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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended July 1, 2025


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number: 0-20574

THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		51-0340466
(State or other jurisdiction		(I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization)		Identification No.)



26901 Malibu Hills Road
Calabasas Hills, California		91301
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(818) 871-3000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on which Registered
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share	CAKE	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of July 28, 2025, 49,810,427 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, were outstanding.

Table of Contents

THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED

INDEX

			Page Number

PART I	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
	Item 1.	Financial Statements:
		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)	1
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)	2
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)	3
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)	4
		Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)	5
		Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	6
	Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	30
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	31

PART II	OTHER INFORMATION		32
	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	32
	Item 1A.	Risk Factors	32
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	32
	Item 5.	Other Information	32
	Item 6.	Exhibits	33

Signatures			34

Table of Contents

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share data)


	July 1,		December 31,
	2025		2024
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	148,763	$	84,176
Accounts and other receivables		90,521		112,503
Income taxes receivable		15,507		17,417
Inventories		66,413		64,526
Prepaid expenses		58,185		54,691
Total current assets		379,389		333,313
Property and equipment, net		864,543		840,773
Other assets:
Intangible assets, net		252,132		251,789
Operating lease assets		1,434,197		1,400,351
Other		221,643		215,534
Total other assets		1,907,972		1,867,674
Total assets	$	3,151,904	$	3,041,760

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	59,149	$	62,092
Gift card liabilities		196,293		226,810
Operating lease liabilities		149,390		157,138
Other accrued expenses		263,607		265,380
Current portion of long-term debt		68,614		—
Total current liabilities		737,053		711,420

Long-term debt		559,623		452,062
Operating lease liabilities		1,322,543		1,299,020
Other noncurrent liabilities		131,737		135,803
Total liabilities		2,750,956		2,598,305
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued		—		—
Common stock, $.01 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized; 109,448,529 shares issued and 49,784,613 shares outstanding at July 1, 2025 and 108,387,574 shares issued and 51,332,298 shares outstanding at December 31, 2024		1,094		1,084
Additional paid-in capital		993,963		956,107
Retained earnings		1,379,162		1,317,828
Treasury stock inclusive of excise tax, 59,663,916 and 57,055,276 shares at cost at July 1, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		(1,972,286)		(1,829,953)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(985)		(1,611)
Total stockholders’ equity		400,948		443,455
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	3,151,904	$	3,041,760

See the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)


	Thirteen		Thirteen		Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024		July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024

Revenues	$	955,825	$	904,042	$	1,883,022	$	1,795,265

Costs and expenses:
Food and beverage costs		205,843		201,694		408,104		404,947
Labor expenses		333,519		317,282		664,594		638,212
Other operating costs and expenses		255,722		239,097		502,147		472,638
General and administrative expenses		58,778		54,384		118,710		114,750
Depreciation and amortization expenses		26,860		24,960		52,942		49,716
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses/(income)		222		(188)		600		1,895
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses		1,012		1,146		2,010		2,267
Preopening costs		9,047		6,975		17,134		12,855
Total costs and expenses		891,003		845,350		1,766,241		1,697,280
Income from operations		64,822		58,692		116,781		97,985
Interest expense, net		(2,873)		(2,761)		(5,201)		(5,539)
Loss on extinguishment of debt		—		—		(15,891)		—
Other income, net		280		413		1,023		1,430
Income before income taxes		62,229		56,344		96,712		93,876
Income tax provision		7,417		3,900		8,959		8,241
Net income	$	54,812	$	52,444	$	87,753	$	85,635

Net income per share:
Basic	$	1.18	$	1.10	$	1.87	$	1.79
Diluted (Note 10)	$	1.14	$	1.08	$	1.80	$	1.76

Weighted-average shares outstanding:
Basic		46,391		47,702		46,958		47,726
Diluted		48,102		48,775		48,679		48,685

See the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Thirteen		Thirteen		Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024		July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024

Net income	$	54,812	$	52,444	$	87,753	$	85,635
Other comprehensive gain/(loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustment		616		(124)		626		(377)
Other comprehensive gain/(loss)		616		(124)		626		(377)
Total comprehensive income	$	55,428	$	52,320	$	88,379	$	85,258

See the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

For the twenty-six weeks ended July 1, 2025:


										Accumulated
				Additional						Other
	Common Stock			Paid-in		Retained		Treasury		Comprehensive
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Earnings		Stock		(Loss)/Income		Total
Balance, December 31, 2024	108,388	$	1,084	$	956,107	$	1,317,828	$	(1,829,953)	$	(1,611)	$	443,455
Net income	—		—		—		32,941		—		—		32,941
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—		—		—		—		10		10
Cash dividends declared common stock, net of forfeitures, $0.27 per share	—		—		—		(13,081)		—		—		(13,081)
Stock-based compensation	574		6		7,629		—		—		—		7,635
Common stock issued under stock-based compensation plans	230		2		10,801		—		—		—		10,803
Treasury stock purchases, inclusive of excise tax	—		—		—		—		(142,358)		—		(142,358)
Balance, April 1, 2025	109,192	$	1,092	$	974,537	$	1,337,688	$	(1,972,311)	$	(1,601)	$	339,405
Net income	—		—		—		54,812		—		—		54,812
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—		—		—		—		616		616
Cash dividends declared common stock, net of forfeitures, $0.27 per share	—		—		—		(13,338)		—		—		(13,338)
Stock-based compensation	(17)		—		7,248		—		—		—		7,248
Common stock issued under stock-based compensation plans	274		2		12,178		—		—		—		12,180
Treasury stock purchases, inclusive of excise tax	—		—		—		—		25		—		25
Balance, July 1, 2025	109,449	$	1,094	$	993,963	$	1,379,162	$	(1,972,286)	$	(985)	$	400,948

For the twenty-six weeks ended July 2, 2024:


										Accumulated
				Additional						Other
	Common Stock			Paid-in		Retained		Treasury		Comprehensive
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Earnings		Stock		(Loss)/Income		Total
Balance, January 2, 2024	107,195	$	1,072	$	913,442	$	1,216,239	$	(1,811,997)	$	(694)	$	318,062
Net income	—		—		—		33,191		—		—		33,191
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—		—		—		—		(253)		(253)
Cash dividends declared common stock, net of forfeitures, $0.27 per share	—		—		—		(13,764)		—		—		(13,764)
Stock-based compensation	680		7		7,691		—		—		—		7,698
Treasury stock purchases, inclusive of excise tax	—		—		—		—		(12,496)		—		(12,496)
Balance, April 2, 2024	107,875	$	1,079	$	921,133	$	1,235,666	$	(1,824,493)	$	(947)	$	332,438
Net income	—		—		—		52,444		—		—		52,444
Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—		—		—		—		(124)		(124)
Cash dividends declared common stock, net of forfeitures, $0.27 per share	—		—		—		(13,771)		—		—		(13,771)
Stock-based compensation	42		—		6,882		—		—		—		6,882
Treasury stock purchases, inclusive of excise tax	—		—		—		—		(3,889)		—		(3,889)
Balance, July 2, 2024	107,917	$	1,079	$	928,015	$	1,274,339	$	(1,828,382)	$	(1,071)	$	373,980

See the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	87,753	$	85,635
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expenses		52,942		49,716
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses		236		606
Loss on debt extinguishment		15,891		—
Deferred income taxes		2,239		2,511
Stock-based compensation		14,770		14,475
Payment of deferred consideration and compensation in excess of acquisition-date fair value		(8,714)		(6,506)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts and other receivables		25,127		28,462
Income taxes receivable/payable		1,910		(4,185)
Inventories		(1,882)		(13,342)
Prepaid expenses		(3,503)		(5,958)
Operating lease assets/liabilities		(18,021)		(16,729)
Other assets		(8,294)		(8,838)
Accounts payable		(2,165)		4,351
Gift card liabilities		(30,523)		(30,568)
Other accrued expenses		7,997		(5,185)
Cash provided by operating activities		135,763		94,445
Cash flows from investing activities:
Additions to property and equipment		(84,365)		(66,297)
Additions to intangible assets		(537)		(680)
Other		—		173
Cash used in investing activities		(84,902)		(66,804)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayments on credit facility		(110,000)		—
Proceeds from long-term convertible debt		575,000		—
Repayment on long-term convertible debt, including premium on extinguishment		(289,800)		—
Issuance costs associated with long-term debt		(16,503)		—
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		22,983		—
Common stock dividends paid		(26,810)		(26,693)
Treasury stock purchases, inclusive of excise tax		(141,490)		(16,365)
Cash provided by/ (used in) financing activities		13,380		(43,058)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		346		(219)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		64,587		(15,636)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		84,176		56,290
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	148,763	$	40,654

Supplemental disclosures:
Interest paid	$	2,184	$	7,348
Income taxes paid	$	5,373	$	11,122
Construction payable	$	19,443	$	17,965

See the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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THE CHEESECAKE FACTORY INCORPORATED

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated and its wholly owned subsidiaries (referred to herein collectively as the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our”) and are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). All intercompany accounts and transactions for the periods presented have been eliminated in consolidation. The unaudited financial statements presented herein include all material adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair statement of the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the period. However, these results are not necessarily indicative of results that may be achieved for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 (“Annual Report”) filed with the SEC on February 24, 2025.

