Summary of Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The unaudited interim financial statements reflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented. All such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. The December 31, 2024 balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements; however, the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the annual disclosures required under GAAP and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 25, 2025. The operating results presented in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future periods.

Operating Segments

The Company determined that it operates and manages its business (including its non-U.S. subsidiaries) in one reportable segment: the research and development, manufacture and sale of light adjustable lenses and related capital equipment. The Company determined its operating segment on the same basis that it uses to evaluate its performance internally. Asset information provided to the CODM is consistent with those reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and are primarily attributable to the United States. The key measure of segment profit and loss that the CODM uses to allocate resources and assess performance is the Company’s consolidated net loss. The table below shows a reconciliation of the Company’s net loss, including the significant expense categories regularly provided to and reviewed by the CODM, as computed under U.S. GAAP to the Company’s total consolidated net loss in the Consolidated Statements of Operations:


	For the Three Months Ended June 30,						For the Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025			2024			2025			2024

Sales	$	33,637		$	34,887		$	71,531		$	64,399
Cost of sales		8,447			10,637			18,013			19,464
Gross profit		25,190			24,250			53,518			44,935
Operating expenses:
Commercial		21,612			17,332			42,786			33,806
General and administrative		7,364			6,960			14,825			13,810
Research and development		8,865			6,357			17,921			12,507
Clinical & regulatory		1,352			1,934			2,663			3,815
Total operating expenses		39,193			32,583			78,195			63,938
Loss from operations		(14,003	)		(8,333	)		(24,677	)		(19,003	)
Other income (expense), net:
Interest expense		(5	)		(6	)		(11	)		(11	)
Interest and other income		2,254			2,276			4,762			3,860
Loss before income taxes		(11,754	)		(6,063	)		(19,926	)		(15,154	)
Income tax expense		32			16			50			25
Net loss	$	(11,786	)	$	(6,079	)	$	(19,976	)	$	(15,179	)

Liquidity

As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 the Company had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $227.5 million and $237.2 million, respectively.

The Company began generating revenue from its principal operations in 2019. The Company has a limited operating history, and the revenue and income potential of the Company’s business and market are developing. The Company has experienced recurring net losses and negative cash flows from operating activities since its inception. For the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred losses from operations of $14.0 million and $8.3 million, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company incurred losses from operations of $24.7 million and $19.0 million, respectively. Based on the Company’s anticipated sales growth in relation to the anticipated costs associated with, among other things, its continuing research and development activities and the expansion of its sales and marketing activities, the Company expects to continue to incur net operating losses into the foreseeable future. Successful transition to attaining profitable operations is dependent upon gaining market acceptance of the Company’s products and achieving a level of revenues adequate to support the Company’s cost structure.

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company believes that existing cash resources will be sufficient to meet projected operating requirements for at least 12 months from the date of issuance of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, however for the near future, the Company expects to continue to incur operating losses and negative cash flows. The Company plans to continue to fund its losses from operations using its cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as of June 30, 2025 and meet its future capital funding needs through equity or debt financings, other third-party funding, collaborations, strategic alliances and licensing arrangements or a combination of these. If the Company raises additional funds by issuing equity securities, its stockholders may experience dilution. Any future debt financing into which the Company enters may impose additional covenants that restrict operations, including limitations on its ability to incur liens or additional debt, pay dividends, repurchase common stock, make certain investments or engage in certain merger, consolidation or asset sale transactions. Any

debt financing or additional equity raise may contain terms that are not favorable to the Company or its stockholders. If the Company is required to enter into collaborations and other arrangements to address its liquidity needs, it may have to give up certain rights that limit its ability to develop and commercialize product candidates or may have other terms that are not favorable to the Company or its stockholders, which could materially and adversely affect its business and financial prospects. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms, or at all. If the Company is not able to secure adequate additional funding, the Company may be forced to make reductions in spending, extend payment terms with suppliers, liquidate assets where possible and/or suspend or curtail planned programs. Any of these actions could materially harm the Company’s business, results of operations and future prospects.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make informed estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures in the accompanying notes as of the date of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements. On an on-going basis, management evaluates the most critical estimates and assumptions for continued reasonableness. Actual results may differ materially from the estimates used in the preparation of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements under different assumptions or conditions.

