UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended: ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______ to _______

Commission file number 1-5318

KENNAMETAL INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Pennsylvania		25-0900168
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

525 William Penn Place
Suite 3300
Pittsburgh,	Pennsylvania	15219
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (412) 248-8000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Capital Stock, par value $1.25 per share	KMT	New York Stock Exchange
Preferred Stock Purchase Rights		New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of ~~January~~April 3130, 2026, 76,~~198~~210,~~792~~103 shares of the Registrant’s Capital Stock, par value $1.25 per share, were outstanding.

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KENNAMETAL INC.

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE THREE AND ~~SIX~~NINE MONTHS ENDED ~~DECEMBER~~MARCH 31, ~~2025~~2026

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Item No.		Page No.
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
1.	Financial Statements
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)Three and six months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)Three and nine months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)Three and six months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)Three and nine months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025	4
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)December 31, 2025 and June 30, 2025	5
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)March 31, 2026 and June 30, 2025	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow (Unaudited)Six months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow (Unaudited)Nine months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025	6
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	7
2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2223
3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	3335
4.	Controls and Procedures	3335
5.	Other Information	3335
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
1.	Legal Proceedings	3436
2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities, Use of Proceeds, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	3436
6.	Exhibits	3537
Signatures		3638

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FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are statements that do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. You can identify forward-looking statements by words such as “should,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “approximate,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “project,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe” and other words of similar meaning and expression in connection with any discussion of future operating or financial performance or events. We have also included forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q concerning, among other things, our strategy, goals, plans and projections regarding our financial position, liquidity and capital resources, results of operations, market position and product development. These statements are based on current estimates that involve inherent risks and uncertainties. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements prove incorrect, our actual results could vary materially from our current expectations. There are a number of factors that could cause our actual results to differ from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. They include: uncertainties related to changes in macroeconomic and/or global conditions, including as a result of increased inflation, tariffs, and Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the resulting sanctions on Russia; the ~~conflict~~conflicts in the Middle East; ~~other~~ economic recession; our ability to achieve all anticipated benefits of restructuring, ~~simplification and modernization~~ initiatives; Commercial Excellence growth initiatives and Operational Excellence initiatives; our foreign operations and international markets, including factors such as currency exchange rates, different regulatory environments, trade barriers, exchange controls, and social and political instability, including the conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East; changes in the regulatory environment in which we operate, including environmental, health and safety regulations; potential for future goodwill and other intangible asset impairment charges; our ability to protect and defend our intellectual property; continuity of information technology infrastructure; competition; our ability to retain our management and employees; demands on management resources; availability and cost of the raw materials we use to manufacture our products, including tungsten; product liability claims; integrating acquisitions and achieving the expected savings and synergies; global or regional catastrophic events; demand for and market acceptance of our products; business divestitures; energy costs; commodity prices; labor relations; and implementation of environmental remediation matters. We provide additional information about many of the specific risks we face in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in other periodic reports we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We can give no assurance that any goal or plan set forth in our forward-looking statements will be achieved and readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such statements, which speak only as of the date made. Except as required by law, we do not intend to release publicly any revisions to forward-looking statements as a result of future events or developments.

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

KENNAMETAL INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)

Three Months Ended December 31,

Six Months Ended December 31,

Three Months Ended March 31,

Nine Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

Sales

~~529~~592,~~525~~585

~~482~~486,~~051~~399

1,~~027~~620,~~499~~084

~~963~~1,~~999~~450,398

Cost of goods sold

~~355~~384,~~656~~607

~~337~~330,~~021~~034

~~699~~1,~~080~~083,686

~~667~~997,~~960~~993

Gross profit

~~173~~207,~~869~~978

~~145~~156,~~030~~365

~~328~~536,~~419~~398

~~296~~452,~~039~~405

Operating expense

~~116~~124,~~302~~046

~~109~~104,~~308~~013

~~229~~353,~~330~~377

~~220~~324,~~962~~975

Restructuring and other charges, net (Note 6)

2,~~528~~115

15,~~335~~589

46,~~117~~232

17,~~946~~535

Amortization of intangibles

2,~~378~~387

2,~~720~~703

47,~~751~~138

58,~~438~~142

Operating income

5279,~~661~~430

3144,~~667~~060

90169,~~221~~651

67111,~~693~~753

Interest expense

6,~~089~~264

6,~~180~~213

1218,~~275~~539

1218,~~493~~705

Other income, net

(26,~~097~~546)

(15,~~477~~454)

(410,~~418~~964)

(38,~~136~~589)

Income before income taxes

4879,~~669~~712

2643,~~964~~301

82162,~~364~~076

58101,~~336~~637

Provision for income taxes

1318,~~472~~589

710,~~927~~219

2241,~~535~~124

1526,~~833~~052

Net income

3561,~~197~~123

1933,~~037~~082

59120,~~829~~952

4275,~~503~~585

Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

12,~~312~~894

1,~~109~~600

25,~~646~~540

24,~~452~~052

Net income attributable to Kennametal

3358,~~885~~229

1731,~~928~~482

57115,~~183~~412

4071,~~051~~533

PER SHARE DATA ATTRIBUTABLE TO KENNAMETAL SHAREHOLDERS

Basic earnings per share

0.4476

0.2341

01.7551

0.5192

Diluted earnings per share

0.4475

0.2341

01.7449

0.5191

Basic weighted average shares outstanding

76,~~194~~264

77,~~724~~037

76,~~161~~195

77,~~896~~614

Diluted weighted average shares outstanding

77,~~083~~758

7877,~~379~~651

7677,~~919~~231

78,~~495~~208

KENNAMETAL INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
	Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	~~2025~~2026		~~2024~~2025		~~2025~~2026		~~2024~~2025
Net income	$	3561,~~197~~123	$	1933,~~037~~082	$	59120,~~829~~952	$	4275,~~503~~585
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax
Unrealized (loss) gain on derivatives designated and qualified as cash flow hedges	(~~186~~1)		~~1,169~~(258)		(~~194~~197)		~~1,085~~827
Reclassification of unrealized gain on derivatives designated and qualified as cash flow hedges	(22179)		(~~169~~768)		(~~188~~366)		(~~392~~1,160)
Unrecognized net pension and other postretirement benefit plans (loss) gain	(134)		3,191		511		616
Unrecognized net pension and other postretirement benefit plans gain (loss)	881		(1,502)		1,393		(886)
Reclassification of net pension and other postretirement benefit plans loss	2,~~172~~162		1,~~539~~552		46,~~524~~684		35,~~724~~277
Foreign currency translation adjustments	2(16,~~984~~551)		~~(56~~22,~~998)~~880		(~~269~~16,818)		~~(21,960)~~919
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	4,814		(51,268)		4,384		(16,927)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	(13,688)		21,904		(9,304)		4,977
Total comprehensive income (loss)	40,011		(32,231)		64,213		25,576
Total comprehensive income	47,435		54,986		111,648		80,562
Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	1,244		(669)		1,951		1,397
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests	1,330		2,246		3,281		3,643
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Kennametal Shareholders	$	38,767	$	(31,562)	$	62,262	$	24,179
Comprehensive income attributable to Kennametal Shareholders	$	46,105	$	52,740	$	108,367	$	76,919

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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KENNAMETAL INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

(in thousands, except per share data)	~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026		June 30, 2025
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	~~129~~106,~~318~~850	$	140,540
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $8,804 and $8,819, respectively	288,205		295,401
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $8,589 and $8,819, respectively	334,429		295,401
Inventories (Note 9)	~~621~~747,~~920~~346		538,237
Other current assets	8189,~~835~~452		65,092
Total current assets	1,~~121,~~278,077		1,039,270
Property, plant and equipment:
Land and buildings	~~442~~438,~~101~~083		440,187
Machinery and equipment	2,~~064~~013,~~421~~275		2,058,497
Less accumulated depreciation	(1,~~625~~593,~~214~~447)		(1,578,770)
Property, plant and equipment, net	~~881~~857,~~308~~911		919,914
Other assets:
Goodwill (Note 17)	~~282~~280,~~973~~265		282,726
Other intangible assets, less accumulated amortization of $180,721 and $175,501, respectively (Note 17)	62,545		67,209
Other intangible assets, less accumulated amortization of $182,564 and $175,501, respectively (Note 17)	59,966		67,209
Operating lease right-of-use assets	4544,~~318~~973		45,221
Deferred income taxes	89,~~798~~301		90,473
Other	~~112~~120,~~336~~254		100,599
Total other assets	~~592~~594,~~970~~759		586,228
Total assets	$	2,~~595~~730,~~556~~747	$	2,545,412
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities:
Revolving and other lines of credit and notes payable (Note 11)	$	116,~~430~~750	$	977
Current operating lease liabilities	1211,~~242~~795		12,187
Accounts payable	~~220~~263,~~410~~068		195,929
Accrued income taxes	1510,~~179~~162		8,546
Accrued expenses	4662,~~710~~974		55,584
Other current liabilities	~~143~~171,~~379~~320		149,106
Total current liabilities	~~439~~536,~~350~~069		422,329
Long-term debt, less current maturities (Note 10)	597,~~192~~394		596,788
Operating lease liabilities	33,~~530~~629		33,408
Deferred income taxes	30,~~998~~478		32,609
Accrued pension and postretirement benefits	~~113~~111,~~459~~268		112,715
Accrued income taxes	12,~~976~~674		1,936
Other liabilities	2120,~~394~~863		20,979
Total liabilities	1,~~237~~332,~~899~~375		1,220,764
Commitments and contingencies (Note 18)
EQUITY (Note 15)
Kennametal Shareholders’ Equity:
Preferred stock, no par value; 5,000 shares authorized; none issued	—		—
Capital stock, $1.25 par value; 120,000 shares authorized; 76,191 and 76,012 shares issued, respectively	95,238		95,015
Capital stock, $1.25 par value; 120,000 shares authorized; 76,209 and 76,012 shares issued, respectively	95,262		95,015
Additional paid-in capital	~~372~~381,~~839~~648		373,902
Retained earnings	1,~~228~~271,~~574~~562		1,201,755
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(~~381~~393,~~614~~738)		(386,693)
Total Kennametal Shareholders’ Equity	1,~~315~~354,~~037~~734		1,283,979
Noncontrolling interests	4243,~~620~~638		40,669
Total equity	1,~~357~~398,~~657~~372		1,324,648
Total liabilities and equity	$	2,~~595~~730,~~556~~747	$	2,545,412

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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KENNAMETAL INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW (UNAUDITED)

	Six Months Ended December 31,
	Nine Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	~~2025~~2026		~~2024~~2025
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	59120,~~829~~952	$	4275,~~503~~585
Adjustments to reconcile to cash from operations:
Depreciation	64100,~~662~~441		6293,~~130~~279
Amortization	47,~~751~~138		58,~~438~~142
Stock-based compensation expense	1626,~~952~~015		1318,~~375~~329
Restructuring and other charges, net (Note 6)	46,~~117~~232		17,~~946~~535
Deferred income taxes	(12,~~768~~394)		(1,~~903~~917)
Gain on insurance recoveries	—		(7,500)
Other	1,~~305~~976		~~2,666~~817
Changes in certain assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	7(42,~~839~~512)		4310,~~167~~516
Inventories	(84215,~~080~~973)		(3041,~~695~~269)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	14,665		(27,214)
Other current assets	(25,328)		(1,398)
Accrued income taxes	2,225		606
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	101,717		(14,140)
Accrued pension and postretirement benefits	(374)		(2,445)
Accrued income taxes	2,723		(11,668)
Other	(17,517)		(1,174)
Accrued pension and postretirement benefits	(840)		(5,023)
Net cash flow provided by operating activities	72,606		100,900
Other	(10,466)		(1,558)
Net cash flow provided by operating activities	69,681		129,730
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property, plant and equipment	(3553,~~692~~680)		(4367,~~967~~506)
Disposals of property, plant and equipment	1,~~569~~662		~~405~~460
Proceeds from insurance recoveries	—		7,193
Other	~~336~~391		(~~222~~202)
Net cash flow used in investing activities	(3351,~~787~~627)		(3660,~~591~~055)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net increase in notes payable	~~421~~360		—944
Purchase of capital stock	(10,068)		(30,062)
Net increase in revolving and other lines of credit	15,300		10,200
The effect of employee benefit and stock plans and dividend reinvestment	(7,724)		(6,240)
Purchase of capital stock	(10,068)		(55,081)
Cash dividends paid to Shareholders	(30,364)		(31,148)
The effect of employee benefit and stock plans and dividend reinvestment	(7,954)		(6,570)
Other	(1,853)		(599)
Cash dividends paid to Shareholders	(45,605)		(46,604)
Net cash flow used in financing activities	(49,588)		(68,049)
Other	(2,181)		(915)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(453)		(3,080)
Net cash flow used in financing activities	(50,148)		(98,026)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(1,596)		(2,153)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(1133,~~222~~690)		(630,~~820~~504)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	140,540		127,971
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	~~129~~106,~~318~~850	$	~~121~~97,~~151~~467

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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KENNAMETAL INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which include our accounts and those of our subsidiaries in which we have a controlling interest, should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025 (the “2025 Annual Report”). The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2025 was derived from the audited balance sheet included in our 2025 Annual Report. The interim statements are unaudited; however, we believe that all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the results of the interim periods were made and all adjustments are normal recurring adjustments. The results for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for a full fiscal year. Unless otherwise specified, any reference to a “year” is to a fiscal year ended June 30. For example, a reference to 2026 is to the fiscal year ending June 30, 2026. When used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless the context requires otherwise, the terms “the Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Kennametal Inc. and its subsidiaries.

