combination using cash derived from the proceeds of the IPO and the sale of the private placement warrants, our shares, debt or a combination of cash, shares and debt.

We expect to continue to incur significant costs in the pursuit of our acquisition plans. We cannot assure you that our plans to complete a Business Combination will be successful.

On February 2, 2024, the Company held an extension meeting where the Termination Date was extended from February 4, 2024 to February 4, 2025 and the Company was authorized to, without another shareholder vote, elect to extend the Termination Date to consummate a business combination on a monthly basis for up to eleven times by an additional one month each time after the Articles Extension Date, by resolution of the Company’s board of directors each time accompanied by a deposit into the Trust Account in the amount of $25,000. In connection with the extension vote, 698,321 Class A ordinary shares were redeemed for an aggregate redemption amount of $7,662,571.

On February 5, 2024, the Company received a written notice from the New York Stock Exchange American LLC (“NYSE American”) indicating that the staff of NYSE American (the “Staff”) has determined to commence proceedings to delist the Company’s Units, Class A Ordinary Shares and Warrants (collectively, the “Securities”) pursuant to Sections 119(b) and 119(f) of the NYSE American Company Guide because the Company failed to consummate a business combination (i) within 36 months of the effectiveness of its initial public offering registration statement or (ii) such shorter period that the Company specified in its registration statement. NYSE American completed the delisting by filing a Notification of Removal from Listing and/or Registration under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, on Form 25 with the SEC on November 1, 2024.

The Company currently has its Securities quoted on the OTC Pink Open Market. The Company remains subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Exchange Act.

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The board approved draws of an aggregate of $225,000 (the “Extension Funds”) pursuant to the March 2024 Note and the October 2024 Note, which are Extension Funds the Company subsequently deposited into the Company’s Trust Account for its public stockholders. These deposits enabled the Company to extend the date by which it must complete its initial business combination from March 4, 2024 to December 4, 2024(the “Extensions”). The Extensions are the first nine of eleven one-month extensions permitted under the Company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association and provide the Company with additional time to complete its initial business combination.

On November 26, 2024, the Company held an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders (A) to amend, by way of special resolution, the Company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association to extend the date termination date by which the Company has to consummate a business combination from December 4, 2024 to January 4, 2025 and to allow the Company, without another shareholder vote, to elect to extend the Termination Date to consummate a business combination on a monthly basis for up to twenty-three times by an additional one month each time after the Charter Extension Date, by resolution of the Company’s board of directors, if requested by the Sponsor, and upon five days’ advance notice prior to the applicable Termination Date, until December 4, 2026, or a total of up to twenty-three months after the Charter Extension Date, unless the closing of a business combination shall have occurred prior thereto. In connection with the vote to approve the Extension Amendment Proposal, the holders of 1,315,813 Class A Ordinary Shares properly exercised their right to redeem their shares for cash at a redemption price of approximately $11.48 per share, for an aggregate redemption amount of approximately $15,111,008. Following the extraordinary general meeting, the Termination Date was extended five times on a monthly basis until June 4, 2025.

Results of Operations

We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenues to date. Our only activities through March 31, 2025 were organizational activities, those necessary to prepare for the IPO, described below, and identifying a target company for a Business Combination. We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our Business Combination. We generate non-operating income in the form of interest income on cash and investments held in the Trust Account. We incur expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we had a net loss of $507,977, which consisted of change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $372,250 and general and administrative expenses of $142,551 partially offset by interest earned on cash held in the Trust Account of $6,824.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we had a net loss of $7,159,904, which consisted of loss from general and administrative expenses of $633,880 and change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $6,700,500, partially offset by interest earned on cash and investments held in the Trust Account of $174,476.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

On February 4, 2021, we consummated our IPO of 103,500,000 Units which includes full exercise by the underwriter of its over-allotment option in the amount of 13,500,000 Units, at $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $1,035,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of our IPO, we consummated the sale of 11,350,000 private placement warrants at a price of $2.00 per private placement warrant in a private placement to our Sponsor, generating gross proceeds of $22,700,000.

Following our IPO, the full exercise of the over-allotment option, and the sale of the private placement warrants, a total of $1,035,000,000 was placed in the Trust Account. We incurred $57,010,008 in costs related to our IPO, including $19,800,000 of underwriting fees, net of $900,000 reimbursed from the underwriters, $36,225,000 of deferred underwriting fees and $995,008 of other costs.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, cash used in operating activities was $165,902. Net loss of $507,977 was affected by change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $372,250 and interest earned on cash held in the Trust Account of $6,824. Changes in operating assets and liabilities used $23,351 of cash for operating activities.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, cash used in operating activities was $237,647. Net loss of $7,159,904 was affected by change in fair value of warrant liabilities of $6,700,500 and interest earned on cash and investments held in the Trust Account of $174,476. Changes in operating assets and liabilities used $396,233 of cash for operating activities.