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no significant changes to the accounting policies during the three months ended June 30, 2025, as compared to the significant accounting policies described in Note 2 of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 25, 2025.

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents consist of investments in money market accounts. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase that can be liquidated without prior notice or penalty to be cash equivalents.

Short-term Investments

Short-term investments are classified based on the maturity date of the related securities. Based on the nature of the assets, the Company’s short-term investments, which are government securities, are classified as available-for-sale and are recorded at their estimated fair value as determined by prices for identical or similar securities at the balance sheet date. The Company’s short-term investments consist of Level 2 financial instruments in the fair value hierarchy. Unrealized gains and losses are recorded as a component of Other Comprehensive Loss within Stockholders’ Equity on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Realized gains and losses are included as other income (expense) in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. The cost basis for realized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities is determined on a specific identification basis. Management determines the appropriate classification of its investments at the time of purchase and reevaluates such determination at each balance sheet date. The Company periodically reviews its investments for unrealized losses other than credit losses and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. In determining whether the carrying value is recoverable, management considers the following factors:

•

whether the investment has been in a continuous loss position for over 12 months;

•

the duration to maturity of investments;

•

intention and ability to hold the investment to maturity and if it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the investment before recovery of the amortized cost basis;

•

the credit rating, financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; and

•

the type of investments made.

The Company had $112,000 of net unrealized losses and $190,000 of net unrealized gains related to short-term investments as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties

Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and accounts receivable. The Company’s policy is to invest cash in institutional money market funds and marketable securities of the U.S. government to limit the amount of credit exposure. The Company currently maintains a portfolio of cash equivalents and short-term investments in money market funds and U.S. treasury bills. A portion of the Company's operating cash is held in accounts in excess of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance limits; however, the Company has established guidelines regarding diversification of its investments and their maturities, which are designed to maintain principal and maximize liquidity. The Company has not experienced material losses on cash equivalents and short-term investments.

The Company’s products require approval from the FDA and foreign regulatory agencies before commercial sales can commence. There can be no assurance that the Company’s products will receive any of these required approvals. The denial or delay of such approvals may have a material adverse impact on the Company’s business and may impact business in the future. In addition, after approval by the FDA, there is still an ongoing risk of adverse events that did not appear during the device approval process.

The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the medical device industry, including, but not limited to, new technological innovations, clinical development risk, establishment of appropriate commercial partnerships, protection of proprietary technology, compliance with government and environmental regulations, uncertainty of market acceptance of the Company's products, product liability and the need to obtain additional financing.

The Company is subject to risks from changes in United States trade policy, including recently announced tariffs. The imposition of retaliatory or new tariffs or increases in existing tariffs on goods imported from countries where we source our products could result in increased material costs for our products. The Company is subject to the risks related to global lead times, particularly in Europe and Asia, leading to a supply interruption from the Company's suppliers. In addition, the Company is currently experiencing inflation and longer lead times and limited availability in its supply chain for certain components and has continued exposure to price and supply risk related to anticipated purchases of certain commodities, materials and products used in its business.

Accounts Receivable, net

The Company has a diverse customer base and as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 the Company did not have any customers who individually accounted for greater than 10% of accounts receivable. The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses resulting from the inability of its customers, including ambulatory surgery centers, to make required payments. After evaluation of the collectability of accounts receivable, the Company did not record any significant allowance for credit losses as of June 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Fair value is measured as the price that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques that are consistent with the market, income or cost approach are used to measure fair value. The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels:

Level 1—Observable inputs such as unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2—Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level 1) that are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability, through correlation with market data. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar

assets or liabilities in markets that are not active and inputs to valuation models or other pricing methodologies that do not require significant judgment because the inputs used in the model, such as interest rates and volatility, can be corroborated by readily observable market data.

Level 3—One or more significant inputs that are unobservable and supported by little or no market activity and reflect the use of significant management judgment and assumptions. Level 3 assets and liabilities include those whose fair value measurements are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar valuation techniques and significant management judgment or estimation. These include the Black-Scholes option-pricing model which uses inputs such as expected volatility, risk-free interest rate and expected term to determine fair market valuation.

Assets and liabilities are classified based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements. The Company reviews the fair value hierarchy classification at each reporting date. Changes in the ability to observe valuation inputs may result in a reclassification of levels for certain assets or liabilities within the fair value hierarchy. The Company did not have any transfers of assets and liabilities between the levels of the fair value measurement hierarchy during the years presented.

