UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF

THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File No.: 0-51952

ALLIANCE HOLDINGS GP, L.P.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	03-0573898
(State or other jurisdiction of	(IRS Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)

1717 South Boulder Avenue, Suite 400, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74119

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

(918) 295-1415

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes [ ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). [ X ] Yes [ ] No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer [ ]	Accelerated Filer [ X ]	Non-Accelerated Filer [ ]	Smaller Reporting Company [ ]
		(Do not check if smaller reporting company)
Emerging Growth Company [ ]

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). [ ] Yes [X] No

As of May 7, 2018, 59,863,000 common units are outstanding.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS


PART I

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

		Page
ITEM 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)

	ALLIANCE HOLDINGS GP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017	1

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017	2

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017	3

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017	4

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	5

ITEM 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	26

ITEM 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	35

ITEM 4.	Controls and Procedures	36

	Forward Looking Statements	38

PART II

OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.	Legal Proceedings	40

ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors	40

ITEM 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	40

ITEM 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	40

ITEM 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	40

ITEM 5.	Other Information	40

ITEM 6.	Exhibits	41

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PART I

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ALLIANCE HOLDINGS GP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except unit data)

(Unaudited)


	March 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	30,700	$	8,643
Trade receivables		157,798		181,671
Other receivables		229		146
Due from affiliates		11		25
Inventories, net		83,944		60,275
Advance royalties, net		2,856		4,510
Prepaid expenses and other assets		19,864		28,192
Total current assets		295,402		283,462
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT:
Property, plant and equipment, at cost		2,983,666		2,934,188
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization		(1,520,732)		(1,457,532)
Total property, plant and equipment, net		1,462,934		1,476,656
OTHER ASSETS:
Advance royalties, net		50,800		39,660
Equity method investments		158,669		147,964
Equity securities		110,122		106,398
Goodwill		136,399		136,399
Other long-term assets		30,442		30,712
Total other assets		486,432		461,133
TOTAL ASSETS	$	2,244,768	$	2,221,251

LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable	$	93,577	$	97,371
Due to affiliates		—		771
Accrued taxes other than income taxes		20,307		20,366
Accrued payroll and related expenses		34,530		35,801
Accrued interest		12,499		5,005
Workers' compensation and pneumoconiosis benefits		10,769		10,729
Current capital lease obligations		28,948		28,613
Other current liabilities		16,732		19,071
Current maturities, long-term debt, net		40,000		72,400
Total current liabilities		257,362		290,127
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES:
Long-term debt, excluding current maturities, net		386,703		415,937
Pneumoconiosis benefits		72,509		71,875
Accrued pension benefit		42,906		45,317
Workers' compensation		46,861		46,694
Asset retirement obligations		126,287		126,750
Long-term capital lease obligations		50,634		57,091
Other liabilities		20,055		14,587
Total long-term liabilities		745,955		778,251
Total liabilities		1,003,317		1,068,378

PARTNERS’ CAPITAL:
Alliance Holdings GP, L.P. ("AHGP") Partners' Capital:
Limited Partners – Common Unitholders 59,863,000 units outstanding		685,127		626,831
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(34,087)		(34,820)
Total AHGP Partners' Capital		651,040		592,011
Noncontrolling interests		590,411		560,862
Total Partners’ Capital		1,241,451		1,152,873
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS’ CAPITAL	$	2,244,768	$	2,221,251

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ALLIANCE HOLDINGS GP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(In thousands, except unit and per unit data)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018		2017

SALES AND OPERATING REVENUES:
Coal sales	$	423,610	$	438,744
Transportation revenues		19,785		9,596
Other sales and operating revenues		13,641		12,665
Total revenues		457,036		461,005

EXPENSES:
Operating expenses (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization)		277,238		262,027
Transportation expenses		19,785		9,596
Outside coal purchases		1,374		—
General and administrative		17,145		16,447
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		61,848		65,127
Settlement gain		(80,000)		—
Total operating expenses		297,390		353,197

INCOME FROM OPERATIONS		159,646		107,808
Interest expense (net of interest capitalized for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 of $265 and $81, respectively)		(10,858)		(7,516)
Interest income		68		25
Equity method investment income		3,736		3,700
Equity securities income		3,724		—
Other (expense) income		(847)		533
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES		155,469		104,550

INCOME TAX EXPENSE		(10)		(12)

NET INCOME		155,479		104,562

LESS: NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS		(51,759)		(49,551)

NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO ALLIANCE HOLDINGS GP, L.P. ("NET INCOME OF AHGP")	$	103,720	$	55,011

BASIC AND DILUTED NET INCOME OF AHGP PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT	$	1.73	$	0.92

DISTRIBUTIONS PAID PER LIMITED PARTNER UNIT	$	0.7425	$	0.55

WEIGHTED AVERAGE NUMBER OF UNITS OUTSTANDING – BASIC AND DILUTED		59,863,000		59,863,000

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ALLIANCE HOLDINGS GP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018		2017

NET INCOME	$	155,479	$	104,562

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS):

Defined benefit pension plan:
Amortization of prior service cost (1)		47		47
Amortization of net actuarial loss (1)		969		773
Total defined benefit pension plan adjustments		1,016		820

Pneumoconiosis benefits:
Amortization of net actuarial loss (gain) (1)		1		(567)
Total pneumoconiosis benefits adjustments		1		(567)

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)		1,017		253

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME		156,496		104,815

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests		(52,043)		(49,649)

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO AHGP	$	104,453	$	55,166

(1)

Amortization of prior service cost and net actuarial gain or loss is included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (see Notes 11 and 13 for additional details).