2.SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW DISCLOSURES

	Six Months Ended December 31,
	Nine Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	~~2025~~2026		~~2024~~2025
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	1216,~~168~~899	$	1217,~~383~~090
Income taxes	2240,~~079~~795		1739,~~130~~636
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash information:
Changes in accounts payable related to purchases of property, plant and equipment	(76,~~029~~012)		~~166~~(346)

3. SUPPLIER FINANCE PROGRAM

We have a supplier finance program managed through two global financial institutions under which we agree to pay the financial institutions the stated amount of confirmed invoices from our participating suppliers on the invoice due date. We, or the global financial institutions, may terminate our agreements at any time upon 30 days written notice. We do not provide any forms of guarantees under these agreements. Supplier participation in the program is solely up to the supplier. We have no economic interest in a supplier’s decision to participate in the program, and their participation has no bearing on our payment terms or amounts due. The payment terms that we have with our suppliers under this program are considered commercially reasonable. As of ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and June 30, 2025, the obligations outstanding that the Company has confirmed as valid to the financial institutions under the program were $3527.05 million and $17.3 million, respectively, and were recorded within trade accounts payable.

4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received on the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy consists of three levels to prioritize the inputs used in valuations, as defined below:

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates); and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3: Inputs that are unobservable.

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KENNAMETAL INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

As of ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, the fair values of our financial assets and financial liabilities are categorized as follows:

(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Derivatives (1)	$	—	$	87118	$	—	$	87118
Total assets at fair value	$	—	$	87118	$	—	$	87118
Liabilities:
Derivatives (1)	$	—	$	226	$	—	$	226
Total liabilities at fair value	$	—	$	226	$	—	$	226

As of June 30, 2025, the fair values of our financial assets and financial liabilities are categorized as follows:


(in thousands)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Derivatives (1)	$	—	$	88	$	—	$	88
Total assets at fair value	$	—	$	88	$	—	$	88

Liabilities:
Derivatives (1)	$	—	$	81	$	—	$	81
Total liabilities at fair value	$	—	$	81	$	—	$	81

(1) Currency derivatives are valued based on observable market spot and forward rates and are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

There have been no changes in classification and transfers between levels in the fair value hierarchy in the current period.

5. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

As part of our financial risk management program, we use certain derivative financial instruments. We do not enter into derivative transactions for speculative purposes and, therefore, we do not hold any derivative instruments for trading purposes. We account for derivative instruments as a hedge of the related asset, liability, firm commitment or anticipated transaction, when the derivative is specifically designated and qualifies as a hedge of such items. Our objective in managing foreign exchange exposures with derivative instruments is to reduce volatility in cash flow. We measure hedge effectiveness by assessing the changes in the fair value or expected future cash flows of the hedged item.

The fair value of derivatives designated and not designated as hedging instruments in the condensed consolidated balance sheets are as follows:

(in thousands)	~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026		June 30, 2025
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Other current assets - range forward contracts	$	4	$	—
Other current liabilities - range forward contracts	—		(9)
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments	4		(9)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Other current assets - currency forward contracts	$	83114	$	88
Other current liabilities - currency forward contracts	(226)		(72)
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments	8188		16
Total derivatives	$	8592	$	7

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KENNAMETAL INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Certain currency forward contracts that hedge significant cross-border intercompany loans are considered as other derivatives and therefore do not qualify for hedge accounting. These contracts are recorded at fair value in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, with the offset to other income, net. Losses (~~Gains~~gains) ~~losses~~ related to derivatives not designated as hedging instruments have been recognized as follows:

Three Months Ended December 31,

Six Months Ended December 31,

Three Months Ended March 31,

Nine Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands)

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

Other income, net

~~(23)~~9

2(56)

(2011)

(1268)

CASH FLOW HEDGES

Range forward contracts (a transaction where both a put option is purchased and a call option is sold) are designated as cash flow hedges and hedge anticipated cash flows from cross-border intercompany sales of products and services. Gains and losses realized on these contracts are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss and are recognized as a component of cost of goods sold when the underlying sale of products or services is recognized into earnings. The notional amount of the contracts translated into U.S. dollars at ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and June 30, 2025 was $51.92 million and $4.7 million, respectively. The time value component of the fair value of range forward contracts is excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness.

The following represents (losses) gains, net of tax, related to cash flow hedges:

	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
	Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	~~2025~~2026		~~2024~~2025		~~2025~~2026		~~2024~~2025
Unrealized (loss) gain recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(186)	$	1,169	$	(194)	$	1,085
Unrealized (loss) gain recognized in other comprehensive income	$	(1)	$	(258)	$	(197)	$	827

No portion of the gains or losses recognized in earnings was due to ineffectiveness and no amounts were excluded from our effectiveness testing for the three and ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025.

NET INVESTMENT HEDGES

As of ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, we had certain foreign currency-denominated intercompany loans payable with total aggregate principal amounts of ¥~~169~~240.92 million and €1521.12 million, designated as net investment hedges to hedge the foreign exchange exposure of our net investment in our China-based and Euro-based subsidiaries, respectively. As of June 30, 2025, we had ¥82.3 million foreign currency-denominated intercompany loans payable designated as net investment hedges to hedge the foreign exchange exposure of our net investment in our China-based subsidiaries. A loss of $0.51 million and a ~~gain~~loss of $01.62 million were recorded as a component of foreign currency translation adjustments in other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025, respectively. A loss of $0.67 million and a ~~gain~~loss of $0.6 million were recorded as a component of foreign currency translation adjustments in other comprehensive income (loss) for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025, respectively.

As of December 31, 2025, the foreign currency-denominated intercompany loans payable designated as net investment hedges consisted of:

Instrument	Notional (CNY and EUR in thousands)(2)		Notional (USD in thousands)(2)		Maturity
Foreign currency-denominated intercompany loan payable	€	10,065	$	11,838	June 2026
Foreign currency-denominated intercompany loan payable	€	5,012	$	5,895	June 2026
Foreign currency-denominated intercompany loan payable	¥	86,351	$	12,348	August 2026
Foreign currency-denominated intercompany loan payable	¥	83,532	$	11,945	September 2026

(2) Includes principal and accrued interest.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

As of March 31, 2026, the foreign currency-denominated intercompany loans payable designated as net investment hedges consisted of:


Instrument	Notional (EUR and CNY in thousands)(2)		Notional (USD in thousands)(2)		Maturity


Foreign currency-denominated intercompany loan payable	€	10,117	$	11,638	June 2026
Foreign currency-denominated intercompany loan payable	€	6,027	$	6,934	June 2026
Foreign currency-denominated intercompany loan payable	€	5,038	$	5,796	June 2026

Foreign currency-denominated intercompany loan payable	¥	84,155	$	12,199	September 2026
Foreign currency-denominated intercompany loan payable	¥	86,954	$	12,605	January 2027
Foreign currency-denominated intercompany loan payable	¥	69,134	$	10,022	February 2027

(2) Includes principal and accrued interest.

6. RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES, NET

In January 2025, we announced several actions to support the long-term competitiveness of the Company and to mitigate softer market conditions. Total restructuring and related charges for this program of $1822.60 million, compared to a ~~revised~~ target of approximately $20 million, were recorded through ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, consisting of $1516.16 million in Metal Cutting and $35.65 million in Infrastructure. The Company substantially completed the closure of a facility in Greenfield, MA and the consolidation of facilities in Barcelona, Spain during 2025 as a part of these actions.

We recorded restructuring and related charges of $32.14 million for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, which consisted of $2.1.9 million in Metal Cutting and $0.94 million in Infrastructure. Included in this amount were restructuring related charges of $0.53 million included in cost of goods sold. We recorded restructuring and related charges of $68.26 million for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, which consisted of $57.4 million in Metal Cutting and $01.83 million in Infrastructure. Included in this amount were restructuring related charges of $2.14 million included in cost of goods sold.

We recorded restructuring and related charges of $15.48 million for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2024~~2025, which consisted of $14.23 million in Metal Cutting and $1.5 million in Infrastructure. Of this amount, restructuring-related charges of $0.2 million were included in ~~Infrastructure~~cost of goods sold. We recorded restructuring and related charges of $27.09 million for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2024~~2025, which consisted of $16.82 million in Metal Cutting and $01.27 million in Infrastructure. Of this amount, restructuring-related charges of $0.4 million were included in cost of goods sold.

As of ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, $87.36 million and $2.83 million of the restructuring accrual was recorded in other current liabilities and other liabilities, respectively, in our condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of June 30, 2025, $11.0 million and $2.4 million of the restructuring accrual was recorded in other current liabilities and other liabilities, respectively. The amounts are as follows:

(in thousands)	June 30, 2025		Expense		Asset Write-Down		Translation		Cash Expenditures		~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026
Severance	$	13,394	$	35,~~452~~567	$	—	$	62(126)	$	(58,~~839~~928)	$	119,~~069~~907
Facilities	—		665		(665)		—		—		—
Total	$	13,394	$	46,~~117~~232	$	(665)	$	62(126)	$	(58,~~839~~928)	$	119,~~069~~907

7. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock Options

	Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life (years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Options outstanding, June 30, 2025	101,947	$	30.20
Exercised	—	—
Lapsed or forfeited	(87,947)	31.69
Options outstanding, December 31, 2025	14,000	$	20.87	0.2	$	106
Options vested, December 31, 2025	14,000	$	20.87	0.2	$	106
Options exercisable, December 31, 2025	14,000	$	20.87	0.2	$	106

As of December 31, 2025 and June 30, 2025, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to options outstanding, and all options were fully vested as of December 31, 2025 and June 30, 2025.

There was no cash received from the exercise of options during the six months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the six months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was zero.

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KENNAMETAL INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

7. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock Options

Changes in our stock options for the nine months ended March 31, 2026 were as follows:


	Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life (years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)
Options outstanding, June 30, 2025	101,947	$	30.20

Exercised	(14,000)	20.87
Lapsed or forfeited	(87,947)	31.69
Options outstanding, March 31, 2026	—	$	—	0.0	$	—
Options vested, March 31, 2026	—	$	—	0.0	$	—
Options exercisable, March 31, 2026	—	$	—	0.0	$	—

As of June 30, 2025, there was no unrecognized compensation cost related to options outstanding, and all options were fully vested. As of March 31, 2026, there were no options outstanding.

There was no cash received from the exercise of options during the nine months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the nine months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 was $0.3 million and zero.

Restricted Stock Units – Performance Vesting and Time Vesting

Changes in our performance vesting and time vesting restricted stock units for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 were as follows:

	Performance Vesting Stock Units	Performance Vesting Weighted Average Fair Value		Time Vesting Stock Units	Time Vesting Weighted Average Fair Value
Unvested, June 30, 2025	568,332	$	24.76	1,197,215	$	25.50
Granted	365,215	21.04		1,~~168~~165,~~845~~467	21.0715
Vested	(244,574)	27.15		(~~659~~676,~~237~~096)	25.5853
Performance metric adjustments, net	(38,930)	26.28		—	—
Forfeited	(4,805)	23.09		(2638,~~645~~716)	23.7235
Unvested, December 31, 2025	645,238	$	21.66	1,680,178	$	22.42
Unvested, March 31, 2026	645,238	$	21.66	1,647,870	$	22.47

During the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025, compensation expense related to time vesting and performance vesting restricted stock units was $1624.07 million and $1217.31 million, respectively. Performance vesting stock units were adjusted by 38,930 units during the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 related to the fiscal 2025 performance year. As of ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested time vesting and performance vesting restricted stock units was $3431.74 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.86 years.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

8. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS

The table below summarizes the components of net periodic pension expense:

Three Months Ended December 31,

Six Months Ended December 31,

Three Months Ended March 31,

Nine Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands)

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

Service cost

~~275~~278

~~229~~221

~~552~~830

~~457~~678

Interest cost

8,~~116~~145

8,~~514~~441

1624,~~243~~389

1725,~~019~~460

Expected return on plan assets

(9,~~555~~577)

(10,~~673~~629)

(1928,~~128~~705)

(2131,~~335~~964)

Amortization of prior service credit

(45)

(21)

(813)

(56)

Recognition of actuarial loss

2,~~916~~929

2,~~107~~082

58,~~840~~768

46,~~210~~292

Settlement

—

836

Net periodic pension expense

1,~~748~~770

~~175~~114

35,~~499~~269

1,~~182~~296

During fiscal 2025, the Company completed the wind-up of its Canadian defined benefit pension plans and recorded a settlement charge of $0.8 million.

The table below summarizes the components of net periodic other postretirement benefit cost:

	Three Months Ended December 31,				Six Months Ended December 31,
	Three Months Ended March 31,				Nine Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	~~2025~~2026		~~2024~~2025		~~2025~~2026		~~2024~~2025
Interest cost	$	87	$	98	$	~~175~~262	$	~~196~~294
Amortization of prior service credit	(63)		(6364)		(~~127~~190)		(~~127~~190)
Recognition of actuarial loss	31		3435		6293		70104
Net periodic other postretirement benefit cost	$	55	$	69	$	~~110~~165	$	~~139~~208

The service cost component of net periodic pension expense is reported as a component of cost of goods sold and operating expense. All other components of net periodic pension expense and net periodic other postretirement benefit cost are reported as a component of other income, net.