We utilize a 52/53-week fiscal year ending on the Tuesday closest to December 31 for financial reporting purposes. Fiscal year 2025 consists of 52 weeks and will end on December 30, 2025. Fiscal year 2024 ended on December 31, 2024 and was also a 52-week year.

Beginning with our Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal year 2025, we separately disclosed interest expense, net and other income, net on the condensed consolidated statement of income. Corresponding prior year balances were reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions for the reporting periods covered by the financial statements. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Geopolitical and Other Macroeconomic Impacts to our Operating Environment

In recent years, our operating results were impacted by geopolitical and macroeconomic events, causing supply chain challenges and significantly increased commodity and wage inflation. Our commodity and wage inflationary environment began returning to more historical levels in fiscal 2024.

The impact of ongoing geopolitical and macroeconomic events could lead to further wage inflation, product and services cost inflation, disruptions in the supply chain, staffing challenges, shifts in consumer behavior, and delays in new restaurant openings. Adverse weather conditions and natural disasters may further exacerbate a number of these factors. For more information regarding the risks to our business relating to the geopolitical and macroeconomic events, see Part II, Item 1A of this report “Risk Factors,” and “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which updates income tax disclosures related to the rate reconciliation and requires disclosure of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. The update also provides further disclosure comparability. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The amendment should be applied prospectively, however, retrospective application is permitted. Management is currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on our disclosures.

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In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40), which requires more detailed disclosures of certain categories of expenses such as inventory purchases, employee compensation and depreciation that are components of existing expense captions presented on the face of the income statement. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, with early adoption permitted. The amendment should be applied prospectively, however, retrospective application is permitted. Management is currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on our disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Topic 470): Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments, which clarifies the requirements for determining whether certain settlements of convertible debt instruments should be accounted for as an induced conversion. The ASU also clarifies that the induced conversion guidance applies to a convertible debt instrument that is not currently convertible as long as it had a substantive conversion feature as of both its issuance date and the date the inducement offer is accepted. The amendment is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025, with early adoption permitted. The amendment should be applied prospectively, however, retrospective application is permitted. Management is currently evaluating this ASU to determine its impact on our consolidated financial statements.

2. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value measurements are estimated based on valuation techniques and inputs categorized as follows:

●

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

●

Level 2: Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities

●

Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which little or no market activity exists, therefore requiring us to develop our own assumptions

The following tables present the components and classification of our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):


	July 1, 2025
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets/(Liabilities)
Non-qualified deferred compensation assets	$	116,084	$	—	$	—
Non-qualified deferred compensation liabilities		(116,177)		—		—
Acquisition-related contingent consideration and compensation liabilities		—		—		(12,821)


	December 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets/(Liabilities)
Non-qualified deferred compensation assets	$	108,093	$	—	$	—
Non-qualified deferred compensation liabilities		(108,166)		—		—
Acquisition-related contingent consideration and compensation liabilities		—		—		(20,155)

The following table presents a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of the fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration and compensation liabilities categorized as Level 3 (in thousands):


	Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024

Beginning balance	$	20,155	$	25,495
Payment		(8,714)		(6,506)
Change in fair value		1,380		1,636
Ending balance	$	12,821	$	20,625

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The fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration and compensation liabilities was determined utilizing a Monte Carlo model based on estimated future revenues, margins and volatility factors, among other variables and estimates and has no minimum or maximum payment. The undiscounted range of outcomes per the Monte Carlo model utilized to determine the fair value of the acquisition-related contingent consideration and compensation liabilities on July 1, 2025 was $0.0 million to $142.4 million. Results could change materially if different estimates and assumptions were used. During the first six months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, we made payments of $8.7 million and $6.5 million, respectively, per the Fox Restaurant Concept LLC (“FRC”) acquisition agreement.

The fair values of our cash and cash equivalents, accounts and other receivables, income taxes receivable, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, income taxes payable and other accrued liabilities approximate their carrying amounts due to their short duration. The fair value of our Revolver Facility (as defined below) approximates carrying value due to the variable interest rate.

As of July 1, 2025, we had $69.0 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2026 (“2026 Notes”) outstanding. The estimated fair value of the 2026 Notes based on a market approach as of July 1, 2025 was approximately $69.7 million and was determined based on the estimated or actual bids and offers of the 2026 Notes in an over-the-counter market on the last business day of the reporting period. The increase in the fair value of the 2026 Notes was primarily due to an increase in our stock price from the date of the issuance of the 2026 Notes. As of July 1, 2025, we had $575.0 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes due 2030 (“2030 Notes”) outstanding. The estimated fair value of the 2030 Notes based on a market approach as of July 1, 2025 was approximately $629.6 million and was determined based on the estimated or actual bids and offers of the 2030 Notes in an over-the-counter market on the last business day of the reporting period. The increase in the fair value of the 2030 Notes was primarily due to an increase in our stock price from the date of the issuance of the 2030 Notes. See Note 5 for further discussion of the 2026 Notes and 2030 Notes.

3. Inventories

Inventories consisted of (in thousands):


	July 1, 2025		December 31, 2024
Restaurant food and supplies	$	34,174	$	35,141
Bakery finished goods and work in progress		22,399		20,210
Bakery raw materials and supplies		9,840		9,175
Total	$	66,413	$	64,526

4. Gift Cards

The following tables present information related to gift cards (in thousands):


	Thirteen		Thirteen		Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024		July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024
Gift card liabilities:
Beginning balance	$	199,855	$	196,236	$	226,810	$	222,915
Activations		29,471		28,074		50,144		48,642
Redemptions and breakage		(33,033)		(31,966)		(80,661)		(79,213)
Ending balance	$	196,293	$	192,344	$	196,293	$	192,344


	Thirteen		Thirteen		Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024		July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024
Gift card contract assets:
Beginning balance	$	17,080	$	17,598	$	18,447	$	19,111
Deferrals		2,833		3,135		5,201		5,559
Amortization		(3,624)		(3,833)		(7,359)		(7,770)
Ending balance	$	16,289	$	16,900	$	16,289	$	16,900

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5. Debt

Revolving Credit Facility

On October 6, 2022, we entered into a Fourth Amended and Restated Loan Agreement (the “Loan Agreement” and the revolving credit facility provided thereunder, the “Revolver Facility”). The Revolver Facility, which terminates on October 6, 2027, provides us with revolving loan commitments that total $400 million, of which $50 million may be used for issuances of letters of credit. The Revolver Facility contains a commitment increase feature that, subject to certain conditions precedent, could provide for an additional $200 million in revolving loan commitments. Our obligations under the Revolver Facility are unsecured. Certain of our material subsidiaries have guaranteed our obligations under the Revolver Facility.

As of December 31, 2024, we had net availability for borrowings of $256.5 million, based on a $110.0 million outstanding debt balance and $33.5 million in standby letters of credit under the Revolver Facility. In the first quarter of fiscal 2025 we repaid $110.0 million on the Revolver Facility. As of July 1, 2025, we had net availability for borrowings of $366.5 million, based on no outstanding debt balance and $33.5 million in standby letters of credit under the Revolver Facility.

Under the Revolver Facility, we are subject to the following financial covenants as of the last day of each fiscal quarter: (i) a maximum ratio of net adjusted debt to EBITDAR (the “ Net Adjusted Leverage Ratio”) of 4.25 and (ii) a minimum ratio of EBITDAR to interest and rent expense (“EBITDAR Ratio”) of 1.90. The Net Adjusted Leverage Ratio includes a rental expense multiplier of six. As of July 1, 2025, we were in compliance with all the foregoing covenants in effect at that date.

Borrowings under the Loan Agreement bear interest, at the Company’s election, at a rate equal to either: (i) the sum of (A) adjusted term SOFR (as defined in the Loan Agreement, the “Term SOFR Rate”) plus (B) a rate variable based on the Net Adjusted Leverage Ratio, ranging from 1.00% to 1.75%, or (ii) the sum of (A) the highest of (x) the rate of interest last quoted by The Wall Street Journal as the prime rate in effect in the United States, (y) the greater of the rate calculated by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as the federal funds effective rate or the rate that is published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as the overnight bank funding rate, in either case, plus 0.50%, and (z) the one-month Term SOFR Rate plus 1.00%, plus (B) a rate variable based on the Net Adjusted Leverage Ratio, ranging from 0.00% to 0.75%. The Company will also pay a fee variable based on the Net Adjusted Leverage Ratio, ranging from 0.125% to 0.25%, on the daily amount of unused commitments under the Loan Agreement. Letters of credit bear fees that are equivalent to the interest rate margin that is applicable to revolving loans that bear interest at the Term SOFR Rate plus other customary fees charged by the issuing bank. We paid certain customary loan origination fees in conjunction with the Loan Agreement.

