LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Abstract]

LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES ON LOANS

Loans

The composition of the Company’s loan portfolio, excluding residential loans held for sale, was as follows for the dates indicated:


(In thousands)	September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Commercial Loans:
Commercial real estate - non-owner-occupied	$	1,771,804	$	1,387,252
Commercial real estate - owner-occupied	401,944		324,712
Commercial	479,461		382,785

Total commercial loans	2,653,209		2,094,749
Retail Loans:
Residential real estate	2,017,675		1,752,249
Home equity	313,951		253,251
Consumer	18,092		15,010
Total retail loans	2,349,718		2,020,510
Total loans	$	5,002,927	$	4,115,259

The loan balances for each portfolio segment presented above are net of their respective unamortized fair value mark discount on acquired loans and net of unamortized loan origination costs for the dates indicated:


(In thousands)	September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Net unamortized loan origination costs	$	6,775	$	6,685
Net unamortized fair value mark discount on acquired loans	(84,289)		(79)
Total	$	(77,514)	$	6,606

The Company's lending activities are primarily conducted in Maine and New Hampshire. The Company originates single- and multi-family residential loans, commercial real estate loans, business loans, municipal loans and a variety of consumer loans. In addition, the Company makes loans for the construction of residential homes, multi-family properties and commercial real estate properties. The ability and willingness of borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is generally dependent on the level of overall economic activity within the geographic area and the general economy.

Refer to Note 3 for further details on loans acquired through the acquisition of Northway on January 2, 2025.

Related Party Loans. In the normal course of business, the Bank makes loans to certain officers, directors and their associated companies, under terms that are consistent with the Company's lending policies and regulatory requirements and that do not involve more than the normal risk of collectability or present other unfavorable features. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, outstanding loans to certain officers, directors and their associated companies were less than 5% of the Company's shareholders' equity.

Loan Sales

For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company sold $80.3 million and $62.4 million, respectively, of residential mortgage loans on the secondary market, which resulted in gains on the sale of loans (net of costs) of $1.0 million and $687,000, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company sold $170.3 million and $157.3 million, respectively, of residential mortgage loans on the secondary market, which resulted in gains on the sale of the loans (net of costs) of $2.0 million and $1.5 million, respectively.

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had certain residential mortgage loans with a principal balance of $9.6 million and $10.9 million, respectively, designated as held for sale. The Company has elected the fair value option of accounting for its loans held for sale, and as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, it had recorded unrealized gains of $128,000 and $126,000, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded the change in unrealized losses on loans held for sale within mortgage banking income, net, on the Company's consolidated statements of income of $78,000 and $60,000, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recorded the change in unrealized gains (losses) on residential mortgage loans held for sale recorded within mortgage banking income, net, on the Company’s consolidated statements of income of $2,000 and $(69,000), respectively.

The Company has forward delivery commitments with a secondary market investor on each of its loans held for sale as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 10 for further discussion of the Company's forward delivery commitments.

ACL on Loans

The Company manages its loan portfolio proactively to effectively identify problem credits and assess trends early, implement effective work-out strategies, and take charge-offs as promptly as practical. In addition, the Company continuously reassesses its underwriting standards in response to credit risk posed by changes in economic conditions. The Company monitors and manages credit risk through the following governance structure:

•The Credit Risk Policy Committee, which is an internal management committee comprised of various executives and senior managers across business lines, including Accounting and Finance, Credit Underwriting, Collections and Special Assets, Risk, and Commercial and Retail Banking, along with the Credit Risk and Special Assets teams, oversees the Company's systems and procedures to monitor the credit quality of its loan portfolio, conduct a loan review program, and maintain the integrity of the loan rating system.

•The adequacy of the ACL is overseen by the Management Provision Committee, which is an internal management committee. As of January 1, 2025, the Management Provision Committee is comprised of the Company’s chief executive officer, chief financial officer, chief credit officer and certain members of senior management within Accounting, Credit Risk, and Collections and Special Assets. The Management Provision Committee supports the oversight efforts of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.