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ALLIANCE HOLDINGS GP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018		2017

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:	$	224,311	$	176,552

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Property, plant and equipment:
Capital expenditures		(51,525)		(30,346)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities		(15)		2,144
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment		7		453
Contributions to equity method investments		(11,400)		(9,287)
Distributions received from investments in excess of cumulative earnings		736		1,191
Net cash used in investing activities		(62,197)		(35,845)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Borrowings under securitization facility		37,600		—
Payments under securitization facility		(70,000)		—
Borrowings under revolving credit facilities		70,000		—
Payments under revolving credit facilities		(100,000)		(25,000)
Payments on capital lease obligations		(6,974)		(6,678)
Payment of debt issuance costs		—		(6,664)
Contributions to consolidated company from affiliate noncontrolling interest		—		251
Net settlement of withholding taxes on ARLP’s issuance of units in deferred compensation plans		(2,081)		(2,988)
Contribution by limited partner - affiliate		—		800
Distributions paid by consolidated partnership to noncontrolling interests		(23,257)		(19,810)
Distributions paid to Partners		(44,449)		(32,925)
Other		(896)		(190)
Net cash used in financing activities		(140,057)		(93,204)
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		22,057		47,503
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD		8,643		44,525
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD	$	30,700	$	92,028

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid for interest	$	2,995	$	4,708

NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITY:
Accounts payable for purchase of property, plant and equipment	$	15,621	$	10,376
Assets acquired by capital lease	$	835	$	—
Market value of ARLP common units issued under deferred compensation plans before tax withholding requirements	$	6,142	$	8,149

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ALLIANCE HOLDINGS GP, L.P. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. ORGANIZATION AND PRESENTATION

Significant Relationships Referenced in Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

References to "we," "us," "our" or "AHGP" mean Alliance Holdings GP, L.P., individually as the parent company, and not on a consolidated basis.

References to "AHGP Partnership" mean the business and operations of Alliance Holdings GP, L.P., the parent company, as well as its consolidated subsidiaries, including MGP II, LLC ("MGP II"), Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC and Alliance Resource Partners, L.P. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

References to "AGP" mean Alliance GP, LLC, the general partner of Alliance Holdings GP, L.P., also referred to as our general partner.

References to "ARLP Partnership" mean the business and operations of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., the parent company, as well as its consolidated subsidiaries.

References to "ARLP" mean Alliance Resource Partners, L.P., individually as the parent company, and not on a consolidated basis.

References to "MGP" mean Alliance Resource Management GP, LLC, ARLP's sole general partner and, prior to the Exchange Transaction discussed below, its managing general partner.

References to "SGP" mean Alliance Resource GP, LLC, ARLP's special general partner prior to the Exchange Transaction discussed below.

References to "Intermediate Partnership" mean Alliance Resource Operating Partners, L.P., the intermediate partnership of Alliance Resource Partners, L.P.

References to "Alliance Resource Properties" mean Alliance Resource Properties, LLC, the land-holding company for the mining operations of Alliance Resource Operating Partners, L.P.

References to "Alliance Coal" mean Alliance Coal, LLC, the holding company for the mining operations of Alliance Resource Operating Partners, L.P.

Organization

We are a Delaware limited partnership listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the ticker symbol "AHGP." We own directly and indirectly 100% of the members' interest in MGP, ARLP's sole general partner. The ARLP Partnership is a diversified producer and marketer of coal to major United States ("U.S.") utilities and industrial users. ARLP conducts substantially all of its business through its wholly owned subsidiary, the Intermediate Partnership. Through our ownership of MGP, we own the 1.0001% managing general partner interest in the Intermediate Partnership. ARLP and the Intermediate Partnership were formed in May 1999, to acquire upon completion of ARLP's initial public offering on August 19, 1999, certain coal production and marketing assets of Alliance Resource Holdings, Inc. ("ARH"), a Delaware corporation. ARH is owned by Joseph W. Craft III, the Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of AGP as well as the President and Chief Executive Officer and a Director of MGP, and Kathleen S. Craft. SGP, a Delaware limited liability company, is owned by ARH. SGP owns 20,641,168 common units of AHGP's outstanding 59,863,000 units, 7,181 common units of ARLP and prior to the Exchange Transaction discussed below, owned a 0.01% special general partner interest in both ARLP and the Intermediate Partnership.

We are owned 100% by limited partners. Our general partner, AGP, has a non-economic interest in us and is owned by Mr. Craft.

Exchange Transaction

In 2017, the board of directors of our general partner unanimously approved a transaction to simplify our partnership structure and on July 28, 2017, our wholly owned subsidiary, MGP contributed to ARLP all of its incentive distribution rights ("IDRs") and its 0.99% managing general partner interest in ARLP in exchange for 56,100,000 ARLP common units and a non-economic general partner interest in ARLP. In conjunction with this transaction and on the same

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economic basis as MGP, SGP also contributed to ARLP its 0.01% general partner interests in both ARLP and the Intermediate Partnership in exchange for 7,181 ARLP common units (collectively the "Exchange Transaction"). In connection with the Exchange Transaction, ARLP amended its partnership agreement to reflect, among other things, cancellation of the IDRs and the economic general partner interest in ARLP and issuance of a non-economic general partner interest to MGP. MGP is the sole general partner of ARLP following the Exchange Transaction, and no control, management or governance changes otherwise occurred. We now own directly and indirectly 87,188,338 ARLP common units and a non-economic general partner interest in ARLP. We continue to own, through MGP, a 1.0001% managing general partner interest in the Intermediate Partnership and a 0.001% managing member interest in Alliance Coal.

Simultaneously with the Exchange Transaction discussed above, MGP became a wholly owned subsidiary of MGP II, LLC ("MGP II"), which is directly and indirectly 100% owned by us and was created in connection with the Exchange Transaction. As of March 31, 2018, MGP II held the 56,100,000 ARLP common units discussed above.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and operations and those of MGP, MGP II, ARLP (a variable interest entity of which AHGP is the primary beneficiary), ARLP's consolidated Intermediate Partnership and the Intermediate Partnership's operating subsidiaries and present the financial position as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the results of operations, comprehensive income and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017. ARLP and its consolidated subsidiaries represent virtually all the net assets and operations of AHGP. All intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. See Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities for information regarding our consolidation of ARLP.

The earnings of the ARLP Partnership allocated to its limited partners' interests not owned by us are reflected as a noncontrolling interest in our condensed consolidated statements of income and balance sheet. Our consolidated financial statements do not differ materially from those of the ARLP Partnership. The differences between our financial statements and those of the ARLP Partnership are primarily attributable to (a) amounts reported as noncontrolling interests and (b) additional general and administrative costs and taxes attributable to us. The additional general and administrative costs principally consist of costs incurred by us as a result of being a publicly traded partnership, amounts billed by, and reimbursed to, Alliance Coal under an administrative services agreement and amounts billed by, and reimbursed to, AGP under our partnership agreement. Net income attributable to Alliance Holdings GP, L.P. from within our accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements will be described as "Net Income of AHGP."

These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are unaudited. However, in the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the periods presented. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year ending December 31, 2018.

These condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for interim reporting and do not include all of the information normally included with financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") of the U.S. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of AHGP Partnership's condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in our condensed consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Investments

The ARLP Partnership's investments and ownership interests in equity securities without readily determinable fair values in entities in which it does not have a controlling financial interest or significant influence are accounted for

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using a measurement alternative other than fair value which is historical cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same entity. Distributions received on those investments are recorded as income unless those distributions are considered a return on investment in which case the historical cost is reduced. The ARLP Partnership accounts for its ownership interests in Kodiak Gas Services, LLC ("Kodiak") as equity securities without readily determinable fair values. See Note 9 – Investments for further discussion of this investment.

The ARLP Partnership's investments and ownership interests in entities in which it does not have a controlling financial interest are accounted for under the equity method of accounting if it has the ability to exercise significant influence over the entity. Investments accounted for under the equity method are initially recorded at cost, and the difference between the basis of our investment and the underlying equity in the net assets of the joint venture at the investment date, if any, is amortized over the lives of the related assets that gave rise to the difference.

The ARLP Partnership's equity method investments include AllDale Minerals, LP ("AllDale I"), and AllDale Minerals II, LP ("AllDale II") (collectively "AllDale Minerals"), both held by the ARLP Partnership's affiliate Cavalier Minerals JV, LLC ("Cavalier Minerals"), and in AllDale Minerals III, LP ("AllDale III") which is held through the ARLP Partnership's subsidiary, Alliance Minerals. AllDale III and AllDale Minerals are collectively referred to as the "AllDale Partnerships." See Note 9 – Investments for further discussion of these investments.

The ARLP Partnership reviews its equity securities and its equity method investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate a loss in the value of the investment may be other-than-temporary.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues from coal supply contracts with customers are recognized at the point in time when control of the coal passes to the customer. The ARLP Partnership has determined that each ton of coal represents a separate and distinct performance obligation. The ARLP Partnership's coal supply contracts and other sales and operating revenue contracts vary in length from short-term to long-term contracts and do not typically have significant financing components. Transportation revenues represent the fulfillment costs incurred for the services provided to customers through third-party carriers and for which the ARLP Partnership is directly reimbursed. Other sales and operating revenues primarily consist of transloading fees, administrative service revenues from its affiliates, mine safety services and products, other coal contract fees and other handling and service fees. Performance obligations under these contracts are typically satisfied upon transfer of control of the goods or services to the customer which is determined by the contract and could be upon shipment or upon delivery.

The estimated transaction price from each of the ARLP Partnership's contracts is based on the total amount of consideration the ARLP Partnership expects to be entitled to under the contract. Included in the transaction price for certain coal supply contracts is the impact of variable consideration, including quality price adjustments, handling services, government imposition claims, per ton price fluctuations based on certain coal sales price indices and anticipated payments in lieu of shipments. The ARLP Partnership has constrained the expected value of variable consideration in its estimation of transaction price and only included this consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant revenue reversal will not occur. The estimated transaction price for each contract is allocated to its performance obligations based on relative standalone selling prices determined at contract inception. Variable consideration is allocated to a specific part of the contract in many instances, such as if the variable consideration is based on production activities for coal delivered during a certain period or the outcome of a customer's ability to accept coal shipments over a certain period.

Contract assets are recorded as trade receivables and reported separately in the ARLP Partnership's consolidated balance sheet from other contract assets as title passes to the customer and its right to consideration becomes unconditional. Payments for coal shipments are typically due within two to four weeks of performance. The ARLP Partnership typically does not have material contract assets that are stated separately from trade receivables as its performance obligations are satisfied as control of the goods or services passes to the customer thereby granting the ARLP Partnership an unconditional right to receive consideration. Contract liabilities relate to consideration received in advance of the satisfaction of the ARLP Partnership's performance obligations. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue at the point in time when control of the good or service passes to the customer.

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2. NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

New Accounting Standards Issued and Adopted

In March 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update "(ASU") 2017-07, Compensation–Retirement Benefits (Topic 715) ("ASU 2017-07"). ASU 2017-07 requires that an employer disaggregate the service cost component from the other components of net benefit cost. It also provides explicit guidance on how to present the service cost component and the other components of net benefit cost in the income statement and allows only the service cost component of net benefit cost to be eligible for capitalization. ASU 2017-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. The adoption of ASU 2017-07 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. The new presentation requirements in the guidance were applied retrospectively to all periods presented using the amounts of other components of net benefit cost previously disclosed in prior period footnotes. The requirement under the guidance to only capitalize the service cost component was applied prospectively.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10), Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities ("ASU 2016-01"). ASU 2016-01 will require entities to measure equity investments at fair value and recognize any changes in fair value in net income. The guidance removes the cost method of accounting for equity investments without a readily determinable fair value but provides a new measurement alternative where entities may choose to measure those investments at cost, less any impairment, plus or minus any changes resulting from observable price changes in transactions for the same issuer. ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2016-01 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASU 2014-09"). ASU 2014-09 is a new revenue recognition standard that provides a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. ASU 2014-09 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. The adoption of the new standard did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements, but requires expanded disclosures including presenting, by type and by segment, revenues for all periods presented and expected revenues by year for performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied as of the date of presentation. The new standard allows for two methods of adoption: a full retrospective adoption method and a modified retrospective method. We elected to use the modified retrospective method of adoption which allows a cumulative effect adjustment to equity as of the date of adoption. As there was no change in the recognition pattern of our revenues, we did not have a cumulative effect adjustment upon adoption of the new standard. See Note 10 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers for additional information.

New Accounting Standards Issued and Not Yet Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments–Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASU 2016-13"). ASU 2016-13 changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments to require the use of a new forward-looking "expected loss" model that generally will result in earlier recognition of allowances for losses. The new standard will require disclosure of significantly more information related to these items. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted for the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods. We are currently evaluating the effect of adopting ASU 2016-13, but do not anticipate it will have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) ("ASU 2016-02"). ASU 2016-02 increases transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring lessees to record right-to-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about lease arrangements. The new guidance will classify leases as either finance or operating (similar to current standard's "capital" or "operating" classification), with classification affecting the pattern of income recognition in the statement of income. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption

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permitted. The FASB continues to issue clarifications, updates and implementation guidance to ASU 2016-02 which we continue to monitor, such as ASU 2018-01, Leases (Topic 842) ("ASU 2018-01") which provides a land easement practical expedient for transition to Topic 842. This update allows for companies that did not previously recognize land easements as leases to continue this practice for existing leases, but will still require the evaluation of new lease arrangements, including land easements.