We are also subject to customary events of default that, if triggered, could result in acceleration of the maturity of the Revolver Facility. Subject to certain exceptions, the Revolver Facility also limits distributions with respect to our equity interests, such as cash dividends and share repurchases, based on a defined ratio, and sets forth negative covenants that restrict indebtedness, liens, investments, sales of assets, fundamental changes and other matters.

2030 Convertible Senior Notes

On February 28, 2025, we issued $575.0 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes (“2030 Notes”). The net proceeds from the sale of the 2030 Notes were approximately $558.5 million after deducting issuance costs of $16.5 million.

The 2030 Notes are senior, unsecured obligations and are (i) equal in right of payment with our existing and future senior, unsecured indebtedness; (ii) senior in right of payment to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the 2030 Notes; (iii) effectively subordinated to our existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness; and (iv) structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, and (to the extent we are not a holder thereof) preferred equity, if any, of our subsidiaries. The 2030 Notes were issued pursuant to, and are governed by, an indenture (the “2030 Indenture”), dated as of February 28, 2025, between us and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, as trustee (the “2030 Note Trustee”).

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The 2030 Notes accrue interest at a rate of 2.00% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 15 and September 15 of each year, beginning on September 15, 2025. The 2030 Notes will mature on March 15, 2030, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. Before November 15, 2029, noteholders will have the right to convert their 2030 Notes only upon the occurrence of certain events, including but not limited to, the Company’s common stock trading above 130% of the conversion price for a specific period, the 2030 Notes per $1,000 in principal amount trading below 98% of the product of the trading price of the Company’s common stock and the conversion rate for a specific period, and certain fundamental changes to corporate structure. From and after November 15, 2029, noteholders may convert their 2030 Notes at any time at their election until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date. We will have the right to elect to settle conversions either entirely in cash or in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. The kind and amount of consideration due upon conversion will be determined based on the conversion value of the 2030 Notes, measured proportionately for each trading day in an “Observation Period” (as defined in the 2030 Indenture) consisting of 35 trading days, and settled following the completion of that Observation Period. The consideration due in respect of each trading day in the Observation Period will consist of cash, up to at least the proportional amount of the principal amount being converted, and any excess of the proportional conversion value for that trading day that will not be settled in cash will be settled in shares of our common stock. The initial conversion rate is 14.1377 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of 2030 Notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $70.73 per share of our common stock. The conversion rate and conversion price will be subject to customary adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events, but will not be adjusted for regular quarterly dividends that do not exceed the dividend threshold (initially equal to $0.27 per share of common stock as defined in the 2030 Indenture). In addition, if certain corporate events that constitute a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” (as defined in the 2030 Indenture) occur, then the conversion rate will, in certain circumstances, be increased for a specified period of time. As of July 1, 2025, the conversion rate for the 2030 Notes was 14.1377 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 2030 Notes, which represents a conversion price of approximately $70.73 per share of common stock.

The 2030 Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part (subject to certain limitations described below), at our option at any time, and from time to time, on or after March 20, 2028 and on or before the 35th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, but only if (i) the notes are “Freely Tradable” (as defined in the 2030 Indenture), and all accrued and unpaid additional interest, if any, has been paid in full, as of the date we send the related redemption notice; and (ii) the last reported sale price per share of our common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price on (1) each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date we send such redemption notice; and (2) the trading day immediately before the date we send such redemption notice. However, we may not redeem less than all of the outstanding 2030 Notes unless at least $150.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2030 Notes are outstanding and not called for redemption as of the time we send the related redemption notice. The redemption price will be a cash amount equal to the principal amount of the 2030 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. In addition, calling any 2030 Note for redemption will constitute a Make-Whole Fundamental Change with respect to that 2030 Note, in which case the conversion rate applicable to the conversion of that 2030 Note will be increased in certain circumstances if it is converted after it is called for redemption.

If certain corporate events that constitute a “Fundamental Change” (as defined in the 2030 Indenture) occur, then, subject to a limited exception for certain cash mergers, noteholders may require us to repurchase their 2030 Notes at a cash repurchase price equal to the principal amount of the 2030 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. The definition of Fundamental Change includes certain business combination transactions involving us and certain de-listing events with respect to our common stock.

The 2030 Notes have customary provisions relating to the occurrence of “Events of Default” (as defined in the 2030 Indenture), which include the following: (i) certain payment defaults on the 2030 Notes (which, in the case of a default in the payment of interest on the 2030 Notes, will be subject to a 30-day cure period); (ii) our failure to send certain notices under the 2030 Indenture within specified periods of time; (iii) our failure to comply with certain covenants in the 2030 Indenture relating to our ability to consolidate with or merge with or into, or sell, lease or otherwise transfer, in one transaction or a series of transactions, all or substantially all of our assets and our subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to another person; (iv) a default by us in our other obligations or agreements under the 2030 Indenture or the 2030 Notes if such default is not cured or waived within 60 days after notice is given in accordance with the 2030 Indenture; (v) certain defaults by us or any of our significant subsidiaries with respect to indebtedness for borrowed money of at least $20.0 million; (vi) the rendering of certain judgments against us or any of our significant subsidiaries for the payment of at least $50.0 million, where such judgments are not discharged or stayed within 60 days after the date on which the right to appeal has expired or on which all rights to appeal have been extinguished; and (vii) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization involving us or our significant subsidiaries.

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If an Event of Default involving bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization events with respect to us (and not solely with respect to our significant subsidiary) occurs, then the principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, all of the 2030 Notes then outstanding will immediately become due and payable without any further action or notice by any person. If any other Event of Default occurs and is continuing, then, the 2030 Note Trustee, by notice to us, or noteholders of at least 25% of the aggregate principal amount of 2030 Notes then outstanding, by notice to us and the 2030 Note Trustee, may declare the principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, all of the 2030 Notes then outstanding to become due and payable immediately. However, notwithstanding the foregoing, we may elect, at our option, that the sole remedy for an Event of Default relating to certain failures by us to comply with certain reporting covenants in the 2030 Indenture consists exclusively of the right of the noteholders to receive special interest on the 2030 Notes for up to 180 days at a specified rate per annum not exceeding 0.50% on the principal amount of the 2030 Notes.

As of July 1, 2025, the 2030 Notes had a gross principal balance of $575.0 million and a balance of $559.6 million, net of unamortized issuance costs of $15.4 million. The net carrying value of the 2030 Notes is included in long-term debt within total liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Total amortization expense was $0.8 million and $1.1 million during the thirteen and twenty-six weeks ended July 1, 2025. The effective interest rate for the 2030 Notes was 2.57% as of July 1, 2025.

2026 Convertible Senior Notes

On June 15, 2021, we issued $345.0 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior notes (“2026 Notes”). The net proceeds from the sale of the 2026 Notes were approximately $334.9 million after deducting issuance costs of $10.1 million. On February 28, 2025, we used part of the net proceeds from the issuance of the 2030 Notes to repurchase approximately $276.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes in a privately-negotiated transaction for aggregate consideration of $289.8 million (the “2026 Note Repurchase Transaction”). The 2026 Note Repurchase Transaction was accounted for as a debt extinguishment. The 2026 Note Repurchase Transactions resulted in a $15.9 million loss on early debt extinguishment in the first quarter of fiscal 2025, of which $2.1 million consisted of unamortized issuance costs.

The 2026 Notes are senior, unsecured obligations and are (i) equal in right of payment with our existing and future senior, unsecured indebtedness; (ii) senior in right of payment to our existing and future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the 2026 Notes; (iii) effectively subordinated to our existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness; and (iv) structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables, and (to the extent we are not a holder thereof) preferred equity, if any, of our subsidiaries. The 2026 Notes were issued pursuant to, and are governed by, an indenture (the “Base Indenture”) between us and a trustee (“2026 Note Trustee”), dated as of June 15, 2021, as supplemented by a first supplemental indenture (the “Supplemental Indenture,” and the Base Indenture, as supplemented by the Supplemental Indenture, the “2026 Indenture”), dated as of June 15, 2021, between the Company and the 2026 Note Trustee.