119. INVENTORIES

We used the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method of valuing inventories for 30 percent and 34 percent of total inventories at March 31, 2026 and June 30, 2025, respectively. Inventory valuations under the LIFO method are based on an annual determination of quantities and costs as of June 30 of each year; therefore, the interim LIFO valuations are based on our projections of expected year-end inventory levels and costs and are subject to any final year-end LIFO inventory adjustments.

Inventories consisted of the following:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2026		June 30, 2025
Finished goods	$	355,583	$	328,243
Work in process and powder blends	392,921		225,726
Raw materials	159,208		90,257
Inventories at current cost	907,712		644,226
Less: LIFO valuation	(160,366)		(105,989)
Total inventories	$	747,346	$	538,237

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KENNAMETAL INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

9. INVENTORIES

We used the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method of valuing inventories for 32 percent and 34 percent of total inventories at December 31, 2025 and June 30, 2025, respectively. Inventory valuations under the LIFO method are based on an annual determination of quantities and costs as of June 30 of each year; therefore, the interim LIFO valuations are based on our projections of expected year-end inventory levels and costs and are subject to any final year-end LIFO inventory adjustments.

Inventories consisted of the following:

(in thousands)	December 31, 2025		June 30, 2025
Finished goods	$	311,862	$	328,243
Work in process and powder blends	320,717		225,726
Raw materials	131,716		90,257
Inventories at current cost	764,295		644,226
Less: LIFO valuation	(142,375)		(105,989)
Total inventories	$	621,920	$	538,237

10. LONG-TERM DEBT

Fixed rate debt had a fair market value of $~~576~~573.74 million and $570.8 million at ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and June 30, 2025, respectively. The Level 2 fair value is determined based on the quoted market prices for similar debt instruments as of ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and June 30, 2025, respectively.

11. REVOLVING AND OTHER LINES OF CREDIT AND NOTES PAYABLE

During the three months ended December 31, 2025, we entered into the Seventh Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of November 17, 2025 ( the Credit Agreement). The Credit Agreement is a five-year, multi-currency, revolving credit facility, which we use to augment cash from operations and as an additional source of funds. The Credit Agreement allows for borrowings in U.S. dollars, Canadian dollars, euros, pounds sterling and Japanese yen. Interest payable under the Credit Agreement is based upon the type of borrowing under the facility and may be (1) Euro Interbank Offered Rate (EURIBOR), Sterling Overnight Index Average (SONIA), Canadian Overnight Repo Rate Average (CORRA), Tokyo Interbank Offered Rate (TIBOR) and Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) for any borrowings in euros, pounds sterling, Canadian dollars, yen and U.S. dollars, respectively, plus an applicable margin, (2) the greater of the prime rate or the Federal Funds effective rate plus an applicable margin, or (3) fixed as negotiated by us. The Credit Agreement matures in November 2030.

The Credit Agreement requires us to comply with various restrictive and affirmative covenants, including one financial covenant: a maximum leverage ratio where debt, net of domestic cash and sixty percent of the unrestricted cash held outside of the United States, must be less than or equal to 3.75 times trailing twelve months EBITDA, adjusted for certain non-cash expenses.

As of ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, we were in compliance with all the covenants of the Credit Agreement, and there were no$15.3 million borrowings outstanding and $~~650~~634.07 million of additional availability. There were no borrowings outstanding as of June 30, 2025.

Borrowings on other lines of credit and notes payable were $1.4 million and $1.0 million at ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and June 30, 2025, respectively.

12. ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS

The operation of our business has exposed us to certain liabilities and compliance costs related to environmental matters. We are involved in various environmental cleanup and remediation activities at certain sites associated with our current or former operations.

We establish and maintain accruals for estimated liabilities associated with certain environmental matters. At ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, the balance of such accruals was $10.8 million, of which $1.3 million was current. At June 30, 2025, the balance was $11.0 million, of which $1.4 million was current.

12We record a loss contingency when the available information indicates it is probable that we have incurred a liability and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. The likelihood of a loss with respect to a particular environmental matter is often difficult to predict, and determining a meaningful estimate of the loss or a range of loss may not be practicable based on information available. When a material loss contingency is probable but a reasonable estimate cannot be made, or when a material loss contingency is at least reasonably possible, disclosure is provided. The accruals we have established for estimated environmental liabilities represent our best current estimate of the probable and reasonably estimable costs of addressing identified environmental situations, based on our review of currently available evidence, and taking into consideration our prior experience in remediation and that of other companies, as well as public information released by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), other governmental agencies and by the Potentially Responsible Party (PRP) groups in which we are participating. The accrued liabilities for all environmental concerns could change substantially due to factors such as the nature and extent of contamination, changes in remedial requirements, technological changes, discovery of new information, the financial strength of other PRPs, the identification of new PRPs and the involvement of and direction taken by the government or the courts on these matters.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

We record a loss contingency when the available information indicates it is probable that we have incurred a liability and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable. The likelihood of a loss with respect to a particular environmental matter is often difficult to predict, and determining a meaningful estimate of the loss or a range of loss may not be practicable based on information available. When a material loss contingency is probable but a reasonable estimate cannot be made, or when a material loss contingency is at least reasonably possible, disclosure is provided. The accruals we have established for estimated environmental liabilities represent our best current estimate of the probable and reasonably estimable costs of addressing identified environmental situations, based on our review of currently available evidence, and taking into consideration our prior experience in remediation and that of other companies, as well as public information released by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), other governmental agencies and by the Potentially Responsible Party (PRP) groups in which we are participating. The accrued liabilities for all environmental concerns could change substantially due to factors such as the nature and extent of contamination, changes in remedial requirements, technological changes, discovery of new information, the financial strength of other PRPs, the identification of new PRPs and the involvement of and direction taken by the government or the courts on these matters.

Among other environmental laws, we are subject to the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), under which we have been identified by the USEPA or other third party as a PRP with respect to environmental remedial costs at certain Superfund sites. We have evaluated our claims and estimated liability associated with these sites based upon the best information currently available to us. We believe our environmental accruals are adequate to cover our portion of the environmental remedial costs at the sites where we have been designated a PRP, to the extent these expenses are probable and reasonably estimable.

13. INCOME TAXES

The effective income tax rates for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025 were 2723.73 percent and 2923.46 percent, respectively. The year-over-year change is primarily due to favorable geographical mix, ~~which was~~ partially offset by a ~~charge~~larger ~~recorded~~net inbenefit from the ~~current~~advanced ~~year~~manufacturing ~~quarter~~production ~~for~~credit anunder ~~income~~the ~~tax~~Inflation ~~audit~~Reduction ~~settlement~~Act in ~~China and a benefit recorded in~~ the prior year quarter ~~for the advanced manufacturing production credit~~.

The effective income tax rates for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025 were 2725.4 percent and 2725.16 percent, respectively. The year-over-year change is primarily due to afavorable ~~benefit~~geographical ~~recorded~~mix inand ~~the prior year period for interest received to resolve an income tax dispute in India,~~ current year adjustments that include a tax rate change enacted in Germany and an income tax audit settlement in China, partially offset by a larger net benefit from the advanced manufacturing production credit under the Inflation Reduction Act in the prior year and ~~favorable~~the ~~geographical~~benefit ~~mix~~recorded in the prior year for interest received to resolve an income tax dispute in India.

On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), which includes a broad range of tax reform provisions, was signed into law in the United States. We do not expect the OBBBA to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

14. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period, while diluted earnings per share is calculated to reflect the potential dilution that would occur related to the issuance of capital stock under stock option grants, performance awards and restricted stock units. The difference between basic and diluted earnings per share relates solely to the effect of capital stock options, performance awards and restricted stock units.

The following table provides the computation of diluted shares outstanding for the three and ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025:

Three Months Ended December 31,

Six Months Ended December 31,

Three Months Ended March 31,

Nine Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands)

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

Weighted-average shares outstanding during the period

76,~~194~~264

77,~~724~~037

76,~~161~~195

77,~~896~~614

Add: Unexercised stock options and unvested restricted stock units

~~889~~1,494

~~655~~614

~~758~~1,036

~~599~~594

Number of shares on which diluted earnings per share is calculated

77,~~083~~758

7877,~~379~~651

7677,~~919~~231

78,~~495~~208

Unexercised stock options with an exercise price greater than the average market price and restricted stock units not included in the computation because they were anti-dilutive

171

96319

~~121~~14

~~168~~276

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

15. EQUITY

A summary of the changes in the carrying amounts of total equity, Kennametal Shareholders’ equity and equity attributable to noncontrolling interests for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025 is as follows:

	Kennametal Shareholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Capital stock		Additional paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive loss		Non-controlling interests		Total equity
Balance as of September 30, 2025	$	95,104	$	365,696	$	1,209,917	$	(386,497)	$	41,377	$	1,325,597
Balance as of December 31, 2025	$	95,238	$	372,839	$	1,228,574	$	(381,614)	$	42,620	$	1,357,657
Net income	—		—		3358,~~885~~229		—		12,~~312~~894		3561,~~197~~123
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		4,883		(69)		4,814
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(12,124)		(1,564)		(13,688)
Dividend reinvestment	2—		37—		—		—		—		39—
Capital stock issued under employee benefit and stock plans(2)	~~134~~24		78,~~143~~809		—		—		—		78,~~277~~833
Purchase of capital stock	(2)		(37)		—		—		—		(39)
Cash dividends ($0.20 per share)	—		—		(15,241)		—		—		(15,241)
Cash dividends ($0.20 per share)	—		—		(15,228)		—		—		(15,228)
Cash dividends to non-controlling interests	—		—		—		—		(312)		(312)
Total equity, December 31, 2025	$	95,238	$	372,839	$	1,228,574	$	(381,614)	$	42,620	$	1,357,657
Total equity, March 31, 2026	$	95,262	$	381,648	$	1,271,562	$	(393,738)	$	43,638	$	1,398,372

	Kennametal Shareholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Capital stock		Additional paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive loss		Non-controlling interests		Total equity
Balance as of September 30, 2024	$	97,145	$	403,975	$	1,177,023	$	(400,970)	$	40,790	$	1,317,963
Balance as of December 31, 2024	$	96,661	$	394,394	$	1,179,385	$	(450,460)	$	40,121	$	1,260,101
Net income	—		—		1731,~~928~~482		—		1,~~109~~600		1933,~~037~~082
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(49,490)		(1,778)		(51,268)
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		21,258		646		21,904
Dividend reinvestment	2		40		—		—		—		42
Capital stock issued under employee benefit and stock plans(2)	~~172~~49		4,~~753~~532		—		—		—		4,~~925~~581
Purchase of capital stock	(~~658~~1,421)		(1423,~~374~~598)		—		—		—		(1525,~~032~~019)
Cash dividends ($0.20 per share)	—		—		(15,~~566~~456)		—		—		(15,~~566~~456)
Total equity, December 31, 2024	$	96,661	$	394,394	$	1,179,385	$	(450,460)	$	40,121	$	1,260,101
Cash dividends to non-controlling interests	—		—		—		—		(319)		(319)
Total equity, March 31, 2025	$	95,291	$	375,368	$	1,195,411	$	(429,202)	$	42,048	$	1,278,916

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A summary of the changes in the carrying amounts of total equity, Kennametal Shareholders’ equity and equity attributable to noncontrolling interests for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025 is as follows:

	Kennametal Shareholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Capital stock		Additional paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive loss		Non-controlling interests		Total equity
Balance as of June 30, 2025	$	95,015	$	373,902	$	1,201,755	$	(386,693)	$	40,669	$	1,324,648
Net income	—		—		57115,~~183~~412		—		25,~~646~~540		59120,~~829~~952
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		5,079		(695)		4,384
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(7,045)		(2,259)		(9,304)
Dividend reinvestment	4		73		—		—		—		77
Capital stock issued under employee benefit and stock plans(2)	~~817~~841		817,~~334~~143		—		—		—		917,~~151~~984
Purchase of capital stock	(598)		(9,470)		—		—		—		(10,068)
Cash dividends ($0.40 per share)	—		—		(30,364)		—		—		(30,364)
Cash dividends ($0.60 per share)	—		—		(45,605)		—		—		(45,605)
Total equity, December 31, 2025	$	95,238	$	372,839	$	1,228,574	$	(381,614)	$	42,620	$	1,357,657
Cash dividends to non-controlling interests	—		—		—		—		(312)		(312)
Total equity, March 31, 2026	$	95,262	$	381,648	$	1,271,562	$	(393,738)	$	43,638	$	1,398,372

	Kennametal Shareholders’ Equity
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Capital stock		Additional paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive loss		Non-controlling interests		Total equity
Balance as of June 30, 2024	$	97,361	$	416,620	$	1,170,482	$	(434,588)	$	38,724	$	1,288,599
Net income	—		—		4071,~~051~~533		—		24,~~452~~052		4275,~~503~~585
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(15,872)		(1,055)		(16,927)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—		—		5,386		(409)		4,977
Dividend reinvestment	46		81121		—		—		—		85127
Capital stock issued under employee benefit and stock plans(2)	~~705~~755		610,~~346~~877		—		—		—		711,~~051~~632
Purchase of capital stock	(12,~~409~~831)		(2852,~~653~~250)		—		—		—		(3055,~~062~~081)
Cash dividends ($0.40 per share)	—		—		(31,148)		—		—		(31,148)
Cash dividends ($0.60 per share)	—		—		(46,604)		—		—		(46,604)
Total equity, December 31, 2024	$	96,661	$	394,394	$	1,179,385	$	(450,460)	$	40,121	$	1,260,101
Cash dividends to non-controlling interests	—		—		—		—		(319)		(319)
Total equity, March 31, 2025	$	95,291	$	375,368	$	1,195,411	$	(429,202)	$	42,048	$	1,278,916

(2) Net of restricted stock units delivered upon vesting to satisfy tax withholding requirements.