The Company’s financial instruments consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and operating lease liabilities. Cash, cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable are carried at their estimated fair value because of the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. The Company’s short-term investments in government securities are carried at fair value, determined based on publicly available quoted market prices for identical securities at the measurement date. The Company believes the fair values of its operating lease liabilities at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, approximated their carrying values, based on the borrowing rates that were available for loans with similar terms as of such date.

Inventories

Inventories consist of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods. Raw materials are comprised of chemicals and parts used in the production of the Company's lenses, cartridges, and LDDs. Finished goods are comprised of lenses, cartridges, accessories and LDDs. Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is computed using standard cost, which approximates actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis. The carrying value of inventories is reviewed for potential impairment whenever indicators suggest that the cost of inventories exceeds the carrying value and management adjusts the inventories to its net realizable value. The cost of finished goods and work-in-process is comprised of raw materials, direct labor, other direct costs and related production overhead to the extent that these costs do not exceed the net realizable value of the goods produced. The Company periodically reviews inventories for potential impairment, estimated losses from obsolescence, material expirations or unmarketable inventories or excess inventories and writes down the cost of inventories to net realizable value at the time such determinations are made. Net realizable value is determined using the estimated selling price, in the ordinary course of business, less estimated costs to complete and dispose.

Leases

Lease right-of-use assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities are recognized when the Company takes possession of the leased property based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company estimates the incremental borrowing rate based upon the cost of its own debt financing, current market interest rates and quoted offerings or the rate implicit in the lease. Operating lease right-of-use assets also include any lease payments made at or before lease commencement and exclude any lease incentives received. The lease terms used to calculate the right-of-use asset and related lease liability include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Rent expense on noncancelable leases containing known future scheduled rent increases is recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective leases beginning on the lease commencement date. The difference between rent expense and rent paid is accounted for as a component of operating lease right-of-use assets on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Landlord improvement allowances and other such lease incentives are recorded as property and equipment and as reduction of the right-of-use leased assets and are amortized on a straight-line basis as a reduction to operating lease costs. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are expensed as incurred and are not recorded as right-of-use assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Net Loss per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for the period, without consideration for potentially dilutive securities. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average shares of common stock and potentially dilutive securities outstanding for the period determined using the treasury-stock and if-converted methods. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and potential dilutive securities outstanding during the period.

The following outstanding potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders because their impact under the treasury stock method was anti-dilutive for the periods presented:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
Stock options issued and outstanding under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan		1,005,795		5,618,186		4,273,819		5,843,009
Restricted stock units issued under the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan		359,735		666,573		348,793		544,320
Stock issuable in offering period under the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan		148,877		59,149		158,785		61,085

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue is generated from the sale of LALs used in cataract surgery along with a specifically designed machine for delivering light to the eye, the LDD, to adjust the lens post-surgery, as needed. Revenue is recognized from sales of products in the U.S., Canada and Europe. Customers are primarily comprised of ambulatory surgery centers, hospitals, and physician private practices.

The Company recognizes revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers at a transaction price that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. Specifically, the Company applies the following five steps to recognize revenue: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that it will collect the consideration to which it is entitled in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, the Company assesses the goods promised within each customer contract to determine the individual deliverables in its product offerings as separate performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The transaction price is determined based on the consideration expected to be received, based either on the stated value in contractual arrangements or the estimated cash to be collected in non-contracted arrangements. The Company recognizes revenue as the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied, considering whether or not this occurs at a point in time or over time. The Company elected to account for shipping costs as fulfillment costs rather than a promised service and excludes from revenue any taxes collected from customers that are remitted to government authorities.