The ARLP Partnership has developed an assessment team to determine the effect of adopting ASU 2016-02. As part of the assessment process, management has provided education and guidance to business units regarding the new standard. The ARLP Partnership has also started compiling and reviewing its population of leases and assessing its systems and internal controls relating to its accounting for leases. In addition to monitoring FASB activity regarding ASU 2016-02, the ARLP Partnership is continuing to monitor various non-authoritative groups with respect to implementation issues that could affect its assessment.

3. CONTINGENCIES

On March 9, 2018, the ARLP Partnership finalized an agreement with a customer and certain of its affiliates to settle breach of contract litigation initiated by the ARLP Partnership in January 2015. The agreement provided for a $93.0 million cash payment to the ARLP Partnership, execution of a new coal supply agreement with the customer, continued export transloading capacity for our Appalachian mines and the rights to acquire certain coal reserves for $2.0 million from an affiliate of the customer. We estimated total consideration received in the agreement to be a $93.0 million cash payment. The ARLP Partnership accrued $13.0 million of legal fees and associated incentive compensation costs related to this settlement which resulted in a net gain of $80.0 million reflected in the Settlement gain line item in our condensed consolidated statements of income.

We are not engaged in any material litigation. Various lawsuits, claims and regulatory proceedings incidental to its business are pending against the ARLP Partnership. The ARLP Partnership records accruals for potential losses related to these matters when, in management's opinion, such losses are probable and reasonably estimable. Based on known facts and circumstances, the ARLP Partnership believes the ultimate outcome of these outstanding lawsuits, claims and regulatory proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the ARLP Partnership's financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. However, if the results of these matters were different from management's current opinion and in amounts greater than the ARLP Partnership's accruals, then they could have a material adverse effect.

4. INVENTORIES

Inventories consist of the following:


	March 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)

Coal	$	46,784	$	22,825
Supplies (net of reserve for obsolescence of $5,254 and $5,149, respectively)		37,160		37,450
Total inventories, net	$	83,944	$	60,275

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5. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The following table summarizes our fair value measurements within the hierarchy:


	March 31, 2018						December 31, 2017
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
	(in thousands)
Measured on a recurring basis:
Contingent consideration	$	—	$	—	$	6,800	$	—	$	—	$	6,800

Additional disclosures:
Long-term debt		—		480,280		—		—		541,147		—
Total	$	—	$	480,280	$	6,800	$	—	$	541,147	$	6,800

The carrying amounts for cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued and other liabilities, due from affiliates and due to affiliates approximate fair value due to the short maturity of those instruments.

The estimated fair value of the ARLP Partnership's long-term debt, including current maturities, is based on interest rates that the ARLP Partnership believes are currently available to it in active markets for issuance of debt with similar terms and remaining maturities (See Note 6 – Long-Term Debt). The fair value of debt, which is based upon these interest rates, is classified as a Level 2 measurement under the fair value hierarchy.

The estimated fair value of the ARLP Partnership's contingent consideration arrangement is based on a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model. The assumptions in the model include a risk-adjusted discount rate, forward coal sales price curves, cost of debt and probabilities of meeting certain contractual threshold coal sales prices. The fair value measurement is based on significant inputs not observable in active markets and thus represents a Level 3 fair value measurement under the fair value hierarchy.

6. LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt consists of the following:


					Unamortized Discount and
	Principal				Debt Issuance Costs
	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
	(in thousands)

ARLP Revolving Credit facility	$	—	$	30,000	$	(6,818)	$	(7,356)
ARLP Senior notes		400,000		400,000		(6,479)		(6,707)
ARLP Securitization facility		40,000		72,400		—		—
		440,000		502,400		(13,297)		(14,063)
Less current maturities		(40,000)		(72,400)		—		—
Total long-term debt	$	400,000	$	430,000	$	(13,297)	$	(14,063)

On January 27, 2017, the Intermediate Partnership entered into a Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "ARLP Credit Agreement") with various financial institutions. The ARLP Credit Agreement provides for a $494.75 million revolving credit facility, including a sublimit of $125 million for the issuance of letters of credit and a sublimit of $15.0 million for swingline borrowings (the "ARLP Revolving Credit Facility"), with a termination date of May 23, 2019. The ARLP Credit Agreement was amended on April 3, 2017 to extend the termination date of the ARLP Revolving Credit Facility as to $461.25 million of the $494.75 million of commitments to May 23, 2021 and effectuate certain other changes.

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The ARLP Credit Agreement is guaranteed by all of the material direct and indirect subsidiaries of the Intermediate Partnership, and is secured by substantially all of the Intermediate Partnership's assets. Borrowings under the ARLP Revolving Credit Facility bear interest, at the option of the Intermediate Partnership, at either (i) the Base Rate at the greater of three benchmarks or (ii) a Eurodollar Rate, plus margins for (i) or (ii), as applicable, that fluctuate depending upon the ratio of Consolidated Debt to Consolidated Cash Flow (each as defined in the ARLP Credit Agreement). The Eurodollar Rate, with applicable margin, under the Credit Facility was 4.07% as of March 31, 2018. At March 31, 2018, the ARLP Partnership had $8.1 million of letters of credit outstanding with $486.7 million available for borrowing under the ARLP Revolving Credit Facility. The ARLP Partnership currently incurs an annual commitment fee of 0.35% on the undrawn portion of the ARLP Revolving Credit Facility. The ARLP Partnership utilizes the ARLP Revolving Credit Facility, as appropriate, for working capital requirements, capital expenditures and investments, scheduled debt payments and distribution payments.

The ARLP Credit Agreement contains various restrictions affecting the Intermediate Partnership and its subsidiaries including, among other things, restrictions on incurrence of additional indebtedness and liens, sale of assets, investments, mergers and consolidations and transactions with affiliates, in each case subject to various exceptions, and the payment of cash distributions by the Intermediate Partnership if such payment would result in a certain fixed charge coverage ratio (as defined in the ARLP Credit Agreement). See Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities for further discussion of restrictions on the cash available for distribution. The ARLP Credit Agreement requires the Intermediate Partnership maintain (a) a debt to cash flow ratio of not more than 2.5 to 1.0 and (b) a cash flow to interest expense ratio of not less than 3.0 to 1.0, in each case, during the four most recently ended fiscal quarters. The debt to cash flow ratio and cash flow to interest expense ratio were 0.75 to 1.0 and 16.0 to 1.0, respectively, for the trailing twelve months ended March 31, 2018. The ARLP Partnership remains in compliance with the covenants of the ARLP Credit Agreement as of March 31, 2018.