•The Directors' Credit Committee of the Board of Directors reviews large credit exposures, monitors external loan review reports, reviews the lending authority for individual loan officers when required, and has approval authority and responsibility for all matters regarding the loan policy and other credit-related policies, including reviewing and monitoring asset quality trends, and concentration levels.

•The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors has approval authority and oversight responsibility for the ACL adequacy and methodology.

Segmentation. For purposes of determining the ACL on loans, the Company disaggregates its loans into portfolio segments. Each portfolio segment possesses unique risk characteristics that are considered when determining the appropriate level of allowance. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company's loan portfolio segments, as determined based on the unique risk characteristics of each, include the following:

Commercial Real Estate - Non-Owner-Occupied. Non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans are, in substance, all commercial real estate loans that are not categorized by the Company as owner-occupied commercial real estate loans. Non owner-occupied commercial estate loans are investment properties in which the primary source for repayment of the loan by the borrower is derived from rental income associated with the property or the proceeds of the sale, refinancing, or permanent refinancing of the property. Non-owner-occupied commercial real estate loans consist of mortgage loans to finance investments in real property that may include, but are not limited to, multi-family residential, commercial/retail office space, industrial/warehouse space, hotels, assisted living facilities and other specific use properties. Also included within the non-owner-occupied commercial real estate loan segment are construction projects until they are completed. Commercial real estate loans are typically written with amortizing payment structures. Collateral values are determined based upon appraisals and evaluations in accordance with established policy guidelines. Maximum loan-to-value ratios at origination are governed by established policy and regulatory guidelines.

Commercial Real Estate - Owner-Occupied. Generally, owner-occupied commercial real estate loans are properties that are owned and operated by the borrower, and the primary source for repayment is the cash flow from the ongoing operations and activities conducted by the borrower's business. Owner-occupied commercial real estate loans consist of mortgage loans to finance investments in real property that may include, but are not limited to, commercial/retail office space, restaurants, educational and medical practice facilities and other specific use properties. Commercial real estate loans are typically written with amortizing payment structures. Collateral values are determined based upon appraisals and evaluations in accordance with established policy guidelines. Maximum loan-to-value ratios at origination are governed by established policy and regulatory guidelines.

Commercial. Commercial loans consist of revolving and term loan obligations extended to business and corporate enterprises for the purpose of financing working capital and/or capital investment. Collateral generally consists of pledges of business assets including, but not limited to, accounts receivable, inventory, plant and equipment, and/or real estate, if applicable. Commercial loans are primarily paid by the operating cash flow of the borrower. Commercial loans may be secured or unsecured.

Residential Real Estate. Residential real estate loans held in the Company's loan portfolio are made to borrowers who demonstrate the ability to make scheduled payments with full consideration to underwriting factors. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income requirements and combined loan-to-value ratios within established policy guidelines. Collateral consists of mortgage liens on one- to four-family residences, including for investment purposes.

Home Equity. Home equity loans and lines of credit are made to qualified individuals and are secured by senior or junior mortgage liens on owner-occupied one- to four-family homes, condominiums, or vacation homes. The home equity loan has a fixed rate and is billed as equal payments comprised of principal and interest. The home equity line of credit has a variable rate and is billed as interest-only payments during the draw period. At the end of the draw period, the home equity line of credit is billed as a percentage of the principal balance plus all accrued interest. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income requirements and combined loan-to-value ratios within established policy guidelines.

Consumer. Consumer loan products including personal lines of credit and amortizing loans made to qualified individuals for various purposes such as education, auto loans, debt consolidation, personal expenses or overdraft protection. Borrower qualifications include favorable credit history combined with supportive income and collateral requirements within established policy guidelines, as applicable. Consumer loans may be secured or unsecured.

