Inventories

3 Months Ended

Apr. 30, 2023

Inventory is valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value (determined on a first-in, first-out basis) and includes material, labor, and factory overhead. The Company records valuation adjustments for the excess cost of the inventory over its estimated net realizable value. Valuation adjustments for slow-moving and obsolete inventory are calculated using an estimated percentage applied to inventories based on a physical inspection of the product in connection with a physical inventory, a review of slow-moving products and component stage, inventory category, historical and forecasted consumption of sales, and consideration of active marketing programs. The market for education furniture is traditionally driven by value, not style, and the Company has not typically incurred material obsolescence expenses. If market conditions are less favorable than those anticipated by management, additional valuation adjustments may be required. The Company records the cost of excess capacity as a period expense, not as a component of capitalized inventory valuation.

Inventory increased by $19,343,000 at April 30, 2023 compared to April 30, 2022. The entire increase in inventory was attributable to increased quantity. The cost and valuation of inventory was stable. The quantity of inventory was increased in response to a material increase in unshipped sales orders (backlog). The majority of the backlog is scheduled for delivery during the traditional seasonal peak from June through August. The increase in inventory was financed by increased borrowing under the Company’s line of credit with PNC Bank and increased vendor credit, which traditionally increases with increased purchases of materials.

The following table presents a breakdown of the Company’s inventories as of April 30, 2023, January 31, 2023 and April 30, 2022:


	4/30/2023		1/31/2023		4/30/2022
	(in thousands)

Finished goods	$	34,370	$	25,740	$	29,919
Work in process	32,918		25,303		21,719
Raw materials	18,352		16,363		14,659
Total inventories	$	85,640	$	67,406	$	66,297

VIRCO MFG CORPORATION 10-Q