On April 24, 2017, the Intermediate Partnership and Alliance Resource Finance Corporation (as co-issuer), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Intermediate Partnership ("Alliance Finance"), issued an aggregate principal amount of $400.0 million of senior unsecured notes due 2025 ("ARLP Senior Notes") in a private placement to qualified institutional buyers. The ARLP Senior Notes have a term of eight years maturing on May 1, 2025 (the "Term") and accrue interest at an annual rate of 7.5%. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears on each May 1 and November 1. The indenture governing the ARLP Senior Notes contains customary terms, events of default and covenants relating to, among other things, the incurrence of debt, the payment of distributions or similar restricted payments, undertaking transactions with affiliates and limitations on asset sales. At any time prior to May 1, 2020, the issuers of the ARLP Senior Notes may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the ARLP Senior Notes with the net cash proceeds of one or more equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 107.5% of the principal amount redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date. The issuers of the ARLP Senior Notes may also redeem all or a part of the notes at any time on or after May 1, 2020, at redemption prices set forth in the indenture governing the ARLP Senior Notes. At any time prior to May 1, 2020, the issuers of the ARLP Senior Notes may redeem the ARLP Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to the principal amount of the ARLP Senior Notes plus a "make-whole" premium, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date.

On December 5, 2014, certain direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of the Intermediate Partnership entered into a $100.0 million accounts receivable securitization facility ("ARLP Securitization Facility"). Under the ARLP Securitization Facility, certain subsidiaries sell trade receivables on an ongoing basis to the Intermediate Partnership, which then sells the trade receivables to AROP Funding, LLC ("AROP Funding"), a wholly owned bankruptcy-remote special purpose subsidiary of the Intermediate Partnership, which in turn borrows on a revolving basis up to $100.0 million secured by the trade receivables. After the sale, Alliance Coal, as servicer of the assets, collects the receivables on behalf of AROP Funding. The ARLP Securitization Facility bears interest based on a Eurodollar Rate. It was renewed in January 2018 and matures in January 2019. At March 31, 2018, the ARLP Partnership had $40.0 million outstanding under the Securitization Facility.

On October 6, 2015, Cavalier Minerals (see Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities) entered into a credit agreement (the "Cavalier Credit Agreement") with Mineral Lending, LLC ("Mineral Lending") for a $100.0 million line of credit (the "Cavalier Credit Facility"). Mineral Lending is an entity owned by (a) Alliance Resource Holdings II, Inc. ("ARH II," the parent of ARH), (b) an entity owned by an officer of ARH who is also a director of ARH II ("ARH Officer") and (c)

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foundations established by the President and Chief Executive Officer of MGP and Kathleen S. Craft. There is no commitment fee under the facility. Mineral Lending's obligation to make the line of credit available terminates no later than October 6, 2019. Borrowings under the Cavalier Credit Facility bear interest at a one month LIBOR rate plus 6% with interest payable quarterly, and matures on September 30, 2024, at which time all amounts then outstanding are required to be repaid. The Cavalier Credit Agreement requires repayment of the principal balance beginning in 2018, in quarterly payments of an amount equal to the greater of $1.3 million initially, escalated to $2.5 million after two years, or fifty percent of Cavalier Minerals' excess cash flow. To secure payment of the facility, Cavalier Minerals pledged all of its partnership interests, owned or later acquired, in AllDale Minerals. Cavalier Minerals may prepay the Cavalier Credit Facility at any time in whole or in part subject to terms and conditions described in the Cavalier Credit Agreement. As of March 31, 2018, Cavalier Minerals had not drawn on the Cavalier Credit Facility. Alliance Minerals has the right to require Cavalier Minerals to draw the full amount available under the Cavalier Credit Facility and distribute the proceeds to the members of Cavalier Minerals, including Alliance Minerals.

7. NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS

Our noncontrolling ownership interest in consolidated subsidiaries is presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheet within partners' capital as a separate component from the limited partners' equity. In addition, consolidated net income includes earnings attributable to both the limited partners' and the noncontrolling interests.

The noncontrolling interests balance is comprised of non-affiliate and affiliate ownership interests in the net assets of the ARLP Partnership that we consolidate (See Note 1 – Organization and Presentation) and an affiliate ownership interest in Cavalier Minerals (See Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities).

The following table summarizes the components of noncontrolling interests recorded in Partners' Capital for the periods indicated:


	March 31,		December 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Noncontrolling interests reflected in Partners' Capital:
Affiliate (SGP)	$	(303,813)	$	(303,817)
Non-Affiliates (ARLP's non-affiliate limited partners)		905,726		876,451
Affiliate (Cavalier Minerals) (See Note 8 - Variable Interest Entities)		5,334		5,348
Accumulated other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		(16,836)		(17,120)
Total noncontrolling interests	$	590,411	$	560,862

The noncontrolling interest designated as Affiliate (SGP) represents SGP's limited partner interest in ARLP and, prior to the Exchange Transaction, SGP's 0.01% general partner interest in ARLP and 0.01% general partner interest in the Intermediate Partnership (See Note 1 – Organization and Presentation).

The noncontrolling interest designated as Non-Affiliates represents the limited partners' interest in ARLP controlled through the common unit ownership, excluding the 87,188,338 common units of ARLP held directly and indirectly by us (See Note 1 – Organization and Presentation). The total obligation associated with ARLP's Long-Term Incentive Plan ("ARLP LTIP"), MGP Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan for Directors ("MGP Deferred Compensation Plan") and the Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP") are also included in the Non-Affiliates component of noncontrolling interest (See Note 12 – Compensation Plans).

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The following table summarizes net income attributable to each component of the noncontrolling interests for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest:
Affiliate (SGP)	$	8	$	17
Non-Affiliates (ARLP's non-affiliate limited partners)		51,603		49,386
Affiliates (Cavalier Minerals)		148		148
	$	51,759	$	49,551

The following table summarizes cash distributions paid by ARLP to each component of the noncontrolling interests for the periods indicated:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests:
Affiliate (SGP) (1)	$	4	$	9
Non-Affiliates (ARLP's non-affiliate limited partners) (1)		23,253		19,801
	$	23,257	$	19,810

(1)

Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests, in the table above, represent ARLP's quarterly distributions in accordance with the ARLP partnership agreement.