The following table presents the activity in the ACL on loans for the periods indicated:


	Commercial Real Estate
(In thousands)	Non-Owner-Occupied		Owner- Occupied		Commercial		Residential Real Estate		Home Equity		Consumer		Total
As of or for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
Beginning balance, June 30, 2025	$	19,398	$	4,314	$	12,075	$	13,509	$	3,565	$	161	$	53,022
Charge-offs	(27)		—		(11,075)		—		(18)		(50)		(11,170)
Recoveries	—		8		87		8		1		5		109
(Credit) provision for loan losses	(643)		(76)		4,685		(673)		214		33		3,540
Ending balance, September 30, 2025	$	18,728	$	4,246	$	5,772	$	12,844	$	3,762	$	149	$	45,501
As of or for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
Beginning balance, December 31, 2024	$	14,897	$	2,481	$	5,856	$	9,979	$	2,397	$	118	$	35,728
Charge-offs	(27)		(191)		(12,320)		(4)		(22)		(151)		(12,715)
Recoveries	2		59		317		19		1		10		408
Acquired PCD loans (Note 3)	1,659		340		575		305		165		27		3,071
Provision for loans losses:
Provision for acquired non-PCD loans (Note 3)	2,335		840		816		1,979		268		55		6,293
General provision for loan losses	(138)		717		10,528		566		953		90		12,716
Total provision for loan losses	2,197		1,557		11,344		2,545		1,221		145		19,009
Ending balance, September 30, 2025	$	18,728	$	4,246	$	5,772	$	12,844	$	3,762	$	149	$	45,501
As of or for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
Beginning balance, June 30, 2024	$	15,268	$	2,166	$	5,407	$	9,571	$	2,311	$	689	$	35,412
Charge-offs	—		—		(394)		—		(1)		(27)		(422)
Recoveries	1		—		108		6		5		21		141
Provision (credit) for loan losses	552		161		(320)		(136)		(27)		53		283
Ending balance, September 30, 2024	$	15,821	$	2,327	$	4,801	$	9,441	$	2,288	$	736	$	35,414
As of or for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Beginning balance, December 31, 2023	$	16,581	$	2,290	$	4,869	$	10,254	$	2,217	$	724	$	36,935
Charge-offs	—		—		(1,157)		—		(1)		(82)		(1,240)
Recoveries	9		—		270		19		86		28		412
(Credit) provision for loan losses	(769)		37		819		(832)		(14)		66		(693)
Ending balance, September 30, 2024	$	15,821	$	2,327	$	4,801	$	9,441	$	2,288	$	736	$	35,414
As of or for the Year Ended December 31, 2024
Beginning balance, December 31, 2023	$	16,581	$	2,290	$	4,869	$	10,254	$	2,217	$	724	$	36,935
Charge-offs	—		—		(1,784)		—		(1)		(98)		(1,883)
Recoveries	10		—		455		26		98		34		623
(Credit) provision for loan losses	(1,694)		191		2,316		(301)		83		(542)		53
Ending balance, December 31, 2024	$	14,897	$	2,481	$	5,856	$	9,979	$	2,397	$	118	$	35,728

For the three months ended September 30, 2025, the ACL on loans decreased $7.5 million to $45.5 million at September 30, 2025, and was driven by a $10.7 million partial charge-off of a syndicated commercial loan. At September 30, 2025, the Company’s remaining carrying value of this syndicated commercial loan was $1.5 million, which it anticipates to collect. The Company had individually evaluated the loan and carried a specific reserve of $6.0 million on this syndicated commercial loan at June 30, 2025. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recognized a provision for loan losses of $4.7 million associated with the partial charge-off of the syndicated commercial loan.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the ACL on loans increased $9.8 million. As part of the acquisition of Northway on January 2, 2025, the Company recognized $9.4 million of ACL on loans. Refer to Note 3 for further details. Additionally, over this period, the Company recorded provision for loan losses, excluding provision recognized for acquired non-PCD loans, totaling $12.7 million, which was primarily driven by the partial charge-off of $10.7 million for the syndicated commercial loan described above.

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, total accrued interest receivable on loans, which has been excluded

from reported amortized cost basis on loans, was $16.4 million and $12.7 million, respectively, and reported within other assets on the consolidated statements of condition. An allowance was not carried on the accrued interest receivable at either date.

