Equity and Non-Controlling Interests

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

4. Equity and Non-Controlling Interests

Equity

Preferred shares – 10,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding. The board of directors may designate preferred shares to be issued, and may rank preferred shares as junior to, on parity with or senior to other preferred shares (in each case, with respect to distributions or other payments in respect of shares). Since the board of directors may set all the terms of any class of preferred shares, these are considered “blank check” preferred shares. Currently the board has not defined dividend and liquidation preference, participation rights, call prices and dates, sinking-fund requirements, or terms that may change the conversation or exercise price.

Class A Common Shares – 95,000,000 shares authorized, 4,950,632 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2024. These shares are common shares and have one vote per share. Currently there is not a defined dividend or liquidation preference.

Class B Common Shares – 5,000,000 shares authorized, 5,000,000 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2024. These shares are common shares and have five votes per share. Currently there is not a defined dividend or liquidation preference. These shares may be converted one to one for Class A Common Shares.

Placement Agent and Selling Agent Warrants – 43,420 warrants of Class A common shares have been issued as part of the private placement and the initial public offering. The Placement Agent and Selling Agent Warrants are subject to standard anti-dilution provisions and may include cashless exercise provisions under certain circumstances. The issuance of the Placement and Selling Agent Warrants is a customary part of compensation for the placement or selling agent’s services in connection with prior offerings.

Non-Controlling Interests

On July 1, 2024 M1 was incorporated. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the ownership interest in M1, ranged from 67.0% to 67.9% (weighted average of 67.47 %), with the non-controlling interest ranging from 33.0% to 32.1% (weighted average of 32.53%).

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the ownership interest in eXoZymes, formerly known as Invizyne, ranged from 60.94% to 47.0%, with the non-controlling interest ranging from 39.06 % to 53.0%, on November 14, 2024 the ownership of eXoZymes by MDB Capital Holdings, LLC moved below 50%, therefore on that day the eXoZymes was deconsolidated from the financial statements. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the ownership interest in eXoZymes, formerly known as Invizyne, ranged from 60.94% to 59.0%, with the non-controlling interest ranging from 39.06 % to 41.0% (weighted average of 39.54 %). In 2024 all non-controlling interests of eXoZymes have been removed from the consolidated financial statements and moved to the equity method of accounting.

During each period, controlling and non-controlling interests changes as a result of capital infusions from MDB Capital Holdings, LLC. For the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, there were capital infusions of $176,840 (M1) and $0 (eXoZymes), respectively. The NCI ownership will be equal to the NCI percentage as of the reporting period. Therefore, there will be a redistribution of equity between MDB and the non-controlling interest owner. As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s equity interest in M1 was 67.9% to 67.0%, and the remaining equity interest was owned by the non-controlling interests as presented below. As of December 31, 2023, the Company’s equity interest in eXoZymes changed from 60.94% to 59.0%, and the remaining equity interest was owned by the non-controlling interests as presented below:

	For the Year Ended December 31,
	2024			2023

Non-controlling interest net loss	$	(276,239	)	$	(1,901,946	)
Weighted average non-controlling percentage		32.53	%		39.06	%
Net loss non-controlling interest	$	(89,869	)	$	(742,900	)
Prior period balance		7,250			468,665
Removal of prior period balance of eXoZymes due to deconsolidation		(7,250	)		-
Stock-based compensation		-			281,485
Ownership change of non-controlling interest		198			-
Ending period balance	$	(89,671	)	$	7,250

If there is a change in the parent ownership in a subsidiary from an additional investment or from the issuance of stock based compensation, a change of the non-controlling ownership is recognized based on the amount invested as required, and per ASC 810-45-21A, the carrying amount of the non-controlling interest is adjusted to reflect the change in the non-controlling ownership in the subsidiary’s net assets. Since there was a change in the equity, a reclassification of the non-controlling interest in the subsidiary’s net assets is required and demonstrated in the ending period balance above.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for equity.

+ References

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+ Details

MDB Capital Holdings, LLC 10-K