The Affiliate (SGP) component of noncontrolling interests represents SGP's cumulative investment basis in the net assets of the ARLP Partnership. SGP's investment basis as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017 reflects various transactions associated with the ARLP Partnership's formation and initial public offering in 1999, the cumulative amount of nominal ARLP Partnership income allocations and distributions to SGP, nominal contributions by SGP to ARLP and the Intermediate Partnership to maintain its previous general partner interests in the ARLP Partnership and nominal net income allocations related to SGP's new limited partner interests obtained in the recent Exchange Transaction (See Note 1 – Organization and Presentation).

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The following tables present the change in Partners' Capital for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017:


	Alliance Holdings GP, L.P.
			Accumulated Other
	Limited Partners'		Comprehensive		Noncontrolling		Total Partners'
	Capital		Income (Loss)		Interest		Capital
	(in thousands)

Balance at January 1, 2018	$	626,831	$	(34,820)	$	560,862	$	1,152,873
Net income		103,720		—		51,759		155,479
Other comprehensive income		—		733		284		1,017
Settlement of directors deferred compensation		(119)		—		—		(119)
Vesting of ARLP Long-Term Incentive Plan		—		—		(2,081)		(2,081)
Simplification fees		(734)		—		—		(734)
Common unit-based compensation		(122)		—		3,006		2,884
Distributions on ARLP common unit-based compensation		—		—		(1,062)		(1,062)
Distributions to AHGP Partners		(44,449)		—		(22,195)		(66,644)
Distributions paid by consolidated partnership to noncontrolling interest		—		—		(162)		(162)
Balance at March 31, 2018	$	685,127	$	(34,087)	$	590,411	$	1,241,451


	Alliance Holdings GP, L.P.
			Accumulated Other
	Limited Partners'		Comprehensive		Noncontrolling		Total Partners'
	Capital		Income (Loss)		Interest		Capital
	(in thousands)

Balance at January 1, 2017	$	598,077	$	(16,550)	$	516,122	$	1,097,649
Net income		55,011		—		49,551		104,562
Other comprehensive income		—		155		98		253
Settlement of directors deferred compensation		(14)		—		—		(14)
Vesting of ARLP Long-Term Incentive Plan		—		—		(2,988)		(2,988)
Common unit-based compensation		(103)		—		2,884		2,781
Distributions on ARLP common unit-based compensation		—		—		(862)		(862)
Contributions to consolidated company from affiliate noncontrolling interest		—		—		251		251
Distributions paid by consolidated company		—		—		(190)		(190)
Contributions by limited partner - affiliate		800		—		—		800
Distributions to AHGP Partners		(32,925)		—		—		(32,925)
Distributions paid by consolidated partnership to noncontrolling interest		—		—		(18,948)		(18,948)
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	620,846	$	(16,395)	$	545,918	$	1,150,369

8. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Cavalier Minerals

On November 10, 2014, the ARLP Partnership's subsidiary, Alliance Minerals, and Bluegrass Minerals Management, LLC ("Bluegrass Minerals") entered into a limited liability company agreement (the "Cavalier Agreement") to create Cavalier Minerals, which was formed to indirectly acquire oil and gas mineral interests, initially through its 71.7% noncontrolling ownership interest in AllDale I and subsequently through its 72.8% noncontrolling ownership interest in AllDale II. Bluegrass Minerals is owned and controlled by the ARH Officer discussed in Note 6 – Long-Term Debt and is Cavalier Minerals' managing member. Alliance Minerals and Bluegrass Minerals initially committed funding of $48.0 million and $2.0 million, respectively, to Cavalier Minerals, and Cavalier Minerals committed funding of $49.0 million to

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AllDale I. On October 6, 2015, Alliance Minerals and Bluegrass Minerals committed to fund an additional $96.0 million and $4.0 million, respectively, to Cavalier Minerals, and Cavalier Minerals committed to fund $100.0 million to AllDale II. Alliance Minerals and Bluegrass Minerals contributed $143.1 million and $6.0 million, respectively, to Cavalier Minerals, which sufficiently completed funding to Cavalier Minerals for these commitments.

In accordance with the Cavalier Agreement, Bluegrass Minerals is entitled to receive an incentive distribution from Cavalier Minerals equal to 25% of all distributions (including in liquidation) after all members have recovered their investment. The incentive distributions are reduced by certain distributions received by Bluegrass Minerals or its owner from AllDale Minerals Management, LLC ("AllDale Minerals Management"), the managing member of AllDale Minerals. Distributions paid to Alliance Minerals and Bluegrass Minerals from Cavalier Minerals for each period presented are as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Alliance Minerals	$	3,888	$	4,563
Bluegrass Minerals		162		190

Alliance Minerals' ownership interest in Cavalier Minerals is 96%. The remainder of the equity ownership is held by Bluegrass Minerals. The ARLP Partnership has consolidated Cavalier Minerals' financial results as it concluded that Cavalier Minerals is a variable interest entity ("VIE") and the ARLP Partnership is the primary beneficiary because neither Bluegrass Minerals nor Alliance Minerals individually has both the power and the benefits related to Cavalier Minerals and the ARLP Partnership is most closely aligned with Cavalier Minerals through its substantial equity ownership. Bluegrass Minerals' equity ownership of Cavalier Minerals is accounted for as noncontrolling ownership interest in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. In addition, earnings attributable to Bluegrass Minerals are recognized as noncontrolling interest in our condensed consolidated statements of income.

WKY CoalPlay

On November 17, 2014, SGP Land, LLC ("SGP Land"), a wholly owned subsidiary of SGP, and two limited liability companies ("Craft Companies") owned by irrevocable trusts established by the President and Chief Executive Officer of MGP, entered into a limited liability company agreement to form WKY CoalPlay, LLC ("WKY CoalPlay"). WKY CoalPlay was formed, in part, to purchase and lease coal reserves. WKY CoalPlay is managed by the ARH Officer discussed in Note 6 – Long-Term Debt, who is also an employee of SGP Land and trustee of the irrevocable trusts owning the Craft Companies. In December 2014 and February 2015, the ARLP Partnership entered into various coal reserve leases with WKY CoalPlay. During the three months ended March 31, 2018, the ARLP Partnership paid $10.8 million of advanced royalties to WKY CoalPlay. As of March 31, 2018, the ARLP Partnership had $40.7 million of advanced royalties outstanding under the leases, which is reflected in the Advance royalties, net line items in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The ARLP Partnership has concluded that WKY CoalPlay is a VIE because of its ability to exercise options to acquire reserves under lease with WKY CoalPlay, which is not within the control of the equity holders and, if it occurs, could potentially limit the expected residual return to the owners of WKY CoalPlay. The ARLP Partnership does not have any economic or governance rights related to WKY CoalPlay and the ARLP Partnership's options that provide it with a variable interest in WKY CoalPlay's reserve assets do not give it any rights that constitute power to direct the primary activities that most significantly impact WKY CoalPlay's economic performance. SGP Land has the sole ability to replace the manager of WKY CoalPlay at its discretion and therefore has power to direct the activities of WKY CoalPlay. Consequently, the ARLP Partnership concluded that SGP Land is the primary beneficiary of WKY CoalPlay.