Credit Concentrations

The Company focuses on maintaining a well-balanced and diversified loan portfolio and imposes internal credit concentration limits that includes consideration of regulatory requirements, which are reviewed quarterly by the Credit Risk Policy Committee. Despite such efforts, it is recognized that credit concentrations may occasionally emerge as a result of economic conditions, changes in local demand, natural loan growth and runoff. To identify credit concentrations effectively, all commercial and commercial real estate loans are assigned Standard Industrial Classification codes, North American Industry Classification System codes, and state and county codes. Shifts in portfolio concentrations are monitored. As of September 30, 2025, the Company's total exposure to the lessors of nonresidential buildings' industry (operators of commercial and industrial buildings, retail establishments, theaters, banks and insurance buildings) and the lessors of residential buildings' industry (lessors of buildings used as residences, such as single-family homes, apartments and town houses) were 13% and 12% of total loans, and 30% and 29% of commercial real estate loans, respectively. There were no other industry exposures exceeding 10% of the Company's total loan portfolio as of September 30, 2025.

Credit Quality Indicators

To further identify loans with similar risk profiles, the Company categorizes each portfolio segment into classes by credit risk characteristic and applies a credit quality indicator to each portfolio segment. The indicators for commercial real estate - non-owner-occupied and owner-occupied, commercial and residential real estate portfolio segments are represented by Grades 1 through 10 as outlined below. In general, risk ratings are adjusted periodically throughout the year as updated analysis and review warrants. This process may include, but is not limited to, annual credit and loan reviews, periodic reviews of loan performance metrics, such as delinquency rates, and quarterly reviews of adversely risk rated loans. The Company uses the following definitions when assessing grades for the purpose of evaluating the risk and adequacy of the ACL on loans:

•Grade 1 through 6 — Grades 1 through 6 represent groups of loans that are not subject to adverse criticism as defined in regulatory guidance. Loans in these groups exhibit characteristics that represent low to moderate risks, which is measured using a variety of credit risk criteria, such as cash flow coverage, debt service coverage, balance sheet leverage, liquidity, management experience, industry position, prevailing economic conditions, support from secondary sources of repayment and other credit factors that may be relevant to a specific loan. In general, these loans are supported by properly margined collateral and guarantees of principal parties.

•Grade 7 — Loans with potential weakness (Special Mention). Loans in this category are currently protected based on collateral and repayment capacity and do not constitute undesirable credit risk, but have potential weakness that may result in deterioration of the repayment process at some future date. This classification is used if a negative trend is evident in the obligor’s financial situation. Special mention loans do not sufficiently expose the Company to warrant adverse classification.

•Grade 8 — Loans with definite weakness (Substandard). Loans classified as substandard are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by collateral pledged. Borrowers experience difficulty in meeting debt repayment requirements. Deterioration is sufficient to cause the Company to look to the sale of collateral.

•Grade 9 — Loans with potential loss (Doubtful). Loans classified as doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in the substandard grade with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation of the loan in full highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of some loss is extremely high, but because of specific pending factors that may work to the advantage and strengthening of the asset, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined.

•Grade 10 — Loans with definite loss (Loss). Loans classified as loss are considered uncollectible. The loss classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather that it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the asset because recovery and collection time may be protracted.

The Company periodically reassesses asset quality indicators to reflect appropriately the risk composition of the Company’s loan portfolio. Home equity and consumer loans are not individually risk rated, but rather analyzed as groups taking into account delinquency rates and other economic conditions which may affect the ability of borrowers to meet debt service requirements, including interest rates and energy costs. Performing loans include loans that are current and loans that are past due less than 90 days. Loans that are past due over 90 days and non-accrual loans, are considered non-performing.