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As of March 31, 2025, we had cash held in the Trust Account of $1,042,177. We may withdraw interest from the Trust Account to pay taxes, if any. We intend to use substantially all of the funds held in the Trust Account, including any amounts representing interest earned on the Trust Account, to complete our Business Combination. To the extent that our share capital or debt is used, in whole or in part, as consideration to complete our Business Combination, the remaining proceeds held in the Trust Account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business or businesses, make other acquisitions and pursue our growth strategies. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company did not withdraw any amount from Trust Account in connection with the redemption. For the period ended December 31, 2024, the Company withdrew $22,773,579 from Trust Account in connection with the redemption.

As of March 31, 2025, we had cash of $153,305. We intend to use the funds held outside the Trust Account primarily to identify and evaluate target businesses, perform business due diligence on prospective target businesses, travel to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses or their representatives or owners, review corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, and structure, negotiate and complete a Business Combination.

In order to fund working capital deficiencies or finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, our sponsor, or certain of our officers and directors or their affiliates may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. If we complete a Business Combination, we would repay such loaned amounts. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, we may use a portion of the working capital held outside the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from our Trust Account would be used for such repayment. Up to $1,500,000 of such loans may be convertible into warrants at a price of $2.00 per warrant, at the option of the lender. The warrants would be identical to the private placement warrants. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were $500,000 and $500,000 outstanding under the working capital loans, respectively.

On August 8, 2023, the Company issued the August 2023 Note to our Sponsor. The August 2023 Note provides up to $500,000 for withdrawal and does not incur interest. The August 2023 Note is due upon the earlier of the closing of a Business Combination or wind up. The Company borrowed the full $500,000 on August 8, 2023 and no further borrowings are available under the August 2023 Note as of March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were amounts of $500,000 and $500,000 outstanding under the August 2023 Note, respectively.

On March 13, 2024, the Company issued the March 2024 Note to our Sponsor. The March 2024 Note provides up to $500,000 for withdrawal and does not incur interest. The Company borrowed $125,000 on March 14, 2024 and an additional $235,000 on March 28, 2024. The March 2024 Note is due upon the earlier of the closing of a business combination or wind up. On April 15, 2024, our sponsor assigned the March 2024 Note, and all of its right, title, interest in and obligation under the March 2024 Note, to Starwood Capital Group Management, L.L.C. The Company borrowed an additional $140,000 on July 22, 2024. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were amounts of $500,000 and $500,000 outstanding under the March 2024 Note, respectively.

On October 31, 2024, the Company issued the October 2024 Note to Starwood Capital Group Management, L.L.C. The October 2024 Note provides up to $400,000 for withdrawal and does not incur interest. The Company borrowed $400,000 on October 31, 2024. The October 2024 Note is due upon the earlier of the closing of a business combination or a wind up. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there was an amount of $400,000 outstanding under the October 2024 Note.

Going Concern

If the Business Combination is not consummated, the Company will need to raise additional capital through loans on additional investments from its sponsor, shareholders, officers, directors, or third parties. The Company’s officers, directors and sponsor may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds, from time to time or at any time, in whatever amount they deem reasonable in their sole discretion, to meet the Company’s working capital needs. Accordingly, the Company may not be able to obtain additional financing. If the Company is unable to raise additional capital, it may be required to take additional measures to conserve liquidity, which could include, but not necessarily be limited to, curtailing operations, suspending the pursuit of a potential transaction, and reducing overhead expenses. The Company cannot provide any assurance that new financing will be available to it on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern through one year from the date of these unaudited condensed financial statements if a Business Combination is not consummated. These unaudited condensed financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recovery of the recorded assets or the classification of the liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

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In connection with the Company’s assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 205-40 “Going Concern,” the Company has until December 4, 2026, assuming all extensions are exercised, to consummate a Business Combination. It is uncertain that the Company will be able to consummate a Business Combination by this time. If a Business Combination is not consummated by this date, there will be a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution of the Company. Management has determined that the liquidity condition raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. No adjustments have been made to the carrying amounts of assets or liabilities should the Company be required to liquidate after December 4, 2026. Management intends to complete a Business Combination prior to the mandatory liquidation date.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no obligations, assets or liabilities, which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of March 31, 2025. We do not participate in transactions that create relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements, established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased any non-financial assets.