The ARLP Partnership

ARLP is a publicly-traded master limited partnership (NASDAQ ticker "ARLP") created in 1999 to acquire certain coal production and marketing assets of ARH. As of March 31, 2018, AHGP held directly and indirectly 66.6%

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of the limited partnership interests in ARLP in addition to a non-economic general partner interest in the ARLP Partnership through its 100% ownership of MGP. The limited partners do not have substantive kick-out rights to remove the general partner nor do they have substantive participating rights in the activities of ARLP, therefore we determined that ARLP is a variable interest entity. To determine the primary beneficiary of ARLP, we considered that AHGP through its 100% ownership of MGP has the sole ability to direct the activities of ARLP and with its ownership of 66.6% limited partner interest, has economic benefit that is significant to ARLP. As a result we determined that AHGP has both the power and benefits with respect to ARLP and is therefore the primary beneficiary and consolidates ARLP.

The Partnership Agreement (the "Agreement") of ARLP requires MGP to distribute on a quarterly basis 100% of ARLP's available cash to ARLP's partners. Available cash is determined as defined in the Agreement and represents all cash with the exception of cash reserves (i) for the proper conduct of the business including reserves for future capital expenditures and for anticipated credit needs of the ARLP Partnership, (ii) to comply with debt obligations or (iii) to provide funds for certain subsequent distributions. MGP is required under the terms of the Agreement to meet the distribution requirements as discussed above. As discussed in Note 6 – Long-Term Debt, the Intermediate Partnership's debt covenants place additional restrictions on distributions from ARLP by limiting cash available for distribution based on various debt covenants pertaining to the most recent preceding quarter. MGP cannot hold cash reserves to provide for subsequent distributions if that would prevent ARLP from making its minimum quarterly distributions or any cumulative distributions in arrears. MGP does not have the ability to amend the Agreement without the consent of a majority of the limited partners.

9. INVESTMENTS

AllDale Minerals

In November 2014, Cavalier Minerals (see Note 8 – Variable Interest Entities), was created to indirectly purchase, through its equity investments in AllDale Minerals, oil and gas mineral interests in various geographic locations within producing basins in the continental U.S. In February 2017, Alliance Minerals, which is included in our Other and Corporate category (see Note 14 – Segment Information), committed to directly (rather than through Cavalier Minerals) invest $30.0 million in AllDale III which was created for similar investment purposes. The ARLP Partnership accounts for its ownership interest in the income or loss of the AllDale Partnerships as equity method investments. The ARLP Partnership records equity income or loss based on the AllDale Partnerships' individual distribution structures. The changes in the ARLP Partnership's aggregate equity method investment in the AllDale Partnerships for each of the periods presented were as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	147,964	$	138,817
Contributions		11,400		9,287
Equity method investment income		3,736		3,700
Distributions received		(4,431)		(4,752)
Ending balance	$	158,669	$	147,052

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Kodiak

On July 19, 2017, Alliance Minerals purchased $100 million of Series A-1 Preferred Interests from Kodiak, a privately-held company providing large-scale, high-utilization gas compression assets to customers operating primarily in the Permian Basin. This structured investment provides the ARLP Partnership with a quarterly cash or payment-in-kind return. The ARLP Partnership's ownership interests in Kodiak are senior to all other Kodiak equity interests and subordinate only to Kodiak's senior secured debt facility. The ARLP Partnership accounts for its ownership interests in Kodiak as equity securities without readily determinable fair values. It is not practicable to estimate the fair value of the ARLP Partnership's investment in Kodiak because of the lack of a quoted market price for its ownership interests, therefore the ARLP Partnership uses a measurement alternative other than fair value to account for its investment. The changes in the ARLP Partnership's investment in Kodiak for the three months ended March 31, 2018 were as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018
	(in thousands)
Beginning balance	$	106,398
Payment-in-kind distributions received		3,724
Ending balance	$	110,122

10.

10. REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The following table illustrates the disaggregation of our revenues by type, including a reconciliation to our segment presentation as presented in Note 14 – Segment Information, for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017.


	Illinois				Other and
	Basin		Appalachia		Corporate		Elimination		Consolidated
	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018

Coal sales	$	276,065	$	145,289	$	7,711	$	(5,455)	$	423,610
Transportation revenues		18,271		1,514		—		—		19,785
Other sales and operating revenues		569		829		16,533		(4,290)		13,641
Total revenues	$	294,905	$	147,632	$	24,244	$	(9,745)	$	457,036

Three Months Ended March 31, 2017

Coal sales	$	266,928	$	167,773	$	15,248	$	(11,205)	$	438,744
Transportation revenues		7,855		1,741		—		—		9,596
Other sales and operating revenues		772		730		15,276		(4,113)		12,665
Total revenues	$	275,555	$	170,244	$	30,524	$	(15,318)	$	461,005

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The following table illustrates the amount of the ARLP Partnership's transaction price for all current coal supply contracts allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied as of March 31, 2018 and disaggregated by segment and contract duration.


							2021 and
	2018		2019		2020		Thereafter		Total
	(in thousands)

Illinois Basin coal revenues	$	740,763	$	312,605	$	238,386	$	51,790	$	1,343,544
Appalachia coal revenues		470,006		284,994		157,843		38,224		951,067
Other and Corporate coal revenues		61,346		22,666		—		—		84,012
Elimination		(47,028)		(17,035)		—		—		(64,063)
Total coal revenues (1)	$	1,225,087	$	603,230	$	396,229	$	90,014	$	2,314,560

11. WORKERS' COMPENSATION AND PNEUMOCONIOSIS

The changes in the workers' compensation liability, including current and long-term liability balances, for each of the periods presented were as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)

Beginning balance	$	54,439	$	48,131
Accruals increase		2,641		1,974
Payments		(2,797)		(2,925)
Interest accretion		363		420
Ending balance	$	54,646	$	47,600

The ARLP Partnership limits its exposure to traumatic injury claims by purchasing a high deductible insurance policy that starts paying benefits after deductibles for a claim have been met. The deductible level may vary by claim year. The ARLP Partnership's workers' compensation liability above is presented on a gross basis and does not include the ARLP Partnership's expected receivables on its insurance policy. The ARLP Partnership's receivables for traumatic injury claims under this policy as of March 31, 2018 are $9.0 million and are included in Other long-term assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Certain of the ARLP Partnership's mine operating entities are liable under state statutes and the Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act of 1969, as amended, to pay pneumoconiosis, or black lung, benefits to eligible employees and former employees and their dependents. Components of the net periodic benefit cost for each of the periods presented are as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2018		2017
	(in thousands)
Service cost	$	630	$	546
Interest cost (1)		635		629
Net amortization (1)		1		(567)
Net periodic benefit cost	$	1,266	$	608

(1)

Interest cost and net amortization is included in the Other income (expense) line item within our condensed consolidated statements of income (see Note 2. New Accounting Standards).