The 2026 Notes accrue interest at a rate of 0.375% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2021. The 2026 Notes will mature on June 15, 2026, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. Before February 17, 2026, noteholders will have the right to convert their 2026 Notes only upon the occurrence of certain events. From and after February 17, 2026, noteholders may convert their 2026 Notes at any time at their election until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date. We will have the right to elect to settle conversions either entirely in cash or in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. However, upon conversion of any 2026 Notes, the conversion value, which will be determined over an “Observation Period” (as defined in the 2026 Indenture) consisting of 30 trading days, will be paid in cash up to at least the principal amount of the Notes being converted. The initial conversion rate is 12.7551 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $78.40 per share of common stock. The conversion rate and conversion price will be subject to customary adjustments upon the occurrence of certain events. In addition, if certain corporate events that constitute a “Make-Whole Fundamental Change” (as defined in the 2026 Indenture) occur, then the conversion rate will, in certain circumstances, be increased for a specified period of time. As of July 1, 2025, the conversion rate for the 2026 Notes was 14.0195 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 2026 Notes, which represents a conversion price of approximately $71.33 per share of common stock. In connection with the cash dividend that was declared by our Board of Directors (“Board”) on July 23, 2025, on August 11, 2025 we will adjust the conversion rate (which is expected to increase) and the conversion price (which is expected to decrease) of the 2026 Notes in accordance with the terms.

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The 2026 Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part (subject to certain limitations described below), at our option at any time, and from time to time, on or after June 20, 2024 and on or before the 30th scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date, at a cash redemption price equal to the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if the last reported sale price per share of our common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price on (i) each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date we send the related redemption notice; and (ii) the trading day immediately before the date we send such notice. However, we may not redeem less than all of the outstanding Notes unless at least $150.0 million aggregate principal amount of Notes are outstanding and not called for redemption as of the time we send the related redemption notice. In addition, calling any Note for redemption will constitute a Make-Whole Fundamental Change with respect to that 2026 Note, in which case the conversion rate applicable to the conversion of that 2026 Note will be increased in certain circumstances if it is converted after it is called for redemption.

If certain corporate events that constitute a “Fundamental Change” (as defined in the 2026 Indenture) occur, then, subject to a limited exception for certain cash mergers, noteholders may require us to repurchase their 2026 Notes at a cash repurchase price equal to the principal amount of the 2026 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. The definition of Fundamental Change includes certain business combination transactions involving us and certain de-listing events with respect to our common stock.

The 2026 Notes have customary provisions relating to the occurrence of “Events of Default” (as defined in the 2026 Indenture), which include the following: (i) certain payment defaults on the 2026 Notes (which, in the case of a default in the payment of interest on the 2026 Notes, will be subject to a 30-day cure period); (ii) our failure to send certain notices under the 2026 Indenture within specified periods of time; (iii) our failure to comply with certain covenants in the Indenture relating to our ability to consolidate with or merge with or into, or sell, lease or otherwise transfer, in one transaction or a series of transactions, all or substantially all of our assets and our subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to another person; (iv) a default by us in our other obligations or agreements under the 2026 Indenture or the 2026 Notes if such default is not cured or waived within 60 days after notice is given in accordance with the 2026 Indenture; (v) certain defaults by us or any of our significant subsidiaries with respect to indebtedness for borrowed money of at least $20,000,000; (vi) the rendering of certain judgments against us or any of our significant subsidiaries for the payment of at least $25,000,000, where such judgments are not discharged or stayed within 60 days after the date on which the right to appeal has expired or on which all rights to appeal have been extinguished; and (vii) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization involving us or any of our significant subsidiaries.

If an Event of Default involving bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization events with respect to us (and not solely with respect to a significant subsidiary of ours) occurs, then the principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, all of the 2026 Notes then outstanding will immediately become due and payable without any further action or notice by any person. If any other Event of Default occurs and is continuing, then, the 2026 Note Trustee, by notice to us, or noteholders of at least 25% of the aggregate principal amount of 2026 Notes then outstanding, by notice to us and the 2026 Note Trustee, may declare the principal amount of, and all accrued and unpaid interest on, all of the 2026 Notes then outstanding to become due and payable immediately. However, notwithstanding the foregoing, we may elect, at our option, that the sole remedy for an Event of Default relating to certain failures by us to comply with certain reporting covenants in the 2026 Note Indenture consists exclusively of the right of the noteholders to receive special interest on the Notes for up to 180 days at a specified rate per annum not exceeding 0.50% on the principal amount of the Notes.

As of July 1, 2025, the 2026 Notes had a gross principal balance of $69.0 million and a balance of $68.6 million, net of unamortized issuance costs of $0.4 million. The net carrying value of the 2026 Notes is included in current portion of long-term debt within total current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Total amortization expense was $0.1 million and $0.5 million during the thirteen and twenty-six weeks ended July 1, 2025, respectively. Total amortization expense was $0.5 million and $1.0 million during the thirteen and twenty-six weeks ended July 2, 2024, respectively. The effective interest rate for the 2026 Notes was 0.96% as of July 1, 2025.

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6. Leases

Components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):


	Thirteen		Thirteen		Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024		July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024
Operating	$	41,871	$	38,158	$	82,983	$	75,548
Variable		24,102		23,438		46,934		45,901
Short-term		43		38		82		82
Total	$	66,016	$	61,634	$	129,999	$	121,531

Supplemental information related to leases (in thousands):


	Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases	$	95,254	$	76,556
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities		59,418		23,198

7. Commitments and Contingencies

On June 7, 2024, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) issued its examination report for tax years 2015 through 2020 in which it proposed to disallow a portion of our depreciation deductions and domestic production activity deductions and to assess penalties. On August 12, 2024, we submitted protest memoranda indicating our disagreement with a majority of the findings in the examination report, and our case is now under the jurisdiction of the Appeals Division (“Appeals”). We expect to hold an opening conference with Appeals later in fiscal 2025. Based on the current status of this matter, we have reserved an immaterial amount.

In addition, within the ordinary course of our business, we are subject to private lawsuits, government audits and investigations, administrative proceedings and other claims. These matters often involve claims from customers, staff members and others related to operational and employment issues common to the food service industry. A number of these claims may exist at any given time, and some of the claims may be pled as class actions. From time to time, we are also involved in lawsuits with respect to infringements of, or challenges to, our registered trademarks and other intellectual property, both domestically and abroad. We could be affected by adverse publicity and litigation costs resulting from such allegations, regardless of whether they are valid or whether we are legally determined to be liable.

At this time, we believe that the amount of reasonably possible losses resulting from final disposition of any pending lawsuits, audits, investigations, proceedings and claims will not have a material adverse effect individually or in the aggregate on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity. It is possible, however, that our future results of operations for a particular quarter or fiscal year could be impacted by changes in circumstances relating to lawsuits, audits, proceedings or claims. Legal costs related to such claims are expensed as incurred.

8. Stockholders’ Equity

Common Stock – Dividends and Share Repurchases

On April 24, 2025, our Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.27 per share which was paid on May 27, 2025 to the stockholders of record of each share of our common stock at the close of business on May 14, 2025. Future decisions to pay or to increase or decrease dividends are at the discretion of the Board and will be dependent on our operating performance, financial condition, capital expenditure requirements, limitations on cash distributions pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement and applicable law, and such other factors that the Board considers relevant. (See Notes 5 and 12 for further discussion of our debt and dividends declared subsequent to July 1, 2025, respectively.)

Under authorization by our Board to repurchase up to 61.0 million shares of our common stock, we have cumulatively repurchased 59.7 million shares at a total cost of $1,971.2 million, excluding excise tax, through July 1, 2025, with 2,525 shares and

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2.6 million shares repurchased at a cost of $0.1 million and $141.5 million, excluding excise tax, during the thirteen and twenty-six weeks ended July 1, 2025, respectively, inclusive of the 2.4 million shares of our common stock repurchased concurrently with the 2030 Notes issuance in privately negotiated transactions on February 28, 2025. Our objectives with regard to share repurchases have been to offset the dilution to our shares outstanding that result from equity compensation grants and to supplement our earnings per share growth.

Our share repurchase program does not have an expiration date, does not require us to purchase a specific number of shares and may be modified, suspended or terminated at any time. Share repurchases may be made from time to time in open market purchases, privately-negotiated transactions, accelerated share repurchase programs, issuer self-tender offers or otherwise. Future decisions to repurchase shares are at the discretion of the Board and are based on several factors, including current and forecasted operating cash flows, capital needs associated with new restaurant development and maintenance of existing locations, dividend payments, debt levels and cost of borrowing, obligations associated with the FRC acquisition agreement, our share price and current market conditions. The timing and number of shares repurchased are also subject to legal constraints and covenants under the Loan Agreement that limit share repurchases based on a defined ratio. (See Note 5 for further discussion of our debt.)

9. Stock-Based Compensation

We maintain stock-based incentive plans under which incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares and restricted share units may be granted to staff members, consultants and non-employee directors.

On March 26, 2025, our Board approved an amendment to our The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the Plan by 6.0 million shares to 13.15 million shares from 7.15 million shares (the “Plan Amendment”). This Plan Amendment was approved by our stockholders at our 2025 annual meeting held on May 22, 2025.