Based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans by portfolio segment by vintage was as follows as of and for the dates indicated:


(In thousands)	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
As of and for the period ended September 30, 2025
Commercial real estate - non-owner-occupied
Risk rating
Pass (Grades 1-6)	$	120,165	$	139,305	$	109,802	$	367,104	$	306,419	$	631,078	$	—	$	—	$	1,673,873
Special mention (Grade 7)	—		—		2,939		21,932		8,406		3,386		—		—		36,663
Substandard (Grade 8)	—		—		192		28,425		4,725		27,926		—		—		61,268
Doubtful (Grade 9)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate - non-owner-occupied	$	120,165	$	139,305	$	112,933	$	417,461	$	319,550	$	662,390	$	—	$	—	$	1,771,804
Gross charge-offs for the nine months ended	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	27	$	—	$	—	$	27
Commercial real estate - owner-occupied
Risk rating
Pass (Grades 1-6)	$	42,813	$	54,006	$	34,594	$	46,578	$	83,698	$	118,389	$	—	$	—	$	380,078
Special mention (Grade 7)	—		—		1,924		808		8		368		—		—		3,108
Substandard (Grade 8)	—		198		—		6,684		1,746		10,130		—		—		18,758
Doubtful (Grade 9)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate - owner occupied	$	42,813	$	54,204	$	36,518	$	54,070	$	85,452	$	128,887	$	—	$	—	$	401,944
Gross charge-offs for the nine months ended	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	185	$	—	$	6	$	—	$	—	$	191
Commercial
Risk rating
Pass (Grades 1-6)	$	73,674	$	85,544	$	25,565	$	47,195	$	20,966	$	62,068	$	124,823	$	29,907	$	469,742
Special mention (Grade 7)	—		502		—		—		—		—		476		—		978
Substandard (Grade 8)	153		117		517		969		283		596		1,563		4,543		8,741
Doubtful (Grade 9)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial	$	73,827	$	86,163	$	26,082	$	48,164	$	21,249	$	62,664	$	126,862	$	34,450	$	479,461
Gross charge-offs for the nine months ended	$	69	$	2,536	$	498	$	76	$	5	$	795	$	6,703	$	1,638	$	12,320
Residential Real Estate
Risk rating
Pass (Grades 1-6)	$	128,839	$	134,735	$	142,446	$	557,378	$	555,288	$	492,513	$	437	$	1,682	$	2,013,318
Special mention (Grade 7)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard (Grade 8)	—		—		—		1,181		1,168		2,008		—		—		4,357
Doubtful (Grade 9)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total residential real estate	$	128,839	$	134,735	$	142,446	$	558,559	$	556,456	$	494,521	$	437	$	1,682	$	2,017,675
Gross charge-offs for the nine months ended	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	4	$	—	$	—	$	4
Home equity
Risk rating
Performing	$	2,138	$	4,351	$	14,847	$	19,605	$	525	$	12,183	$	242,142	$	17,465	$	313,256
Non-performing	—		—		—		—		—		34		436		225		695
Total home equity	$	2,138	$	4,351	$	14,847	$	19,605	$	525	$	12,217	$	242,578	$	17,690	$	313,951
Gross charge-offs for the nine months ended	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	19	$	3	$	22
Consumer
Risk rating
Performing	$	3,574	$	3,146	$	3,673	$	2,160	$	560	$	2,169	$	2,805	$	—	$	18,087
Non-performing	—		—		3		—		—		2		—		—		5
Total consumer	$	3,574	$	3,146	$	3,676	$	2,160	$	560	$	2,171	$	2,805	$	—	$	18,092
Gross charge-offs for the nine months ended	$	—	$	28	$	41	$	6	$	1	$	55	$	20	$	—	$	151