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12. COMPENSATION PLANS

ARLP Long-Term Incentive Plan

The ARLP Partnership has the ARLP LTIP for certain employees and officers of MGP and its affiliates who perform services for the ARLP Partnership. The ARLP LTIP awards are grants of non-vested "phantom" or notional units, also referred to as "restricted units", which upon satisfaction of time and performance based vesting requirements, entitle the ARLP LTIP participant to receive ARLP common units. Annual grant levels and vesting provisions for designated participants are recommended by the President and Chief Executive Officer of MGP, subject to review and approval of the MGP Compensation Committee (the "Compensation Committee"). Vesting of all grants outstanding is subject to the satisfaction of certain financial tests, which management currently believes is probable. Grants issued to ARLP LTIP participants are expected to cliff vest on January 1st of the third year following issuance of the grants. The ARLP Partnership accounts for forfeitures of non-vested ARLP LTIP grants as they occur. The ARLP Partnership expects to settle the non-vested ARLP LTIP grants by delivery of ARLP common units, except for the portion of the grants that will satisfy employee tax withholding obligations of ARLP LTIP participants. As provided under the distribution equivalent rights ("DERs") provisions of the ARLP LTIP and the terms of the ARLP LTIP awards, all non-vested grants include contingent rights to receive quarterly distributions in cash or at the discretion of the MGP Compensation Committee, in lieu of cash, phantom units credited to a bookkeeping account with value, equal to the cash distributions we make to unitholders during the vesting period.

A summary of non-vested ARLP LTIP grants as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2018 is as follows:


	Number of units	Weighted average grant date fair value per unit		Intrinsic value
				(in thousands)

Non-vested grants at January 1, 2018	1,694,026	$	19.62	$	33,372
Granted	511,305		20.40
Vested (1)	(290,706)		37.18
Forfeited	(16,930)		16.19
Non-vested grants at March 31, 2018	1,897,695		17.17		33,494

(1)

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, the ARLP Partnership issued 191,858 unrestricted common units to the ARLP LTIP participants. The remaining vested units were settled in cash to satisfy tax withholding obligations of the ARLP LTIP participants.

ARLP LTIP expense was $2.7 million and $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The total obligation associated with the ARLP LTIP as of March 31, 2018 was $13.6 million and is included in Noncontrolling interests line item in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2018, there was $18.9 million in total unrecognized compensation expense related to the non-vested ARLP LTIP grants that are expected to vest. That expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.5 years.

After consideration of the January 1, 2018 vesting and subsequent issuance of 191,858 common units, approximately 2.1 million units remain available under the ARLP LTIP for issuance in the future, assuming all grants issued in 2018, 2017 and 2016 and currently outstanding are settled with ARLP common units without reduction for tax withholding, no future forfeitures occur and DERs continue being paid in cash versus additional phantom units.

AHGP Long-Term Incentive Plan

We have also adopted a Long-Term Incentive Plan (the "AHGP LTIP") for employees, directors and consultants of our general partner and its affiliates, including the ARLP Partnership. Grants under the AHGP LTIP are to be made in AHGP restricted units, which are "phantom" units that entitle the grantee to receive either a common unit or equivalent

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amount of cash upon the vesting of the phantom unit. The aggregate number of common units reserved for issuance under the AHGP LTIP is 5,215,000. There have been no grants under the AHGP LTIP as of March 31, 2018.

SERP and Directors Deferred Compensation Plans

The ARLP Partnership has a SERP to provide deferred compensation benefits for certain officers and key employees. All allocations made to participants under the SERP are made in the form of "phantom" ARLP units and SERP distributions will be settled in the form of ARLP common units. The SERP is administered by the MGP Compensation Committee.

Our directors participate in the AGP Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan for Directors ("AGP Deferred Compensation Plan"), and the directors of MGP participate in the MGP Deferred Compensation Plan (collectively, the "Deferred Compensation Plans"). Pursuant to the Deferred Compensation Plans, for amounts deferred either automatically or at the election of the director, a notional account is established and credited with notional common units of ARLP or AHGP, as appropriate, which are described in the Deferred Compensation Plans as "phantom" units. Distributions from the Deferred Compensation Plans will be settled in the form of ARLP or AHGP common units, as applicable.

For both the SERP and Deferred Compensation Plans, when quarterly cash distributions are made with respect to ARLP or AHGP common units, an amount equal to such quarterly distribution is credited to each participant's notional account as additional phantom units. All grants of phantom units under the SERP and Deferred Compensation Plans vest immediately.

A summary of SERP and MGP Deferred Compensation Plan activity as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2018 is as follows:


	Number of units	Weighted average grant date fair value per unit		Intrinsic value
				(in thousands)

Phantom units outstanding as of January 1, 2018	561,784	$	28.64	$	11,067
Granted	18,676		18.53
Issued (1)	(10,364)		27.92
Phantom units outstanding as of March 31, 2018	570,096		28.32		10,062

(1)

During the three months ended March 31, 2018, the ARLP Partnership issued 7,181 ARLP common units to a participant under the SERP. Units issued to this participant were net of units settled in cash to satisfy tax withholding obligations.

Total SERP and MGP Deferred Compensation Plan expense was $0.4 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. As of March 31, 2018, the total obligation associated with the SERP and MGP Deferred Compensation Plan was $16.1 million and is included in Noncontrolling interests line item in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

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A summary of the AGP Deferred Compensation Plan activity as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2018 is as follows:


	Number of units	Weighted average grant date fair value per unit	Intrinsic value
			(in thousands)

Phantom units outstanding as of December 31, 2017

Alliance Holdings GP, L.P. 10-Q