The following table presents information related to stock-based compensation, net of forfeitures (in thousands):


	Thirteen		Thirteen		Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024		July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024

Labor expenses	$	2,542	$	2,566	$	4,979	$	5,061
Other operating costs and expenses		101		78		200		156
General and administrative expenses		4,546		4,182		9,591		9,258
Total stock-based compensation		7,189		6,826		14,770		14,475
Income tax benefit		1,759		1,706		3,629		3,614
Total stock-based compensation, net of taxes	$	5,430	$	5,120	$	11,141	$	10,861

Capitalized stock-based compensation ⁽¹⁾	$	59	$	56	$	113	$	105

(1)

It is our policy to capitalize the portion of stock-based compensation costs for our internal development department that relates to capitalizable activities such as the design and construction of new restaurants, remodeling existing locations and equipment installation. Capitalized stock-based compensation is included in property and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets.

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Stock Options

We did not issue any stock options during the second quarters of fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024. Stock option activity during the twenty-six weeks ended July 1, 2025 was as follows:


				Weighted-
				Average
		Weighted-		Remaining
		Average		Contractual	Aggregate
	Shares	Exercise Price		Term	Intrinsic Value ⁽¹⁾
	(In thousands)	(Per share)		(In years)	(In thousands)
Outstanding at December 31, 2024	1,167	$	45.77	3.1	$	4,163.6
Granted	—		—
Exercised	(505)		45.56
Forfeited or cancelled	(154)		61.46
Outstanding at July 1, 2025	508	$	41.22	4.5	$	11,425.8

Exercisable at July 1, 2025	419	$	42.25	3.7	$	8,997.1

(1)

Aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between our closing stock price at fiscal period end and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options and represents the pre-tax amount that would have been received by the option holders, had they all exercised their options on the fiscal period-end date.

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the thirteen and twenty-six weeks ended July 1, 2025 was $2.8 million and $4.3 million, respectively. There were no options exercised during the thirteen and twenty-six weeks ended July 2, 2024. As July 1, 2025, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested stock options was $1.1 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted-average period of approximately 3.4 years.

Restricted Shares and Restricted Share Units

Restricted share and restricted share unit activity during the twenty-six weeks ended July 1, 2025 was as follows:


		Weighted-
		Average
	Shares	Fair Value
	(In thousands)	(Per share)
Outstanding at December 31, 2024	3,239	$	38.02
Granted	628		51.89
Vested	(614)		39.69
Forfeited	(69)		38.12
Outstanding at July 1, 2025	3,184	$	40.44

Fair value of our restricted shares and restricted share units is based on our closing stock price on the date of grant. The weighted average fair value for restricted shares and restricted share units issued during the second quarter of fiscal 2025 and 2024 was $52.35 and $37.25, respectively. The fair value of shares that vested during the thirteen and twenty-six weeks ended July 1, 2025 was $2.0 million and $24.4 million, respectively. The fair value of shares that vested during the thirteen and twenty-six weeks ended July 2, 2024 was $4.7 million and $22.5 million, respectively. As of July 1, 2025, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested restricted shares and restricted share units was $72.6 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted-average period of approximately 3.0 years.

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10. Net Income Per Share

Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, reduced by unvested restricted stock awards. As of July 1, 2025 and July 2, 2024, an aggregate of 3.2 million and 3.1 million shares, respectively, of restricted stock and restricted stock units issued were unvested and, therefore, excluded from the calculation of basic earnings per share for the fiscal periods ended on those dates.

Diluted net income per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common stock equivalents outstanding for the period. Common stock equivalents for the 2026 Notes and 2030 Notes are determined by application of the if-converted method, and common stock equivalents for outstanding stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units are determined by the application of the treasury stock method.


	Thirteen		Thirteen		Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024		July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024

	(In thousands, except per share data)
Net income	$	54,812	$	52,444	$	87,753	$	85,635

Basic weighted-average shares outstanding		46,391		47,702		46,958		47,726
Dilutive effect of equity awards ⁽¹⁾		1,711		1,073		1,721		959
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding		48,102		48,775		48,679		48,685

Basic net income per share	$	1.18	$	1.10	$	1.87	$	1.79

Diluted net income per share	$	1.14	$	1.08	$	1.80	$	1.76

(1)

Shares of common stock equivalents related to outstanding stock options, restricted stock and restricted stock units of 0.8 million and 2.6 million for July 1, 2025 and July 2, 2024, respectively, were excluded from the diluted calculation due to their anti-dilutive effect. No shares of common stock equivalents related to the 2026 Notes or 2030 Notes were included in the diluted calculation due to their anti-dilutive effect.

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11. Segment Information

Our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Financial Officer. Our CODM allocates resources and evaluates the performance of each operating segment based on the segment’s revenue and income/(loss) from operations, comparing actual results to historical and previously forecasted financial information. Significant expenses are expenses that are regularly provided to the CODM and are included in segment income/(loss). Our operating segments, are aligned with our strategic priorities and are the businesses for which our CODM reviews discrete financial information for decision-making purposes, are comprised of The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants, North Italia, Flower Child, the other FRC brands and our bakery division. Based on quantitative thresholds set forth in ASC 280, “Segment Reporting,” The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants, North Italia and the other FRC brands are the only businesses that meet the criteria of a reportable operating segment. The remaining operating segments (Flower Child and our bakery division) along with our businesses that do not qualify as operating segments are combined in Other. Unallocated corporate expenses, capital expenditures and assets are also combined in Other.

Segment information is presented below (in thousands):

For the thirteen weeks ended July 1, 2025


	The
	Cheesecake
	Factory		North		Other
	Restaurants		Italia		FRC		Other		Total
Revenues	$	683,257	$	90,830	$	90,178	$	91,560	$	955,825

Costs and expenses:
Food and beverage costs		147,377		19,835		19,794		18,837		205,843
Labor expenses		231,241		33,519		33,445		35,314		333,519
Other operating costs and expenses		178,142		24,057		27,229		26,294		255,722
General and administrative expenses		—		—		—		58,778		58,778
Depreciation and amortization expenses		16,196		3,074		3,264		4,326		26,860
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses		196		—		15		11		222
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses		—		—		315		697		1,012
Preopening costs		3,558		1,946		2,202		1,341		9,047
Total costs and expenses		576,710		82,431		86,264		145,598		891,003
Income/(loss) from operations	$	106,547	$	8,399	$	3,914	$	(54,038)	$	64,822

Capital expenditures	$	21,437	$	4,996	$	8,068	$	7,048	$	41,549

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For the thirteen weeks ended July 2, 2024


	The
	Cheesecake
	Factory		North		Other
	Restaurants		Italia		FRC		Other		Total
Revenues	$	676,697	$	75,514	$	73,637	$	78,194	$	904,042

Costs and expenses:
Food and beverage costs		151,768		17,412		16,648		15,866		201,694
Labor expenses		230,651		27,787		26,740		32,104		317,282
Other operating costs and expenses		174,345		21,074		21,368		22,310		239,097
General and administrative expenses		—		—		—		54,384		54,384
Depreciation and amortization expenses		16,257		2,322		2,790		3,591		24,960
Impairment of assets and lease termination (income)/expenses		267		—		—		(455)		(188)
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses		—		—		315		831		1,146
Preopening costs		2,374		1,412		2,186		1,003		6,975
Total costs and expenses		575,662		70,007		70,047		129,634		845,350
Income/(loss) from operations	$	101,035	$	5,507	$	3,590	$	(51,440)	$	58,692

Capital expenditures	$	11,701	$	5,433	$	6,861	$	5,192	$	29,187

For the twenty-six weeks ended July 1, 2025


	The
	Cheesecake
	Factory		North		Other
	Restaurants		Italia		FRC		Other		Total
Revenues	$	1,355,991	$	174,240	$	177,602	$	175,189	$	1,883,022

Costs and expenses:
Food and beverage costs		295,032		38,250		38,943		35,879		408,104
Labor expenses		464,632		65,436		65,007		69,519		664,594
Other operating costs and expenses		352,746		46,677		52,794		49,930		502,147
General and administrative expenses		—		—		—		118,710		118,710
Depreciation and amortization expenses		32,422		5,872		6,299		8,349		52,942
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses		271		—		315		14		600
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses		—		—		631		1,379		2,010
Preopening costs		4,908		4,626		4,995		2,605		17,134
Total costs and expenses		1,150,011		160,861		168,984		286,385		1,766,241
Income/(loss) from operations	$	205,980	$	13,379	$	8,618	$	(111,196)	$	116,781

Capital expenditures	$	47,588	$	11,126	$	10,748	$	14,903	$	84,365

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For the twenty-six weeks ended July 2, 2024


	The
	Cheesecake
	Factory		North		Other
	Restaurants		Italia		FRC		Other		Total
Revenues	$	1,344,491	$	146,388	$	147,866	$	156,520	$	1,795,265

Costs and expenses:
Food and beverage costs		305,338		34,449		33,234		31,926		404,947
Labor expenses		465,863		54,989		52,856		64,504		638,212
Other operating costs and expenses		346,826		40,566		42,138		43,108		472,638
General and administrative expenses		—		—		—		114,750		114,750
Depreciation and amortization expenses		33,100		4,293		5,215		7,108		49,716
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses/(income)		2,126		—		—		(231)		1,895
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses		—		—		631		1,636		2,267
Preopening costs		4,132		3,414		3,910		1,399		12,855
Total costs and expenses		1,157,385		137,711		137,984		264,200		1,697,280
Income/(loss) from operations	$	187,106	$	8,677	$	9,882	$	(107,680)	$	97,985

Capital expenditures	$	30,582	$	15,363	$	10,279	$	10,073	$	66,297

The following table presents information related to segment assets (in thousands):


	July 1, 2025		December 31, 2024
Total assets:
The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants	$	1,600,431	$	1,545,227
North Italia		434,688		419,812
Other FRC		441,432		420,957
Other		675,353		655,764
Total	$	3,151,904	$	3,041,760

12. Subsequent Events

On July 23, 2025, our Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.27 per share to be paid on August 26, 2025 to the stockholders of record of each share of our common stock at the close of business on August 12, 2025.