The amounts of comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Kennametal Shareholders and noncontrolling interests are disclosed in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income ~~(loss)~~.

1516

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KENNAMETAL INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

16. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The components of, and changes in, accumulated other comprehensive loss (AOCL) were as follows, net of tax, for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026:

(in thousands)	Pension and other postretirement benefits		Currency translation adjustment		Derivatives		Total
Attributable to Kennametal:
Balance, June 30, 2025	$	(223,016)	$	(165,859)	$	2,182	$	(386,693)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	~~511~~1,393		~~426~~(14,559)		(~~194~~197)		~~743~~(13,363)
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	46,~~524~~684		—		(~~188~~366)		46,~~336~~318
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	58,~~035~~077		~~426~~(14,559)		(~~382~~563)		5(7,~~079~~045)
AOCL, December 31, 2025	$	(217,981)	$	(165,433)	$	1,800	$	(381,614)
AOCL, March 31, 2026	$	(214,939)	$	(180,418)	$	1,619	$	(393,738)
Attributable to noncontrolling interests:
Balance, June 30, 2025	$	—	$	(7,844)	$	—	$	(7,844)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	—		(~~695~~2,259)		—		(~~695~~2,259)
Net other comprehensive loss	—		(~~695~~2,259)		—		(~~695~~2,259)
AOCL, December 31, 2025	$	—	$	(8,539)	$	—	$	(8,539)
AOCL, March 31, 2026	$	—	$	(10,103)	$	—	$	(10,103)

The components of, and changes in, AOCL were as follows, net of tax, for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2024~~2025:

(in thousands)	Pension and other postretirement benefits		Currency translation adjustment		Derivatives		Total
Attributable to Kennametal:
Balance, June 30, 2024	$	(221,308)	$	(216,263)	$	2,983	$	(434,588)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	616		(20,905)		1,085		(19,204)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(887)		1,329		827		1,269
Amounts reclassified from AOCL	35,~~724~~277		—		(~~392~~1,160)		34,~~332~~117
Net other comprehensive income (loss)	4,~~340~~390		~~(20~~1,~~905)~~329		~~693~~(333)		~~(15~~5,~~872)~~386
AOCL, December 31, 2024	$	(216,968)	$	(237,168)	$	3,676	$	(450,460)
AOCL, March 31, 2025	$	(216,918)	$	(214,934)	$	2,650	$	(429,202)
Attributable to noncontrolling interests:
Balance, June 30, 2024	$	—	$	(8,680)	$	—	$	(8,680)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	—		(~~1,055~~409)		—		(~~1,055~~409)
Net other comprehensive loss	—		(~~1,055~~409)		—		(~~1,055~~409)
AOCL, December 31, 2024	$	—	$	(9,735)	$	—	$	(9,735)
AOCL, March 31, 2025	$	—	$	(9,089)	$	—	$	(9,089)

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KENNAMETAL INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Reclassifications out of AOCL for the three and ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025 consisted of the following:

Three Months Ended December 31,

Six Months Ended December 31,

Three Months Ended March 31,

Nine Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands)

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

Affected line item in the Income Statement

Gains on cash flow hedges:

Forward starting interest rate swaps

(255)

(~~511~~766)

Interest expense

Currency exchange contracts

~~226~~18

31(762)

~~262~~281

(8770)

Cost of goods sold

Total before tax

(29237)

(~~224~~1,017)

(~~249~~485)

(~~519~~1,536)

Tax impact

758

55249

61119

~~127~~376

Provision for income taxes

Net of tax

(22179)

(~~169~~768)

(~~188~~366)

(~~392~~1,160)

Pension and other postretirement benefits:

Amortization of prior service credit

(6768)

(65)

(~~135~~203)

(~~132~~196)

Other income, net

Recognition of actuarial losses

2,~~947~~960

2,~~141~~117

58,~~902~~861

46,~~280~~396

Other income, net

Settlement

—

836

Other income, net

Total before tax

2,~~880~~892

2,~~076~~052

58,~~767~~658

47,~~984~~036

Tax impact

(~~708~~730)

(~~537~~500)

(1,~~243~~974)

(1,~~260~~759)

Provision for income taxes

Net of tax

2,~~172~~162

1,~~539~~552

46,~~524~~684

35,~~724~~277

The amount of income tax allocated to each component of other comprehensive ~~income~~ (loss) income for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025 were as follows:

			2025						2024
			2026						2025
(in thousands)	Pre-tax		Tax impact		Net of tax		Pre-tax		Tax impact		Net of tax
Unrealized (loss) gain on derivatives designated and qualified as cash flow hedges	$	(~~246~~1)	$	60—	$	(~~186~~1)	$	~~1,548~~(342)	$	~~(379)~~84	$	~~1,169~~(258)
Reclassification of unrealized gain on derivatives designated and qualified as cash flow hedges	(29237)		758		(22179)		(~~224~~1,017)		55249		(~~169~~768)
Unrecognized net pension and other postretirement benefit plans (loss) gain	(178)		44		(134)		4,313		(1,122)		3,191
Unrecognized net pension and other postretirement benefit plans gain (loss)	1,173		(292)		881		(2,033)		531		(1,502)
Reclassification of net pension and other postretirement benefit plans loss	2,~~880~~892		(~~708~~730)		2,~~172~~162		2,~~076~~052		(~~537~~500)		1,~~539~~552
Foreign currency translation adjustments	2(16,~~984~~551)		—		2(16,~~984~~551)		~~(56~~22,~~998)~~880		—		~~(56~~22,~~998)~~880
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	5,411	$	(597)	$	4,814	$	(49,285)	$	(1,983)	$	(51,268)
Other comprehensive (loss) income	$	(12,724)	$	(964)	$	(13,688)	$	21,540	$	364	$	21,904

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KENNAMETAL INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The amount of income tax allocated to each component of other comprehensive (loss) income for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025 were as follows:

			2025						2024
			2026						2025
(in thousands)	Pre-tax		Tax impact		Net of tax		Pre-tax		Tax impact		Net of tax
Unrealized (loss) gain on derivatives designated and qualified as cash flow hedges	$	(~~257~~261)	$	6364	$	(~~194~~197)	$	1,~~437~~095	$	(~~352~~268)	$	~~1,085~~827
Reclassification of unrealized gain on derivatives designated and qualified as cash flow hedges	(~~249~~485)		61119		(~~188~~366)		(~~519~~1,536)		~~127~~376		(~~392~~1,160)
Unrecognized net pension and other postretirement benefit plans gain	681		(170)		511		844		(228)		616
Unrecognized net pension and other postretirement benefit plans gain (loss)	1,854		(461)		1,393		(1,189)		303		(886)
Reclassification of net pension and other postretirement benefit plans loss	58,~~767~~658		(1,~~243~~974)		46,~~524~~684		47,~~984~~036		(1,~~260~~759)		35,~~724~~277
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(~~269~~16,818)		—		(~~269~~16,818)		~~(21,960)~~919		—		~~(21,960)~~919
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	5,673	$	(1,289)	$	4,384	$	(15,214)	$	(1,713)	$	(16,927)
Other comprehensive (loss) income	$	(7,052)	$	(2,252)	$	(9,304)	$	6,325	$	(1,348)	$	4,977

17. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

A summary of the carrying amount of goodwill attributable to each segment, as well as the changes in such, is as follows:

(in thousands)	Metal Cutting		Infrastructure		Total
Gross goodwill	$	460,387	$	633,211	$	1,093,598
Accumulated impairment losses	(177,661)		(633,211)		(810,872)
Balance as of June 30, 2025	$	282,726	$	—	$	282,726
Activity for the six months ended December 31, 2025:
Activity for the nine months ended March 31, 2026:
Change in gross goodwill due to translation	~~247~~(2,461)		—		~~247~~(2,461)
Gross goodwill	~~460~~457,~~634~~926		633,211		1,~~093~~091,~~845~~137
Accumulated impairment losses	(177,661)		(633,211)		(810,872)
Balance as of December 31, 2025	$	282,973	$	—	$	282,973
Balance as of March 31, 2026	$	280,265	$	—	$	280,265

The components of our other intangible assets were as follows:

	EstimatedUseful Life(in years)	~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026				June 30, 2025
(in thousands)		Gross CarryingAmount		AccumulatedAmortization			Gross CarryingAmount		AccumulatedAmortization
Technology-based and other	4 to 20	$	32,~~786~~520	$	(26,~~723~~678)		$	32,699	$	(26,243)
Customer-related	10 to 21	~~160~~159,~~039~~809		(~~114~~115,~~529~~813)			159,722		(111,184)
Unpatented technology	10 to 30	26,~~467~~521		(25,~~051~~445)			26,373		(24,281)
Trademarks	5 to 20	23,~~974~~680		(14,~~418~~628)			23,917		(13,793)
Total		$	~~243~~242,~~266~~530	$	(~~180~~182,~~721~~564)		$	242,711	$	(175,501)

18. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

In February 2025, MachiningCloud, Inc. filed a lawsuit against the Company in the Superior Court of the State of California alleging breach of a contract and other matters and is seeking more than $330 million in damages. The Company removed the case to federal court in the Western District of California Western Division. At this stage of the litigation, no determination can be made with regard to the outcome of the litigation, including the probability of an unfavorable outcome. The Company intends to vigorously defend the action, including without limitation, bringing counterclaims against MachiningCloud, Inc.

1819

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KENNAMETAL INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

19. SEGMENT DATA

We operate in two reportable segments consisting of Metal Cutting and Infrastructure. Our reportable operating segments have been determined in accordance with our internal management structure, which is organized based on operating activities, the manner in which we organize segments for allocating resources, making operating decisions and assessing performance and the availability of separate financial results. We do not allocate certain corporate expenses related to executive retirement plans, our Board of Directors, strategic initiatives, and certain other costs and report them in Corporate. Our reportable operating segments do not represent the aggregation of two or more operating segments.

METAL CUTTING The Metal Cutting segment develops and manufactures high performance tooling and metal cutting products and services and offers an assortment of standard and custom metal cutting solutions to diverse end markets, including Aerospace & Defense, General Engineering, Energy and Transportation. The products include milling, hole making, turning, threading and toolmaking systems used in the manufacture of airframes, aero engines, trucks and automobiles, ships and various types of industrial equipment. We leverage advanced manufacturing capabilities in combination with varying levels of customization to solve our customers’ toughest challenges and deliver improved productivity for a wide range of applications. Metal Cutting markets its products under the Kennametal®, WIDIA®, WIDIA Hanita® and WIDIA GTD® brands through its direct sales force, a network of independent and national distributors, integrated supplier channels and via the Internet. Application engineers and technicians are critical to the sales process and directly assist our customers with specified product design, selection, application and support.

INFRASTRUCTURE Our Infrastructure segment produces engineered tungsten carbide and ceramic components, earth-cutting tools, and advanced metallurgical powders, primarily for the Aerospace & Defense, Energy, Earthworks and General Engineering end markets. These wear-resistant products include compacts, nozzles, frac seats and custom components used in oil and gas and petrochemical industries; rod blanks and abrasive water jet nozzles for general industries; earth cutting tools and systems used in underground mining, trenching and foundation drilling and road milling; tungsten carbide powders for the oil and gas, aerospace and process industries; high temperature critical wear components, tungsten penetrators and armor solutions for aerospace and defense; and ceramics used by the packaging industry for metallization of films and papers. We combine deep metallurgical and engineering expertise with advanced manufacturing capabilities, such as 3D printing, to deliver solutions that drive improved productivity for our customers. Infrastructure markets its products primarily under the Kennametal® brand and sells through a direct sales force as well as through distributors.