(In thousands)	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loans Converted to Term		Total
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2024
Commercial real estate - non-owner-occupied
Risk rating:
Pass (Grades 1-6)	$	91,377	$	107,607	$	324,743	$	285,862	$	140,686	$	390,527	$	—	$	—	$	1,340,802
Special mention (Grade 7)	—		—		—		—		342		225		—		—		567
Substandard (Grade 8)	—		195		25,252		—		—		20,436		—		—		45,883
Doubtful (Grade 9)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate - non-owner-occupied	$	91,377	$	107,802	$	349,995	$	285,862	$	141,028	$	411,188	$	—	$	—	$	1,387,252
Gross charge-offs for the year ended	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate - owner-occupied
Risk rating:
Pass (Grades 1-6)	$	53,436	$	31,141	$	48,633	$	71,629	$	19,582	$	89,092	$	—	$	—	$	313,513
Special mention (Grade 7)	—		—		—		1,900		—		304		—		—		2,204
Substandard (Grade 8)	—		540		822		191		—		7,442		—		—		8,995
Doubtful (Grade 9)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial real estate - owner-occupied	$	53,436	$	31,681	$	49,455	$	73,720	$	19,582	$	96,838	$	—	$	—	$	324,712
Gross charge-offs for the year ended	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial
Risk rating:
Pass (Grades 1-6)	$	81,815	$	26,918	$	44,283	$	30,134	$	16,644	$	23,014	$	115,795	$	37,211	$	375,814
Special mention (Grade 7)	534		—		—		—		—		—		282		—		816
Substandard (Grade 8)	—		1,030		706		159		125		1,175		984		1,976		6,155
Doubtful (Grade 9)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial	$	82,349	$	27,948	$	44,989	$	30,293	$	16,769	$	24,189	$	117,061	$	39,187	$	382,785
Gross charge-offs for the year ended	$	—	$	146	$	47	$	54	$	89	$	1,017	$	357	$	74	$	1,784
Residential Real Estate
Risk rating:
Pass (Grades 1-6)	$	133,856	$	151,020	$	500,756	$	502,285	$	204,756	$	255,104	$	406	$	1,175	$	1,749,358
Special mention (Grade 7)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard (Grade 8)	—		—		—		778		—		2,113		—		—		2,891
Doubtful (Grade 9)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total residential real estate	$	133,856	$	151,020	$	500,756	$	503,063	$	204,756	$	257,217	$	406	$	1,175	$	1,752,249
Gross charge-offs for the year ended	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Home equity
Risk rating:
Performing	$	3,708	$	13,961	$	20,003	$	439	$	302	$	13,378	$	185,581	$	15,448	$	252,820
Non-performing	—		—		—		—		—		8		264		159		431
Total home equity	$	3,708	$	13,961	$	20,003	$	439	$	302	$	13,386	$	185,845	$	15,607	$	253,251
Gross charge-offs for the year ended	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	1
Consumer
Risk rating:
Performing	$	4,307	$	3,188	$	2,784	$	1,080	$	380	$	2,102	$	1,151	$	—	$	14,992
Non-performing	—		—		15		—		—		3		—		—		18
Total consumer	$	4,307	$	3,188	$	2,799	$	1,080	$	380	$	2,105	$	1,151	$	—	$	15,010
Gross charge-offs for the year ended	$	—	$	47	$	18	$	14	$	5	$	—	$	14	$	—	$	98

Past Due and Non-Accrual Loans

The Company closely monitors the performance of its loan portfolio. A loan is placed on non-accrual status when the financial condition of the borrower is deteriorating, payment in full of both principal and interest is not expected as scheduled, or principal or interest has been in default for 90 days or more. Exceptions may be made if the asset is secured by collateral sufficient to satisfy both the principal and accrued interest in full and collection is reasonably assured. When one loan to a borrower is placed on non-accrual status, all other loans to the borrower are re-evaluated to determine if they should also be placed on non-accrual status. All previously accrued and unpaid interest is reversed at this time. A loan will return to accrual status when collection of principal and interest is assured and the borrower has demonstrated timely payments of principal and interest for a reasonable period, generally at least six months. Unsecured loans, however, are not normally placed on non-accrual status because they are generally charged-off once their collectability is in doubt.

The following is a loan aging analysis by portfolio segment (including loans past due over 90 days and non-accrual loans) and loans past due over 90 days and accruing as of the following dates:


(In thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		90 Days or Greater Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans Outstanding		Loans > 90 Days Past Due and Accruing
September 30, 2025
Commercial real estate - non-owner-occupied	$	4,289	$	163	$	4	$	4,456	$	1,767,348	$	1,771,804	$	—
Commercial real estate - owner-occupied	561		—		—		561		401,383		401,944
Commercial	1,643		655		2,729		5,027		474,434		479,461		—
Residential real estate	654		534		1,634		2,822		2,014,853		2,017,675		—
Home equity	285		370		431		1,086		312,865		313,951		—
Consumer	21		15		—		36		18,056		18,092		—
Total	$	7,453	$	1,737	$	4,798	$	13,988	$	4,988,939	$	5,002,927	$	—
December 31, 2024
Commercial real estate - non-owner-occupied	$	59	$	—	$	130	$	189	$	1,387,063	$	1,387,252	$	—
Commercial real estate - owner-occupied	85		545		430		1,060		323,652		324,712		—
Commercial	373		265		1,548		2,186		380,599		382,785		—
Residential real estate	333		333		974		1,640		1,750,609		1,752,249		—
Home equity	428		141		125		694		252,557		253,251		—
Consumer	55		13		18		86		14,924		15,010		—
Total	$	1,333	$	1,297	$	3,225	$	5,855	$	4,109,404	$	4,115,259	$	—

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans on non-accrual status by portfolio segment as of the dates indicated:


	September 30 2025						December 31 2024
(In thousands)	Non-Accrual Loans With an Allowance		Non-Accrual Loans Without an Allowance(1)		Total Non-Accrual Loans		Non-Accrual Loans With an Allowance		Non-Accrual Loans Without an Allowance		Total Non-Accrual Loans
Commercial real estate - non-owner-occupied	$	127	$	—	$	127	$	129	$	—	$	129
Commercial real estate - owner-occupied	7		—		7		430		—		430
Commercial	2,626		1,477		4,103		1,927		—		1,927
Residential real estate	3,393		—		3,393		1,891		—		1,891
Home equity	697		—		697		434		—		434
Consumer	3		—		3		18		—		18
Total	$	6,853	$	1,477	$	8,330	$	4,829	$	—	$	4,829

(1) The non-accrual loan without an allowance recorded represents the remaining portion of the syndicated loan that was partially charged-off during the quarter. The outstanding amount reflects the anticipated proceeds to be collected in the fourth quarter, therefore, no allowance was recorded.

Interest income that would have been recognized if loans on non-accrual status had been current in accordance with their original terms is estimated to have been $87,000 and $44,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, is estimated to have been $343,000 and $148,000, respectively.

The Company's policy is to reverse previously recorded accrued interest income when a loan is placed on non-accrual, as such, the Company did not record any interest income on its non-accrual loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

Collateral-dependent loans are loans for which repayment is expected to be provided substantially by the underlying collateral and there are no other available and reliable sources of repayment. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by portfolio segment and collateral type, as of the dates indicated:


	September 30 2025							December 31 2024
	Collateral Type				Total Collateral -Dependent Loans			Collateral Type			Total Collateral -Dependent Loans
(In thousands)	Real Estate		Other Assets						Real Estate				Other Assets
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	4,448	$	—		$	4,448
Commercial	—		1,477			1,477			—		669			669



Total	$	—	$	1,477		$	1,477		$	4,448	$	669		$	5,117

Loan Modifications for Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty

The Company offers several types of loan and receivables modification programs to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty, primarily interest rate reductions and term extensions. In such instances, the Company may modify loans and receivables with the intention to minimize future losses and improve collectability, while providing customers with temporary or permanent financial relief. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company had no material modified loans to borrowers that were experiencing financial difficulty.

The Company closely monitors the performance of loans that were previously modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to understand the effectiveness of its modification efforts and relevant factors are considered while assessing the adequacy of the ACL. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, there were no defaults of previously modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. As of September 30, 2025, there was one previously modified loan with an amortized cost basis of $62,000 that was past due, and there were none as of September 30, 2024.

In-Process Foreclosure Proceedings

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had $1.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively, of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which foreclosure proceedings were in process.

FHLBB Advances

FHLBB advances are those borrowings from the FHLBB greater than 90 days. FHLBB advances are collateralized by a blanket lien on qualified collateral consisting primarily of loans with first mortgages secured by one-to-four family properties, certain commercial real estate loans, certain pledged investment securities and other qualified assets. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the combined carrying value of residential real estate and commercial loans pledged as collateral was $2.3 and $1.9 billion, respectively.

Refer to Notes 4 and 8 of the consolidated financial statements for discussion of securities pledged as collateral.

CAMDEN NATIONAL CORP 10-Q