On July 4, 2025, the U.S. enacted H.R. 1 (a bill “To provide for reconciliation pursuant to Title II of H. Con. Res. 14”). The legislation includes several provisions that may impact the timing and magnitude of certain tax deductions and provides for the permanent extension of several business tax benefits originally introduced under the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Management is currently evaluating the provisions of H.R. 1 to determine the impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain information included in this Form 10-Q and other materials we have filed or may file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), as well as information included in oral or written statements made by us or on our behalf, may contain forward-looking statements about our current and presently expected performance trends, growth plans, business goals and other matters.

These statements may be contained in our filings with the SEC, in our press releases, in other written communications, and in oral statements made by or with the approval of one of our authorized officers. These statements are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as codified in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (together with the Securities Act, the “Acts”). This includes, without limitation, statements regarding corporate social responsibility (“CSR”) and in our CSR report, the effects of geopolitical and macroeconomic factors on our financial condition and our results of operations, financial guidance and projections, as well as expectations of our future financial condition, results of operations, sales, target growth rates, cash flows, quarterly dividends, share repurchases, capital structure and leverage, corporate strategy, potential price increases, plans, targets, goals, objectives, performance, growth potential, competitive position and business, and statements regarding our ability to: leverage our competitive strengths, including developing and investing in new restaurant concepts and expanding The Cheesecake Factory® brand to other retail opportunities; maintain our aggregate sales volumes; deliver comparable sales growth; provide a differentiated experience to customers; outperform the casual dining industry and increase our market share; leverage sales increases and manage flow through; manage market risks and cost pressures, including increasing wage rates and insurance costs, and increase margins; grow earnings; remain relevant to consumers; attract and retain qualified management and other staff; increase shareholder value; find suitable sites and manage increasing construction costs; profitably expand our concepts domestically and in Canada, and work with our licensees to expand The Cheesecake Factory internationally; support the growth of North Italia, Flower Child and additional brands within our Fox Restaurant Concepts (“Other FRC”) restaurants; and utilize our capital effectively. These forward-looking statements may be affected by various factors including: economic, public health and political conditions that impact consumer confidence and spending, including trade policy, changes in interest rates, periods of heightened inflation and market instability, and armed conflicts; supply chain disruptions; demonstrations, political unrest, potential damage to or closure of our restaurants and potential reputational damage to us or any of our brands; pandemics and related containment measures, including the potential for quarantines or restriction on in-person dining; acceptance and success of The Cheesecake Factory in international markets; acceptance and success of North Italia, Flower Child and Other FRC concepts; the risks of doing business abroad through Company-owned restaurants and/or licensees; foreign exchange rates, tariffs and cross border taxation; changes in unemployment rates; increases in minimum wages and benefit costs; the economic health of our landlords and other tenants in retail centers in which our restaurants are located, and our ability to successfully manage our lease arrangements with landlords; the economic health of suppliers, licensees, vendors and other third parties providing goods or services to us; the timing of our new unit development and related permitting; compliance with debt covenants; strategic capital allocation decisions including with respect to share repurchases or dividends; the ability to achieve projected financial results; the resolution of uncertain tax positions with the Internal Revenue Service and the impact of tax reform legislation, including the provisions of H.R. I enacted on July 4, 2025; changes in laws impacting our business; adverse weather conditions and natural disasters in regions in which our restaurants are located; factors that are under the control of government agencies, landlords and other third parties; the risks, costs and uncertainties associated with opening new restaurants; and other risks and uncertainties detailed from time to time in our filings with the SEC. Such forward-looking statements include all other statements that are not historical facts, as well as statements that are preceded by, followed by or that include words or phrases such as “believe,” “plan,” “will likely result,” “expect,” “intend,” “will continue,” “is anticipated,” “estimate,” “project,” “may,” “could,” “would,” “should” and similar expressions. These statements are based on our current expectations and involve risks and uncertainties which may cause results to differ materially from those set forth in such statements.

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In connection with the “safe harbor” provisions of the Acts, we have identified and are disclosing important factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those projected in forward-looking statements made by us, or on our behalf. (See Part II, Item 1A of this report, “Risk Factors,” and Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.) These cautionary statements are to be used as a reference in connection with any forward-looking statements. The factors, risks and uncertainties identified in these cautionary statements are in addition to those contained in any other cautionary statements, written or oral, which may be made or otherwise addressed in connection with a forward-looking statement or contained in any of our subsequent filings with the SEC. Because of these factors, risks and uncertainties, we caution against placing undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the assumptions underlying forward-looking statements are currently reasonable, any of the assumptions could be incorrect or incomplete, and there can be no assurance that forward-looking statements will prove to be accurate. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements or to make any other forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless required to do so by law.

The below discussion and analysis, which contains forward-looking statements, should be read in conjunction with our interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes in Part I, Item 1 of this report, Part II, Item 1A of this report, “Risk Factors,” and with the following items included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024: the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes in Part IV, Item 15; “Risk Factors” included in Part I, Item 1A; “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Part II, Item 7; and the cautionary statements included throughout this Form 10-Q. The inclusion of supplementary analytical and related information herein may require us to make estimates and assumptions to enable us to fairly present, in all material respects, our analysis of trends and expectations with respect to our results of operations and financial position.

Geopolitical and Other Macroeconomic Impacts to our Operating Environment

The impact of ongoing geopolitical and macroeconomic events could lead to further wage inflation, product and services cost inflation, disruptions in the supply chain, staffing challenges, shifts in consumer behavior, and delays in new restaurant openings. Adverse weather conditions and natural disasters may further exacerbate a number of these factors. For more information regarding the risks to our business relating to the geopolitical and macroeconomic events, see Part II, Item 1A of this report, “Risk Factors,” and “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.

General

The Cheesecake Factory Incorporated is a leader in experiential dining. We are culinary forward and relentlessly focused on hospitality. We currently own and operate 363 restaurants throughout the United States and Canada under brands including The Cheesecake Factory^® (216 locations), North Italia^® (46 locations), Flower Child^® (42 locations) and additional brands within our FRC portfolio (52 locations). Internationally, 34 The Cheesecake Factory^® restaurants operate under licensing agreements. Our bakery division operates two facilities that produce quality cheesecakes and other baked products for our restaurants, international licensees and third-party bakery customers.

Overview

Our strategy is driven by our commitment to customer satisfaction and is focused primarily on menu innovation, service and operational execution to differentiate ourselves from other restaurant concepts and drive competitively strong performance that is sustainable. Financially, we are focused on prudently managing expenses at our restaurants, bakery facilities and corporate support center, and leveraging our size to make the best use of our purchasing power.

Investing in new Company-owned restaurant development is our top long-term capital allocation priority, with a focus on opening our concepts in premier locations within both new and existing markets. We plan to continue expanding The Cheesecake Factory, North Italia and Flower Child concepts. In addition, our FRC subsidiary serves as an incubator, innovating new food, dining and hospitality experiences to create fresh, exciting concepts.

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Our revenue growth is primarily driven by new restaurant openings and increases in comparable restaurant sales.

For The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants, our strategy is to increase comparable restaurant sales by growing average check and maintaining customer traffic through (1) continuing to offer innovative, high quality menu items that offer customers a wide range of options in terms of flavor, price and value, (2) focusing on service and hospitality with the goal of delivering an exceptional dining experience and (3) continuing to provide our customers with convenient options for off-premise dining. We are continuing our efforts on a number of initiatives, including menu innovation, increasing customer throughput in our restaurants, leveraging our gift card program, partnering with a third party to provide delivery services for our restaurants, increasing customer awareness of our online ordering capabilities and improving the pick-up experience, augmenting our marketing programs, including our Cheesecake Rewards^® program, enhancing our training programs and leveraging insights from our customer satisfaction measurement platform.