Segment data is summarized as follows:

Three Months Ended December 31,

Six Months Ended December 31,

Three Months Ended March 31,

Nine Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands)

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

Sales:

Metal Cutting

~~331~~357,~~059~~907

~~297~~304,~~786~~349

~~641~~999,~~684~~591

~~594~~899,~~686~~035

Infrastructure

~~198~~234,~~466~~678

~~184~~182,~~265~~050

~~385~~620,~~815~~493

~~369~~551,~~313~~363

Total sales

~~529~~592,~~525~~585

~~482~~486,~~051~~399

1,~~027~~620,~~499~~084

~~963~~1,~~999~~450,398

Cost of goods sold:

Metal Cutting

~~211~~223,~~270~~533

195,~~358~~741

~~412~~635,~~045~~578

~~382~~578,~~864~~605

Infrastructure

~~144~~160,~~355~~284

~~141~~134,~~663~~529

~~286~~447,~~950~~234

~~285~~419,~~095~~624

Operating expense:

Metal Cutting

8894,~~039~~173

8479,~~324~~265

~~174~~268,~~212~~385

~~168~~248,~~895~~161

Infrastructure

2729,~~796~~497

24,~~449~~249

5483,~~060~~558

5175,~~006~~255

1920

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KENNAMETAL INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Three Months Ended March 31,

Nine Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands)

2026

2025

2026

2025

Restructuring and other charges, net:

Metal Cutting

1,~~595~~675

14,~~138~~076

34,~~313~~988

15,~~759~~834

Infrastructure

~~933~~440

~~197~~1,513

~~804~~1,244

~~187~~1,701

Amortization of intangibles:

Metal Cutting

~~396~~401

~~380~~368

~~792~~1,194

~~759~~1,128

Infrastructure

1,~~981~~986

2,~~340~~335

35,~~960~~944

47,~~679~~014

Operating income:

Metal Cutting

2938,~~758~~125

1624,~~586~~900

5189,~~322~~447

4065,~~408~~308

Infrastructure

2342,~~402~~471

1519,~~612~~423

4082,~~042~~512

2847,~~347~~770

Total segment operating income

5380,~~160~~596

3244,~~198~~323

91171,~~364~~959

68113,~~755~~078

Unallocated corporate expenses

(~~499~~1,166)

(~~531~~263)

(12,~~143~~308)

(1,~~062~~325)

Total operating income

5279,~~661~~430

3144,~~667~~060

90169,~~221~~651

67111,~~693~~753

Interest expense

6,~~089~~264

6,~~180~~213

1218,~~275~~539

1218,~~493~~705

Other income, net

(26,~~097~~546)

(15,~~477~~454)

(410,~~418~~964)

(38,~~136~~589)

Income before income taxes

4879,~~669~~712

2643,~~964~~301

82162,~~364~~076

58101,~~336~~637

Depreciation and amortization:

Metal Cutting

2326,~~762~~221

23,~~332~~181

4874,~~210~~432

4669,~~331~~513

Infrastructure

1011,~~606~~945

10,~~679~~672

2133,~~203~~148

2131,~~237~~908

Total depreciation and amortization

3438,~~368~~166

3433,~~011~~853

69107,~~413~~580

67101,~~568~~421

Capital expenditures:

Metal Cutting

511,~~622~~575

1215,~~145~~545

1628,~~821~~979

2843,~~425~~967

Infrastructure

76,~~089~~413

7,~~075~~993

1824,~~871~~701

1523,~~542~~539

Total capital expenditures

1217,~~711~~988

1923,~~220~~538

3553,~~692~~680

4367,~~967~~506

December 31, 2025

December 31, 2024

March 31, 2026

March 31, 2025

Segment assets (3) :

Metal Cutting

1,~~386~~363,~~239~~641

1,~~363~~402,~~197~~985

Infrastructure

~~748~~914,~~730~~769

~~679~~698,~~169~~854

Corporate

~~460~~452,~~587~~337

~~393~~388,~~439~~664

Total assets

2,~~595~~730,~~556~~747

2,~~435~~490,~~805~~503

(3) Metal Cutting and Infrastructure segment assets are principally accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts; inventories; property, plant and equipment, net; goodwill; other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization; and operating lease ROU assets. Corporate assets are principally cash and cash equivalents, other current assets, long-term prepaid pension benefit, deferred income taxes and other assets.

2021

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KENNAMETAL INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)

The following ~~table~~tables ~~presents~~present Kennametal's revenue disaggregated by geography:

	Three Months Ended
	December 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
	March 31, 2026			March 31, 2025
(in percentages)	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total Kennametal	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total Kennametal
Americas	46%	5758%	50%	4445%	5657%	49%
Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA)	3536	2019	30	3637	21	3031
Asia Pacific	1918	23	20	2018	2322	2120

	Six Months Ended
	Nine Months Ended
	December 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
	March 31, 2026			March 31, 2025
(in percentages)	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total Kennametal	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total Kennametal
Americas	46%	57%	50%	45%	56%	49%
EMEA	36	2120	30	36	21	3031
Asia Pacific	18	2223	20	19	23	2120

The following ~~table~~tables ~~presents~~present Kennametal's revenue disaggregated by end market:

	Three Months Ended
	December 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
	March 31, 2026			March 31, 2025
(in percentages)	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total Kennametal	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total Kennametal
General Engineering	5453%	3128%	4543%	5453%	33%	4645%
Transportation	2524	—	1615	2627	—	1617
Aerospace & Defense	1415	10	13	13	910	1112
Energy	78	2123	1214	7	24	1413
Earthworks	—	3839	1415	—	3433	13

	Six Months Ended
	Nine Months Ended
	December 31, 2025			December 31, 2024
	March 31, 2026			March 31, 2025
(in percentages)	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total Kennametal	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total Kennametal
General Engineering	53%	3130%	4544%	5453%	33%	46%
Transportation	25	—	1615	2627	—	16
Aerospace & Defense	14	1110	13	13	9	1112
Energy	8	2122	1213	7	23	13
Earthworks	—	3738	1415	—	35	1413

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Table of Contents

Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)

OVERVIEW

Kennametal Inc. was founded based on a tungsten carbide technology breakthrough in 1938. The Company was incorporated in Pennsylvania in 1943 as a manufacturer of tungsten carbide metal cutting tooling and was listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) in 1967. With more than 85 years of materials expertise, the Company is a global industrial technology leader, helping customers across the Aerospace & Defense, Earthworks, Energy, General Engineering and Transportation industries manufacture with precision and efficiency. This expertise includes the development and application of tungsten carbides, ceramics, super-hard materials and solutions used in metal cutting and extreme wear applications to keep customers up and running longer against conditions such as corrosion and high temperatures.

Our standard and custom product offering spans metal cutting and wear applications including turning, milling, hole making, tooling systems and services, as well as specialized wear components and metallurgical powders. End users of the Company's metal cutting products include manufacturers engaged in a diverse array of industries including: the manufacturers of transportation vehicles and components, machine tools and light and heavy machinery; airframe and aerospace components; and energy-related components for the oil and gas industry, as well as power generation. The Company’s wear and metallurgical powders are used by producers and suppliers in equipment-intensive operations such as road construction, mining, quarrying, oil and gas exploration, refining, production and supply, and for aerospace and defense.

Throughout MD&A, we refer to measures used by management to evaluate performance. We also refer to a number of financial measures that are not defined under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP), including organic sales growth (decline), constant currency regional sales growth (decline) and constant currency end market sales growth (decline). We provide the definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures at the end of the MD&A section as well as details on the use and derivation of these financial measures.

Our sales of $~~529~~592.56 million for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 increased 1022 percent from $~~482~~486.14 million in the prior year quarter, reflecting organic sales growth of 1019 percent and a favorable currency exchange effect of 15 percent, partially offset by a divestiture effect of 12 percent.

Operating income for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 was $5279.74 million compared to $3144.71 million in the prior year quarter. The year-over-year increase of $2135.04 million was driven by the favorable timing of pricing compared to raw material costs of approximately $1739 million within the Infrastructure segment, pricing and tariff surcharges within the Metal Cutting segment, higher sales and production volumes ~~in Metal Cutting~~, ~~and~~ incremental year-over-year restructuring savings of approximately $87 million, favorable foreign currency exchange of approximately $4 million and a decrease in restructuring and related charges of approximately $3 million. These factors were partially offset by higher compensation costs, tariffs and general inflation, athe ~~prior~~net ~~year~~effect ~~benefit~~of approximately $8 million from ~~insurance~~a ~~proceeds~~normalized ofadvanced ~~approximately~~manufacturing $3production ~~million~~credit ~~that~~under ~~did~~the ~~not~~Inflation ~~repeat~~Reduction Act in the current ~~year~~quarter ~~and~~within anthe ~~increase~~Infrastructure insegment, ~~incremental~~and ~~restructuring~~higher ~~and~~raw ~~related~~material ~~charges~~costs ofin ~~approximately~~the $2Metal ~~million~~Cutting segment.

Operating margin for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 was 913.94 percent compared to 69.61 percent in the prior year quarter. The Metal Cutting and Infrastructure segments had operating margins of 910.07 percent and 1118.81 percent, respectively, for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026.

~~Uncertainties~~In ~~with~~February ~~respect~~2026, ~~to evolving global trade policies and tariffs have negatively affected~~ the ~~global economy~~U.S. ~~The~~Supreme ~~Company's~~Court ~~results~~issued ~~of operations, cash flows and financial condition could be negatively impacted by~~ a ~~decrease~~ruling ininvalidating ~~demand~~certain ~~for~~tariffs ~~our~~previously ~~products~~imposed orunder anthe ~~inability~~International toEmergency ~~effectively~~Economic ~~mitigate~~Powers ~~tariff-related~~Act ~~cost~~(IEEPA). ~~increases~~As ~~through~~a ~~pricing~~result ~~and~~of ~~sourcing~~this ~~strategies.~~ruling, ~~These~~companies ~~factors~~may ~~could~~be ~~also~~eligible ~~increase the potential~~ for ~~future~~a ~~impairment~~refund ~~charges,~~of ~~including~~tariffs ~~goodwill~~previously ~~and~~paid ~~other~~on ~~intangible~~imported ~~asset impairments~~goods. We ~~have~~are ~~executed~~continuing ~~tariff~~to ~~mitigation~~monitor ~~actions~~these ~~including~~developments ~~the~~and ~~implementation~~their ofpotential ~~surcharges~~impact on ~~certain~~our ~~product~~results ~~sales~~of ~~and~~operations, ~~where~~financial ~~appropriate,~~position ~~rerouted~~and ~~internal~~cash ~~supply chains~~flows. ~~The unmitigated net effect from increased tariffs was immaterial during the three months ended December 31, 2025.~~

Additionally, our business has been ~~negatively~~ affected by foreign currency exchange, ~~and~~ inflationary headwinds. Weand ~~have~~rising ~~been~~tungsten ~~able~~prices. toThese ~~partially~~pressures, ~~mitigate~~driven ~~the~~by ~~effects~~tightening ofglobal ~~inflation~~supply, ~~foreign~~geopolitical ~~currency~~factors ~~exchange~~and ~~challenges~~evolving trade policies have increased raw material costs and caused other business disruptions. We have been able to mitigate these impacts through price increases on our products, supplier diversification and inventory management initiatives. WeHowever, we cannot predict the ultimate effect of these issues on our business, operating results, cash flows or financial condition. Continued volatility in commodity pricing, ~~but~~foreign weexchange ~~will~~rates ~~continue~~and supply availability could adversely affect our margins, operations and liquidity and may increase the risk of future impairment charges, including goodwill and other intangible assets. We are continuing to monitor macroeconomic conditions and ~~attempt~~will take actions to mitigate ~~the~~these ~~negative~~effects ~~effect~~ to the extent possible.

For the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, earnings per diluted share (EPS) was $0.4475 compared to EPS of $0.2341 in the prior year quarter.

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Net cash flow provided by operating activities was $7269.67 million during the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 compared to $~~100~~129.97 million during the prior year period. Capital expenditures were $3553.7 million and $4467.05 million during the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025, respectively. During the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, the Company returned $4055.57 million to shareholders through $10.1 million in share repurchases and $3045.46 million in dividends. The Company has a long history of consistently paying dividends to shareholders since its listing on the New York Stock Exchange in 1967.

RESULTS OF CONTINUING OPERATIONS

SALES Sales for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 were $~~529~~592.56 million, an increase of $47106.52 million, or 1022 percent, from $~~482~~486.14 million in the prior year quarter, reflecting organic sales growth of 1019 percent and a favorable currency exchange effect of 15 percent, partially offset by a divestiture effect of 12 percent.

Sales for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 were $1,~~027~~620.51 million, an increase of $63169.57 million, or 712 percent, from $~~964~~1,450.04 million in the prior year period, reflecting organic sales growth of 711 percent and a favorable currency exchange effect of 12 percent, partially offset by a divestiture effect of 1 percent.

Our sales growth by end market and region are as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2025		Six Months Ended December 31, 2025
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2026		Nine Months Ended March 31, 2026
(in percentages)	As Reported	Constant Currency(1)	As Reported	Constant Currency(1)
End market sales growth:
Aerospace & Defense	2629%	23%	2426%	2122%
Energy	126	428	—9	311
General Engineering	816	814	48	48
Transportation	57	31	34	1
Earthworks	1849	1843	1224	1122
Regional sales growth:
Americas	1324%	1627%	814%	1117%
Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA)	715	2	69	1
Asia Pacific	727	925	311	411

(1) Constant currency excludes the effect of divestiture and currency exchange.

GROSS PROFIT Gross profit for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 was $~~173~~208.90 million, an increase of $2851.86 million from $~~145~~156.04 million in the prior year quarter. The increase was driven by the favorable timing of pricing compared to raw material costs of approximately $1739 million within the Infrastructure segment, pricing and tariff surcharges within the Metal Cutting segment, higher sales and production volumes, infavorable ~~the~~foreign ~~Metal~~currency ~~Cutting~~exchange ~~segment,~~ and incremental year-over-year restructuring savings. These factors were partially offset by higher compensation costs, tariffs and general inflation, ~~and~~the anet ~~prior~~effect ~~year~~of ~~benefit~~approximately $8 million from ~~insurance~~a ~~proceeds~~normalized ofadvanced ~~approximately~~manufacturing $3production ~~million~~credit ~~that~~under ~~did~~the ~~not~~Inflation ~~repeat~~Reduction Act in the current ~~year~~quarter within the Infrastructure segment, and higher raw material costs in the Metal Cutting segment. Gross profit margin for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 was 3235.81 percent, as compared to 3032.1 percent in the prior year quarter.