Contractual Obligations

We do not have any long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations or long-term liabilities, other than an agreement to pay an affiliate of one of our executive officers a monthly fee of $10,000 for office space, utilities and secretarial and administrative services. We began incurring these fees on February 1, 2021 and will continue to incur these fees monthly until the earlier of the completion of the Business Combination and our liquidation.

On February 14, 2023 and February 16, 2023, the Company was notified by BofA Securities, Inc. and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, respectively, waiving their rights to their portion of the deferred underwriting fee. The Company reduced the deferred underwriting fee payable on the balance sheet by $21,735,000, as a result $467,291 is reflected on the Company’s statement of operations for the amounts allocated in connection with the Company’s warrants at the IPO and $21,267,709 was charged to accumulated deficit for the portion allocated to Class A ordinary shares at the IPO.

On August 14, 2023, the Company was notified by Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, they were waiving their rights to their portion of the deferred underwriting fee. The Company reduced the deferred underwriting fee payable on the balance sheet by $14,490,000, as a result $311,527 is reflected on the Company’s statement of operations for the amounts allocated in connection with the Company’s warrants at the IPO and $14,178,473 was charged to accumulated deficit for the portion allocated to Class A ordinary shares at the IPO.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of the unaudited condensed financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. The Company has not identified any critical accounting estimates. We have identified the following critical accounting policies:

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Ordinary Shares Subject to Possible Redemption

We account for our ordinary shares subject to possible conversion in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Ordinary shares subject to mandatory redemption are classified as a liability instrument and measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable ordinary shares (including ordinary shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within our control) are classified as temporary equity. At all other times, ordinary shares are classified as shareholders’ equity (deficit). Our ordinary shares feature certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of our control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, ordinary shares subject to possible redemption are presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the shareholders’ deficit section of our unaudited condensed balance sheets.

Net Loss per Ordinary Share

Net loss per ordinary share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. This presentation contemplates a Business Combination as the most likely outcome, in which case, both classes of shares share pro rata in the income of the Company. Accretion associated with the redeemable shares of Class A ordinary shares is excluded from the earnings per share as the redemption value approximates fair value.

Derivative Warrant Liabilities

We do not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign currency risks. We evaluate all of our financial instruments, including issued Class A ordinary share purchase warrants, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives, pursuant to ASC 480 and ASC 815-15. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is re-assessed at the end of each reporting period.

We issued 25,875,000 public warrants to investors in our IPO and issued 11,350,000 private placement warrants. All of our outstanding warrants are recognized as derivative liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40. Accordingly, we recognize the warrant instruments as liabilities at fair value and adjust the instruments to fair value at each reporting period. The liabilities are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in our unaudited condensed statements of operations. The Company’s Public Warrants are values based on quotes market prices and are considered a Level 1 liability. The Company’s private placement warrants are classified as a Level 2 liability due to the similarities to the Company’s Public Warrants and are valued using the quote market prices of the Public Warrants.

Recent Accounting Standards

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. The amendments in this ASU require disclosures, on an annual and interim basis, of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM, as well as the aggregate amount of other segment items included in the reported measure of segment profit or loss. The ASU requires that a public entity disclose the title and position of the CODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. Public entities will be required to provide all annual disclosures currently required by Topic 280 in interim periods, and entities with a single reportable segment are required to provide all the disclosures required by the amendments in this ASU and existing segment disclosures in Topic 280. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company as required has adopted ASU 2023-07.

Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed financial statements.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

As of March 31, 2025, we were not subject to any market or interest rate risk. Following the consummation of our IPO, the net proceeds of our IPO, including amounts in the Trust Account, have been invested in certain U.S. government securities with a maturity of 185 days or less or in certain money market funds that invest solely in U.S. treasuries. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, we believe there will be no associated material exposure to interest rate risk.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2025. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risk factors disclosed under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on April 16, 2024 (the “Form 10-K”). Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or future results. As of the date of this report, there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5. Other Information

None.

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Item 6. Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

No.		Description of Exhibit
31.1*		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a), as adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2*		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a), as adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1**		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2**		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS*		Inline XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104*		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*	Filed herewith.

**	Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURE

In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	JAWS MUSTANG ACQUISITION CORPORATION

Date: May 15, 2025	By:	/s/ Michael Reidler
	Name:	Michael Reidler
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Jaws Mustang Acquisition Corp 10-Q