The Company’s LDD contracts contain multiple performance obligations bundled for one transaction price, with all obligations generally satisfied within one year. For these bundled arrangements, the Company accounts for individual products and services as separate performance obligations if they are distinct, that is, if a product or service is separately identifiable from other items in the bundled package, and if a customer can benefit from it on its own or with other resources that are readily available to the customer. The Company’s LDD contracts include a combination of the following performance obligations: (i) LDD capital asset and related components, (ii) training and (iii) device service (initial year). Each of these three performance obligations are considered distinct. The LDD capital asset is distinct because the customer can benefit from it together with other resources that are readily available to the customer. Training on the use of the machine is offered as a distinct activity after installation of the LDD to enhance the customer’s ability to utilize the machine by having an industry professional provide best

practices and customize training to the specific needs of the customer. Each LDD comes with a twelve-month manufacturer’s warranty (service-type) that includes preventative maintenance, unscheduled service (labor and parts) and software updates. After the first year, service contracts can be purchased separately on a standalone basis. The Company recognizes revenue as performance obligations are satisfied by transferring control of the product or service to a customer. Specifically, revenue for the LDD capital asset is recognized at a point in time usually at installation. Revenue for training is also recorded at a point in time, generally 60 days after installation. Revenue for the device service is recognized ratably over time after installation, generally 12 months. The Company has determined that the transaction price is the invoice price, net of adjustments, if any. The allocation to the separate performance obligations is based upon the relative standalone selling price. Standalone selling prices are based on observable prices at which the Company separately sells the products or services. The Company estimates the standalone selling price using the market assessment approach considering market conditions and entity-specific factors including, but not limited to, features and functionality of the products and services, geographies, type of customer and market conditions. The Company regularly reviews and updates standalone selling prices as necessary.

LALs are generally held at customer sites on consignment. The single performance obligation is satisfied, and revenue from sales is recognized for LALs upon customer notification that the LALs have been implanted in a patient. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, credits related to returns and rebates on list prices were not significant.

The Company has adopted the practical expedient permitting the direct expensing of costs incurred to obtain contracts where the amortization of such costs would occur over one year or less, and it applied to substantially all the Company’s contracts. Revenue for service agreements is recognized ratably over the term of each contract.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, revenue from contracts with customers consisted of the following (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024

LDD (including training)	$	5,134	$	10,189	$	14,524	$	18,902
LAL		27,006		23,828		54,192		43,745
Service warranty, service contracts, and accessories		1,497		870		2,815		1,752

Total sales	$	33,637	$	34,887	$	71,531	$	64,399

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company did not have any customers who individually accounted for greater than 10% of revenue.

The following table represents the contract liabilities from sales activity for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively (in thousands):


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2025			2024

Balance at beginning of period	$	2,994		$	1,888
Additions during the period		2,772			1,949
Revenue recognized during the period		(2,504	)		(1,707	)
Balance at end of period	$	3,262		$	2,130

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has three equity incentive compensation plans: the Calhoun Vision, Inc. 2006 Stock Plan (“2006 Plan”); the Calhoun Vision, Inc. 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (“2015 Plan”); and the 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (“2021 Plan”), which are collectively referred to as the “Equity Plans.” The Company also has an employee stock purchase plan, the 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“2021 ESPP”).

The Company recognizes compensation expense for equity-based awards on the date of grant to employees, board of directors and consultants based on the estimated grant date fair value of the award's equity-based payments including stock options, restricted stock units and employee stock plan purchases. The fair value of the option awards are estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and recognized as an expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss over the requisite service period, which is generally four years. The Company amortizes the stock-based compensation for equity awards with service conditions on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the awards. Forfeitures of unvested stock option awards are recognized as reductions of expense as they occur.

The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires the use of assumptions about a number of variables, such as the fair market value of the Company’s common stock, expected volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rate, and dividend yield as discussed below:

Fair market value—The fair value of common stock is determined by using the closing price per share of common stock as reported on the Nasdaq Global Market.

Expected volatility—Effective January 1, 2024, the Company based the expected volatility on the historic volatility of its common stock.

Expected term—The Company’s expected term represents the period that the Company’s stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding. The Company used the simplified method (based on the mid-point between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term) to determine the expected term.

Risk-free interest rate—The risk-free interest rate used is based on the published U.S. Department of Treasury interest rates in effect at the time of stock option grant for zero coupon U.S. Treasury notes with maturities approximating each grant’s expected term.

Dividend yield—The Company has never paid dividends on its common stock and has no plans to pay dividends on its common stock. Therefore, the Company used an expected dividend yield of zero.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Changes to GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of accounting standards updates (“ASU”). There have been no recent accounting pronouncements, changes in accounting pronouncements or recently adopted accounting guidance during the three months ended June 30, 2025 that are of significance or potential significance to the Company.

RxSight, Inc. 10-Q