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Gross profit for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 was $~~328~~536.4 million, an increase of $3284.40 million from $~~296~~452.04 million in the prior year period. The increase was driven by the favorable timing of pricing compared to raw material costs within the Infrastructure segment of approximately $2564 million, pricing and tariff surcharges within the Metal ~~cutting~~Cutting segment, favorable foreign currency exchange, incremental year-over-year restructuring savings, and higher sales and production volumes ~~in the Metal Cutting segment~~. These factors were partially offset by ~~higher compensation costs,~~ tariffs and general inflation, and ahigher ~~prior~~compensation ~~year benefit from insurance proceeds of approximately $7 million that did not repeat in the current year~~costs. Gross profit margin for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 was 3233.01 percent, as compared to 3031.72 percent in the prior year period.

OPERATING EXPENSE Operating expense for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 was $~~116~~124.30 million compared to $~~109~~104.30 million for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2024~~2025. Operating expense for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 was $~~229~~353.34 million compared to $~~221~~325.0 million for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2024~~2025. The increase in operating expense was primarily due to higher compensation costs, partially offset by year-over-year restructuring savings.

Research and development expenses included in operating expense totaled $1011.30 million and $11.01 million for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025, respectively, and $2031.9 million and $2233.12 million for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025, respectively.

RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGES, NET In January 2025, we announced several actions to support the long-term competitiveness of the Company and to mitigate softer market conditions. Total restructuring and related charges for this program of $1822.60 million, compared to a ~~revised~~ target of approximately $20 million, were recorded through ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, consisting of $1516.16 million in Metal Cutting and $35.65 million in Infrastructure. The Company substantially completed the closure of a facility in Greenfield, MA and the consolidation of facilities in Barcelona, Spain during 2025 as a part of these actions.

INTEREST EXPENSE Interest expense for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 ~~decreased~~increased to $6.13 million compared to $6.2 million for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2024~~2025. Interest expense for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 decreased to $1218.35 million compared to $1218.57 million for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2024~~2025.

OTHER INCOME, NET Other income, net for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 was $26.15 million compared to $15.5 million during the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2024~~2025. Other income, net for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 was $411.40 million compared to $38.16 million during the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2024~~2025. The increase in other income, net was primarily due to foreign currency transaction gains including preferential exchange rates in Bolivia, partially offset by higher net periodic pension expense in the current year.

PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES The effective income tax rates for the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025 were 2723.73 percent and 2923.46 percent, respectively. The year-over-year change is primarily due to favorable geographical mix, ~~which was~~ partially offset by a ~~charge~~larger ~~recorded~~net inbenefit from the ~~current~~advanced ~~year~~manufacturing ~~quarter~~production ~~for~~credit anunder ~~income~~the ~~tax~~Inflation ~~audit~~Reduction ~~settlement~~Act in ~~China and a benefit recorded in~~ the prior year quarter ~~for the advanced manufacturing production credit~~.

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

BUSINESS SEGMENT REVIEW

Our sales and operating income by segment are as follows:

Three Months Ended December 31,

Six Months Ended December 31,

Three Months Ended March 31,

Nine Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands)

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

Sales:

Metal Cutting

~~331~~357,~~059~~907

~~297~~304,~~785~~349

~~641~~999,~~684~~591

~~594~~899,~~686~~035

Infrastructure

~~198~~234,~~466~~678

~~184~~182,~~266~~050

~~385~~620,~~815~~493

~~369~~551,~~313~~363

Total sales

~~529~~592,~~525~~585

~~482~~486,~~051~~399

1,~~027~~620,~~499~~084

~~963~~1,~~999~~450,398

Operating income:

Metal Cutting

2938,~~758~~125

1624,~~586~~900

5189,~~322~~447

4065,~~408~~308

Infrastructure

2342,~~402~~471

1519,~~612~~423

4082,~~042~~512

2847,~~347~~770

Corporate

(~~499~~1,166)

(~~531~~263)

(12,~~143~~308)

(1,~~062~~325)

Total operating income

5279,~~661~~430

3144,~~667~~060

90169,~~221~~651

67111,~~693~~753

Interest expense

6,~~089~~264

6,~~180~~213

1218,~~275~~539

1218,~~493~~705

Other income, net

(26,~~097~~546)

(15,~~477~~454)

(410,~~418~~964)

(38,~~136~~589)

Income before income taxes

4879,~~669~~712

2643,~~964~~301

82162,~~364~~076

58101,~~336~~637

METAL CUTTING

Three Months Ended December 31,

Six Months Ended December 31,

Three Months Ended March 31,

Nine Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands, except operating margin)

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

Sales

~~331~~357,~~059~~907

~~297~~304,~~785~~349

~~641~~999,~~684~~591

~~594~~899,~~686~~035

Operating income

2938,~~758~~125

1624,~~586~~900

5189,~~322~~447

4065,~~408~~308

Operating margin

910.07

58.62

8.09

67.83

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2025	Six Months Ended December 31, 2025
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2026	Nine Months Ended March 31, 2026
(in percentages)
Organic sales growth	912%	68%
Foreign currency exchange effect(1)	26	23
Business days effect(4)	—	—
Sales growth	1118%	811%

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2025		Six Months Ended December 31, 2025
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2026		Nine Months Ended March 31, 2026
(in percentages)	As Reported	Constant Currency(1)		As Reported	Constant Currency(1)
End market sales growth:
Aerospace & Defense	2232%	1927%		2024%	1821%
Energy	1526	1117		1518	1214
Transportation	57	31		34	1
General Engineering	1118	913		610	58
Regional sales growth:
Americas	1519%	1517%		1114%	1013%
EMEA	915	3		710	2
Asia Pacific	619	918		28	48

(1) Constant currency excludes the effect of divestiture and currency exchange.

For the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, Metal Cutting sales increased 1118 percent compared to the prior year quarter. The increase was driven by an organic sales growth of 912 percent and a favorable currency exchange effect of 26 percent. General Engineering end market sales increased primarily due to pricing and demand within the indirect channel. Sales in the Aerospace & Defense end market increased as a result of improved build rates ~~in the Americas, easing supply chain pressures in EMEA~~ and our global strategic focus. Energy end market sales increased in all regions and primarily in the Americas due to data center power generation initiatives. ~~General~~Transportation ~~Engineering~~ end market sales increased ~~primarily~~in ~~due~~the toAmericas ~~order~~and ~~timing~~Asia ~~within~~Pacific ~~the~~primarily ~~indirect~~due ~~channel~~to ~~and~~ pricing., ~~Transportation~~partially ~~end~~offset ~~market~~by ~~sales~~declines ~~increased~~in EMEA due to ~~internal~~lower ~~combustion~~vehicle ~~engine~~production. ~~and~~The ~~transmission~~decline ~~wins~~ in ~~the~~EMEA ~~Americas~~was offset by favorable currency exchange and pricing.

OnFor athe ~~regional~~three ~~basis,~~months ~~sales~~ended inMarch 31, ~~the Americas~~2026, ~~EMEA~~sales ~~and Asia Pacific~~ increased across all ~~end markets~~regions. Sales increased in the Americas primarily asdue ato ~~result~~pricing ofand indirect channel demand within General Engineering, ~~and~~improving build rates in Aerospace & Defense and data center power generation initiatives in Energy. Sales growth in EMEA was driven primarily by our global strategic focus in Aerospace & Defense. ~~Sales~~The sales increase in Asia Pacific ~~increased~~was driven primarily ~~due~~by topricing ~~General~~and ~~Engineering~~demand ~~and~~within ~~Aerospace~~the &indirect ~~Defense~~channel in General Engineering.

For the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, Metal Cutting operating income was $2938.81 million compared to $1624.69 million in the prior year quarter. The increase in operating income was driven by pricing and tariff surcharges, higher sales and production volumes, ~~and~~ incremental year-over-year restructuring savings of approximately $65 million, favorable foreign currency exchange of approximately $3 million and a decrease in restructuring and related charges of approximately $2 million. These factors were partially offset by higher compensation costs, ~~and~~ tariffs and general inflation, and higher raw material costs.

For the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, Metal Cutting sales increased 811 percent compared to the prior year period. The increase was driven by an organic sales growth of 68 percent and a favorable currency exchange effect of 23 percent. Sales in the General Engineering end market increased primarily due to pricing and demand within the indirect channel within the Americas and Asia Pacific. Aerospace & Defense end market sales increased as a result of improved build rates in the Americas, easing supply chain pressures in EMEA and our global strategic focus. Energy end market sales increased ~~in the Americas and Asia Pacific~~ primarily due to our strategic focus. ~~Sales in the General Engineering end market increased primarily due to order timing within the indirect channel~~ and pricing. Transportation end market sales increased primarily in the Americas due to ~~light vehicle production and~~ pricing ~~as well as favorable currency exchange~~, ~~the effects of which were~~ partially offset by declines in ~~Asia~~EMEA ~~Pacific~~ due to ~~project~~lower ~~timing~~vehicle ~~and~~production. The decline in EMEA ~~due~~was tooffset aby ~~decline~~favorable incurrency ~~vehicle~~exchange ~~production~~and pricing.

OnFor athe ~~regional~~nine ~~basis,~~months ~~sales~~ended inMarch 31, ~~the~~2026, ~~Americas~~sales increased across all ~~end markets~~regions. Sales ~~increased~~ in ~~EMEA~~the Americas increased primarily due to ~~Aerospace~~pricing and indirect channel demand within General Engineering, improving build rates in Aerospace & Defense and ~~favorable~~data ~~currency~~center ~~exchange~~power generation initiatives in Energy. Sales growth in ~~Asia~~EMEA ~~Pacific~~was ~~increased~~driven primarily ~~due~~by toour ~~General~~global ~~Engineering~~strategic ~~and~~focus on Aerospace ~~and~~& Defense,. ~~partially~~The ~~offset~~sales increase in Asia Pacific was driven primarily by apricing ~~decline~~and demand within the indirect channel in ~~Transportation~~General Engineering and ~~unfavorable~~our ~~currency~~global ~~exchange~~strategic focus in Aerospace & Defense.

For the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, Metal Cutting operating income was $5189.34 million compared to $4065.43 million in the prior year period. The increase in operating income was primarily due to pricing and tariff surcharges, higher sales and production volumes and incremental year-over-year restructuring savings of approximately $1217 million, ~~and higher sales and production volumes,~~ partially offset by higher compensation costs, and tariffs and general inflation~~, and an increase in incremental restructuring and related charges of approximately $4 million~~.

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INFRASTRUCTURE

Three Months Ended December 31,

Six Months Ended December 31,

Three Months Ended March 31,

Nine Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands)

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

Sales

~~198~~234,~~466~~678

~~184~~182,~~266~~050

~~385~~620,~~815~~493

~~369~~551,~~313~~363

Operating income

2342,~~402~~471

1519,~~612~~423

4082,~~042~~512

2847,~~347~~770

Operating margin

1118.81

810.57

1013.43

78.7

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2025	Six Months Ended December 31, 2025
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2026	Nine Months Ended March 31, 2026
(in percentages)
Organic sales growth	1130%	715%
Foreign currency exchange effect(1)	14	12
Business days effect(4)	—	—
Divestiture effect(3)	(45)	(4)
Sales growth	829%	413%

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2025		Six Months Ended December 31, 2025
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2026		Nine Months Ended March 31, 2026
(in percentages)	As Reported	Constant Currency(1)	As Reported	Constant Currency(1)
End market sales growth (decline):
End market sales growth:
Aerospace & Defense	3724%	3317%	3430%	3025%
Energy	~~(6)~~27	—34	~~(7)~~4	~~(2)~~10
General Engineering	~~(1)~~11	518	~~(3)~~2	38
Earthworks	1849	1843	1224	1122
Regional sales growth (decline):
Americas	931%	1742%	514%	1222%
EMEA	415	~~(1)~~—	37	(21)
Asia Pacific	738	835	315	414

(1) Constant currency excludes the effect of divestiture and currency exchange.

For the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, Infrastructure sales increased 829 percent from the prior year quarter. The increase was driven by an organic sales growth of 1130 percent and a favorable currency exchange effect of 14 percent, partially offset by a divestiture effect of 45 percent. ~~Aerospace~~Earthworks ~~& Defense~~ end market sales increased ~~primarily~~ in ~~the~~all ~~Americas~~regions as a result of ~~the~~pricing, ~~execution~~share ofgains ~~our~~in ~~growth~~mining ~~initiatives~~and construction and ~~project~~higher ~~timing~~demand in construction from availability of material. ~~Earthworks~~Energy end market sales increased asin athe ~~result~~Americas due to pricing, which was partially offset by the effect of ~~share~~a ~~gains~~divestiture and declines in ~~mining~~EMEA and ~~higher~~Asia ~~global~~Pacific ~~construction~~from ~~volumes~~softer ~~due~~market toconditions ~~buy-ahead~~ and ~~share~~order ~~gains~~timing. Sales in the General Engineering end market increased in ~~the~~Asia ~~Americas~~Pacific and ~~Asia~~the ~~Pacific~~Americas due to pricing, share gains, and project timing ~~and buy-ahead~~, partially offset by the effect of a divestiture and a decline in EMEA due to lower ceramics sales. ~~Energy~~Aerospace & Defense end market sales increased primarily in the Americas ~~due~~as toa ~~pricing,~~result ~~which~~of ~~was offset by~~ the ~~effect~~execution of aour ~~divestiture,~~growth ~~declines~~initiatives ~~in EMEA~~ and ~~Asia~~project ~~Pacific from softer market conditions and order~~ timing~~, and unfavorable currency exchange~~.