Average check variations are driven by menu price increases and/or changes in menu mix. We generally update The Cheesecake Factory menus twice a year, and our philosophy is to use price increases to help offset key operating cost increases in a manner that supports both our margin and customer traffic objectives. Prior to fiscal 2022, we targeted menu price increases of approximately 2% to 3% annually, utilizing a market-based strategy to help mitigate cost pressure in higher-wage geographies. In fiscal years 2023 and 2024, we implemented price increases above our historical levels, to help offset significant inflationary cost pressures. We will continue to take the cost and inflationary environment into consideration when implementing future pricing decisions. In addition, on a regular basis, we carefully consider opportunities to adjust our menu offerings or ingredients to help manage product availability and cost.

Margins are subject to fluctuations in commodity costs, labor, restaurant-level occupancy expenses, general and administrative (“G&A”) expenses and preopening expenses. Our objective is to drive margin expansion by leveraging incremental sales to increase restaurant-level margins at The Cheesecake Factory concept, leveraging our bakery operations, international and consumer packaged goods royalty revenue streams and G&A expense over time and optimizing our restaurant portfolio.

We plan to employ a balanced capital allocation strategy comprised of investing in new restaurants that are expected to meet our targeted returns, managing our aggregate debt levels and returning capital to shareholders through our dividend and share repurchase programs, the latter of which offsets dilution from our equity compensation program and supports our earnings per share growth. Future decisions to pay or to increase or decrease dividends or to repurchase shares are at the discretion of the Board and will be dependent on a number of factors, including limitations pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement and applicable law.

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Results of Operations

The following table presents, for the periods indicated, information from our condensed consolidated statements of income expressed as percentages of revenues. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year.


	Thirteen		Thirteen		Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024		July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024
Revenues	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

Costs and expenses:
Food and beverage costs	21.6		22.3		21.7		22.6
Labor expenses	34.9		35.1		35.3		35.5
Other operating costs and expenses	26.8		26.4		26.7		26.3
General and administrative expenses	6.1		6.0		6.3		6.4
Depreciation and amortization expenses	2.8		2.8		2.8		2.8
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses/(income)	0.0		0.0		0.0		0.1
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses	0.1		0.1		0.1		0.1
Preopening costs	0.9		0.8		0.9		0.7
Total costs and expenses	93.2		93.5		93.8		94.5
Income from operations	6.8		6.5		6.2		5.5
Interest expense, net	(0.3)		(0.3)		(0.3)		(0.3)
Loss on extinguishment of debt,	—		—		(0.8)		—
Other income, net	0.0		0.0		(0.0)		0.0
Income before income taxes	6.5		6.2		5.1		5.2
Income tax provision	0.8		0.4		0.4		0.4
Net income	5.7	%	5.8	%	4.7	%	4.8	%

Thirteen Weeks Ended July 1, 2025 Compared to Thirteen Weeks Ended July 2, 2024

Revenues

Revenues increased 5.7% to $955.8 million for the fiscal quarter ended July 1, 2025 compared to $904.0 million for the comparable prior year period, primarily due to additional revenue related to new restaurant openings and an increase in comparable restaurant sales.

The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants sales increased 1.0% to $683.3 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2025, compared to $676.7 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2024. Average sales per restaurant operating week increased 1.8% to $245,335 in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 from $240,989 in the second quarter of fiscal 2024. Total operating weeks at The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants decreased 0.8% to 2,785 in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 compared to 2,808 in the prior year. The Cheesecake Factory comparable sales increased by 1.2%, or $8.1 million, from the second quarter of fiscal 2024 primarily driven by an increase in average check of 2.3% (based on an increase of 4.4% in menu pricing, partially offset by a 2.1% negative change from menu mix), partially offset by decreased customer traffic of 1.1%. We implemented menu price increases of approximately 2.4% and 2.0% in the first quarter of fiscal 2025 and the third quarter of fiscal 2024, respectively. We are in the process of implementing approximately a 1.5% menu price increase in the third quarter of fiscal 2025. Sales through the off-premise channel comprised approximately 21% of our restaurant sales during both the second quarter of fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024. We account for each off-premise order as one customer for traffic measurement purposes. Therefore, average check is generally higher for off-premise orders as most are for more than one customer.

North Italia sales increased 20.3% to $90.8 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2025, compared to $75.5 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2024. Average sales per restaurant operating week increased 1.6% to $153,689 in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 from $151,330 in the second quarter of fiscal 2024. Total operating weeks at North Italia increased 18.4% to 591 in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 compared to 499 in the prior year. North Italia comparable sales decreased approximately 1% from the second quarter of fiscal 2024. The decrease from fiscal 2024 was primarily driven by decreased customer traffic of 4%, partially offset by an

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increase in average check of 3% (based on an increase of 4% in menu pricing, partially offset by a 1% negative impact from mix). We implemented menu price increases of approximately 2.0% and 2.3% in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 and the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024, respectively.

Flower Child sales increased 34.8% to $48.2 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2025, compared to $35.7 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2024. Flower Child sales per restaurant operating week increased 6.4% to $91,400 in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 from $85,867 in the second quarter of fiscal 2024. Total operating weeks at Flower Child increased 26.7% to 527 in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 compared to 416 in the prior year. Flower Child comparable sales increased approximately 4% from the second quarter of fiscal 2024. The increase from the second quarter of fiscal 2024 includes an increase of 1.5% in menu pricing.

Other FRC sales increased 22.5% to $90.2 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2025, compared to $73.6 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2024. Other FRC average sales per restaurant operating week increased 2.0% to $136,841 in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 from $134,131 in the second quarter of fiscal 2024. Average sales per restaurant operating week were impacted by new restaurant openings, as well as the concept mix and an increase in comparable sales. Total operating weeks at Other FRC increased 20.0% to 659 in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 compared to 549 in the prior year.

Restaurants become eligible to enter the comparable sales base in their 19^th month of operation. As of July 1, 2025, there were three The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants, 11 North Italia restaurants and 12 Flower Child locations not yet in their respective comparable sales bases. International licensed locations and restaurants that are no longer in operation, including those which we have relocated, are excluded from comparable sales calculations.

Food and Beverage Costs

Food and beverage costs consist of raw materials and ingredients used in the food and beverage products sold in our restaurants and to our third-party bakery customers. As a percentage of revenues cost of sales was 21.6% and 22.3% in the second quarters of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively, primarily due to favorable commodity inflation across most categories (0.6%).

Labor Expenses

As a percentage of revenues, labor expenses, which include restaurant-level labor costs and bakery production labor, including associated fringe benefits, were 34.9% and 35.1% in the second quarters of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. This decrease was primarily due to menu price increases in excess of wage rate inflation, and improved staffing levels and productivity (0.7%), partially offset by higher group medical costs due to larger claim activity (0.5%).

Other Operating Costs and Expenses

Other operating costs and expenses consist of all other restaurant-level operating costs, the major components of which are occupancy expenses (rent, common area expenses, insurance, licenses, taxes and utilities), dining room and to-go supplies, repairs and maintenance, janitorial expenses, credit card processing fees, marketing including delivery commissions, and incentive compensation, as well as bakery production overhead. As a percentage of revenues, other operating costs and expenses were 26.8% and 26.4% in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. This variance was primarily driven by higher facility related costs (0.3%).

Impairment of Assets and Lease Termination Expenses

During the second quarter of fiscal 2025, we recorded impairment of assets and lease termination expenses of $0.2 million primarily related to lease termination costs for one The Cheesecake Factory location. During the second quarter of fiscal 2024, we recorded impairment of assets and lease terminations income of $0.2 million primarily related to lease termination income for one Flower Child location.

Preopening Costs

Preopening costs were $9.0 million and $7.0 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. We opened two The Cheesecake Factory, one North Italia, three Flower Child and two Other FRC locations in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 compared to one The Cheesecake Factory, one North Italia, two Flower Child and one Other FRC locations in the second quarter of fiscal 2024. Restaurant-level preopening costs include all costs to relocate and compensate restaurant management staff members during the preopening period, costs to recruit and train hourly restaurant staff members, and wages, travel and lodging costs for our opening training team and other support staff members. Also included in preopening costs are expenses for maintaining a roster of

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trained managers for pending opening and the associated temporary housing and other costs necessary to relocate managers in alignment with future restaurant opening and operating needs. Preopening costs can fluctuate significantly from period to period based on the number, mix and timing of restaurant openings and the specific preopening costs incurred for each restaurant.

Income Tax Provision

Our effective income tax rate was 11.9% and 6.9% for the second quarter of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase was primarily due to leverage on higher annual forecasted income before taxes, predominantly related to employment credits (2.4%), non-deductible costs in fiscal 2025 associated with the repurchase of our 2026 Notes (2.2%), an increase in non-deductible executive compensation (1.1%) and a change to our reserve for uncertain tax positions (0.9%). These factors were offset by higher employment credits in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 (1.2%).