On a regional basis, sales in the Americas increased primarily due to pricing and higher volume in ~~all~~Earthworks ~~end~~and ~~markets~~Aerospace & Defense, partially offset by the effect of a divestiture. Sales in EMEA ~~decreased~~declined ~~due to a decline~~ in General Engineering, the effect of which was ~~more than~~ offset by price, favorable currency exchange and ~~sales~~higher demand in Earthworks. Sales in Asia Pacific increased primarily due to pricing and higher demand in General Engineering and Earthworks.

For the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, Infrastructure operating income was $2342.45 million compared to $1519.64 million in the prior year quarter. The increase in operating income was driven by the favorable timing of pricing compared to raw material costs of approximately $1739 million, and incremental year-over-year restructuring savings of approximately $2 million. These factors were partially offset by ~~higher~~the ~~compensation~~net ~~costs,~~effect aof ~~prior~~approximately ~~year~~$8 ~~benefit~~million from ~~net~~a ~~insurance~~normalized ~~proceeds~~advanced ofmanufacturing ~~approximately~~production $3credit ~~million~~under ~~that~~the ~~did~~Inflation ~~not~~Reduction ~~repeat~~Act in the current ~~year~~quarter, higher compensation costs and general inflation.

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

For the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, Infrastructure sales increased 413 percent from the prior year period. The increase was driven by an organic sales growth of 715 percent and a favorable currency exchange effect of 12 percent, partially offset by a divestiture effect of 4 percent. ~~Aerospace & Defense end market sales increased in the Americas and EMEA as a result of the execution of our growth initiatives and project timing.~~ Earthworks end market sales increased as a result of pricing, share gains in mining and ~~higher~~construction ~~global~~and ~~construction~~higher ~~volumes~~demand ~~due~~in toconstruction ~~buy-ahead~~from ~~and~~availability ~~share~~of ~~gains~~material. Sales in the General Engineering end market increased in ~~the~~Asia ~~Americas~~Pacific and ~~Asia~~the ~~Pacific~~Americas due to pricing, share gains and project timing, partially offset by the effect of a divestiture and a decline in EMEA due to lower ceramics sales. Aerospace & Defense end market sales increased in Americas and EMEA as a result of the execution of our growth initiatives and project timing. Energy end market sales ~~decreased~~increased in the Americas primarily due to pricing, which was partially offset by the effect of a divestiture, and declines in EMEA and Asia Pacific ~~due~~from to softer market conditions and order timing.

On a regional basis, sales in the Americas increased in all end markets due to price and higher volume in Earthworks and Aerospace & Defense, partially offset by the effect of a divestiture. Sales in EMEA decreased due to a decline in General Engineering, ~~the effect of~~ which was ~~more~~partially ~~than~~ offset by favorable currency exchange and sales in Earthworks. Sales in Asia Pacific increased primarily due to price and higher demand in General Engineering and Earthworks.

For the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, Infrastructure operating income was $4082.05 million compared to $2847.38 million in the prior year period. The increase in operating income was driven by the favorable timing of pricing compared to raw material costs of approximately $2564 million, and incremental year-over-year restructuring savings of approximately $45 million. These factors were partially offset by higher compensation costs, the net effect of approximately $8 million from a normalized advanced manufacturing production credit under the Inflation Reduction Act, a prior year benefit from net insurance proceeds of approximately $7 million that did not repeat in the current year and general inflation.

CORPORATE

Three Months Ended December 31,

Six Months Ended December 31,

Three Months Ended March 31,

Nine Months Ended March 31,

(in thousands)

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

~~2025~~2026

~~2024~~2025

Corporate expense

(~~499~~1,166)

(~~531~~263)

(12,~~143~~308)

(1,~~062~~325)

For the three months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, Corporate expense ~~decreased~~increased by$0.9 anmillion ~~immaterial amount~~ from the prior year quarter. For the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, Corporate expense increased by $0.1.0 million from the prior year quarter.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash flow from operations is the primary source of funding for our capital expenditures. For the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, cash flow provided by operating activities was $7269.67 million.

As of December 31, 2025, we were in compliance with all the covenants of the Credit Agreement, and there were no borrowings outstanding and $650.0 million of additional availability. There were no borrowings outstanding as of June 30, 2025.29

We consider the majority of the unremitted earnings of our non-U.S. subsidiaries to be permanently reinvested. With regard to these unremitted earnings, we have not, nor do we anticipate the need to, repatriate funds to the U.S. to satisfy domestic liquidity needs arising in the ordinary course of business, including liquidity needs associated with our domestic debt service requirements. With regard to the small portion of unremitted earnings that are not indefinitely reinvested, we maintain a deferred tax liability for foreign withholding and U.S. state income taxes.

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

AtAs ~~December~~of March 31, ~~2025~~2026, ~~cash~~we ~~and~~were ~~cash~~in ~~equivalents~~compliance ~~were~~with ~~$129.3~~all ~~million.~~the ~~Total~~covenants ~~Kennametal~~of ~~shareholders'~~the ~~equity~~Credit ~~was $1~~Agreement,~~315.0~~ ~~million~~ and ~~total~~there ~~debt~~were ~~was~~ $~~598~~15.63 million. ~~Our~~borrowings ~~current~~outstanding ~~senior credit ratings are at investment grade levels. We believe that our current financial position, liquidity~~ and ~~credit ratings provide us access to the capital markets~~$634.7 Wemillion ~~believe that we have sufficient resources available to meet cash requirements for the next 12 months. We continue to closely monitor our liquidity position and the condition~~ of ~~the~~additional ~~capital markets, as well as the counterparty risk of our credit providers~~availability. There ~~have~~were ~~been~~ no ~~material~~borrowings ~~changes~~outstanding inas ~~our~~of ~~contractual obligations and commitments since~~ June 30, 2025.

~~Share~~We ~~Repurchase~~consider ~~Program~~the Inmajority ~~February~~of ~~2024,~~ the ~~Board~~unremitted earnings of ~~Directors~~our ofnon-U.S. ~~the~~subsidiaries ~~Company~~to ~~authorized~~be ~~the~~permanently ~~Company~~reinvested. With regard to ~~purchase~~these upunremitted toearnings, ~~$200~~we ~~million~~have ofnot, ~~the~~nor ~~Company's~~do ~~common~~we ~~stock~~anticipate ~~over~~the aneed ~~three-year~~to, ~~period.~~repatriate ~~During~~funds to the ~~three~~U.S. ~~and~~to ~~six~~satisfy ~~months~~domestic ~~ended~~liquidity ~~December 31,~~needs ~~2025,~~arising in the ~~Company~~ordinary ~~repurchased~~course anof ~~immaterial~~business, ~~amount~~including ~~and~~liquidity ~~$10~~needs ~~million,~~associated ~~respectively,~~with ofour ~~Kennametal~~domestic ~~common~~debt ~~stock~~service requirements. ~~Inception-~~With regard to~~-date~~ the ~~Company~~small ~~has~~portion ~~repurchased~~of ~~$70~~unremitted ~~million~~earnings ofthat ~~Kennametal~~are ~~common~~not ~~stock~~indefinitely ~~under~~reinvested, ~~the~~we ~~$200~~maintain ~~million~~a ~~three-year~~deferred ~~program~~tax liability for foreign withholding and U.S. state income taxes.

~~Dividends~~At ~~During~~March 31, 2026, cash and cash equivalents were $106.9 million. Total Kennametal shareholders' equity was $1,354.7 million and total debt was $614.1 million. Our current senior credit ratings are at investment grade levels. We believe that our current financial position, liquidity and credit ratings provide us access to the ~~six~~capital markets. We believe that we have sufficient resources available to meet cash requirements for the next 12 months. ~~ended~~We ~~December 31,~~continue ~~2025~~to closely monitor our liquidity position and the condition of the capital markets, as well as the ~~Company~~counterparty ~~paid~~risk aof ~~total~~our credit providers. As the availability and price of ~~$30~~tungsten continues to evolve, we will evaluate the potential for additional funding to support our liquidity position.4 ~~million~~There have been no material changes in ~~dividends~~our tocontractual ~~Kennametal~~obligations ~~Shareholders~~and commitments since June 30, 2025.

Share Repurchase Program In February 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the Company to purchase up to $200 million of the Company's common stock over a three-year period. During the nine months ended March 31, 2026, the Company repurchased $10 million of Kennametal common stock. Inception-to-date the Company has repurchased $70 million of Kennametal common stock under the $200 million three-year program.

Dividends During the nine months ended March 31, 2026, the Company paid a total of $45.6 million in dividends to Kennametal Shareholders.

Cash Flow Provided by Operating Activities

During the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, cash flow provided by operating activities was $7269.67 million, compared to $~~100~~129.97 million for the prior year period. Cash flow provided by operating activities for the current year period consisted of net income and non-cash items amounting to an inflow of $~~149~~260.84 million and changes in certain assets and liabilities netting to an outflow of $77190.27 million. Contributing to the changes in certain assets and liabilities were an increase in inventories of $84216.10 million resulting largely from rising tungsten prices, an increase in accounts receivable of $42.5 million, an increase in other current assets of $25.3 million and an increase in other, primarily ~~prepaid~~long-term assets, of $1710.5 million. Partially offsetting these cash outflows was an increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $14101.7 million ~~and a decrease in accounts receivable of $7~~.~~8 million.~~

During the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2024~~2025, cash flow provided by operating activities was $~~100~~129.97 million and consisted of net income and non-cash items amounting to an inflow of $~~118~~194.73 million and changes in certain assets and liabilities netting to an outflow of $1764.85 million. Contributing to the changes in certain assets and liabilities were an increase in inventories of $3041.73 million, ~~and~~ a decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $2714.21 million and a decrease in accrued income taxes of $11.7 million. Partially offsetting these cash outflows was a decrease in accounts receivable of $4310.25 million.

Cash Flow Used in Investing Activities

Cash flow used in investing activities was $3351.86 million for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, compared to $3660.61 million for the prior year period. During the current year period, cash flow used in investing activities included capital expenditures of $3553.7 million, which consisted primarily of equipment upgrades, partially offset by proceeds from disposals of $1.7 million.

Cash flow used in investing activities was $3660.61 million for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2024~~2025, including capital expenditures of $4467.05 million, which consisted primarily of equipment upgrades, partially offset by proceeds from insurance recoveries of $7.2 million.

Cash Flow Used in Financing Activities

Cash flow used in financing activities was $4950.61 million for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 compared to $6898.0 million in the prior year period. During the current year period, cash flow used in financing activities primarily included $3045.46 million of cash dividends paid to Kennametal Shareholders, $10.1 million in common shares repurchased and $78.70 million of the effect of employee benefit and stock plans and dividend reinvestment, partially offset by borrowings of $15.3 million under the Credit Agreement.

~~Cash flow used in financing activities was $68.0 million for the six months ended December 31, 2024 and primarily included $31.1 million of cash dividends paid to Kennametal Shareholders, $~~30~~.1 million in common shares repurchased and $6.2 million of the effect of employee benefit and stock plans and dividend reinvestment.~~

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Working capital was $681.9 million at December 31, 2025, an increase of $65.0 million from $616.9 million at June 30, 2025. The increase in working capital was primarily driven by an increase in inventories of $83.7 million resulting from rising tungsten prices, an increase in other current assets of $16.7 million, which consisted primarily of prepaid assets, a decrease of accrued expenses of $8.9 million and a decrease in other current liabilities of $5.7 million, partially offset by an increase in accounts payable of $24.5 million, a decrease in cash and cash equivalents of $11.2 million, a decrease in accounts receivable of $7.2 million and an increase in accrued income taxes of $6.6 million. Currency exchange rate effects decreased working capital by a total of approximately $0.9 million, the effects of which are included in the aforementioned changes.

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

~~Property,~~Cash ~~plant~~flow ~~and~~used ~~equipment,~~in ~~net~~financing ~~decreased~~activities was $3898.60 million ~~from~~for ~~$919.9~~the ~~million~~nine atmonths ~~June 30~~ended March 31, 2025 toand primarily included $~~881~~55.31 million atin ~~December 31,~~common ~~2025~~shares repurchased, ~~primarily~~$46.6 ~~due~~million of cash dividends paid to ~~depreciation~~Kennametal ~~expense~~Shareholders ofand $646.76 million, ~~partially~~of ~~offset~~the byeffect ~~net~~of ~~capital~~employee ~~additions~~benefit ofand ~~$34.1~~stock ~~million~~plans and ~~currency~~dividend ~~exchange~~reinvestment, ~~effects~~partially offset by borrowings of $010.82 million under the Credit Agreement.

AtFINANCIAL December 31, 2025, total other assets were $593.0 million, an increase of $6.7 million from $586.2 million at June 30, 2025. The increase was primarily due to an increase in other of $11.7 million, which consisted primarily of pension assets and long-term prepaid assets, partially offset by amortization of intangibles of $4.8 million. Currency exchange rate effects were approximately $0.5 million, the effects of which are included in the aforementioned changes.CONDITION

~~Kennametal~~Working ~~Shareholders'~~capital ~~equity~~ was $~~1,315~~742.0 million at ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, an increase of $31125.1 million from $~~1,284~~616.09 million at June 30, 2025. The increase in working capital was primarily ~~due~~driven toby ~~net~~an ~~income~~increase ~~attributable~~in toinventories ~~Kennametal~~ of $57209.21 million, ~~capital~~resulting ~~stock~~from ~~issued~~rising ~~under~~tungsten ~~employee~~prices, ~~benefit~~an ~~and~~increase ~~stock~~in ~~plans~~accounts receivable of $739.30 million, and ~~other~~an ~~comprehensive~~increase ~~income~~in ~~attributable~~other tocurrent ~~Kennametal~~assets of $424.94 million, which consisted primarily of prepaid assets, partially offset by an increase in accounts payable of $67.1 million, a decrease in cash ~~dividends~~and ~~paid~~cash toequivalents ~~Kennametal~~of ~~Shareholders~~$33.7 million, an increase in other current liabilities of $3022.42 million, an increase in revolving and ~~the~~other ~~repurchase~~lines of ~~capital~~credit ~~stock~~and notes payable of $1015.18 million ~~primarily~~and ~~under~~an increase of accrued expenses of $7.4 million. Currency exchange rate effects decreased working capital by a total of approximately $5.6 million, the ~~share~~effects ~~repurchase~~of ~~program~~which are included in the aforementioned changes.

Property, plant and equipment, net decreased $62.0 million from $919.9 million at June 30, 2025 to $857.9 million at March 31, 2026, primarily due to depreciation expense of $100.4 million and currency exchange effects of $5.5 million, partially offset by net capital additions of $52.0 million,

At March 31, 2026, total other assets were $594.8 million, an increase of $8.5 million from $586.2 million at June 30, 2025. The increase was primarily due to an increase in other of $19.7 million, which consisted primarily of pension assets and long-term prepaid assets, partially offset by amortization of intangibles of $7.1 million. Currency exchange rate effects were approximately $4.8 million, the effects of which are included in the aforementioned changes.

Kennametal Shareholders' equity was $1,354.7 million at March 31, 2026, an increase of $70.8 million from $1,284.0 million at June 30, 2025. The increase was primarily due to net income attributable to Kennametal of $115.4 million and capital stock issued under employee benefit and stock plans of $18.0 million, partially offset by cash dividends paid to Kennametal Shareholders of $45.6 million, the repurchase of capital stock of $10.1 million primarily under the share repurchase program, and other comprehensive loss attributable to Kennametal of $7.0 million.

DISCUSSION OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

There have been no changes to our critical accounting policies since June 30, 2025.

RECONCILIATION OF FINANCIAL MEASURES NOT DEFINED BY U.S. GAAP

In accordance with SEC rules, below are the definitions of the non-GAAP financial measures we use in this report and the reconciliation of these measures to the most closely related GAAP financial measures. We believe that these measures provide useful perspective on underlying business trends and results and provide a supplemental measure of year-over-year results. The non-GAAP financial measures described below are used by management in making operating decisions, allocating financial resources and for business strategy purposes. We believe these measures may be useful to investors as they provide supplemental information about business performance and provide investors a view of our business results through the eyes of management. These non-GAAP financial measures are not intended to be considered by the user in place of the related GAAP financial measure, but rather as supplemental information to our business results. These non-GAAP financial measures may not be the same as similar measures used by other companies due to possible differences in method and in the items or events being adjusted.

Organic sales growth (decline) Organic sales growth (decline) is a non-GAAP financial measure of sales growth (decline) (which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure) excluding the effects of acquisitions, divestitures, business days and foreign currency exchange from year-over-year comparisons. We believe this measure provides investors with a supplemental understanding of underlying sales trends by providing sales growth (decline) on a consistent basis. Also, we report organic sales growth (decline) at the consolidated and segment levels.

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Constant currency end market sales growth (decline) Constant currency end market sales growth (decline) is a non-GAAP financial measure of sales growth (decline) (which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure) by end market excluding the effects of acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency exchange from year-over-year comparisons. We note that, unlike organic sales growth, constant currency end market sales growth does not exclude the effect of business days. We believe this measure provides investors with a supplemental understanding of underlying end market trends by providing end market sales growth (decline) on a consistent basis. Also, we report constant currency end market sales growth (decline) at the consolidated and segment levels.

Constant currency regional sales growth (decline) Constant currency regional sales growth (decline) is a non-GAAP financial measure of sales growth (decline) (which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure) by region excluding the effects of acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency exchange from year-over-year comparisons. We note that, unlike organic sales growth, constant currency regional sales growth does not exclude the effect of business days. We believe this measure provides investors with a supplemental understanding of underlying regional trends by providing regional sales growth (decline) on a consistent basis. Also, we report constant currency regional sales growth (decline) at the consolidated and segment levels.

30Reconciliations of organic sales growth to sales growth are as follows:


Three Months Ended March 31, 2026	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total
Organic sales growth	12%	30%	19%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	6	4	5
Business days effect(5)	—	—	—
Divestiture effect(4)	—	(5)	(2)

Sales growth	18%	29%	22%


Nine Months Ended March 31, 2026	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total
Organic sales growth	8%	15%	11%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	3	2	2
Business days effect(5)	—	—	—
Divestiture effect(4)	—	(4)	(1)

Sales growth	11%	13%	12%

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Reconciliations of organic sales growth to sales growth are as follows:

Three Months Ended December 31, 2025	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total
Organic sales growth	9%	11%	10%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	2	1	1
Business days effect(5)	—	—	—
Divestiture effect(4)	—	(4)	(1)
Sales growth	11%	8%	10%

Six Months Ended December 31, 2025	Metal Cutting	Infrastructure	Total
Organic sales growth	6%	7%	7%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	2	1	1
Business days effect(5)	—	—	—
Divestiture effect(4)	—	(4)	(1)
Sales growth	8%	4%	7%

Reconciliations of constant currency end market sales growth (decline) to end market sales growth (decline)(2) are as follows:

Metal Cutting
Three Months Ended December 31, 2025	General Engineering	Transportation	Aerospace & Defense	Energy
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026	General Engineering	Transportation	Aerospace & Defense	Energy
Constant currency end market sales growth	913%	31%	1927%	1117%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	25	26	35	49
End market sales growth(3)	1118%	57%	2232%	1526%

Infrastructure
Three Months Ended December 31, 2025	Energy	Earthworks	General Engineering	Aerospace & Defense
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026	Energy	Earthworks	General Engineering	Aerospace & Defense
Constant currency end market sales growth	—34%	1843%	518%	3317%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	—2	—6	13	510
Divestiture effect(4)	(69)	—	(710)	(13)
End market sales (decline) growth(3)	(6)%	18%	(1)%	37%
End market sales growth(3)	27%	49%	11%	24%

Total
Three Months Ended December 31, 2025	General Engineering	Transportation	Aerospace & Defense	Energy	Earthworks
Three Months Ended March 31, 2026	General Engineering	Transportation	Aerospace & Defense	Energy	Earthworks
Constant currency end market sales growth	814%	31%	23%	428%	1843%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	25	26	37	13	—6
Divestiture effect(4)	(23)	—	—(1)	(45)	—
End market sales growth(3)	816%	57%	2629%	126%	1849%

Metal Cutting
Six Months Ended December 31, 2025	General Engineering	Transportation	Aerospace & Defense	Energy
Nine Months Ended March 31, 2026	General Engineering	Transportation	Aerospace & Defense	Energy
Constant currency end market sales growth	58%	1%	1821%	1214%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	12	23	23	34
End market sales growth(3)	610%	34%	2024%	1518%


Infrastructure
Nine Months Ended March 31, 2026	Energy	Earthworks	General Engineering	Aerospace & Defense
Constant currency end market sales growth	10%	22%	8%	25%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	—	2	2	7
Divestiture effect(4)	(6)	—	(8)	(2)

End market sales growth(3)	4%	24%	2%	30%


Total
Nine Months Ended March 31, 2026	General Engineering	Transportation	Aerospace & Defense	Energy	Earthworks
Constant currency end market sales growth	8%	1%	22%	11%	22%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	3	3	4	2	2
Divestiture effect(4)	(3)	—	—	(4)	—

End market sales growth(3)	8%	4%	26%	9%	24%

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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)

Infrastructure
Six Months Ended December 31, 2025	Energy	Earthworks	General Engineering	Aerospace & Defense
Constant currency end market sales (decline) growth	(2)%	11%	3%	30%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	—	1	1	5
Divestiture effect(4)	(5)	—	(7)	(1)
End market sales (decline) growth(3)	(7)%	12%	(3)%	34%

Total
Six Months Ended December 31, 2025	General Engineering	Transportation	Aerospace & Defense	Energy	Earthworks
Constant currency end market sales growth	4%	1%	21%	3%	11%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	2	2	3	1	1
Divestiture effect(4)	(2)	—	—	(4)	—
End market sales growth(3)	4%	3%	24%	—%	12%

Reconciliations of constant currency regional sales growth (decline) to reported regional sales growth (decline) (3) are as follows:

	Three Months Ended December 31, 2025			Six Months Ended December 31, 2025
	Three Months Ended March 31, 2026			Nine Months Ended March 31, 2026
	Americas	EMEA	Asia Pacific	Americas	EMEA	Asia Pacific
Metal Cutting
Constant currency regional sales growth	1517%	3%	918%	1013%	2%	48%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	—2	612	~~(3)~~1	1	58	~~(2)~~—
Regional sales growth(6)	1519%	915%	619%	1114%	710%	28%
Infrastructure
Constant currency regional sales growth (decline)	1742%	~~(1)~~—%	835%	1222%	(21)%	414%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	—1	515	~~(1)~~3	—	58	(1)
Divestiture effect(4)	(812)	—	—	(78)	—	—
Regional sales growth(6)	931%	415%	738%	514%	37%	315%
Total
Constant currency regional sales growth	1627%	2%	925%	1117%	1%	411%
Foreign currency exchange effect(2)	1	513	(2)	—1	58	~~(1)~~—
Divestiture effect(4)	(4)	—	—	(34)	—	—
Regional sales growth(6)	1324%	715%	727%	814%	69%	311%

(2) Foreign currency exchange effect is calculated by dividing the difference between current period sales and current period sales at prior period foreign exchange rates by prior period sales.

(3) Aggregate sales for all end markets sum to the sales amount presented on Kennametal's financial statements.

(4) Divestiture effect is calculated by dividing prior period sales attributable to divested businesses by prior period sales.

(5) Business days effect is calculated by dividing the year-over-year change in weighted average working days (based on mix of sales by country) by prior period weighted average working days.

(6) Aggregate sales for all regions sum to the sales amount presented on Kennametal's financial statements.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

There have been no material changes to our market risk exposures since June 30, 2025.


ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company's management evaluated, with the participation of the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)). The Company's disclosure controls were designed to provide a reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission. It should be noted that the design of any system of controls is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote. However, the controls have been designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving the controls' stated goals. Based on that evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance at ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

There were no changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company's most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.


ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Arrangements

In the quarter ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026, none of our directors or officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) adopted, modified or terminated a plan for the purchase or sale of our securities intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement for the purchase or sale of our securities, within the meaning of Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION


ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are party to legal claims and proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, which may relate to our operations or assets, including real, tangible or intellectual property assets. Although we currently believe that the amount of ultimate liability, if any, we may face with respect to these actions will not materially affect our financial position, results of operations or liquidity, the ultimate outcome of any litigation is uncertain. Were an unfavorable outcome to occur or if protracted litigation were to ensue, the effect on us could be material. See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.


ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES, USE OF PROCEEDS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)	Average PricePaid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Approximate Dollar Value of of Shares that MayYet Be PurchasedUnder the Plans orPrograms (2)
October 1 through October 31, 2025	4,138	$	21.01	—	$	130,000,000
January 1 through January 31, 2026	2,627	$	29.97	—	$	130,000,000
November 1 through November 30, 2025	7,379	23.03		—	130,000,000
February 1 through February 28, 2026	1,244	34.39		—	130,000,000
December 1 through December 31, 2025	34,522	28.79		—	130,000,000
March 1 through March 31, 2026	725	40.28		—	130,000,000
Total	464,~~039~~596	$	2732.1779	—

(1)During the current period, ~~1,435 shares were purchased on the open market on behalf of Kennametal to fund the Company’s dividend reinvestment program. Also, during the current period~~ employees delivered 444,~~604~~596 shares of restricted stock to Kennametal, upon vesting, to satisfy tax withholding requirements.

(2)In February 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized a $200 million, three-year share repurchase program outside of the Company's dividend reinvestment program.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

None.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications

31.1

Certification executed by Sanjay Chowbey, President and Chief Executive Officer of Kennametal Inc.

Filed herewith.

31.2

Certification executed by Patrick S. Watson, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Kennametal Inc.

Filed herewith.

Section 1350 Certifications

32.1

Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, executed by Sanjay Chowbey, President and Chief Executive Officer of Kennametal Inc., and Patrick S. Watson, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Kennametal Inc.

Filed herewith.

101

XBRL

101.INS (3)

XBRL Instance Document

Filed herewith.

101.SCH (4)

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

Filed herewith.

101.CAL (4)

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

Filed herewith.

101.DEF (4)

XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase

Filed herewith.

101.LAB (4)

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

Filed herewith.

101.PRE (4)

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

Filed herewith.

(3)The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

(4)Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following documents formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and June 30, 2025, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025 and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the three and ~~six~~nine months ended ~~December~~March 31, ~~2025~~2026 and ~~2024~~2025.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

KENNAMETAL INC.

Date:

~~February~~May 46, 2026

By:

/s/ John W. Witt

John W. WittVice President Finance and Corporate Controller

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Filing Compare · KENNAMETAL INC