Twenty-Six Weeks Ended July 1, 2025 Compared to Twenty-Six Weeks Ended July 2, 2024

Revenues increased 4.9% to $1,883.0 million for the first six months ended July 1, 2025 compared to $1,795.3 million for the comparable prior year period, primarily due to additional revenue related to new restaurant openings and an increase in comparable restaurant sales.

The Cheesecake Factory Restaurants sales increased 0.9% to $1,356.0 million for the for the first six months of fiscal 2025, compared to $1,344.5 million for the first six months of fiscal 2024. Average sales per restaurant operating week increased 1.5% to $243,009 in the first six months of fiscal 2025 from $239,446 in the first six months of fiscal 2024. Total operating weeks at The Cheesecake Factory restaurants decreased 0.6% to 5,580 in the first six months of fiscal 2025 compared to 5,615 in the prior year. The Cheesecake Factory comparable sales increased by 1.1%, or $14.6 million, from the first six months of fiscal 2024 primarily driven by an increase in average check of 2.2% (based on an increase of 4.4% in menu pricing, partially offset by a 2.2% negative change from menu mix), partially offset by decreased customer traffic of 1.1%. Sales through the off-premise channel comprised approximately 21% of our restaurant sales during both the first six months of fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2024.

North Italia sales increased 19.0% to $174.2 million for the first six months of fiscal 2025, compared to $146.4 million for the first six months of fiscal 2024. Average sales per restaurant operating week increased 1.2% to $151,382 in the first six months of fiscal 2025 from $149,528 in the first six months of fiscal 2024. Total operating weeks at North Italia increased 17.6% to 1,151 in the first six months of fiscal 2025 compared to 979 in the prior year. North Italia comparable sales decreased approximately 1% from the first six months of fiscal 2024. The decrease from fiscal 2024 was primarily driven by decreased customer traffic of 4%, partially offset by an increase in average check of 3% (based on an increase of 4% in menu pricing, partially offset by a 1% negative impact from mix).

Flower Child sales increased 30.5% to $91.6 million for the first six months of fiscal 2025, compared to $70.2 million for the first six months of fiscal 2024. Flower Child sales per restaurant operating week increased 6.1% to $89,920 in the first six months of fiscal 2025 from $84,775 in the first six months of fiscal 2024. Total operating weeks at Flower Child increased 23.1% to 1,019 in the first six months of fiscal 2025 compared to 828 in the prior year. Flower Child comparable sales increased approximately 5% from fiscal 2024. The increase from fiscal 2024 includes an increase of 2% in menu pricing.

Other FRC sales increased 20.1% to $177.6 million for the first six months of fiscal 2025, compared to $147.9 million for the first six months of fiscal 2024. Other FRC average sales per restaurant operating week increased 0.9% to $138,212 in the first six months of fiscal 2025 from $137,040 in the first six months of fiscal 2024. Average sales per restaurant operating week were impacted by new restaurant openings, as well as the concept mix and an increase in comparable sales. Total operating weeks at Other FRC increased 19.1% to 1,285 in the first six months of fiscal 2025 compared to 1,079 in the prior year.

Food and Beverage Costs

As a percentage of revenues cost of sales was 21.7% and 22.6% in the first six months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively, primarily due to favorable commodity inflation across most categories (0.6%) and a shift in sales mix (0.2%).

Labor Expenses

As a percentage of revenues, labor expenses, were 35.3% and 35.5% in the first six months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. This decrease was primarily due to menu price increases in excess of wage rate inflation, and improved staffing levels

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and productivity (0.8%), partially offset by higher group medical costs due to larger claim activity (0.3%) and higher payroll taxes (0.1%).

Other Operating Costs and Expenses

As a percentage of revenues, other operating costs and expenses were 26.7% and 26.3% in the first six months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. This variance was primarily driven by higher facility related costs (0.2%).

Impairment of Assets and Lease Termination Expenses

During the first six months of fiscal 2025, we recorded impairment of assets and lease termination expenses of $0.6 million primarily related to lease termination costs for one The Cheesecake Factory and one Other FRC location. During the first six months of fiscal 2024, we recorded impairment of assets and lease terminations expense of $1.9 million primarily related to impairment of assets for one The Cheesecake Factory location and lease termination costs for one The Cheesecake Factory and one Flower Child location.

Preopening Costs

Preopening costs were $17.1 million and $12.9 million in the first six months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. We opened two The Cheesecake Factory, four North Italia, six Flower Child and four Other FRC locations in the first half of fiscal 2025 compared to one The Cheesecake Factory, three North Italia, three Flower Child and three Other FRC locations in the first half of fiscal 2024.

Loss on Extinguishment of Debt

We recorded a $15.9 million loss on early debt extinguishment in the first quarter of fiscal 2025. On February 28, 2025, we repurchased approximately $276.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes (as defined below) for aggregate consideration of $289.8 million, which included a premium of $13.8 million. The repurchase was accounted for as a debt extinguishment. In addition, we recorded $2.1 million of unamortized issuance costs. (See Note 5 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report for further discussion on our debt.)

Income Tax Provision

Our effective income tax rate was 9.3% and 8.8% for the first six months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase was primarily due to leverage on higher annual forecasted income before taxes, predominantly related to employment credits (2.3%), non-deductible costs in fiscal 2025 associated with the repurchase of our 2026 Notes (1.4%), a change to our reserve for uncertain tax positions (0.6%) and an increase in non-deductible executive compensation (0.4%). These factors were partially offset by a tax windfall in the first six months of fiscal 2025 as compared to a tax shortfall in the comparable prior period related to equity compensation (2.8%) and higher employment tax credits in the first six months of fiscal 2025 (1.5%).

Non-GAAP Measures

Adjusted net income, adjusted diluted net income per share and adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) are supplemental measures of our performance that are not required by or presented in accordance with GAAP. These non-GAAP measures may not be comparable to similarly-titled measures used by other companies and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for measures of performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. We calculate these non-GAAP measures by eliminating from net income, diluted net income per common share and EBITDA the impact of items we do not consider indicative of our ongoing operations. Additionally, EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA exclude the impact of certain non-cash transactions. We use these non-GAAP financial measures for financial and operational decision-making and as a means to evaluate period-to-period comparisons. Our inclusion of these adjusted measures should not be construed as an indication that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or infrequent items. In the future, we may incur expenses or generate income similar to the adjusted items.

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Following is a reconciliation from net income and diluted net income per share to the corresponding adjusted measures (in thousands, except per share data):


	Thirteen		Thirteen		Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024		July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024

Net income	$	54,812	$	52,444	$	87,753	$	85,635
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses/(income)		222		(188)		600		1,895
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses		1,012		1,146		2,010		2,267
Loss on extinguishment of debt ⁽¹⁾		—		—		15,891		—
Tax effect of adjustments ⁽²⁾		(321)		(249)		(4,811)		(1,082)
Adjusted net income	$	55,725	$	53,153	$	101,443	$	88,715

Diluted net income per share	$	1.14	$	1.08	$	1.80	$	1.76
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses/(income)		0.00		(0.00)		0.01		0.04
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses		0.02		0.02		0.04		0.05
Loss on extinguishment of debt ⁽¹⁾		—		—		0.33		—
Tax effect of adjustments⁽²⁾		(0.01)		(0.01)		(0.10)		(0.02)
Adjusted diluted net income per share⁽²⁾	$	1.16	$	1.09	$	2.08	$	1.82

(1)	See Note 5 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report for further discussion on our debt.

(2)	Based on the federal statutory rate and an estimated blended state tax rate, the tax effect on all adjustments assumes a 26% tax rate.

(3)	Adjusted net income per share may not add due to rounding.

Following is a reconciliation from net income to EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA measures (in thousands):


	Thirteen		Thirteen		Twenty-Six		Twenty-Six
	Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended		Weeks Ended
	July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024		July 1, 2025		July 2, 2024

Net income	$	54,812	$	52,444	$	87,753	$	85,635
Depreciation and amortization expenses		26,860		24,960		52,942		49,716
Interest expense, net		2,873		2,761		5,201		5,539
Income tax provision		7,417		3,900		8,959		8,241
EBITDA	$	91,962	$	84,065	$	154,855	$	149,131
Impairment of assets and lease termination expenses/(income)		222		(188)		600		1,895
Acquisition-related contingent consideration, compensation and amortization expenses		1,012		1,146		2,010		2,267
Loss on extinguishment of debt		—		—		15,891		—
Stock-based compensation ⁽¹⁾		7,189		6,826		14,770		14,475
Adjusted EBITDA	$	100,385	$	91,849	$	188,126	$	167,768

(1)	See Note 9 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1 of this report for further discussion of stock-based compensation.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our corporate financial objectives are to maintain a sufficiently strong and conservative balance sheet to support our operating initiatives and unit growth w

CHEESECAKE FACTORY INC 10-Q